Unit 8 单元主题语篇阅读之任务型阅读10篇-2025-2026学年八年级英语上册单元重难点精讲精练全突破（人教版2024）

Unit 8 单元主题语篇阅读之任务型阅读10篇 1. Communication gap Shi Jianfei, 21, is a mechanical manufacturing and automation major at Beijing Information Science and Technology University. He encountered an academic problem during the summer vacation but it took him a lot of determination to finally approach his professor at school to solve the problem. To his surprise, the meeting turned out to be quite pleasant. But only a few students turn to their professors to ask for advice in solving problems or discuss academic topics with them. According to a poll of 2,636 college students conducted by MyCOS, a Beijing-based consultancy, more than a third of them contact their professors less than once a year. Although most students and teachers are willing to communicate with each other, it seems that an effective communication mechanism is absent. Shi says most of his professors share their contact details with students in the first class, but students tend not to take advantage of this. “Communication usually takes place in class or between classes, because it’s difficult to get in touch with professors at any other time,” he says. “University professors always look very busy.” Pressure However, from the faculty’s perspective, students are too cautious about communicating with professors. “They’re worried about asking questions they think may leave a bad impression,” says Du Xiguang, professor of chemistry at Northeast Normal University. Wu created a QQ group in which students can discuss various issues with him, ranging from academic topics to personal problems. “I find they are very talkative in this group because all of them are anonymous. But if they talk to me in person, they’re shy and nervous,” he says. His view is echoed by Wu Qian, 22, an English major at Tsinghua University. Wu admits that when she encounters problems she prefers talking to her classmates and upper classmen. “I think many students are too shy and passive, myself included. I feel more comfortable communicating with my peers,” she says. Different styles of teaching Cheng Haonan, 20, a space science and technology major at Nanjing University, offers another reason why students don’t form strong relationships with professors. “We only meet our professor once or twice a week. That’s a lot less than the frequency with which we met our teachers in high school. Some professors can’t even remember my name,” says Cheng. Du also attributes the shyness of many students to a change in teaching styles. In primary school, Chinese students get used to talking with their teachers because they’re like “nannies” who not only teach, but also watch out for their students’ personal development. “In college, such communication isn’t compulsory anymore and students aren’t pushed to discuss their ideas with professors,” says Du. “The real problem is that students aren’t yet ready to engage in adult conversation with professors. Some of them just expect professors to explain facts and help them prepare for exams, like in high school.” Chen Yongmei, an associate professor at Beijing Forestry University, tackles this problem by taking the initiative. Since she only teaches one class a week, Chen invites one or two students for lunch every day. During lunch, they discuss academic and personal problems. “Most students make use of this mechanism, but a few of them don’t,” she says. “In the latter case, I gradually lose the passion for communicating with them because this isn’t middle school. I’m happy to talk to them, but I don’t want to force them into a conversation they’re uncomfortable with.” 1．What’s Shi Jianfei’s major? 2．How many college students contact their professors less than once a year? 3．Why do students and professors communicate infrequently? 4．What will Wu Qian do when she meets problems? 5．How does Chen Yongmei communicate with students? 【答案】1.His major is mechanical manufacturing and automation. 2.More than a third of college students. 3.Because there is no effective communication mechanism. 4.She will talk to her classmates or upper classmen. / She will talk to her peers. 5．She invites one or two students for lunch every day. During lunch, they discuss academic and personal problems. 【解析】本篇是一篇说明文。文章通过石剑飞的例子表明如今大学生和老师之间缺乏沟通的现状，并分析这种情况产生的原因。 1．根据“Shi Jianfei, 21, is a mechanical manufacturing and automation major at Beijing Information Science and Technology University.”可知，石剑飞的专业是机械制造与自动化。故填His major is mechanical manufacturing and automation. 2．根据“... more than a third of them contact their professor less than once a year.”可知，超过三分之一的大学生与教授的联系不到一年一次。故填More than a third of college students. 3．根据“Although most students and teachers are willing to communicate with each other, it seems that an effective communication mechanism is absent.”可知，虽然大学生和教授之间乐意沟通，但他们沟通次数很少的原因是可能没有一个有效的沟通机制。故填Because there is no effective communication mechanism. 4．根据“when she encounters problems she prefers talking to her classmates and upper classmen.”可知，当吴倩遇到问题时她会找同学/同龄人诉说。故填She will talk to her classmates or upper classmen. / She will talk to her peers. 5．根据“Since she only teaches one class a week, Chen invites one or two students for lunch every day. During lunch, they discuss academic and personal problems.”可知，陈咏梅教授每天会邀请一两个同学共进午餐，在吃饭时和他们讨论学业和个人问题。故填She invites one or two students for lunch every day. During lunch, they discuss academic and personal problems. 