Unit 7 Reading2随堂学习案 2025-2026学年译林版英语八年级上册

该初中英语学案聚焦英文阅读解题技巧核心知识点，系统梳理答题逻辑、分题型策略（细节理解、主旨大意等）及高效解题步骤，通过“技巧讲解-阅读专项练习”的学习支架，引导学生从方法掌握到实践应用，夯实阅读能力培养脉络。 资料亮点在于结构化阅读策略与主题式练习结合，分题型技巧具体可操作，解题步骤培养学生定位信息、分析推断的思维品质，阅读材料贴合自然世界主题，强化语言能力的同时，习题设计注重逻辑匹配与避坑训练，提升学习能力，助力学生高效掌握阅读方法。

Grade 8 /Unit 7/Reading2 华侨双语初中部 英语随堂师生练习案 Class Name Unit 7:The natural world Lesson Type: Exercise Producer:青山 Reviewer:八年级备课组 英文阅读解题技巧： 一、答题核心逻辑: 先题后文，定位找依据，不主观臆断，答案必在原文中。 二、分题型技巧 1. 细节理解题（占比最高）:①关键词定位：圈题干中的人名、数字、专有名词、特殊动词，回原文找对应句。 ②同义替换：答案常是原文内容的同义改写（如buy=purchase，big=large），注意识别。 2. 主旨大意题①看首尾：首段/尾段大概率含主旨，重点抓主题句（常是首句/尾句）。②避细节：选项若只讲文中某一点，不是主旨；优先选概括性强、包含核心话题的选项。 3. 推理判断题①不选原句：答案需基于原文推理，原文直接出现的内容排除。②抓态度：通过作者用词（褒义/贬义）判断观点，客观题不选极端表述（only、never、all）。 4. 词义猜测题:①上下文找线索：看前后的同义句、反义句、举例、因果关系，推断词义。②构词法辅助：记前缀（un-否定，re-重复）、后缀（-ful形容词，-ment名词）。 三、高效解题步骤①读题干：圈关键词，明确题型和提问重点，不看选项。②扫原文：定位关键词对应段落，精读相关句子，略读无关内容。③对选项：逐一匹配原文，排除矛盾、无依据、极端的选项，锁定答案。 四、避坑提醒：注意时态、数量、范围陷阱（如题干是过去时，选项是现在时）。 阅读专项 自主空间 (A) Covered by snow and ice, Antarctica(南极洲) is the coldest and most mysterious continent(大陆) on earth. However, this wild place still attracts people who wish to go there. Antarctica is a good place to research the land, ocean, air, ice shelves and biology. Antarctica also has rich sources (来源) of coal, fresh water and seafood. More than 30 countries have built research stations in Antarctica. During the past 40 years, China has built these stations: Changcheng, Zhongshan, Taishan, Kunlun and Qinling. With the average temperature of -25℃ to -30℃ in Antarctica, scientists there don't have many choices for travelling. If the weather is good, scientists will go outside to collect samples(标本) of water, rocks and other things. There are all kinds of laboratories at their stations. However, they do more than just research. The scientists there have found many ways to relax. At Zhongshan Station, for example, there is a field where they can play basketball, volleyball and badminton. Zhongshan Station is not far from stations built by Russia, India and Australia. Sometimes, people from the four stations will meet and hold big parties and sports events. Although life in Antarctica can be hard, people there get to learn more about the unknown world and enjoy the beauty of nature. That might be the best part of visiting the area. ( )1. How many research stations has China built in Antarctica so far? A. Three. B. Four. C. Five. D. Six. ( )2. Which word can take the place of the underlined word “average” in Paragraph 4? A. high B. common C. quick D. hot ( )3. We can infer ______ when the weather is too cold or windy in Antarctica. A. scientists have to stay indoors B. scientists hold sports events C. scientists can play basketball D. scientists will collect samples ( )4. What can we learn from the text? A. Antarctica is the hottest continent on earth. B. Antarctica is rich in forest and seafood. C.Scientists there have found many ways to travel around.D.Scientists get to learn more about the unknown world. (B) A group of scientists finished a 10-year project to count the number of tuna (金枪鱼) and other large fish in the world's ocean. 1.______ That is these fish are almost gone. 2.______ When there are fewer and fewer fish like tuna in the ecosystem, the ocean's food chain (食物链) will be broken. Animals like sharks may die as they can't find food—tuna. Many people around the world get their protein (蛋白质) from fish. 3.______ Because of overfishing, almost ninety per cent of the world's large fish have disappeared (消失). And these large fish are the ones we usually eat. Besides, the nets (网) we use for fishing also cause harm to the ocean. The bottom net is huge and heavy. 4.______ At the same time, it also catches much unwanted wildlife. Even worse, the bottom net hurts the ocean floor and destroys natural places. Plants and animals usually grow or live there. ( A. So the need for fish is growing. B. So the need for fish is dropping. C. This is a warning (警告) against overfishing. D. There was a very surprising finding. E. It catches more than enough shellfish. F. The losing of the large fish can cause a disaster in our ocean. G. The things we do seem small, but they can make a big difference if we work together. )Hearing the news, do you feel that it is urgent (急迫的) to protect the ocean? As students, we can also do our part to protect the ocean. 5.______ Years later, we can see different kinds of fish in the ocean. 第一步：通读全文，把握主旨 快速浏览短文，不纠结空格，明确文章核心话题：本文围绕“海洋大型鱼类因过度捕捞减少、渔具危害海洋，呼吁保护海洋”展开，整体是“提出问题—分析危害—给出呼吁”的逻辑。 第二步：逐空分析，定位逻辑线索 空1:看前句：“科学家完成了10年的金枪鱼和大型鱼类计数项目”； 看后句：“That is these fish are almost gone（也就是说这些鱼几乎消失了）”；找线索：后句是对前文内容的具体解释，空格处应起到“引出项目发现”的作用，需匹配能体现“发现结果”的选项。 空2:看后句：“当生态系统中金枪鱼等鱼类减少，海洋食物链会断裂，鲨鱼可能因没食物死亡”；找线索：后句描述的是“大型鱼类减少带来的严重后果”，空格处应起到“总起该段危害”的作用，需匹配能体现“大型鱼类消失的负面影响”的选项。 空3:看前句：“全世界很多人从鱼身上获取蛋白质”；看后句：“因为过度捕捞，全球近90%的大型鱼类消失了”；找线索：前句说明人类对鱼类的需求，后句讲过度捕捞的结果，空格处需建立“人类需求”和“过度捕捞”的关联，匹配体现“鱼类需求变化”的选项。 空4:看前句：“底拖网又大又重”；看后句：“同时，它也会捕捉大量非目标野生生物”； 找线索：后句的“At the same time”表明空格处和后句是并列关系，均描述底拖网的危害，需匹配能体现“底拖网捕捞相关危害”的选项。 空5:看前句：“作为学生，我们也能尽自己的一份力保护海洋”；看后句：“多年后，我们能在海洋里看到各种鱼类”；找线索：前句讲学生的行动，后句讲行动带来的美好结果，空格处需体现“个人小行动的意义”，匹配能衔接“行动”与“结果”的选项。 第三步：代入验证，排除干扰项:1将初步匹配的选项代入空格，通读整句及前后文，检查逻辑是否通顺、语义是否连贯；2排除明显不符的选项：如和上下文话题无关、逻辑矛盾的选项（比如空2若选“捕捞的警告”，则和后句“食物链断裂”的危害描述衔接不上，可直接排除）。 学习所得： ( 1 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $