内容正文:
编写说明:2025-2026学年高二上学期《英语期末考点大串讲》以考试范围内教材单元内容为基准,精准覆盖核心考点,并紧密贴合职教高考题型,包含配套的单元复习课件、讲义与模拟卷,旨在为学生提供全方位、高效的期末复习解决方案。
2025-2026学年高二上学期《英语期末考点大串讲》
《英语 基础模块2》(语文版2022版)
Unit 1 The Spring Festival 复习讲义
目录
明·期末考情
记·必考知识 + 练·10分钟
1.单元重点词汇
2.单元重点短语和句式句型
3.单元重点语法
4.单元话题主题
破·提高题型
Unit1重点词汇、短语、句式句型、主题话题和语法项目
单元
核心考点
具体内容
复习目标
考情规律与备考建议
Unit1 The Spring Festival
重点词汇
1. 基础词汇:festival (n. 节日)、celebrate (v. 庆祝)、lantern (n. 灯笼)、relative (n. 亲戚)、gala (n. 晚会)、temple (n. 寺庙)、traditional (adj. 传统的)、lucky (adj. 幸运的)、gather (v. 聚集)、decorate (v. 装饰)
2. 核心词汇:traditional (adj. 传统的):
- 词义辨析:traditional(侧重“传统的、流传的”,如 traditional culture 传统文化)与 modern(侧重“现代的”,如 modern technology 现代科技)
- 词性转换:tradition n. 传统 → traditional adj. 传统的 → traditionally adv. 传统上
1. 准确认读、拼写词汇,掌握搭配(如 put up couplets 贴春联、have a get-together 聚会)
2. 完成 traditional 等核心词汇的词义辨析与词性转换
3. 在句子/语篇中运用词汇描述春节内容
1. 考情规律:词汇多在选择题(词义辨析)、填空题(单词适当形式)、翻译题考查
2. 备考建议:结合“春节”主题记忆,通过描述习俗、仿写短文巩固
重点短语
1. put up couplets 贴春联
2. have a get-together 聚会
3. look forward to 盼望
4. take part in 参加
5. at the temple fair 在庙会
6. watch the Spring Festival Gala 看春节联欢晚会
7. get lucky money 收压岁钱
8. celebrate the Spring Festival 庆祝春节
1. 记忆短语含义及搭配(如 look forward to doing sth. 盼望做某事)
2. 在对话、写作中运用短语描述春节活动
1. 考情规律:短语多在完形填空、翻译题、写作题考查
2. 备考建议:整理春节场景例句,通过对话模拟、习俗短文巩固
重点句式句型
1. It is believed that red is the lucky colour in China.(it 作形式主语,真正主语为 that 从句)
2. We watched the Spring Festival Gala together before we went to bed.(before 引导时间状语从句)
3. What interesting activities did you take part in during the Spring Festival?(what 引导特殊疑问句)
4. I am looking forward to celebrating the next Spring Festival.(look forward to doing sth. 句型)
1. 理解句型结构(it 作形式主语、时间状语从句等)
2. 模仿句型造句,描述春节活动
3. 写作中运用春节相关句型
1. 考情规律:句型在句型转换、翻译题、写作题考查
2. 备考建议:结合春节场景仿写句子,积累“节日活动”相关句型
主题话题
春节:
- 春节习俗:put up couplets 贴春联、make dumplings 包饺子、visit relatives 走亲戚
- 春节象征:red lanterns 红灯笼、lucky money 压岁钱
- 春节活动:have a family dinner 吃团圆饭、go to the temple fair 逛庙会
1. 掌握春节习俗、活动、象征的词汇与句型
2. 听懂春节对话,获取关键信息
3. 口头介绍春节经历,书面撰写相关短文
1. 考情规律:常出现在听力题、语篇阅读、写作题(如“我的春节”)
2. 备考建议:梳理春节相关表达,进行对话模拟、短文写作
语法项目
句子成分(Sentence Constituents):
1. 分类:主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语、表语、宾语补足语
2. 常见句型结构:
- 主+谓(S+V):The party began.
- 主+谓+宾(S+V+O):We ate dumplings.
- 主+系+表(S+Linking V+P):The lanterns are red.
- 主+谓+间宾+直宾(S+V+IO+DO):My parents gave me lucky money.
- 主+谓+宾+宾补(S+V+O+C):I found the temple fair fun.
1. 准确判断句子成分,区分各成分功能
2. 识别常见句型结构
3. 正确划分句子成分,避免成分残缺
1. 考情规律:出现在选择题(判断成分)、句型转换、短文改错
2. 备考建议:整理成分定义及例子,结合春节句子练习划分
知识点01 单元重点词汇(Unit1)
1. activity n. 活动
2. lucky adj. 幸运的
3. lantern n. 灯笼
4. relative n. 亲戚
5. celebrate v. 庆祝,庆贺
6. tradition n. 传统
7. enjoy v. 享受
8. delicious adj. 美味的
9. special adj. 特殊的,特别的
10. encourage v. 鼓励,支持
11. future n. 未来;前途
12. career n. 职业;事业;经历
13. decision n. 做决定
14. usual adj. 通常的
15. grass n. 草;草地
16. garden n. 花园;公园
17. dinner n. 晚餐,正餐
18. lend v. 借,借给
19. cheer v. 振作起来,高兴起来
20. actually adv. 实际上
21. trace v. 追溯
22. widely adv. 普遍地,广泛地
23. firework n. 鞭炮
24. phrase n. 短语,词组
一、词汇判断
1. 活动
A. action B. activity C. actor D. actress
【答案】B
【详解】考查名词。A项意为“行动”;B项意为“活动”;C项意为“男演员”;D项意为“女演员”。故选B项。
2. 幸运的
A. lovely B. lively C. lucky D. lonely
【答案】C
【详解】考查形容词。A项意为“可爱的”;B项意为“活泼的”;C项意为“幸运的”;D项意为“孤独的”。故选C项。
3. 灯笼
A. lantern B. lemon C. lesson D. letter
【答案】A
【详解】考查名词。A项意为“灯笼”;B项意为“柠檬”;C项意为“课程”;D项意为“信件”。故选A项。
4. 亲戚
A. relation B. relative C. reason D. result
【答案】B
【详解】考查名词。A项意为“关系”;B项意为“亲戚”;C项意为“原因”;D项意为“结果”。故选B项。
5. 庆祝
A. celebrate B. create C. collect D. control
【答案】A
【详解】考查动词。A项意为“庆祝”;B项意为“创造”;C项意为“收集”;D项意为“控制”。故选A项。
6. 传统
A. trade B. train C. tradition D. traffic
【答案】C
【详解】考查名词。A项意为“贸易”;B项意为“火车”;C项意为“传统”;D项意为“交通”。故选C项。
7. 享受
A. enter B. enjoy C. expect D. explain
【答案】B
【详解】考查动词。A项意为“进入”;B项意为“享受”;C项意为“期待”;D项意为“解释”。故选B项。
8. 美味的
A. delicious B. dangerous C. different D. difficult
【答案】A
【详解】考查形容词。A项意为“美味的”;B项意为“危险的”;C项意为“不同的”;D项意为“困难的”。故选A项。
9. 特殊的
A. special B. simple C. similar D. social
【答案】A
【详解】考查形容词。A项意为“特殊的”;B项意为“简单的”;C项意为“相似的”;D项意为“社会的”。故选A项。
10. 鼓励
A. guide B. greet C. guard D. encourage
【答案】D
【详解】考查动词。A项意为“引导”;B项意为“问候”;C项意为“保卫”;D项意为“鼓励”。故选D项。
二、 词汇填空
11. We should respect our ________ (亲戚) and treat them kindly. (汉语提示填空)
【答案】relatives
【详解】考查名词。句意:我们应该尊重我们的亲戚,友好地对待他们。根据汉语提示“亲戚”可知,此处应填名词relative,且亲戚不止一位,应用复数形式relatives。故填relatives。
12. It's our ________ (传统) to eat dumplings during the Spring Festival. (汉语提示填空)
【答案】tradition
【详解】考查名词。句意:春节期间吃饺子是我们的传统。根据汉语提示“传统”可知,此处应填名词tradition,根据“it's”可知,用单数形式。故填tradition。
13. The food in this restaurant is very ________ (美味的). (汉语提示填空)
【答案】delicious
【详解】考查形容词。句意:这家餐馆的食物非常美味。根据汉语提示“美味的”可知,此处应填形容词delicious,作表语。故填delicious。
14. The teacher always ________ (鼓励) us to study hard. (汉语提示填空)
【答案】encourages
【详解】考查动词。句意:老师总是鼓励我们努力学习。根据汉语提示“鼓励”可知,此处应填动词encourage,根据“always”可知,句子用一般现在时,主语“The teacher”是第三人称单数,谓语动词用第三人称单数形式encourages。故填encourages。
15. What do you want to do in the ________ (未来)? (汉语提示填空)
【答案】future
【详解】考查名词。句意:你未来想做什么?根据汉语提示“未来”可知,此处应填名词future,“in the future”为固定短语,意为“在未来”。故填future。
16. He made a ________ (决定) to travel around the world. (汉语提示填空)