2. What’s the fastest and most effective (有效的) way to learn? What’s the secret to remembering what you learn? THE LEARNING PYRAMID (金字塔) The “learning pyramid” suggests that most students only remember 5% from lectures (讲授). They remember 10% of what they read from textbooks, but get nearly 90% of what they learn through teaching others. The most common form of teaching others is Peer Tutoring (同伴辅导). It is a really fun and helpful way to learn. It means that we teach each other and help each other. We like peer tutoring because it makes learning more exciting and it makes us feel like we are part of a team. To do peer tutoring, we can take turns being the teacher. The teacher explains a subject, and the student tries to understand it. If the student doesn’t get it right away, the teacher helps them understand it. It’s important to ask questions and give positive feedback (积极反馈) to each other. Then, they can both learn and have fun at the same time. Peer tutoring is really good for our brains because it helps us remember things better. When we teach others, we have to think about it really hard to make sure we explain it right. 60.And when others teach us, we need to listen carefully and try to understand what they’re saying. This helps us learn better. So if you’re looking for a way to make learning more fun and effective, try peer tutoring! You’ll be surprised at how much you can learn from each other. 1．How much can most students remember from what they read from textbooks? 2．Why do we like peer tutoring? 3．How do we do peer tutoring? 4．Do you like learning by teaching others? Why or why not? 5.线句子翻译成中文 __________________________________________________________ 【答案】1．10%. 2．Because it makes learning more exciting and it makes us feel like we are part of a team. 3．We can take turns being the teacher. 4．回答合理即可。参考答案：Yes, I do. Because it helps me remember what I have learned better.5.当别人教我们时，我们需要认真听并努力理解他们所说的内容. 【知识点】合作与交流、学习策略、说明文 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了学习金字塔中不同学习方式的记忆效果，重点阐述同伴辅导的好处、做法等。 1．根据“They remember 10% of what they read from textbooks” 可知，大多数学生从课本阅读中只能记住10%的内容，故填10%. 2．根据“We like peer tutoring because it makes learning more exciting and it makes us feel like we are part of a team.”可知，我们喜欢同伴辅导是因为它让学习更有趣，还让我们有团队归属感，故填Because it makes learning more exciting and it makes us feel like we are part of a team. 3．根据 “To do peer tutoring, we can take turns being the teacher.”可知，进行同伴辅导时，我们可以轮流当老师，故填We can take turns being the teacher. 4．回答合理即可。参考答案：Yes, I do. Because it helps me remember what I have learned better. 5．当别人教我们时，我们需要认真听并努力理解他们所说的内容. 3. Self-images (自我印象) are our own mind’s pictures of ourselves. These images include the way we look, the way we act, the way we talk and the way we think. When we find that believing in ourselves is a bit hard, it is time we build positive self-images and learn to have happy lives. Interestingly, our self-images are often quite different from the images others hold of us. Unluckily, most of these images are more negative (消极的) than they should be. As a result, changing the way we think about ourselves is the key to changing our self-images and our whole world. The best way to destroy (摧毁) a passive (消极的) self-image is to step back and decide to pay attention to our success. That is to make a list if we need to, but we should write down all of the great things we do every day. Don’t allow doubts to happen to us. It very well might be that we are experiencing negative self-images because we can’t move past the weakness that we see in ourselves. Well, make a change of it as our primary task. If we think we’re silly because we aren’t good at maths, find someone to help us. If we think we’re weak because we can’t run a mile, get more practice. But remember what we think doesn’t mean it’s true. The best way to get rid of (摆脱) a negative self-image is to realise that our images are far from the goals, and to actively make ourselves believe that we have positive personalities. Changing the way we think and working on those we need to improve will go a long way to create new positive self-images. When we can pat ourselves on the back, we’ll know we’re well on our way. 1．When do we need to build positive self-images? 2．What’s the key to changing our self-images and our whole world? 3．How can we destroy passive self-images? 4．Do you think self-image is important? Why or why not? (Please give two reasons.) 【答案】1．When we find that believing in ourselves is a bit hard. 2．Changing the way we think about ourselves. 3．By stepping back and paying attention to our success. 4．开放性试题，言之有理即可。参考答案为：Yes, I think self-image is important. First, a positive self-image helps us believe in ourselves and live happily. Second, it can guide us to improve ourselves and achieve our goals by changing our thinking and actions. 【知识点】议论文、自我管理 【导语】本文主要探讨了“自我印象”对个人生活的影响。文章分析了人们常持有消极自我印象的问题，并提供了多种建立积极自我印象、摆脱消极自我印象的实用方法，鼓励读者通过改变思维方式来获得更幸福的生活。 1．根据第一段“When we find that believing in ourselves is a bit hard, it is time we build positive self-images and learn to have happy lives.”可知，当我们发现相信自己有点困难时，就是我们建立积极自我印象的时候了。故填When we find that believing in ourselves is a bit hard. 2．根据第二段“As a result, changing the way we think about ourselves is the key to changing our self-images and our whole world.”可知，改变我们对自己的看法是改变自我印象和整个世界的关键。故填Changing the way we think about ourselves. 3．根据第三段“The best way to destroy a passive self-image is to step back and decide to pay attention to our success.”可知，摧毁消极自我印象的最好方法是退后一步，决定关注我们的成功。故填By stepping back and paying attention to our success. 4．开放性试题，言之有理即可。参考答案为：Yes, I think self-image is important. First, a positive self-image helps us believe in ourselves and live happily. Second, it can guide us to improve ourselves and achieve our goals by changing our thinking and actions. 4. Joking can be a cheerful thing. However, sometimes people may see it differently. Some people may get hurt if there are too many jokes. When you show you can’t accept the jokes, the jokes might get worse. We should consider the relationships when joking. Close friends usually enjoy teasing (开玩笑). Healthy teasing can usually make people relaxed. When both sides know it’s just joking, they can understand each other better. The environment is also important for close relationships. It doesn’t matter when your sister calls your nickname (绰号) at home. However, it’s quite bad when a classmate shouts it out at school. When making a joke, we often see the funny side of it. But others may see it in a different way. Sometimes we forget the other person may not find it funny. People have different life experiences, so they understand jokes differently. For example, imagine someone not swimming at a pool party. Others might tease him or her about being unable to swim. But maybe that person is just afraid of water. Keep in mind that people may have their own reasons for not seeing the funny side. It’s a good way to build good friendships by respecting others. In daily life, we should pay attention to our words when playing jokes. 1．What may happen if there are too many jokes? _________________________________________________________________ 2．How do people usually feel about healthy teasing? _________________________________________________________________ 3．What is also important for close relationships? _________________________________________________________________ 4．Why do people understand jokes differently? _________________________________________________________________ 5．How can we build good relationships? _________________________________________________________________ 【答案】【导语】本文主要讨论了开玩笑这件事，包括过多玩笑可能带来的问题、健康玩笑给人的感受、亲密关系中开玩笑需注意的环境、人们理解笑话不同的原因以及如何通过尊重他人建立良好关系。 1．根据“Some people may get hurt if there are too many jokes.”可知，如果玩笑太多，有些人可能会受到伤害。故填Some people may get hurt. 2．根据“Healthy teasing can usually make people relaxed”可知，健康的玩笑通常能让人放松。故填People usually feel relaxed. 3．根据“The environment is also important for close relationships.”可知，环境对于亲密关系也很重要。故填The environment. 4．根据“People have different life experiences, so they understand jokes differently.”可知，人们有不同的生活经历，所以他们对笑话的理解不同。故填Because people have different life experiences. 5．根据“It’s a good way to build good friendships by respecting others.”可知，通过尊重他人是建立良好关系的好方法。故填By respecting others. 5. Sometimes our friends make us unhappy, and we might want to talk to them. But how can we make these talks easier? Here are some tips. Describe the problem clearly. It’s important for you to know what the problem is. Once you know the problem, you can explain how it influences you. Saying “I feel hurt that you spend less time with me.” is better than “You never spend time with me!” Staying calm during the talk is necessary. If you get angry, it might lead to a fight. You can tell your friend that this talk makes you feel a little nervous. In this way, you will show your kindness. Never mind who is right or who is wrong. It’s important to listen to your friend’s opinion. Don’t just pay attention to proving (证明) yourself right. You can try to understand how he or she feels. This can help you solve the problem quickly. Listen and plan. You can lower (降低) the chances of arguing by listening carefully to your friend. Many experts suggest planning what you want to say, so you can say it in a way that doesn’t create trouble. Don’t be too anxious (焦急的). It’s useless to be anxious because difficult problems can’t be solved in just one talk. Think about what can be solved in one discussion and go for it. This will help you set goals you can achieve. 1．What might we do if our friends make us unhappy? ____________________________________________________________ 2．What is necessary during the talk? ____________________________________________________________ 3．How can we lower the chances of arguing? ____________________________________________________________ 4．Why is it useless to be anxious? ____________________________________________________________ 5．How many tips are there in the passage? ____________________________________________________________ 【答案】【导语】本文主要讨论了当朋友让我们不开心时，我们该如何与他们沟通以解决问题，并给出了一些实用的建议。 1．根据文章首句“Sometimes our friends make us unhappy, and we might want to talk to them.”可知，当朋友让我们不开心时，我们可能会想和他们谈谈。故填We might want to talk to them. 2．根据第三段首句“Staying calm during the talk is necessary.”可知，在谈话中保持冷静是必要的。故填Staying calm during the talk is necessary. 3．根据倒数第二段“You can lower (降低) the chances of arguing by listening carefully to your friend.”可知，通过仔细倾听朋友的话，我们可以降低争吵的可能性。故填We can lower the chances of arguing by listening carefully to our friend. 4．根据最后一段第二句“It’s useless to be anxious because difficult problems can’t be solved in just one talk.”可知，焦虑是无用的，因为困难的问题不能在一次谈话中就解决。故填Because difficult problems can’t be solved in just one talk. 5．文章每段都给出了一条建议，总共有五条建议，分别是：清晰地描述问题；在谈话中保持冷静；不要在意谁对谁错；倾听并计划；不要太焦虑。故填There are five tips in the passage. 6. Have you ever wondered what goes through your mind when you choose where to sit in a new classroom? Or in a waiting room full of strangers? Or on a bus? Researchers have found out some interesting facts. Perhaps unsurprisingly, we prefer to sit closer to people like ourselves. Girls sit by girls and boys sit by boys. Adults sit together and young people choose another young person to sit near. We seem to believe that people with similar habits or hobbies will share similar attitude (态度) and people like us may accept us easily. We think we may be safer with people who look like us. Sometimes that’s true but it’s a pity if we always stick to (固守) the same people, the same group. The danger in always staying in our comfort zone is that we just recycle the same opinions, the same tastes and the same ideas. We lose the chance to _____________. When we always stick to the same people, how can we get to know people with different ideas? And how can we stay away from the ignorance (无知), prejudice (偏见) and even fear? If instead you want to live in a society with changes and new things and different opinions, be the cat among the pigeons. Move out of your comfort zone. Go and sit next to someone different. And don’t just sit there in silence. Say hello. Ask a question. Start a conversation. That’s how we make friends. That’s how we learn about people. That’s how we open our minds to new ideas. That’s how we live an exciting life. 1．