Unit8 Detective stories讲义 2025-2026学年译林版九年级英语上册

该初中英语单元复习讲义通过表格对比、知识框架图系统梳理了Detective stories单元的核心知识，将词汇辨析（如missing/gone/lost）、语法要点（限制性定语从句）、短语用法（如be charged with）按“词汇-语法-技能”递进关系组织，用思维导图呈现“侦探案件”主题词汇网络，清晰展现重难点内在联系。 讲义亮点在于“情境化案例分析”的练习设计，如结合警方报告训练contact、witness等词汇的语境运用，通过“推理判断法”指导阅读理解题（如推断嫌疑人动机），培养思维品质和语言能力。单元大归纳的“用法集萃”（如see sb. doing sth.）帮助基础薄弱学生掌握基础，“语法剖析”的关系代词用法详解助力优秀学生深化理解，为教师分层教学和学生自主复习提供精准支持。

牛津版 9A unit8 Detective stories Comic strip 卡通漫画 要点解析 1. Why are you dressed like that, Eddie? 为什么你穿得那样，埃迪？（106页） 解析：be dressed意为“穿着衣服”，强调一种状态，其后常接介词 in,意为“穿着……”。 Eg: The young man was poorly dressed. 这个年轻人衣着寒酸。 The girl is dressed in red. 这个女孩穿着红色的衣服。 【拓展】dress用作及物动词，意为“给···穿衣服”。此时，宾语通常只能是人，而不能是衣服。当表示自己穿衣服时，用反身代词。 Eg: She dressed the children well. 她给孩子们穿得很好。 The baby is too young to dress himself. 这个婴儿太小,不能自己穿衣服。 2. A detective is someone who looks for clues to something important.侦探是为一些重要的事情寻找线索的人。（106页） 解析：detective名词，意为“侦探，警探”。 Eg: My uncle is a detective. 我叔叔是一名侦探。 Mr Brown is a famous detective. 布朗先生是一个著名的侦探。 【拓展】与“侦探”有关的词汇： case 案件 murder 谋杀 murderer 凶手 suspect 嫌疑人 police 警察 police officer 警官 assistant 助手 clue 线索 fingerprint 指纹 footprint 脚印 blood血 report 报告 note 记录 theft 盗窃 thief 小偷 rob 抢劫 robber 抢劫者 charge 指控 doctor 医生 lawyer 律师 scene 现场 accident 事故 guess 猜测 suppose 猜想 crime犯罪活动，罪行 3.A murder? 谋杀？（106页） 解析：murder 此处用作名词，意为“谋杀”。 Eg: A murder happened in the centre of the city last night. 昨天晚上在市中心发生了一起谋杀。 The young man was charged with murder. 这个年轻人被指控谋杀。 【拓展】①murder 还可用作及物动词，意为“谋杀”。 Eg: The old lady was murdered last year. 那位老妇人去年被谋杀了。 ②murderer 意为“杀人犯，凶手”。 Eg: One of these men is the murderer. 这些人中有一个是凶手。 4. My food has gone missing.我的食物不见了。（106页） 解析：(1)go此处用作连系动词，意为“变得”，其过去式是 went,过去分词是 gone。 Eg; The food went bad. 食物变质了。 It nearly made me go mad. 那几乎使我发疯。 （2）missing 此处用作形容词，意为“失踪的，丢失的”。 Eg: It was only an hour later that I discovered that my gun was missing. 仅一个小时后,我发现我的枪不见了。 One person is still missing. 仍有一人失踪。 辨析：missing, gone 与lost missing 失踪了，不见了 强调某人或某物不在原处 My dictionary is missing. 我的词典不见了。 gone 丢了，没了 有一去不复返的意味 She found her necklace gone.她发现她的项链不见了。 lost 丢失的 有失去后难以回归的意味 The parents found the lost child at last.父母最后找到了丢失的孩子。 Welcome to the unit单元导入 要点解析 1. Read the police's report and the notes on the suspects.阅读警察关于犯罪嫌疑人的(调查)报告和笔录。（107页） 解析：report此处用作名词，意为“报告，报道”。 Eg: The report is not written by the teacher himself. 这份报告不是这位老师自己写的。 According to a report in the newspaper, the missing people have been found. 根据报纸报道，失踪的人已经找到了。 【拓展】report还可用作动词，意为“举报，报告”。 Eg: His wife reported him to the police a few days later. 几天后他妻子向警察举报了他。 I reported the theft to the police. 我向警察报告了这起盗窃案。 2.Appearance:medium height and untidy外貌：中等身高、不整洁（107页） 解析：(1) medium height 意为“中等身高”；类似的短语还有 medium build,意为“中等身材”。 