【答案】decision
【详解】考查名词。句意:他决定环游世界。根据汉语提示“决定”可知,此处应填名词decision,“make a decision”为固定短语,意为“做决定”。故填decision。
17. We usually have ________ (晚餐) at 7 p.m. (汉语提示填空)
【答案】dinner
【详解】考查名词。句意:我们通常晚上7点吃晚餐。根据汉语提示“晚餐”可知,此处应填名词dinner,“have dinner”为固定短语,意为“吃晚餐”。故填dinner。
18. Could you ________ (借) me your pen? (汉语提示填空)
【答案】lend
【详解】考查动词。句意:你能把你的钢笔借给我吗?根据汉语提示“借”以及“me your pen”可知,此处表示“借出”,应用动词lend,“could”为情态动词,后接动词原形。故填lend。
19. The children are playing with ________ (鞭炮) happily. (汉语提示填空)
【答案】fireworks
【详解】考查名词。句意:孩子们正在高兴地玩鞭炮。根据汉语提示“鞭炮”可知,此处应填名词firework,且鞭炮不止一个,应用复数形式fireworks。故填fireworks。
20. This ________ (短语) is very important in this sentence. (汉语提示填空)
【答案】phrase
【详解】考查名词。句意:这个短语在这个句子中非常重要。根据汉语提示“短语”可知,此处应填名词phrase,根据“this”可知,用单数形式。故填phrase。
知识点02 单元重点短语和句式句型(Unit1)
重点短语
重点句式句型
Warm-up
the Spring Festival 春节
visit relatives or friends 走亲访友
hang up red lanterns 悬挂红灯笼
put up couplets 贴对联
have a get-together 团聚
make Chines dumplings 做饺子
get lucky money 收红包
Listening
start from... last to 从……开始,持续到
end with 以……结束
Reading
come back from 从……回来
the winter holiday 寒假
share...with... 分享……
take part in 参加
help sb. do... 帮助某人做某事
in red 穿红衣服
celebrate the Spring Festival 庆祝春节
on New Year’s Eve 在除夕
have a big family dinner 吃一顿大的团圆饭
the Spring Festival Gala 春节晚会
lucky money 压岁钱
the temple fair 庙会
play traditional games 玩传统游戏
look forward to 盼望
Speaking
encourage sb. to do...鼓励某人做某事
be prepared for 为……做好准备
make one’s decision 做决定
learn from 向……学习
have a wonderful time 过得很愉快
Culture Corner
be traced back to...被追溯到
scare away 吓跑
happen to 碰巧
in preparation for 准备
from then on 从那时起
Listening
1. The Spring Festival is the most important festival in China.(春节是中国最重要的节日。)
2. "Guonian" means the ending of the old year and the starting of the new one.(“过年”指的是旧一年的结束和新一年的开始。)
3. This is a time for family get-together, and visiting relatives and friends.(这是一个家庭聚会、拜访亲戚和朋友的时候。)
4. It starts from the 1st day, and lasts to the 15th day of the 1st lunar month.(它从农历正月初一(第一天)开始,一直持续到农历正月十五日。)
5. It ends with the Lantern Festival.(它以元宵节结束。)
Reading
1. Li Han is sharing with her classmates what she did during the Spring Festival.(李菡正在跟同学分享春节期间所做的事情。)
2. I took part in many interesting activities.(我参加了许多有趣的活动。)
3. Before the Spring Festival, I helped my parents clean the house and put up couplets.(在春节前,我帮助父母打扫房间,贴春联。)
4. On New Year's Eve, we had a big family dinner.(在除夕夜,我们吃了团圆饭。)
5. We played many fun traditional games.(我们玩了许多有趣的传统游戏。)
6. I'm looking forward to celebrating the next Spring Festival.(我盼望着过下一个春节。)
Speaking
1. —How was your Spring Festival? —I had a wonderful time.(——你春节过得怎样?——我过得很愉快。)
2. We bought them many gifts.(我们给他们买了很多礼物。)
3. They also encouraged me to work harder at school subjects and be fully prepared for my future career.(他们还鼓励我努力学习功课,为将来的事业做好充分准备。)
4. I've also made my decision for the coming new term.(我已经为即将到来的新学期做了决定。)
5. Let's help and learn from each other.(让我们互相帮助、互相学习吧。)
Culture Corner
1. The Spring Festival is the most important festival in China.(春节是中国最重要的节日。)
2. The Spring Festival means the ending of the old year and the starting of the new one.(春节意味着旧年的过去和新年的开始。)
3. The Spring Festival is a time for family get-together, and visiting relatives and friends.(春节是家庭团聚、走亲访友的时间。)
4. The Spring Festival starts from the 1st day, and lasts to the 15th day of the 1st lunar month.(春节从农历正月初一(1日)开始,持续到农历正月十五(正月15)。)
5. The boy happened to be in red clothes.(这个男孩碰巧穿着红衣服。)
6. From then on, Nian never came back again.(从那时起,“年”再也没回来过。)
一、 短语填空
1.My family usually ________ ________ ________ (吃团圆饭) together on New Year’s Eve. (汉语提示填空)
【答案】have a big family dinner
【详解】考查固定短语。句意:我的家人通常在除夕夜一起吃团圆饭。根据汉语提示“吃团圆饭”可知,此处应填固定短语have a big family dinner,句子时态为一般现在时,主语My family表示“家人”,视为复数,谓语动词用原形。故填have a big family dinner。
2.Before the Spring Festival, people like to ________ ________ ________ (悬挂红灯笼) in front of their houses. (汉语提示填空)
【答案】hang up red lanterns
【详解】考查固定短语。句意:春节前,人们喜欢在自家门前悬挂红灯笼。根据汉语提示“悬挂红灯笼”可知,此处应填固定短语hang up red lanterns,“like to”后接动词原形,故填hang up red lanterns。
3.Children are always happy to ________ ________ ________ (收红包) from their elders during the Spring Festival. (汉语提示填空)
【答案】get lucky money
【详解】考查固定短语。句意:春节期间,孩子们总是很高兴从长辈那里收红包。根据汉语提示“收红包”可知,此处应填固定短语get lucky money,“be happy to”后接动词原形,故填get lucky money。
4.We are all ________ ________ ________ (盼望) the coming of the Spring Festival because we can play with our cousins. (汉语提示填空)
【答案】looking forward to
【详解】考查固定短语。句意:我们都盼望着春节的到来,因为我们可以和表兄妹们一起玩。根据汉语提示“盼望”可知,此处应填固定短语looking forward to,句子时态为现在进行时,空前有are,故填looking forward to。
5.She often ________ her interesting experiences ________ (分享……给) her classmates after the winter holiday. (汉语提示填空)
【答案】shares; with
【详解】考查固定短语。句意:寒假过后,她经常把自己有趣的经历分享给同学们。根据汉语提示“分享……给”可知,此处应填固定短语shares; with,主语She为第三人称单数,时态为一般现在时,谓语动词用shares。故填shares; with。
二、汉译英
6.春节从农历正月初一(第一天)开始,一直持续到农历正月十五日。
___________________________________________________________________
【答案】The Spring Festival starts from the 1st day and lasts to the 15th day of the 1st lunar month.