What kind of person do people prefer to sit closer to? _______________________________________________________________________ 2．In most people’s opinion, can we get on well with people like ourselves? _______________________________________________________________________ 3．Why do some people always recycle the same opinions, the same tastes and the same ideas? _______________________________________________________________________ 4．According to Paragraph 4, which one does the writer encourage you to be, the cat or the pigeon? _______________________________________________________________________ 5．According to Paragraph 5, how can people live an exciting life? _______________________________________________________________________ 6．Complete the sentence in Paragraph 3 according to the context. (at least two points) _______________________________________________________________________ 【答案】【导语】本文鼓励人们走出舒适区，与不同的人交流，以接触新观点、过上精彩生活。 1．根据文章第二段“Perhaps unsurprisingly, we prefer to sit closer to people like ourselves.”可知，人们更愿意和像自己的人坐得近。故填They prefer to sit closer to people like them. 2．根据文章第三段“We seem to believe that people with similar habits or hobbies will share similar attitude (态度) and people like us may accept us easily.”可推断，人们认为和像自己的人能相处得好，所以答案是肯定的。故填Yes, we can. 3．根据“We think we may be safer with people who look like us.”以及“people like us may accept us easily”可知有些人总是重复相同的观点、品味和想法是因为他们认为与自己相似的人更容易接受自己，并且与他们在一起更安全。故填Because they believe they may be accepted easily and safer with people who look like them. 4．根据文章第四段“If instead you want to live in a society with changes and new things and different opinions, be the cat among the pigeons.”可知作者鼓励成为“猫”。故填The cat. 5．根据文章第五段“Move out of your comfort zone...That’s how we live an exciting life.”可知走出舒适区才能过上精彩的生活。故填By moving out of their comfort zone. 6．结合文章第三段提到总待在舒适区会失去和不同人交流、学习新事物的机会，所以此处补充“和不同的人交谈并学习新东西”符合语境。故填talk with different kinds of people and learn something new。 7. 请阅读下面语篇，根据其内容回答问题 In the past, connecting (与……有联系) with friends meant spending time with them in person (亲自). But now it is different. With the development of the technology (科技), people’s life has changed greatly. Today, most young people like to connect with their friends online better. They think it is a good way to connect with their friends. However, some people think connecting with friends online may make them lose their real-world friendships (友谊). Do you agree with it? Here are some ideas. Know MoreIn the past, people connected with friends in simple ways. They often met friends face-to-face. They would go to their friends’ homes to play or chat. Sometimes, they would meet at places like parks or small shops. They could talk and have a good time together. AgreeTechnology hurts friendships. When we communicate with our friends in front of a screen, it’s easier to misread (误解) their tones (语调) or body language. We might think our friends are smiling while they’re upset. A friend might send a text message as a joke that says, “You’re the worst friend!” But our feelings might be hurt because we think he’s serious. DisagreeI’m Frank. I don’t think technology hurts friendships. In fact, it can make them stronger. For example, my best friends live in California where I used to live. The last time I met them in person was three years ago. But I talk to them online every week. It feels like they’re right here with me. Without technology, we can’t be so close friends. According to experts, staying connected online is not enough to build true friendships. Spending time together face-to-face is quite important, especially when people are in trouble. During the hard times, people don’t need someone who likes their pictures or posts. What they really need is someone who can offer them help. 1．What did connecting with friends mean in the past? . 2．Why do some people think technology hurts friendships? . 3．Where do Frank’s best friends live? . 4．What do experts think is important to build true friendships? . 5．What do you think people need when they’re in trouble? And how do you help your friend in trouble? . 1. It meant spending time with them in person.（解析：由 “In the past, connecting with friends meant spending time with them in person.” 可知） 2. Because when communicating in front of a screen, it’s easier to misread their tones or body language.（解析：由 “Technology hurts friendships. When we communicate... it’s easier to misread their tones or body language.” 可知） 3. In California.（解析：由 “my best friends live in California” 可知） 4. Spending time together face-to-face.（解析：由 “According to experts... Spending time together face-to-face is quite important” 可知） 5. (示例) They need someone who can offer them help. I usually listen to their problems and try to give practical advice.（解析：第一问由 “what they really need is someone who can offer them help” 可知；第二问为开放性回答，贴合 “帮助朋友” 的逻辑即可 8. As people become richer and richer (富有), the prices of new cars are falling down quickly. The government has built many new roads. Many Chinese people think it is enjoyable to have their own cars instead of bikes. The large number of cars has started a new cultural revolution (革命), changing the life and society. In Shanghai, more and more cars have appeared (出现) on the roads since 2002. At rush hour, it can take more than an hour for a taxi to ride from one side of Huangpu River Bridge to the other side. As the government has done a lot to make the traffic condition better, the number of cars on the roads is rising all the time. Private (私人的) cars have brought about a new class of society, who drive to their offices from large, modern houses in the suburbs (郊区). “I enjoy the drive,” said a big company manager of the 30-minute-trip to his office in the center of Shanghai. “I know that driving cars costs more money than travelling by bus,” he said. “But this way, I feel more comfortable and it is much faster.” The problems of owning cars 1 for having private cars ◆The price of cars are falling down. ◆The government has built many new roads. ◆Many Chinese people think it is enjoyable to have their own cars instead of bikes. Advantages of having cars ◆People feel more comfortable if they drive to work. ◆It takes 2 time to drive to work. ◆People can buy large modern houses in the suburbs. Disadvantages of having cars ◆The 3 of driving is much higher than travelling by bus. ◆There are so 4 cars on the road that it can cause traffic problems and that it takes more time on the road. 【答案】1．Reasons 2．less 3．cost 4．many 【知识点】交通方式、说明文 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了随着人们越来越富有，私家车数量增加带来的影响，包括拥有私家车的原因、优势以及劣势。 1．根据“As people become richer and richer (富有), the prices of new cars are falling down quickly. The government has built many new roads. Many Chinese people think it is enjoyable to have their own cars instead of bikes.”可知，这里列举的是拥有私家车的原因，reason“原因”，用复数形式，表示泛指，首字母大写。故填Reasons。 2．根据“But this way, I feel more comfortable and it is much faster.”可知，开车上班花费的时间更少，less“更少的”符合。故填less。 3．根据“I know that driving cars costs more money than travelling by bus”可知，开车比乘公交车花费更多钱，cost“成本”符合。故填cost。 4．根据“In Shanghai, more and more cars have appeared (出现) on the roads since 2002. At rush hour, it can take more than an hour for a taxi to ride from one side of Huangpu River Bridge to the other side.”可知，道路上的汽车数量非常多。many“许多的”符合。故填many。 9. If you can’t fully understand what the teacher says in class, what would you do? Some students just let it go. So the next time they meet similar questions, they still make mistakes. But Katie doesn’t. After class, she asks the teacher to explain again. Sometimes she reviews her notes, reads related books in the library, or even watches videos online until she really understands. And yes, she does really well in study. You might think she is hard-working, but actually, she is just curious (好奇的) enough. Curious people want to learn more about the world and keep asking why. Many great discoveries in history were made by curious people. Even if you don’t plan to become an inventor or a researcher, curiosity can still help you in the classroom. When you are curious, you develop a real love for knowledge and will be fully involved in the learning process. In this way, being curious can help you make much progress in study. Some students are not sure if curiosity is useful. In their eyes, being curious about some questions takes up too much time, stopping them from learning other things. But research shows they may be wrong. Researchers from a top university gave students a memory test on geographical facts. When students were curious about one topic, they could remember the facts faster and better. According to a follow-up study, with a sense of achievement, these students would like to try harder to learn other things. It’s OK if you are not naturally very curious. Curiosity can be developed through practice. Experts suggest asking more questions in class or daily life, because every question helps you understand things better. Also, try to get different information by reading different kinds of books, watching videos or lectures (讲座), and talking with people who know more than you. Stay open-minded and never stop wondering—that’s how you keep your curiosity alive. 阅读文章，用恰当的短语或句子补全概要。补全部分总词数不超过30词，不能照抄原文连续超过3个词。（16和19小题，每小题2分；17和18小题，每小题3分；共10分） It's not a good idea to leave problems behind when learning. In fact, students can deal with them if 1 . Curious people want to learn more and keep asking questions. With curiosity, students would focus more on the process of learning so that 2 . Also, research shows that 3 . To develop more curiosity, 4 are given by experts, like keeping asking questions and staying open-minded. 【答案】1.they are curious enough.2.they make great progress.3.curious students can learn other things more actively.4.some useful/good/practical tips. 【解析】1.they are curious enough.解析：原文提到Katie因“好奇”主动解决学习问题，结合“students can deal with them if...”的逻辑，此处填“they are curious enough”（他们足够好奇），对应原文中好奇驱动解决问题的核心。 2.they make great progress.解析：原文明确“being curious can help you make much progress in study”，结合“so that（以便）”的结果逻辑，此处填“they make great progress”（他们取得大的进步），概括好奇对学习进步的作用。 3.curious students can learn other things more actively.解析：原文通过研究指出“好奇的学生能更快更好地记忆知识、更愿意学其他内容”，此处提炼为“curious students can learn other things more actively”（好奇的学生可以更加积极地学东西），对应研究结论。 4.some useful/good/practical tips.解析：原文最后一段提到“experts suggest...”的具体方法，结合“...are given by experts”的结构，此处填“some useful/good/practical tips”（一些有用的建议），概括专家给出的培养好奇心的方法。 10. What did people do to communicate in ancient times? Here are some very interesting answers to this question. Alphorns (阿尔卑斯号角) were once used to communicate in the mountains in Switzerland. They are very long and they are very heavy too. So, alphorns are hard to blow. Then why use them? Well, they make a loud sound which travels much further than the human voice. Herdsmen (牧民) used them to call cows in the distance for milking. At sunset, alphorns were also used to send a message down to villagers that all was well. Nowadays, they’re mostly used as musical instruments. Some people have their own special ways of sending messages from mountain to mountain. They use a whistled (口哨的) language called Silbo, which comes from their language Spanish. Whistling can be heard within five kilometres, which means it can’t be used across much greater distances than shouting. Silbo can be used for all kinds of messages, including greetings and announcements. Did you know it’s also possible to send messages without making a noise? This is called visual (视觉的) communication, and it includes the use of flags and even smoke. Long ago, soldiers along the Great Wall of China used smoke as a warning. If they noticed the enemy from their signal tower, they lit a smoky fire. When soldiers in other towers saw the smoke, they lit fires too. In this way, messages about the enemy’s arrival could travel as far as 800 km in just a few hours. 