Eg: The young man is of medium height. 这个年轻人中等身高。 My father is of medium baild. 我爸爸中等身材。 (2) untidy形容词，意为“不整洁的”。 Eg:The place quickly became untidy. 这个地方迅速变得凌乱了。 I can't read your untidy writing. 你的字太乱，我看不懂。 助记 un(否定前缀)+tidy(adj.,整洁的)→untidy(adj.,不整洁的) 3. Who do you think is not telling the truth? 你认为谁没说实话呢？（107页） 解析：truth名词，意为“事实，真相”；其对应的形容词是 true,意为“真实的，正确的”。 固定搭配：tell the truth意为“说实话”。 Eg: I must tell you the truth about this business. 我必须告诉你这桩交易的真相。 There is no truth in this story. 这个故事不真实。 4. I guess Jimmy White is lying.我猜吉米·怀特在说谎。( 107页) 解析：(1)guess此处用作及物动词，意为“猜，猜测”。 Eg: I guessed that he was a very successful publisher or a banker. 我猜测他是一位非常成功的出版商或银行家。 Can you guess the height of the tree? 你能猜出这棵树的高度吗？ I can guess what will happen next. 我能推测出接着会发生什么事。 （2）lie此处用作不及物动词，意为“说谎”，句中lying为lie的现在分词形式。 Eg: We all know he's lying.我们都知道他在说谎。 We should be honest. We shouldn't lie to our parents.我们应该诚实，我们不该向我们的父母说谎。 【拓展】与lie相关的单词： 词条 词义 过去式 过去分词 lie 说谎 lied lied 躺，位于 lay lain lay 产卵，放置 laid laid Reading 阅读 要点解析 1. They are still working at the scene of the crime to find out whether the victim was killed somewhere else and then brought to West Town, or killed at the place where he was found.为了查明受害人是在其他某个地方被杀，然后被带到西城，还是在发现他的地方被杀，他们仍在犯罪现场工作。（108页） 解析：somewhere副词，意为“在某处”，常用于肯定句中。 Eg: That village lies somewhere near the river.那个村庄位于这条河附近的某个地方。 They have to put their money somewhere. 他们必须把钱放在某个地方。 2."We're asking anyone who saw anything unusual near Corn Street last night to contact us," said Detective Lu, West Town's chief detective, "任何不寻常事情的人与我们联系，”西城的首席侦探陆警探说。（108页） 解析：contact此处用作及物动词，意为“联系”。 Eg: Please contact us on the Internet.请通过因特网和我们联系。 Have you already contacted them? 你已经联系他们了吗？ 【拓展】contact 还可用作名词，意为“联系”。make contact with… 意为“与……联系”， 固定搭配：Lose contact with 意为“与···失去联系”， be in contact with意为“与···有联系”。 3. The victim was wounded with a knife and bled to death as a result.受害人结果证实是被一把刀所伤并流血致死。（108页） 解析：（1）wound 及物动词，意为“使··受伤”。句中用了被动语态， 固定搭配：be wounded with sth. 意为“被……所伤”。 Eg: The hunter wounded a deer. 猎人打伤了一只鹿。 He was wounded with a gun. 他受了枪伤。 辨析：wound, hurt, injure与damage wound 枪伤、刀伤、刺伤等皮肉之伤，是出血的，严重的伤，特指战场上受伤 可指肉体上的伤害，也可指人们精神上的创伤 The bullet wounded his arm.子弹打伤了他的一只胳膊。 hurt 普通用词 既可指肉体上的伤害，也可指精神上、感情上的伤害 The driver hurt himself badly in the accident.那位司机在事故中伤得很重。 injure 损害健康、成就、容貌等 强调功能的丧失 A bullet injured his left eye.一颗子弹伤了他的左眼。 damage 强调对价值、用途、外观等造成的损失，这种损失或者是自然灾害所致，或者是人为造成 对物的损害 He damaged my car with a stone.他用石头砸坏了我的汽车。 (2) bleed此处用作不及物动词，意为“流血，出血”，其过去式为bled。 Eg: His head was bleeding at that time.那时他的头正在流血。 If you cut your finger, it will bleed. 如果你割破手指，它会流血。 【拓展】blood作名词，意为“血，血液”。 Eg: She lost a lot of blood in the accident,她在事故中流了很多血。 4. The police are also wondering if the victim had any enemies…警察也想知道是否受害 人有仇人。（109页） 解析：(1)police为集体名词，意为“警察”，通常被视作复数，作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。 Eg: The police have caught the thief.警察抓住了这个小偷。 (2) enemy此处用作可数名词，意为“敌人，仇人”。其反义词为friend“朋友”。 Eg: She's a dangerous enemy to have.有她这样的敌人是很危险的。 Birds are the natural enemies of many insect pests.鸟类是许多害虫的天敌。 5. He had many friends and a well-paid job.他有很多朋友和一份收入高的工作。（109页) 解析：well-paid形容词，意为“收入高的”。 Eg: Kate was well-paid and enjoyed her job. 凯特薪水很高，工作很开心。 She has an interesting, well-paid job, with many opportunities to travel. 她有一份有趣、薪水高的工作,有很多旅游的机会。 6. "He was charged with breaking into several computer systems over the last year, said Detective Lu. “他被指控在去年一年中闯入数个电脑系统,” 陆警探说。（109页） 解析：charge此处用作及物动词，意为“指控，控告”。 固定搭配：be charged with意为“被指控”。 Eg: We have the evidence to charge him.我们有证据指控他。 They charged that the young man had beaten the student to death. 他们指控这个年轻人将那个学生殴打致死。 She has not been charged with any crime.她还没被控告犯下任何罪行。 【拓展】①charge用作及物动词，还可意为“收费”。 Eg: Does the bank charge a fee for setting up the account? 在这家银行开设账户要收费吗？ ②charge作名词，意为“费用，价钱，负责”。 Eg: The shop will fit them for a small extra charge. 商店会把它们安装好，但要收取一笔小小的额外费用。 ③相关短语： free of charge免费 be in charge of负责，主管 be in the charge of由·.负责，由...主管 ②break into意为“强行闯人”。 Eg: No one saw him try to break into the house.没有人看见他试图闯进那所房子。 The police broke into the building after an hour.一小时后警察强行闯入大楼。 【拓展】break the silence打破寂静 break away 脱离出去 break a record打破纪录 break sb.'s heart 使某人伤心（心碎） 7. We suppose that the victim knew his murderer…我们推断受害人认识凶手。(109页) 解析：suppose此处用作及物动词，意为“猜想，假定，料想”。 Eg: Where do you suppose he has gone? 你猜想他去哪里了呢？ He supposed that he had left his umbrella on the bus.他以为他把雨伞忘在公共汽车上了。 【拓展】be supposed to 意为“应该”，相当于 should。 Eg: They are supposed to arrive before dark.他们应该在天黑前到达。 8. So far, the only suspect is a short thin man who was seen running down Corn Street at10 p.m. last night.到目前为止，唯一的犯罪嫌疑人是一个矮瘦的人，有人看见他昨晚10点的时候正在沿着玉米街跑。（109页） 解析：only此处用作形容词，意为“仅有的，唯一的”。 Eg: She is the only woman in our department. 她是我们部门唯一的女性。 He is the only person for the position. 他是此职位唯一的人选。 【拓展】①only 还可用作副词，意为“仅仅”。 Eg: I'm only a student. 我只是个学生。 ②not only… but also… 意为“不但……而且……”。 它连接两个并列成分作主语时，谓语动词遵循“就近一致”原则。 Eg: Not only the students but also the teacher was invited. 不仅学生们受到邀请，而且那位教师也受到邀请。 9. A witness reported that he was breathing heavily and had blood on his shirt.一个目击者报告说，他喘着粗气，他的衬衫上有血。（109页） 解析：(1)witness 此处作可数名词，意为“目击者，证人”。 Eg: He is the only witness to the robbery. 他是这起抢劫案的唯一目击者。 【拓展】witness作动词，意为“目击，亲眼看见”。 Eg: He witnessed an accident. 他目击了一场事故（的发生）。 (2)breathe此处用作不及物动词，意为“呼吸”。 Eg: He stood there breathing deeply. 他站在那儿深深地呼吸着。 The room was full of smoke, and it was difficult to breathe.房间里满是烟，呼吸很困难。 We all want to breathe clean air. 