【详解】考查固定短语。春节:The Spring Festival,作主语;从……开始,持续到:starts from...and lasts to,作谓语,一般现在时;农历正月初一(第一天):the 1st day of the 1st lunar month;农历正月十五日:the 15th day of the 1st lunar month,作介词from和to的宾语。故本句译为:The Spring Festival starts from the 1st day and lasts to the 15th day of the 1st lunar month.
7.李菡正在跟同学分享她在寒假期间做的事情。
___________________________________________________________________
【答案】Li Han is sharing with her classmates what she did during the winter holiday.
【详解】考查固定短语。李菡:Li Han,作主语;正在分享:is sharing,作谓语,现在进行时;跟同学:with her classmates,作状语;她在寒假期间做的事情:what she did during the winter holiday,宾语从句;寒假:the winter holiday。故本句译为:Li Han is sharing with her classmates what she did during the winter holiday.
8.妈妈鼓励我努力学习功课,为将来的事业做好充分准备。
___________________________________________________________________
【答案】Mom encourages me to work harder at school subjects and be fully prepared for my future career.
【详解】考查固定短语。妈妈:Mom,作主语;鼓励:encourages,作谓语,一般现在时;我:me,作宾语;努力学习功课:to work harder at school subjects;为将来的事业做好充分准备:to be fully prepared for my future career,不定式短语作宾语补足语。故本句译为:Mom encourages me to work harder at school subjects and be fully prepared for my future career.
9.从那时起,这个村庄的人们就开始用红灯笼吓跑“年”兽。
___________________________________________________________________
【答案】From then on, people in this village began to use red lanterns to scare away the "Nian" monster.
【详解】考查固定短语。从那时起:From then on,作状语;这个村庄的人们:people in this village,作主语;开始:began to,作谓语,一般过去时;用红灯笼:use red lanterns;吓跑“年”兽:to scare away the "Nian" monster,不定式短语作目的状语。故本句译为:From then on, people in this village began to use red lanterns to scare away the "Nian" monster.
10.我们打算在春节期间去庙会玩传统游戏。
___________________________________________________________________
【答案】We plan to go to the temple fair and play traditional games during the Spring Festival.
【详解】考查固定短语。我们:We,作主语;打算:plan to,作谓语,一般现在时;去庙会:go to the temple fair;玩传统游戏:play traditional games,不定式短语作宾语;在春节期间:during the Spring Festival,作状语。故本句译为:We plan to go to the temple fair and play traditional games during the Spring Festival.
知识点03 单元重点语法(Unit1)
句子成分与种类
句子成分
在句子中起着不同语法作用的部分,叫作句子成分。句子成分有9种:主语,谓语,表语,宾语,定语,补语,状语,同位语,独立成分。
一、主语
主语是一个句子的主体,表示句子描述的对象。通常由名词,代词,数词,动词不定式,动名词,从句等充当。如:
The students worked very hard. 学生们学习很努力。
They are from China. 他们来自中国。
Swimming in the lake is dangerous. 在湖里游泳很危险。
二、谓语
谓语表示主语的动作或具有的状态与特征。构成形式如下。
1.简单谓语
由一个动词或动词短语构成。
She practices speaking English every day. 她每天练习说英语。
The woman takes good care of the baby. 这个女人把婴儿照顾得很好。
2.复合谓语形式
(1)由“情态动词或助动词+动词”构成。
You may go now. 你现在可以走了。
He has caught a bad cold. 他患了重感冒。
(2)由“系动词+表语”构成。
We are students. 我们是学生。
She becomes famous.她出名了。
(3)由“情态动词+系动词+表语”构成。
It will be wasted. 它将被浪费。
He must be wrong. 他一定错了。
(4)被动句的谓语动词。
Mary was seen to swim across the river. 有人看见玛丽游过那条河。
三、表语
表语是用来说明主语的身份,特征和状态的成分。一般在系动词之后。表语可由名词,代词,形容词,分词,数词,不定式,动名词,介词短语及表语从句等充当。
The young man has turned a thief. 那个年轻人变成了小偷。
All of these are yours. 这些都是你的。
四、宾语
宾语是动作承受的对象。可由名词,代词,数词,动名词,不定式,宾语从句等充当。
He bought a new car. 他买了一辆新车。
She enjoys listening to music. 她喜欢听音乐。
I don't know how to get there. 我不知道怎么去那里。
五、补语
补语主要有宾语补足语和主语补足语,其中宾语补足语使用较多。英语中有少数及物动词后除了接一个宾语外,还必须有一个宾语补足语对宾语进行补充说明,这样才能使句子的意义完整,这类动词被称为“复合及物动词”,这些及物动词常见的有:make ,consider ,find ,get,have ,let 等。
The boss made us work 14 hours every day.老板让我们每天工作14个小时。
We found the dog lying on the ground. 我们发现那条狗躺在地上。
六、定语
定语是用来修饰或限定名词或代词的词,短语或从句。通常由形容词,分词,名词,代词,数词,不定式,动名词,介词短语和从句等充当。
She is a beautiful girl. 她是一个漂亮的女孩。
The girl in white is my sister. 穿白色衣服的女孩是我妹妹。
七、状语
状语是用来修饰动词,形容词,副词或整个句子,说明动作或状态特征的句子成分。通常由副词,介词短语,不定式,分词,名词,形容词或从句等充当。
He has lived in the countryside for 20 years. 他在农村住了20年。
Wherever you go,whatever you do,I will wait for you.
无论你要去何方,无论你要做何事,我都会等你。
八、同位语
同位语对前面的名词或代词做进一步的解释,通常由名词,数词,代词或从句等来充当。
This is Mr.Dou,our headmaster. 这是窦先生,我们的校长。
九、独立成分
独立成分包括感叹词,呼语和插入语。插入语一般是对一句话做一些附加的解释,通常由形容词,副词,介词短语,动词不定式,现在分词或从句来充当。
To be frank,I don't quite agree with you.坦率地说,我不太同意你的看法。
句子种类
句子按结构可分为:简单句,并列句和复合句三类。
一、简单句
简单句只包含一个主语或并列主语和一个谓语或并列谓语,且句子的各个成分都是由单词或短语来组成的。英语中简单句共有如下五种基本句型。
1. 主+谓
该句型中谓语动词为不及物动词,后面不可接宾语,但可接状语或其他成分。
Nobody went out. 没有人出去。
The children are playing. 孩子们在玩。
We study hard. 我们努力学习。
2. 主+谓+宾
该句型中的谓语为及物动词,后面必须接宾语。
We love our country. 我们爱我们的国家。
The old woman looks after the baby carefully. 老妇人细心地照看着婴儿。
He dreamed a terrible dream last night. 他昨晚做了一个可怕的梦。
3. 主+谓+间接宾语+直接宾语
该句型中的动词为双宾语动词,后面必须接两个宾语。
He gave his sister the piano.=He gave the piano to his sister. 他把钢琴给了他妹妹。
4.主+谓+宾+宾补
该句型中的谓语动词后面必须接宾语,且还要用一个补足语来补充说明宾语的状态。
I found the book easy. 我发现这本书很容易。
We heard him singing. 我们听到他在唱歌。
5. 主+系+表
该句型无被动,无进行。
The flower is beautiful. 这花很漂亮。
He is a teacher. 他是一名教师。
【拓展】系动词分类:
(1)变化类系动词:turn,become,grow,fall,get,go,come,run等。
She becomes a lawyer. 她成了一名律师。
(2)状态类系动词:be。
The boy is tall. 那个男孩个子高。
(3)持续类系动词:remain,stay,stand,keep 等。
He always kept silent at meeting. 他开会时总是保持沉默。
(4)表象类系动词:seem,appear等。
Anna seemed upset this morning. 今天早上安娜看起来似乎很沮丧。
(5)感官系动词:feel,smell,sound,taste,look 等。
The milk tastes sour. 这牛奶尝起来有酸味。
The cloth feels soft. 这块布摸起来很柔软。
(6)终止性系动词:prove,turn out 等。
His plan turned out a success. 他的计划成功了。
二、并列句
有两个或两个以上的简单句连在一起,构成的句子叫作并列句。并列句有如下几种类型。
1. 联合并列句
常用的连词有and,both…and…,not only…but also…,neither…nor…等。
They talked happily,and they forgot to cook supper. 他们聊得很开心,忘记做晚饭了。
Not only did the students sing,but also the teacher sung. 不仅学生们唱了,老师也唱了。
2. 转折并列句
表示两个分句在语意上转折。常由but,while,yet等连接。
He worked hard,yet he failed. 他努力工作,但还是失败了。
Some problems are easy while others are difficult. 有些问题容易,有些问题难。
3. 选择并列句
常由or,either…or…,otherwise等连接。
Either you leave this house or I will call the police. 要么你离开这座房子,要么我叫警察。
I must work much harder,otherwise I can't catch up with the other classmates.
我必须更加努力学习,否则我就赶不上其他同学了。
4. 因果并列句
常由 for,so,therefore等连接。
It was late,so we went home. 天晚了,所以我们回家了。
It's going to rain,for the sky is dark. 天要下雨了,因为天色很暗。
It rained,therefore the football match was put off. 下雨了,所以足球比赛推迟了。
5. 条件或结果并列句
Hurry up,or we'll miss the train. 快点,不然我们就赶不上火车了。
Work hard and you'll succeed in time. 努力工作,你迟早会成功的。
三、复合句
用一个句子作另一个句子的某个成分(主,表,宾,同,定,状),两个句子有所属关系,含有这种结构的句子被称为复合句。复合句有如下几种类型。
1. 定语从句
包括限定性定语从句和非限定性定语从句。
This is the man whom we have talked about. 这就是我们谈论过的那个人。
The note was left by John,who was here a moment ago.
这张便条是约翰留下的,他刚才还在这里。
2.名词性从句
包括主语从句,表语从句,宾语从句,同位语从句。
What he said was not true. 他说的不是真的。
China is not what it used to be. 中国已经不是过去的中国了。
I don't know why she refused my invitation. 我不知道她为什么拒绝了我的邀请。
The news that they won the match is true. 他们赢得比赛的消息是真的。
3. 状语从句
包括时间,地点,原因,目的,结果,条件,方式,让步,比较状语从句。
I will tell him when he comes back. 他回来后我会告诉他的。
There are plenty of sheep where I live. 我住的地方有很多羊。
I do it because I like it. 我做是因为我喜欢。
【拓展】句子按其使用目的,可分为:陈述句,疑问句,祈使句和感叹句。
(1)陈述句
凡是说明一件事情,提出一个看法,或者是表达一种心情的句子都是陈述句。大多数的句子都是陈述句,陈述句有肯定式和否定式。陈述句句末用句号“.”,通常用降调。
We live in Beijing. 我们住在北京。
We don't live in Beijing. 我们不住在北京。
(2)疑问句
提出问题。有以下四种类型。
①一般疑问句
Can you finish the work on time? 你能按时完成工作吗?
②特殊疑问句
Where do you live? 你住哪儿?
How do you know that? 你怎么知道那件事的?
③选择疑问句
Do you want tea or coffee? 你想要茶还是要咖啡?
④反义疑问句
反义疑问句:即附加疑问句。它表示提问人的看法,没有把握,需要对方证实。
反义疑问句由两部分组成:前一部分是一个陈述句,后一部分是一个简短的疑问句,两部分的人称时态应保持一致。
a.“陈述部分肯定式+疑问部分否定式”形式。
She was ill yesterday,wasn't she? 她昨天病了,不是吗?
b.“陈述部分否定式+疑问部分肯定式”形式,
You didn't go,did you? 你没去,是吗?
a.祈使句后一般加上will you或 won't you构成反义疑问句,用will you多表示“请求”,用won't you多表示提醒对方注意。
b.Let 引导的祈使句有以下两种情况,
Let's…后的反义疑问句用shall we
Let's go home,shall we? 回家吧,好吗?
Let us/me…后的反义疑问句用will you。
Let me have a try,will you? 让我试一试,好吗?
c.反义疑问句的陈述部分带有 little,few,never,hardly,seldom,nobody,nothing,barely,scarcely等否定意义的词时,问句部分用肯定式。
She never tells a lie,does she? (不用 doesn't she?) 她从不说谎,是吗?
He was seldom late,was he? (不用 wasn't he?) 他几乎不迟到,是吗?
(3)祈使句
表示请求,命令,建议等。句子没有时态变化,谓语动词一律用原形。句子中通常不用主语,句末用感叹号或者句号,用降调。
①肯定的祈使句
句式为“动词原形+其他(省略主语)”。
Stand up. 站起来。
Be quiet,please. 请安静。
注意:
a.有时为了加强语气,可以在动词之前加do。
Do sit down. 请坐。
Do study hard. 好好学习。
b.用客气的语气表示祈使句时,可在句首或句尾加上please,但在句尾加please 时,在please之前一定要加一个逗号。
Go this way,please. 请往这边走。
c.祈使句中如果有唤语,一定要用逗号隔开,放在句首或句尾。
Li Ming,come here. 李明,过来。
Come here,Li Ming. 过来,李明。
②否定的祈使句
句式为“Don't/Never+ 动词原形+其他”。
Don't swim in the river. 不要在河里游泳。
Don't be late. 不要迟到。
Please don't be noisy. 请不要吵闹。
(4)感叹句
表示喜怒哀乐等强烈感情时用感叹句。感叹句分为两种:一种以what引导, 一种以 how引导。句尾用感叹号,通常用降调。
①what引导的感叹句
句型一:“What+a/an+形容词+可数名词单数+主语+谓语(+其他)!”。
句型二:“What+ 形容词+不可数名词/可数名词复数+主语+谓语(+其他)!”。
What a beautiful city it is! 多么美丽的城市啊!
What a fine day! 多好的天气啊!
What an honest man he is! 他是一个多么诚实的人啊!
What big apples these are! 这些苹果好大啊!
What a tall boy Tom is! 汤姆是一个多么高的男孩啊!
What fools they are! 他们多傻啊!
②how引导的感叹句
句型一:“How+形容词或副词+主语+谓语+其他!”。
句型二:“How+形容词(+a/an)+名词+主语+谓语(+其他)!”。
句型三:“How+主语+谓语(+其他)!”。
How hot it is today! 今天好热啊!
How high the kite is flying! 风筝飞得多高啊!
How beautiful the girl is! 这个女孩多漂亮啊!
How fast he runs! 他跑得多快啊!
How I want to be a teacher! 我多么想成为一名老师啊!
How well she can skate! 她滑得多好啊!
一、单项选择
1.The sentence structure of“Autumn leaves turn brown.” is .
A.S+V B.S+V+O C.S+V+P D.S+V+DO+OC
【答案】C
【详解】考查主系表结构。句意:“秋叶变棕色。”的句子结构是主语+系动词+表语结构。分析句子可知,引号内的句子可知,Autumn leaves作主语;turn是系动词;brown作表语。选项C符合题意。故选C。
2.The sentence structure of “We like English.” is ________ .
A.S+V+O B.S+V C.S+V+P D.S+V+DO+OC
【答案】A
【详解】考查句子成分。句意:“We like English.”的句子结构是“主谓宾”。A. S+V+O主谓宾;B. S+V主谓;C. S+V+P主系表;D. S+V+DO+OC主谓直宾间宾。分析句子结构可知,We:我们,作主语;like:喜欢,作谓语,一般现在时;English:英语,作宾语,因此句子结构为“主谓宾”。故选A。
3.—What’s your car number?
—________ 321471.
A.I’m B.It’s C.Its D.My car is
【答案】B
【详解】考查代词及基本句型(主系表)。句意:—你的车牌号是什么?—它是321471。根据回答及句意可知,下句中的主语是上句的“number”,要用“it(同名同物)”指代;“it”是人称代词的第三人称单数,作主语谓语动词用单数“is”,“It is”缩写为“It’s”。故选B。
4.________ nice day! Let’s go to the park.
A.What B.What a C.How D.How a
【答案】B
【详解】考查感叹句。句意:多么美好的一天啊!我们去公园吧。根据设空句子结尾的标点符号可知,这是一个感叹句,中心词是可数名词单数day,因此应用“what+a/an+形容词+可数名词单数+其他!”的感叹句句型,形容词nice是辅音音素开头的单词,不定冠词应用a,what a符合要求。故选B。
5.Tom comes from USA, ________ he speaks Chinese well.
A.and B.so C.but D.or
【答案】C
【详解】考查连词辨析。句意:汤姆来自美国,但是他中文说得很好。A. and和,并且,表并列;B. so所以,表因果;C. but但是,表转折;D. or或者,表选择。根据“Tom comes from USA, ... he speaks Chinese well.”可知,前后句子是转折关系,即“尽管来自美国,但中文说得好”,要用连词but连接。故选C。
二、改错
6.Where did you went last night? (单句改错)
【答案】went→ go
【详解】考查特殊疑问句。句意:你昨晚去哪里了?分析句子可知,句子是特殊疑问句,其结构是“特殊疑问词+一般疑问句?”,此句是将助动词did置于主语you之前构成疑问句语序,其后主动went应还原为其原形go。故答案为:went→ go。
7.My father looked angrily. (指出错误并改错)
【答案】angrily→ angry
【详解】考查形容词。句意:我父亲看上去很生气。分析句子可知,句子是“主系表”结构,感官系动词“looked”后应使用形容词,作表语。故答案为:angrily→ angry。
8.[A]How a [B]good mother [C]she [D]is! (指出错误并改正)
【答案】A;What
【详解】考查感叹句。句意:她是一个多么好的母亲啊!根据句尾标点符号可知,这是一个感叹句,中心词是名词mother,应用what引导感叹句,因此A项How应改为What。故答案为:A;What。
9.[A]Following the road [B]and you [C]will [D]find the store. (指出错误并改正)
【答案】A;Follow
【详解】考查祈使句。句意:沿着这条路走,你就会找到那家商店。分析句子结构可知,这是一个“祈使句 + and + 简单句”的结构,祈使句要用动词原形开头,表示一种建议、命令或请求等,所以应把A项“Following”改成动词原形“Follow”。故答案为:A;Follow。
10.Tom and I are good friends, so we don’t see each other very often. (单句改错)
【答案】so→ but
【详解】考查连词。句意:汤姆和我是好朋友,但是我们经常见面。分析句子可知,“是好朋友”与“不常见面”之间为转折关系,而非因果关系,应用连词“but (但是)”表转折。故答案为:so→ but。
知识点04 单元话题主题(Unit1)
主题
The Spring Festival
功能话题
询问与提供对春节的看法
询问与提供有关春节情况的信息
(1) —What do you think of the Spring Festival?
—I think it's very interesting/meaningful...
(2) —In my opinion, the Spring Festival is the most important traditional festival in China.
—I agree with you. /I'd like to make friends with people who are...
(1) —How was/How about your Spring Festival?
—I had a wonderful time. /I enjoyed it very much...
(2) —What did you do during the Spring Festival?
—I visited my relatives and friends...
一、补全对话
从对话后所给出的五个选项中,选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。
A: 1
B: It’s June 3.
A: Already? Then it’s the Dragon Boat Festival today, isn’t it?
B: Yes. 2
A: Did you have rice dumplings this morning?
B: Sure. 3
A: I didn’t.
B: What a pity! But I happen to have got some with me. 4
A: I’d love to. By the way, why do you call it the Dragon Boat Festival?
B: Because in China, people race dragon boats this day every year.
A: Oh, I see. 5
B: You are welcome.
A.We Chinese usually eat rice dumplings this day.
B.Thank you for your rice dumpling.
C.Would you like to have one?
D.What’s the date today?
E.How about you?
【答案】1.D 2.A 3.E 4.C 5.B
【导语】本文是一篇对话。文中两个人关于端午节展开的对话。
1.根据答语“It’s June 3 (是6月3日)”可知,横线上应是询问日期,选项D“今天的日期是什么?”符合语境。故选D。
2.根据上文“Then it’s the Dragon Boat Festival today, isn’t it? (那么今天是龙舟节,对吗)”可知,横线上应是关于龙舟节的内容,选项A“我们中国人通常这天吃粽子。”符合语境。故选A。
3.根据“I didn’t. (我没有)”及“Did you have rice dumplings this morning? (你今天早上吃粽子吗?)”可知,横线上是询问对方有没有吃粽子,选项E“你呢?”符合语境。故选E。
4.根据“But I happen to have got some with me. (但是我碰巧有一些)”及“I’d love to (我想要)”可知,横线上应是询问对方是否想要,选项C“你想要一个吗?”符合语境。故选C。
5.根据“You are welcome. (不客气)”可知,横线上应是表示感谢,选项B“谢谢你的粽子。”符合语境。故选B。
二、完形填空
In China, the Spring Festival is one of the most important traditional festivals. Last Spring Festival, I 6 an unforgettable holiday with my family. On the morning of New Year’s Eve, we went to the market together and 7 a lot of New Year goods, 8 fish, meat, vegetables, and all kinds of fruits and candies. After returning home, we started to paste Spring Festival couplets and window 9 , and the house suddenly 10 cheerful.
In the afternoon, we began 11 the New Year’s Eve dinner. My father was in charge of cooking fish, 12 that it represented having more than enough every year; my mother was busy 13 dumplings, symbolizing a continuous flow of wealth.
After dinner, we went to set off firecrackers. That night, we also 14 a lot of interesting games, such as guessing riddles and grabbing red envelopes. This Spring Festival, I not only felt the warmth of my family, but also 15 a lot about the knowledge and customs of the Spring Festival: I understand that the Spring Festival is not only a festival, but also a cultural inheritance and emotional exchange.
Now, I am already looking forward to the next Spring Festival. I believe that it will be a happier and more unforgettable festival.
6.A.spent B.cost C.pay D.took
7.A.sold B.bought C.lent D.borrowed
8.A.comparing B.including C.experiencing D.practising
9.A.pictures B.glasses C.decorations D.fireworks
10.A.moved B.touched C.became D.felt
11.A.prepare B.prepared C.to prepare D.prepares
12.A.taking B.going C.saying D.bringing
13.A.making B.speaking C.playing D.running
14.A.danced B.sang C.played D.made
15.A.learned B.listened C.saw D.ate
【答案】
6.A 7.B 8.B 9.C 10.C 11.C 12.C 13.A 14.C 15.A
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者和家人一起过春节的难忘经历及感受。
6.考查动词词义辨析。句意:去年春节,我和家人度过了一个难忘的假期。A. spent度过;B. cost花费(主语为物);C. pay支付;D. took花费(主语为it)。根据“Last Spring Festival, I ... an unforgettable holiday with my family.”可知,此处指度过了一个难忘的假期,主语为人,应用spent。故选A。
7.考查动词词义辨析。句意:除夕早上,我们一起去市场买了很多年货,包括鱼、肉、蔬菜,还有各种水果和糖果。A. sold卖;B. bought买;C. lent借出;D. borrowed借入。根据“we went to the market together”以及“a lot of New Year goods”可知,此处指去市场买了很多年货。故选B。
8.考查动词词义辨析。句意:除夕早上,我们一起去市场买了很多年货,包括鱼、肉、蔬菜,还有各种水果和糖果。A. comparing比较;B. including包括;C. experiencing经历;D. practising练习。根据“a lot of New Year goods”以及空后“fish, meat, vegetables, and all kinds of fruits and candies.”可知,此处列举了所买的年货,包括鱼、肉、蔬菜,还有各种水果和糖果。故选B。
9.考查名词词义辨析。句意:回到家后,我们开始贴春联和窗花,房子突然变得喜庆起来。A. pictures图片;B. glasses眼镜;C. decorations装饰品;D. fireworks烟花。前文描述了“paste Spring Festival couplets”,并列连词“and”连接同类事物,“window decorations”指贴春联和窗花这些装饰品。故选C。
10.考查动词词义辨析。句意:回到家后,我们开始贴春联和窗花,房子突然变得喜庆起来。A. moved移动;B. touched触摸;C. became变得;D. felt感觉。根据前文“we started to paste Spring Festival couplets and window decorations”可知,此处指房子变得喜庆起来。故选C。
11.考查非谓语动词。句意:下午,我们开始准备年夜饭。此处为固定搭配begin to do sth.“开始做某事”,应用不定式作宾语。故选C。
12.考查现在分词词义辨析。句意:我爸爸负责做鱼,说这代表每年都有余;我妈忙着包饺子,象征着财富源源不断。A. taking拿;B. going去;C. saying说;D. bringing带来。根据“My father was in charge of cooking fish, ... that it represented having more than enough every year”可知,此处指爸爸说做鱼代表每年都有余。故选C。
13.考查动词词义辨析。句意:我爸爸负责做鱼,说这代表每年都有余;我妈忙着包饺子,象征着财富源源不断。A. making制作;B. speaking说;C. playing玩;D. running跑。根据空后“dumplings”可知,此处指妈妈忙着包饺子,make dumplings“包饺子”,固定搭配。故选A。
14.考查动词词义辨析。句意:那天晚上,我们还玩了很多有趣的游戏,比如猜谜语和抢红包。A. danced跳舞;B. sang唱歌;C. played玩;D. made制作。根据空后“a lot of interesting games”可知,此处指玩了很多有趣的游戏。故选C。
15.考查动词词义辨析。句意:这个春节,我不仅感受到了家人的温暖,还学到了很多关于春节的知识和习俗:我明白春节不仅是一个节日,更是一种文化传承和情感交流。A. learned学习;B. listened听;C. saw看见;D. ate吃。根据空后“a lot about the knowledge and customs of the Spring Festival”可知,此处指学到了很多关于春节的知识和习俗。故选A。
题型一 单项选择题
解|题|技|巧
1. 主谓一致:锁定主语单复数(不可数名词/复数名词),匹配对应be动词/谓语形式。
2. 时态判断:抓时间标志词(如3 days ago),确定时态后筛选对应动词形式。
3. 祈使句与系表结构:祈使句用动词原形表动作,系表结构用“be+形容词”表状态。
4. 宾语从句:确保从句语序正确且结构完整,缺主语优先选what等疑问代词。
5. 感叹句:先找中心词(名词/形容词),可数名词单数前加what a/an,形容词前用how。
易|错|点|拨
1. 主谓一致误区:误将不可数名词(news/information)当复数,错用are/have。
2. 时态混淆:忽略过去时间提示,误选Do/Are等一般现在时的动词形式。
3. 祈使句与状态混淆:误用be open表动作,或用opens/is closing表静态状态。
4. 宾语从句缺主语:误选when/how/why等疑问副词,导致从句结构不完整。
5. 感叹句句型错配:可数名词单数前漏加a/an,或混淆what与how的用法。
【典例1】(25-26高一上·河北石家庄·阶段练习)No news ________ good news.
A.is B.are C.have D.has
【答案】A
【详解】考查主谓一致。句意:没有消息就是好消息。分析句子可知,句子结构为主系表,空处需补充系动词连接主语和表语。主语news为不可数名词,对应的be动词用is,故选A。
【变式】No information ________ available about the accident.
A.is B.are C.have D.has
【答案】A
【详解】考查主谓一致。句意:关于这起事故,没有可用的信息。句子为主系表结构,空处需用系动词。主语information是不可数名词,be动词用is,符合“不可数名词作主语,be动词用单数”的主谓一致规则,故选A。
【典例2】(2024高一下·全国·专题练习)________ your parents at home 3 days ago?
A.Do B.Did C.Are D.Were
【答案】D
【详解】考查一般过去时及be动词。句意:3天前你父母在家吗?根据“3 days ago”可知,句子时态为一般过去时;“at home”为表语,需用“be at home”构成系表结构表示状态,主语your parents是复数,对应的过去式be动词为Were,故选D。
【变式】________ your grandparents in the village last winter?
A.Do B.Did C.Are D.Were
【答案】D
【详解】考查一般过去时及be动词。句意:去年冬天你的祖父母在村子里吗?由“last winter”可知,句子为一般过去时;“in the village”是表语,需用“be in the village”表状态,主语your grandparents为复数,过去式be动词用Were,遵循“过去时间状语+复数主语”的be动词用法,故选D。
【典例3】(23-24高三上·山东青岛·期末)— ________ the door, please.
— Come in, please. The door ________.
A.Open; opens B.Be open; opens C.Open; is open D.Be open; is opening
【答案】C
【详解】考查祈使句和系表结构。句意:——请开门。——请进。门是开着的。第一句为祈使句,需用动词原形开头,“Open”表示“打开”的动作;第二句表示门的状态“开着的”,用“be+形容词open”构成系表结构,主语the door是单数,be动词用is,故选C。
【变式】— ________ the window, please.
— OK. The window ________ now.
A.Close; is close B.Close; is closed C.Be close; closes D.Be close; is closing
【答案】B
【详解】考查祈使句和系表结构。句意:——请关上窗户。——好的。现在窗户是关着的。第一句为祈使句,用动词原形“Close”表示“关闭”的动作;第二句表示窗户的状态“关着的”,用“be+形容词closed”构成系表结构,主语the window是单数,be动词用is,符合“祈使句表动作,系表结构表状态”的用法,故选B。
【典例4】(20-21高三·重庆·二模)No one knows exactly ________.
A.what happened B.when happened C.how happened D.why happened
【答案】A
【详解】考查宾语从句。句意:没有人确切知道发生了什么。宾语从句需用陈述语序,且需完整的句子结构。选项A中“what”作从句主语,“happened”作谓语,构成完整宾语从句;B、C、D项均缺少从句主语,无法构成完整句子,故选A。
【变式】No one told me exactly ________.
A.what occurred B.when occurred C.how occurred D.why occurred
【答案】A
【详解】考查宾语从句。句意:没有人确切告诉我发生了什么。宾语从句需满足陈述语序和完整结构。选项A中“what”充当从句主语,“occurred”作谓语,句子结构完整;B、C、D项均缺少从句主语,不符合宾语从句的语法要求,故选A。
【典例5】(陕西省宝鸡市千陇职业中学2025-2026学年高三上学期11月期中考试中职英语试题)________ beautiful park it is! I want to visit it again.
A.What B.What a C.How D.How a
【答案】B
【详解】考查感叹句。句意:多么美丽的公园啊!我想再去一次。感叹句中心词为可数名词单数park,需用“What a/an+形容词+可数名词单数+主语+谓语!”句型。形容词beautiful以辅音音素开头,不定冠词用a,故选B。
【变式】________ lovely dog it is! Everyone likes it.
A.What B.What a C.How D.How a
【答案】B
【详解】考查感叹句。句意:多么可爱的小狗啊!每个人都喜欢它。感叹句中心词是可数名词单数dog,用“What a/an+形容词+可数名词单数+主语+谓语!”句型。形容词lovely以辅音音素开头,不定冠词用a,符合“可数名词单数作中心词”的感叹句用法,故选B。
题型二 完形填空题
解|题|技|巧
1. 语境呼应:结合上下文逻辑(如去市场对应“买”年货),匹配符合场景的词汇。
2. 固定搭配:牢记核心短语(in charge of, make dumplings, play games),快速锁定答案。
3. 词性/主语匹配:如“度过假期”主语是人用spent,排除物作主语的cost/took。
易|错|点|拨
1. 固定搭配混淆:误将“负责”写成at charge of,“包饺子”写成do dumplings。
2. 动词主语误用:用cost/took搭配人作主语,忽略spent的主语为人的用法。
3. 场景词汇偏差:将“窗花”误选为pictures/fireworks,未识别decorations的泛指含义。
【典例1】(25-26高二上·湖南株洲·阶段练习)In China, the Spring Festival is one of the most important traditional festivals. Last Spring Festival, I 1 an unforgettable holiday with my family. On the morning of New Year’s Eve, we went to the market together and 2 a lot of New Year goods, 3 fish, meat, vegetables, and all kinds of fruits and candies. After returning home, we started to paste Spring Festival couplets and window 4 , and the house suddenly 5 cheerful.
In the afternoon, we began to prepare the New Year’s Eve dinner. My father was 6 charge of cooking fish, 7 that it represented having more than enough every year; my mother was busy 8 dumplings, symbolizing a continuous flow of wealth.
After dinner, we went to set off firecrackers. That night, we also 9 a lot of interesting games, such as guessing riddles and grabbing red envelopes. This Spring Festival,I not only felt the warmth of my family, but also 10 a lot about the knowledge and customs of the Spring Festival. I understand that the Spring Festival is not only a festival,but also a cultural inheritance and emotional exchange.
Now, I am already looking forward to the next Spring Festival. I believe that it will be a happier and more unforgettable festival.
1.A.spent B.cost C.pay D.took
2.A.sold B.bought C.lent D.borrowed
3.A.comparing B.including C.experiencing D.practising
4.A.pictures B.glasses C.decorations D.fireworks
5.A.moved B.touched C.became D.felt
6.A.of B.at C.on D.in
7.A.taking B.going C.saying D.bringing
8.A.making B.speaking C.playing D.running
9.A.danced B.sang C.played D.made
10.A.learned B.listened C.saw D.ate
【答案】
1.A 2.B 3.B 4.C 5.C 6.D 7.C 8.A 9.C 10.A
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者和家人一起过春节的难忘经历及感受。
1.考查动词词义辨析。句意:去年春节,我和家人度过了一个难忘的假期。A. spent度过;B. cost花费(主语为物);C. pay支付;D. took花费(主语为it)。根据“Last Spring Festival, I ... an unforgettable holiday with my family.”可知,此处指度过了一个难忘的假期,主语为人,应用spent。故选A。
2.考查动词词义辨析。句意:除夕早上,我们一起去市场买了很多年货,包括鱼、肉、蔬菜,还有各种水果和糖果。A. sold卖;B. bought买;C. lent借出;D. borrowed借入。根据“we went to the market together”以及“a lot of New Year goods”可知,此处指去市场买了很多年货。故选B。
3.考查动词词义辨析。句意:除夕早上,我们一起去市场买了很多年货,包括鱼、肉、蔬菜,还有各种水果和糖果。A. comparing比较;B. including包括;C. experiencing经历;D. practising练习。根据“a lot of New Year goods”以及空后“fish, meat, vegetables, and all kinds of fruits and candies”可知,此处列举了所买的年货,包括鱼、肉、蔬菜,还有各种水果和糖果。故选B。
4.考查名词词义辨析。句意:回到家后,我们开始贴春联和窗花,房子突然变得喜庆起来。A. pictures图片;B. glasses眼镜;C. decorations装饰品;D. fireworks烟花。前文描述了“paste Spring Festival couplets”,并列连词“and”连接同类事物,“window decorations”指窗花这些装饰品。故选C。
5.考查动词词义辨析。句意:回到家后,我们开始贴春联和窗花,房子突然变得喜庆起来。A. moved移动;B. touched触摸;C. became变得;D. felt感觉。根据前文“we started to paste Spring Festival couplets and window ...”可知,此处指房子变得喜庆起来。故选C。
6.考查介词词义辨析。句意:我爸爸负责做鱼,说这代表每年都有余;我妈忙着包饺子,象征着财富源源不断。A. of……的;B. at在;C. on在……之上;D. in在……方面。根据“My father was ... charge of cooking fish”可知,此处指爸爸负责烹制鱼,in charge of“负责”,固定搭配。故选D。
7.考查动词词义辨析。句意:我爸爸负责做鱼,说这代表每年都有余;我妈忙着包饺子,象征着财富源源不断。A. taking拿;B. going去;C. saying说;D. bringing带来。根据“My father was in charge of cooking fish, ... that it represented having more than enough every year”可知,此处指爸爸说鱼代表每年都有余。故选C。
8.考查动词词义辨析。句意:我爸爸负责做鱼,说这代表每年都有余;我妈忙着包饺子,象征着财富源源不断。A. making制作;B. speaking说;C. playing玩;D. running跑。根据空后“dumplings”可知,此处指妈妈忙着包饺子,make dumplings“包饺子”,固定搭配。故选A。
9.考查动词词义辨析。句意:那天晚上,我们还玩了很多有趣的游戏,比如猜谜语和抢红包。A. danced跳舞;B. sang唱歌;C. played玩;D. made制作。根据空后“a lot of interesting games”可知,此处指玩了很多有趣的游戏。故选C。
10.考查动词词义辨析。句意:这个春节,我不仅感受到了家人的温暖,还学到了很多关于春节的知识和习俗。A. learned学习;B. listened听;C. saw看见;D. ate吃。根据空后“a lot about the knowledge and customs of the Spring Festival”可知,此处指学到了很多关于春节的知识和习俗。故选A。
题型三 阅读理解题
解|题|技|巧
1. 题干定位:圈画题干关键词(如when/why/main color),快速锁定原文对应段落。
2. 原文匹配:带着关键词在原文找同义句或原句,对比选项与原文信息。
3. 排除干扰:排除与原文表述矛盾、无中生有的选项,精准匹配答案。
易|错|点|拨
1. 定位偏差:未找准题干关键词对应原文位置,误选邻近段落的干扰信息。
2. 细节混淆:混淆春节不同阶段的活动(如把除夕夜与春节期间的活动弄混)。
3. 信息遗漏:忽略原文明确表述的细节(如主色调、节日时长),凭常识误选。
(24-25高三·陕西·对口/高职单招)The Spring Festival is the most important festival in China. It usually comes in January or February. Before the Spring Festival, people are very busy.
First, people clean their houses. They believe cleaning can sweep away bad luck and bring good luck. Then, people go shopping to buy new clothes, food and decorations. Red is the main color for the festival because it symbolizes happiness and good fortune. You can see red lanterns hanging on the doors and red couplets pasted on the walls of many houses.
On New Year’s Eve, all family members get together to have a big dinner. This dinner is called “reunion dinner”. People eat many delicious foods, such as dumplings, fish and chicken. After dinner, families usually watch the Spring Festival Gala on TV. Some people also play cards or chat with each other. At midnight, people set off fireworks to welcome the new year.
During the Spring Festival, people visit their relatives and friends. They give red envelopes (called “hongbao”) to children. The red envelopes usually have some money inside, which is a wish for good luck. People also say greetings like “Happy New Year” to each other.
The Spring Festival usually lasts for 15 days. The last day of the festival is the Lantern Festival, when people eat sweet dumplings and watch lantern shows.
1.When does the Spring Festival usually come?
A.In March or April B.In May or June C.In January or February D.In September or October
2.Why do people clean their houses before the Spring Festival?
A.To make the house look beautiful B.To sweep away bad luck and bring good luck
C.To welcome relatives and friends D.To prepare for the reunion dinner
3.What is the main color for the Spring Festival?
A.Red B.Green C.Yellow D.Blue
4.What do people do on New Year’s Eve?
A.Visit relatives B.Give red envelopes to children
C.Have a reunion dinner D.Watch lantern shows
5.How long does the Spring Festival usually last?
A.5 days B.10 days C.15 days D.20 days
【答案】1.C 2.B 3.A 4.C 5.C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文中介绍在春节前,除夕夜及春节期间人们所做的事情。
1.细节理解题。根据第一段“It usually comes in January or February. (它通常在一月和二月。)”可知,春节通常在一月或二月。故选C。
2.细节理解题。根据第二段“They believe cleaning can sweep away bad luck and bring good luck. (他们相信打扫能扫除霉运,带来好运。)”可知,打扫房子是为了扫走霉运、带来好运。故选B。
3.细节理解题。根据第二段“Red is the main color for the festival because it symbolizes happiness and good fortune. (红色是这个节日的主色调,因为它象征着幸福与好运。)”可知,红色是春节的主色调。故选A。
4.细节理解题。根据第三段“On New Year’s Eve, all family members get together to have a big dinner. (除夕之夜,所有家庭成员聚在一起享用丰盛的年夜饭。)”可知,除夕夜,他们要吃团圆饭。故选C。
5.细节理解题。根据最后一段“The Spring Festival usually lasts for 15 days (春节通常持续15天)”可知,春节持续15天。故选C。
题型四 补充对话题
解|题|技|巧
1. 答语匹配:根据答语类型(如“I’d love to”对应邀请,“You are welcome”对应感谢)锁定选项。
2. 语境衔接:结合上下文话题(如端午谈粽子、日期聊节日),选择逻辑连贯的句子。
3. 排除法:先排除与话题矛盾(如B“讨厌粽子”)或无关(如D“不这么认为”)的选项。
易|错|点|拨
1. 答语对应失误:误将邀请句匹配非邀请答语,或感谢句与非感谢回应搭配。
2. 话题偏离:选择与上下文话题无关的选项,忽略对话围绕端午吃粽子的核心。
3. 逻辑断裂:未关注句子衔接,如跳过“问对方是否吃粽子”直接发出邀请。
【典例1】(23-24高二下·湖南衡阳·阶段练习)补全对话
A:What’s the date today?
B: It’s June 16.
A: 1 Then it’s Dragon Boat Festival today, isn’t it?
B: Yes. 2
A: Did you have rice dumplings this morning?
B: Sure. 3
A: I didn’t.
B: What a pity! But I happen to have got some with me. 4
A: I’d love to. By the way, why do you call it Dragon Boat Festival?
B: Because in China, people race dragon boats this day every year.
A: Oh, I see. 5
B: You are welcome.
A.We Chinese usually eat rice dumplings this day.
B.I hate eating rice dumplings.
C.Thank you for your rice dumpling.
D.I don’t think so.
E.Would you like to have one?
F.Already?
G.How about you?
【答案】1.F 2.A 3.G 4.E 5.C
【导语】这是一则谈论端午节的对话。
1.根据“It’s June 16. (今天6月16日。)”及下文“Then it’s Dragon Boat Festival today, isn’t it? (那么今天是端午节了,对吗?)”可知,此处谈论时间。选项F“已经?”符合题意。故选F。
2.根据“Did you have rice dumplings this morning? (你今天吃粽子了吗?)”和下文“Sure. (当然。)”可知,此处谈论吃粽子。选项A“我们中国人通常这天吃粽子。”符合题意。故选A。
3.根据答语“I didn’t. (我没有。)”及“But I happen to have got some with me. (我恰巧带了些。)”可知,此处问对方有无吃粽子。选项G“你呢?”符合题意。故选G。
4.根据答语“I’d love to. (我乐意。)”可知,空处应是发出邀请。选项E“你愿意吃一个吗?”符合题意。故选E。
5.根据答语“You are welcome. (不客气。)”可知,空处表示对对方的感谢。选项C“谢谢你的粽子。”符合题意。故选C。
题型五 汉译英题
解|题|技|巧
1. 抓核心结构:先确定主谓宾,再补充固定搭配(如share sth. with sb.)或句型(spend+金钱+doing)。
2. 辨时态标志:根据“正在”“将”等词,锁定现在进行时(be+doing)、一般将来时(will+动词原形)。
3. 记固定表达:重点积累“参加”“盼着”等对应短语(take part in, look forward to),避免直译。
易|错|点|拨
1. 固定搭配失误:如把“盼着”写成look forward,漏加to;“spend”后接to do,忽略doing用法。
2. 时态混淆:“正在准备”误用一般现在时prepare,未用are preparing。
3. 短语混用:“参加比赛”错用join(接组织),未用take part in(接活动)。
【典例 1】(24-25高一上・ 洛阳期中)我愿意跟你分享我的故事。(汉译英)
______________________________________________________________________
【答案】I am willing to share my story with you.
【详解】考查固定搭配。我:I,作主语;愿意:be willing to,作谓语;跟你分享我的故事:share my story with you,“share sth. with sb.” 为固定搭配,故译为上述句子。
【典例 2】(25-26高一上・广东专项练习)我将参加英语演讲比赛。(汉译英)
______________________________________________________________________
【答案】I will take part in the English speech contest.
【详解】考查一般将来时及固定短语。我:I,作主语;将参加:will take part in,“take part in” 为固定短语表 “参加”,will 表将来;英语演讲比赛:the English speech contest,作宾语,故译为上述句子。
【典例 3】(24-25高一上・河北专项练习)我们正在为英语考试做准备。(汉译英)
______________________________________________________________________
【答案】We are preparing for the English exam.
【详解】考查现在进行时及固定搭配。我们:We,作主语;正在为…… 做准备:are preparing for,“prepare for” 为固定搭配,现在进行时结构为 “be+doing”;英语考试:the English exam,作宾语,故译为上述句子。
【典例 4】(25-26高一上・河北期中)我盼着过中秋节。(汉译英)
______________________________________________________________________
【答案】I am looking forward to the Mid-Autumn Festival.
【详解】考查固定短语。我:I,作主语;盼着:am looking forward to,“look forward to” 为固定短语,后接名词;中秋节:the Mid-Autumn Festival,作宾语,故译为上述句子。
【典例 5】(23-24高一上 ・内蒙古期中)我花了 1000 元买这辆自行车。(汉译英)
______________________________________________________________________
【答案】I spent 1000 yuan buying this bike.
【详解】考查固定句型。我:I,作主语;花(钱)买……:spent...buying...,“spend + 金钱 + doing sth.” 为固定句型;1000 元:1000 yuan;这辆自行车:this bike,作宾语,故译为上述句子。
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