专题05 重点语法分类练习（期末专项训练）五年级英语上学期（外研版三起）

专题05 重点语法分类练习50题（期末专项训练） 五年级英语上学期（外研版三起）【语法考点一】时态辨析：一般过去时、一般现在时 【语法考点二】There be句型 【语法考点三】情态动词can 【语法考点一】时态辨析 一般现在时 一般过去时 含义 经常性、习惯性动作；客观事实；当前状态 过去某时发生的动作；过去的状态（已结束） 时间标志词 always、usually、every day/week、often、sometimes yesterday、last week/month、...ago、in 2020、just now 动词形式 主语三单：动词加 s/es（如 play→plays）；其余用原形 规则动词加 ed（如 play→played）；不规则动词用过去式（如 go→went） 例句 1. She drinks milk every morning.（习惯） 2. Water boils at 100℃.（真理） 1. She drank milk this morning.（过去动作） 2. They went to the park yesterday.（过去经历） 考点精练 一、单项选择。 ( ) 1．Nancy is good _________ basketball. A．in B．at C．for ( ) 2．I want to ________ in your team. A．am B．be C．is ( ) 3．Her school ______ at nine o’clock in the morning every day. A．begin B．start C．starts ( ) 4．—What time do you get up? —I get up ________ seven o’clock ________ the morning. A．at; on B．in; on C．at; in ( ) 5．Sam ____ his cap yesterday. A．lose B．lost C．is losing ( ) 6．She didn’t _______ clothes. A．washed B．wash C．washes ( ) 7．【文化素养】Confucius ________ born in 551BC. A．was B．is C．were ( ) 8．—What’s the matter __________ you? —I lost my shirt. A．to B．at C．with ( ) 9．It ________ us one hour and twenty minutes. A．did B．take C．took ( ) 10．— How did you go there? —______. A．I went to London B．I went there by train C．I go there by bus 二、用所给单词的适当形式填空。 11．Did you (arrive) in Changchun yesterday? 12．I (run) to the car yesterday. 13．What (do) you see yesterday? 14．What time do the children (do) exercise in the playground? 15．【生活常识】In China, school always (start) at 8:30. 16．The big room is (Amy). 三、句型转换。 17．I go to school every day. (就划线部分提问) 18．They went into the classroom. (就划线部分提问) 19．We skipped with Amy. (改为否定句) 20．We do morning exercises every day. (变为一般疑问句) 【语法考点二】There be句型 一、定义： there be 句型表示 “(某处) 有某人或某物”。be 动词后面的名词或名词词组是句子的主语，主语后常接表地点的状语。be 动词的形式是由其后最近的名词决定的。 二、there be 句型的结构： 句式 结构 注意 肯定句 There be (is /are)+ 某物 / 人 + 其他. 否定句 There be (is /are)+ not + 某物 / 人 + 其他. ①be 动词可以和 not 缩写。 ②在否定句中，通常用 any 代替 some。 一般疑问句 Be (Is / Are)+ there + 某物 / 人 + 其他？ ①肯定回答: Yes, there is /are. 否定回答: No, there isn’t /aren’t. ②在疑问句中，通常用 any 代替 some。 三、there be 句型的就近原则： there be 句型遵循就近原则，如果句子中只有一个主语时，be 动词应与其后的名词的单复数保持一致。 例：(1) There is an ice cream store in the east. 东边有一家冰激凌店。 (2) There are many restaurants in Chinatown. 唐人街里有许多餐馆。 如果句子中有两个或两个以上的主语时，be 动词的形式要跟离它最近的主语在数上保持一致。 例：(1) There is a book and two pencils on the desk. 书桌上有一本书和两支铅笔。 (2) There are two pencils and a book on the desk. 书桌上有两支铅笔和一本书。 考点精练 一、单项选择。 ( ) 1．There ______ three crayons, but there ______ four children.   A．are; is B．is; is C．are; are ( ) 2．Look at the picture. There ______ some sheep on the grass. A．am B．is C．are ( ) 3．There ______ so many pupils in your class. A．am B．is C．are ( ) 4．【跨学科·数学】There ______ 60 minutes in an hour. A．am B．are C．is ( ) 5．There ______ some juice in the bottle. A．is B．are C．any 二、用is/are填空。 6．There fifteen crayons in the box. 7．How many boys there in your class? 8．There some milk in the bottle. 9．There too many flowers on the mountains. 10．This my sister Amy. 三、【表文互换】阅读表格，判断正 (T) 误 (F)。 Sun School 80 pupils 30 girls 20 teachers Moon School 90 pupils 50 boys 30 teachers ( ) 11．There are eighty pupils in Sun School. ( ) 12．There are thirty teachers in Moon School. ( ) 13．There are forty girls in Sun School. ( ) 14．There are forty boys in Moon School. ( ) 15．There are fifty teachers in Sun School and Moon School. 【语法考点三】情态动词can 一、can 的含义：表示 “请求，允许”can表示 “会，能” 二、句型结构： 肯定句：主语 +can + 动词原形 (+ 其他). 例：He can play basketball. 他会打篮球。 一般疑问句：Can + 主语 + 动词原形 (+ 其他)? 肯定回答：Yes, 主语 + can. 否定回答：No, 主语 + can't. 例：—Can you play football?你会踢足球吗？ —Yes, I can. / No, I can't.是的，我会。/ 不，我不会。 特殊疑问句： (1) 特殊疑问词组 + 名词 + can + 主语 + 动词原形 (+ 其他)? 注意：该句型中的疑问词组常用 how many、how much 等。 例：—How many boats can you see on the lake?你能在湖上看见多少条船？ —Seven.七条。 (2) 特殊疑问词 + can + 主语 + 动词原形 (+ 其他)? 注意：该句型中的特殊疑问词常用 what、where、when 等，一般用肯定陈述句作答。 例：—What can you see in the photo?你能在照片中看到什么？ —I can see a bird.我能看到一只鸟。 记忆口诀： can 能用来表能力，但与实动不分离； 不管主语怎么变，can 的样子总不变； 只要句中出现 can，动词原形后面站； 一般疑问 can 提前，特殊疑问词后边。 考点精练 一、单项选择。 ( ) 1．Dogs can help us _____. A．a lot of B．a lot C．many ( ) 2．His mother is deaf. She can’t ________. A．hear B．see C．jump ( ) 3．【文化意识】Helen Keller is ______. She can’t see. A．deaf B．blind C．happy ( ) 4．I ______ sing it at all. A．can B．can’t C．am ( ) 5．Amy can ______ it well. A．play B．plays C．played ( ) 6．Xiaotiao can play ______ football. A．/ B．the C．a ( ) 7．—Can you wash your T-shirt? —______ A．Yes, you can. B．No, you can’t. C．Yes, I can. ( ) 8．You can ______ very fast. A．ran B．run C．runs ( ) 9．Can you ________ the ball well? A．catch B．catching C．catches ( ) 10．They like ______. They can ______ well. A．sing; sing B．singing; sing C．sings; sing ( ) 11．—Can Sam sing well? —No. But he can ______. A．runs fast B．runing fast C．run fast ( ) 12．I can play football ________. A．good B．well C．nice 二、仿写题。 例：Xiaoyong, carry a desk, Lanlan, not Xiaoyong can carry a desk, but Lanlan can’t. 13．Bill, play basketball, Sam, not 14．Lingling, play chess, I, not 15．Eric, read a book, his dog, not 参考答案 答案第1页，共2页 答案第1页，共2页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 【语法考点一】 1．B 2．B 3．C 4．C 5．B 6．B 7．A 8．C 9．C 10．B 11．arrive 12．ran 13．did 14．do 15．starts 16．Amy’s 17．What do you do every day? 18．Where did they go? 19．We didn’t skip with Amy. 20．Do you do morning exercises every day? 【语法考点二】 1．C 2．C 3．C 4．B 5．A 6．are 7．are 8．is 9．are 10．is 11．T 12．T 13．F 14．F 15．T 【语法考点三】 1．B 2．A 3．B 4．B 5．A 6．A 7．C 8．A 9．A 10．B 11．C 12．B 13．Bill can play basketball, but Sam can’t. 14．Lingling can play chess, but I can’t. 15．Eric can read a book, but his dog can’t. $