我们都想呼吸清新的空气。 【拓展】①breathing 名词，意为“呼吸”。 Eg: His breathing was deep and regular. 他的呼吸深沉而均匀。 ②breath 名词，意为“呼出的气”。 Eg: Let your breath out slowly.慢慢呼吸。 ③heavily副词，意为“沉重地，猛烈地”。 Eg: The army lost heavily. 军队损失惨重。 “I didn't even think about her,” he said heavily. “我甚至都没想到过她,” 他沉重地说。 The wind is blowing heavily. 风刮得正大。 Grammar语法 要点解析 1. The elderly couple were very sad to hear that their only son was murdered.这对老夫妻听到他们的独生子被谋杀感到很悲伤。（112页） 解析：elderly形容词，意为“年老的，上了年纪的”。 Eg: The elderly woman was listening to music when I came in. 我进来时，这位老妇人正在听音乐。 【拓展】elder形容词，意为“年龄大的（尤指哥哥和姐姐）”。 Eg: His elder brother is a teacher.他哥哥是一名老师。 ②couple名词，意为“夫妇，一对”。 Eg: The couple have no children. 这对夫妇没有孩子。 They visited an elderly couple yesterday.昨天他们拜访了一对老夫妇。 【拓展】a couple of 意为“一对，一双”。 Eg: There are a couple of girls waiting for you.有两个女孩在等你。 2. The police are now checking the scene for fingerprints and other clues that may help solve the case.警察现在正在检查现场，查找帮助破案的指纹和其他线索。（112页) 解析：fingerprint可数名词，意为“指纹”。 Eg: The police solved the case according to the fingerprints.警察根据这些指纹破了案。 助记---finger(n.手指)+print(n.印记，印痕)→fingerprint(n.指纹) 3. There was probably more than one person who had something to do with the murder.或许不止一个人与这起谋杀案有关。（112页） 解析：(1)probably副词，意为“或许，大概”。 Eg：That is probably a mistake.那或许是个错误。 Probably the answer is both.或许答案是双向的。 辨析：probably, perhaps与maybe probably 或许；大概 肯定的成分比较大，是most likely(最可能)的意思 perhaps 也许 可能性居中,比较口语化,含有“也许如此,也许不如此”之意,与 possible大体同义 maybe 或许 比perhaps普通，但不够庄重 （2 ）have something to do with 意为“与···有关”；其反义短语是 have nothing to do with,意为“与··无关”。 Eg: The girl has something to do with it. 这个女孩与这件事有关。 This could have something to do with that old photo.这可能和那张旧照片有关。 I have nothing to do with that case.我和那件案子无关。 She said she has nothing to do with that old man.她说她和那个老人无关。 4. Well, it turned out that he had nothing to do with this case.嗯，结果是他与这个案子 无关。（114页） 解析：turn out意为“原来是结果是”。 Eg; How do you think the match will turn out? 你认为比赛结果会是怎样？ 【拓展】含turn的常用短语： turn on 打开 turn off 关掉，关闭 turn up开大（音量等） turn down关小（音量等） turn into变成 turn in交上 turn back 往回走 turn round转身，转变 5. He was in a hurry to catch a bus! 他匆匆忙忙去赶公共汽车！（114页） 解析：(1)in a hurry意为“急忙，赶快”。 Eg: Our math teacher went in a hurry.我们的数学老师匆匆忙忙地走了。 He put on his clothes in a hurry.他急忙穿上衣服。 (2) catch a/the bus 意为“赶公共汽车”。 Eg: Don't try to catch a bus. Get a shared taxi. 不要设法去赶公共汽车，和别人合租一辆出租车。 Get up, John, or we won't catch the bus.起床了，约翰，否则我们就赶不上公共汽车了。 Integrated skill综合技能 要点解析 1. The kidnapping 绑架案（115页） 解析：kidnapping 此处用作名词，意为“绑架，劫持”。 Eg: She said that she had nothing to do with the kidnapping.她说她和这起绑架案无关。 The two men are involved in the kidnapping. 这两个人涉及绑架。 【拓展】kidnap 及物动词，意为“绑架，劫持”。 Eg: The young man kidnapped a girl last night. 这个年轻人昨晚绑架了一个女孩。 The manager was kidnapped. 经理被绑架了。 2.six months in prison坐牢6个月（115页） 解析：in prison 意为“坐牢”。 Eg: He was in prison for two months before he broke out. 他越狱逃走之前坐牢两个月。 【拓展】①in the prison 意为“在监狱里”。Eg: His father works in the prison.他父亲在监狱工作。 ②有the无 the 意义不相同的短语：(有the表地点，无the表动作) at table 吃饭 at the table在桌旁 go to school上学 go to the school 去学校 in hospital 住院 in the hospital在医院 in charge of负责，管理 in the charge of 在···的管理下 in front of在…....（外部的）前面 in the front of在···（内部的）前面 3. Mr Wu is asking the Class 1, Grade 9 students to think of some safety tips against crime.吴老师正要求九年级一班的学生想一些安全提示预防犯罪。（116页） 解析：safety名词，意为“安全，保险”；其反义词为danger,意为“危险”。 Eg: She also worries about her safety and that of her kids.她还担心她和孩子的安全。 The safety of our employees is always the most important thing. 我们员工的安全总是最重要的事情。 The patient is now out of danger. 病人现在已脱离危险。 【拓展】safe形容词，意为“安全的”；其反义词为dangerous,意为“危险的”。 Eg: Is it safe to swim here? 在这儿游泳安全吗？ It is dangerous for a girl to walk alone at night. 对一个女孩子来说，晚上独自走路很危险。 4. And we'd better shut all the windows too.我们最好把所有的窗户也关上。（116页) 解析：(1)had better do sth.意为“最好做某事”，用于表示对别人的劝告、建议或一种愿望。其否定形式是在 had better后加 not。 Eg: You'd better have a rest. 你最好休息一下。 You'd better not miss the last bus.你最好不要错过末班公共汽车。 (2)shut此处用作及物动词，意为“关上，封闭，合拢”。 Eg: Make sure you shut the gate.你务必关上那扇大门。 His eyes were shut and he seemed to have fallen asleep. 他的双眼闭着,看上去像是已经睡着了。 Shut your mouth, and open your eyes.闭上嘴巴，睁开眼睛。 Task任务 要点解析： 1. Bruce gets along with all of his neighbours except the man who lives next door. 除了住在隔壁的那个人，布鲁斯与他的邻居都和睦相处。（118页） 解析：get along with意为“与···和睦相处”，与 get on with 同义。 get along/on well with意为“与···相处得很好”。 Eg: The people there get along/on well with each other. 那儿的人们彼此相处得很好。 You have to be happy with yourself before you can expect to get along/on with others. 你必须首先让自己快乐，然后才能期望和别人和睦相处。 2. The policeman told him that some valuable jewellery had been stolen. 警察告诉他一些贵重的珠宝被偷了。（118页） 解析：steal此处用作及物动词，意为“偷，窃取”，其过去式为 stole,过去分词为 stolen。He was accused of stealing a small boy's bicycle.他被指控偷了一个小男孩的自行车。 Eg: His expensive car was stolen last week.他昂贵的小汽车上周被偷了。 The thief stole her bag.小偷偷走了她的包。 单元大归纳 【短语归纳】 学科网 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1.look for寻找 2. tell the truth 说实话 3. of medium height中等身高 4. take place 发生 5. find out 找出，查明 6. as a result 结果 7. according to 根据 8. break into强行闯入 9.turn out 原来是，结果是 10.in a hurry急忙，赶快 11.catch a bus赶公共汽车 12. in prison 坐牢 13. be wounded with 被···所伤 【用法集萃】 1.much修饰形容词的比较级··得多 2. be charged with doing sth.被指控做某事 3.should+动词原形应该做某事 4. have nothing to do with与.无关 5. see sb. doing sth.看见某人正在做某事 6. get along/on with sb.与某人和睦相处 7. need to do sth.需要做某事 8. remember to do sth.记得要做某事 9. plan to do sth.计划做某事 10. guard against sth.防范/提防某事 语法---限制性定语从句和关系代词 【教材典句】 1. We're now checking the scene for more clues which will help solve the case.我们现在正在检查现场，查找更多有助于侦破此案的线索。 2. So far, the only suspect is a short thin man who was seen running down Corn Street at10 p. m. last night.到目前为止，唯一的犯罪嫌疑人是一个矮瘦的人，有人看见他昨晚10点的时候正在沿着玉米街跑。 3. The victim's parents have offered a reward of 50, 000 for any information that leads to the arrest of the murderer. 受害人的父母愿意出五万元人民币对任何有助于抓获凶手的信息给予奖励。 解析： 句1中 which will help solve the case 是 which引导的定语从句，修饰前面的名词clues;句2中 who was seen running down Corn Street at 10 p. m. last night是 who引 导的定语从句，修饰前面的名词man;句3中 that leads to the arrest of the murderer 是that引导的定语从句，修饰前面的名词 information。 【语法剖析】 在复合句中，定语从句用来修饰一个名词或代词。其中被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。定语从句通常出现在先行词之后，由关系词（关系代词或关系副词）引导。who, that, which是最常用的引导定语从句的关系代词。关系代词所代替的先行词是表示人或物的名词或代词，关系代词在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。 Eg: Is he the man who/that wants to see you? 他就是想见你的那个人吗？ A plane is a machine which/that can fly.飞机是会飞的机器。 The bag that/which you are carrying is from London.你拿的包来自伦敦。 1.关系代词who指人，在定语从句中作主语或宾语。 Eg: Yesterday I helped an old man who lost his way.昨天我帮助了一位迷路的老人。 Mr Lin is just the man who I want to interview.林先生就是我想采访的人。 2.关系代词which指物，在定语从句中作主语或宾语。 Eg: The building which stands near my school is a supermarket. 我学校旁边的那幢大楼是一家超市。 This is the fridge which he bought yesterday.这就是他昨天买的电冰箱。 3.关系代词that指人时，相当于who;指物时，相当于which。 注意: 定语从句中的关系代词作宾语时可省略。 Eg: Mary likes music that is quiet and gentle.玛丽喜欢轻柔的音乐。 The coat (that)I tried on this morning is quite nice.我今早试穿的那件外套真漂亮。 在含有定语从句的复合句中，如果关系代词作从句的主语，则从句中谓语动词的人称和数与先行词保持一致。 Eg: Now we have ten classes which learn French.现在我们有10个学法语的班。 He is a man who is of value to the people.他是一个有益于人民的人。 助记--定语从句的关系代词: which表物，人用 who,人、物都有 that顾； who作主语很称职，whom用到宾语里。 “推理判断法”解阅读理解题 在阅读过程中，有些题目常常需要我们作出推理判断。所谓推理判断，就是以文章所提供的事实为依据，经过分析思考得出结论。正确的推理判断是进一步理解文章内容与深层含义的关键。这类试题常以如下句式发问： What's the writer's attitude towards...? 作者对于···的态度是什么？ What can we infer from the passage? 从文章中我们可以推断出什么？ Which statement is(not) true? 哪一项陈述是（不）正确的？ What's the main idea of the passage? 文章的主旨大意是什么？ 我们在阅读时，首先，要抓住文章的主题和细节，分析文章结构，根据上下文的内在联系，挖掘文章的深层含义。其次，对于暗含在文章中的人物的行为动机、事件的因果关系及作者未言明的意图及观点等要进行合乎逻辑的判断、推理、分析，进一步增强理解能力，抓住材料实质性的东西。 【经典范文】 How to keep safe? As teenagers, we should always keep safety in mind. But how can we keep safe? Here are some of my suggestions. First, we should be careful when we make friends, especially on line. Second, if we are in danger, we must call the police for help in time so that we can keep ourselves safe. Also, we ought to eat healthily and safely. Eating food that goes bad will do harm to our health. Last but not least, summer is coming, and we must remember it's dangerous to swim in the river. In short, safety must come first! $