1．Alphorns are mostly used for today. 2．The Silbo is a kind of coming from Spanish. 3．Visual communication includes the use of . 4．Soldiers along the Great Wall got warning messages between towers by . 5．This passage mainly writes about . 【答案】【导语】本文主要介绍了古代人们交流的一些方法。 1．根据“Nowadays, they’re mostly used as musical instruments.”可知，今天阿尔卑斯号角多被用作乐器，故填musical instruments。 2．根据“They use a whistled (口哨的) language called Silbo, which comes from their language Spanish. ”可知，哨语是一种来自西班牙语的口哨语言，故填whistled language。 3．根据“This is called visual (视觉的) communication, and it includes the use of flags and even smoke.”可知，视觉交流包括旗帜和烟雾的使用，故填flags and (even) smoke。 4．根据“Long ago, soldiers along the Great Wall of China used smoke as a warning. If they noticed the enemy from their signal tower, they lit a smoky fire. When soldiers in other towers saw the smoke, they lit fires too. In this way, messages about the enemy’s arrival could travel as far as 800 km in just a few hours.”可知，长城上的士兵通过烟雾信号在城楼之间获取信息。故填the smoke signal/smoke。 5．根据“Here are some very interesting answers to this question.”及通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了古代人们交流的不同方法。故填(different) ways of communication in ancient times。 6 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 7 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 8 单元主题语篇阅读之任务型阅读10篇 1. Communication gap Shi Jianfei, 21, is a mechanical manufacturing and automation major at Beijing Information Science and Technology University. He encountered an academic problem during the summer vacation but it took him a lot of determination to finally approach his professor at school to solve the problem. To his surprise, the meeting turned out to be quite pleasant. But only a few students turn to their professors to ask for advice in solving problems or discuss academic topics with them. According to a poll of 2,636 college students conducted by MyCOS, a Beijing-based consultancy, more than a third of them contact their professors less than once a year. Although most students and teachers are willing to communicate with each other, it seems that an effective communication mechanism is absent. Shi says most of his professors share their contact details with students in the first class, but students tend not to take advantage of this. “Communication usually takes place in class or between classes, because it’s difficult to get in touch with professors at any other time,” he says. “University professors always look very busy.” Pressure However, from the faculty’s perspective, students are too cautious about communicating with professors. “They’re worried about asking questions they think may leave a bad impression,” says Du Xiguang, professor of chemistry at Northeast Normal University. Wu created a QQ group in which students can discuss various issues with him, ranging from academic topics to personal problems. “I find they are very talkative in this group because all of them are anonymous. But if they talk to me in person, they’re shy and nervous,” he says. His view is echoed by Wu Qian, 22, an English major at Tsinghua University. Wu admits that when she encounters problems she prefers talking to her classmates and upper classmen. “I think many students are too shy and passive, myself included. I feel more comfortable communicating with my peers,” she says. Different styles of teaching Cheng Haonan, 20, a space science and technology major at Nanjing University, offers another reason why students don’t form strong relationships with professors. “We only meet our professor once or twice a week. That’s a lot less than the frequency with which we met our teachers in high school. Some professors can’t even remember my name,” says Cheng. Du also attributes the shyness of many students to a change in teaching styles. In primary school, Chinese students get used to talking with their teachers because they’re like “nannies” who not only teach, but also watch out for their students’ personal development. “In college, such communication isn’t compulsory anymore and students aren’t pushed to discuss their ideas with professors,” says Du. “The real problem is that students aren’t yet ready to engage in adult conversation with professors. Some of them just expect professors to explain facts and help them prepare for exams, like in high school.” Chen Yongmei, an associate professor at Beijing Forestry University, tackles this problem by taking the initiative. Since she only teaches one class a week, Chen invites one or two students for lunch every day. During lunch, they discuss academic and personal problems. “Most students make use of this mechanism, but a few of them don’t,” she says. “In the latter case, I gradually lose the passion for communicating with them because this isn’t middle school. I’m happy to talk to them, but I don’t want to force them into a conversation they’re uncomfortable with.” 1．What’s Shi Jianfei’s major? 2．How many college students contact their professors less than once a year? 3．Why do students and professors communicate infrequently? 4．What will Wu Qian do when she meets problems? 5．How does Chen Yongmei communicate with students? 2. What’s the fastest and most effective (有效的) way to learn? What’s the secret to remembering what you learn? THE LEARNING PYRAMID (金字塔) The “learning pyramid” suggests that most students only remember 5% from lectures (讲授). They remember 10% of what they read from textbooks, but get nearly 90% of what they learn through teaching others. The most common form of teaching others is Peer Tutoring (同伴辅导). It is a really fun and helpful way to learn. It means that we teach each other and help each other. We like peer tutoring because it makes learning more exciting and it makes us feel like we are part of a team. To do peer tutoring, we can take turns being the teacher. The teacher explains a subject, and the student tries to understand it. If the student doesn’t get it right away, the teacher helps them understand it. It’s important to ask questions and give positive feedback (积极反馈) to each other. Then, they can both learn and have fun at the same time. Peer tutoring is really good for our brains because it helps us remember things better. When we teach others, we have to think about it really hard to make sure we explain it right. 60.And when others teach us, we need to listen carefully and try to understand what they’re saying. This helps us learn better. So if you’re looking for a way to make learning more fun and effective, try peer tutoring! You’ll be surprised at how much you can learn from each other. 1．How much can most students remember from what they read from textbooks? 2．Why do we like peer tutoring? 3．How do we do peer tutoring? 4．Do you like learning by teaching others? Why or why not? 5.线句子翻译成中文 __________________________________________________________ 3. Self-images (自我印象) are our own mind’s pictures of ourselves. These images include the way we look, the way we act, the way we talk and the way we think. When we find that believing in ourselves is a bit hard, it is time we build positive self-images and learn to have happy lives. Interestingly, our self-images are often quite different from the images others hold of us. Unluckily, most of these images are more negative (消极的) than they should be. As a result, changing the way we think about ourselves is the key to changing our self-images and our whole world. The best way to destroy (摧毁) a passive (消极的) self-image is to step back and decide to pay attention to our success. That is to make a list if we need to, but we should write down all of the great things we do every day. Don’t allow doubts to happen to us. It very well might be that we are experiencing negative self-images because we can’t move past the weakness that we see in ourselves. Well, make a change of it as our primary task. If we think we’re silly because we aren’t good at maths, find someone to help us. If we think we’re weak because we can’t run a mile, get more practice. But remember what we think doesn’t mean it’s true. The best way to get rid of (摆脱) a negative self-image is to realise that our images are far from the goals, and to actively make ourselves believe that we have positive personalities. Changing the way we think and working on those we need to improve will go a long way to create new positive self-images. When we can pat ourselves on the back, we’ll know we’re well on our way. 1．When do we need to build positive self-images? 2．What’s the key to changing our self-images and our whole world? 3．How can we destroy passive self-images? 4．Do you think self-image is important? Why or why not? (Please give two reasons.) 4. Joking can be a cheerful thing. However, sometimes people may see it differently. Some people may get hurt if there are too many jokes. When you show you can’t accept the jokes, the jokes might get worse. We should consider the relationships when joking. Close friends usually enjoy teasing (开玩笑). Healthy teasing can usually make people relaxed. When both sides know it’s just joking, they can understand each other better. The environment is also important for close relationships. It doesn’t matter when your sister calls your nickname (绰号) at home. However, it’s quite bad when a classmate shouts it out at school. When making a joke, we often see the funny side of it. But others may see it in a different way. Sometimes we forget the other person may not find it funny. People have different life experiences, so they understand jokes differently. For example, imagine someone not swimming at a pool party. Others might tease him or her about being unable to swim. But maybe that person is just afraid of water. Keep in mind that people may have their own reasons for not seeing the funny side. It’s a good way to build good friendships by respecting others. In daily life, we should pay attention to our words when playing jokes. 1．What may happen if there are too many jokes? _________________________________________________________________ 2．How do people usually feel about healthy teasing? _________________________________________________________________ 3．What is also important for close relationships? _________________________________________________________________ 4．Why do people understand jokes differently? _________________________________________________________________ 5．How can we build good relationships? _________________________________________________________________ 5. Sometimes our friends make us unhappy, and we might want to talk to them. But how can we make these talks easier? Here are some tips. Describe the problem clearly. It’s important for you to know what the problem is. Once you know the problem, you can explain how it influences you. Saying “I feel hurt that you spend less time with me.” is better than “You never spend time with me!” Staying calm during the talk is necessary. If you get angry, it might lead to a fight. You can tell your friend that this talk makes you feel a little nervous. In this way, you will show your kindness. Never mind who is right or who is wrong. It’s important to listen to your friend’s opinion. Don’t just pay attention to proving (证明) yourself right. You can try to understand how he or she feels. This can help you solve the problem quickly. Listen and plan. You can lower (降低) the chances of arguing by listening carefully to your friend. Many experts suggest planning what you want to say, so you can say it in a way that doesn’t create trouble. Don’t be too anxious (焦急的). It’s useless to be anxious because difficult problems can’t be solved in just one talk. Think about what can be solved in one discussion and go for it. This will help you set goals you can achieve. 1．What might we do if our friends make us unhappy? ____________________________________________________________ 2．What is necessary during the talk? ____________________________________________________________ 3．How can we lower the chances of arguing? ____________________________________________________________ 4．Why is it useless to be anxious? ____________________________________________________________ 5．How many tips are there in the passage? ____________________________________________________________ 6. Have you ever wondered what goes through your mind when you choose where to sit in a new classroom? Or in a waiting room full of strangers? Or on a bus? Researchers have found out some interesting facts. Perhaps unsurprisingly, we prefer to sit closer to people like ourselves. Girls sit by girls and boys sit by boys. Adults sit together and young people choose another young person to sit near. We seem to believe that people with similar habits or hobbies will share similar attitude (态度) and people like us may accept us easily. We think we may be safer with people who look like us. Sometimes that’s true but it’s a pity if we always stick to (固守) the same people, the same group. The danger in always staying in our comfort zone is that we just recycle the same opinions, the same tastes and the same ideas. We lose the chance to _____________. When we always stick to the same people, how can we get to know people with different ideas? And how can we stay away from the ignorance (无知), prejudice (偏见) and even fear? If instead you want to live in a society with changes and new things and different opinions, be the cat among the pigeons. Move out of your comfort zone. Go and sit next to someone different. And don’t just sit there in silence. Say hello. Ask a question. Start a conversation. That’s how we make friends. That’s how we learn about people. That’s how we open our minds to new ideas. That’s how we live an exciting life. 1．What kind of person do people prefer to sit closer to? _______________________________________________________________________ 2．In most people’s opinion, can we get on well with people like ourselves? _______________________________________________________________________ 3．Why do some people always recycle the same opinions, the same tastes and the same ideas? _______________________________________________________________________ 4．According to Paragraph 4, which one does the writer encourage you to be, the cat or the pigeon? _______________________________________________________________________ 5．According to Paragraph 5, how can people live an exciting life? _______________________________________________________________________ 6．Complete the sentence in Paragraph 3 according to the context. (at least two points) _______________________________________________________________________ 7. 请阅读下面语篇，根据其内容回答问题 In the past, connecting (与……有联系) with friends meant spending time with them in person (亲自). But now it is different. With the development of the technology (科技), people’s life has changed greatly. Today, most young people like to connect with their friends online better. They think it is a good way to connect with their friends. However, some people think connecting with friends online may make them lose their real-world friendships (友谊). Do you agree with it? Here are some ideas. Know MoreIn the past, people connected with friends in simple ways. They often met friends face-to-face. They would go to their friends’ homes to play or chat. Sometimes, they would meet at places like parks or small shops. They could talk and have a good time together. AgreeTechnology hurts friendships. When we communicate with our friends in front of a screen, it’s easier to misread (误解) their tones (语调) or body language. We might think our friends are smiling while they’re upset. A friend might send a text message as a joke that says, “You’re the worst friend!” But our feelings might be hurt because we think he’s serious. DisagreeI’m Frank. I don’t think technology hurts friendships. In fact, it can make them stronger. For example, my best friends live in California where I used to live. The last time I met them in person was three years ago. But I talk to them online every week. It feels like they’re right here with me. Without technology, we can’t be so close friends. According to experts, staying connected online is not enough to build true friendships. Spending time together face-to-face is quite important, especially when people are in trouble. During the hard times, people don’t need someone who likes their pictures or posts. What they really need is someone who can offer them help. 1．What did connecting with friends mean in the past? . 2．Why do some people think technology hurts friendships? . 3．Where do Frank’s best friends live? . 4．What do experts think is important to build true friendships? . 5．What do you think people need when they’re in trouble? And how do you help your friend in trouble? . 8. As people become richer and richer (富有), the prices of new cars are falling down quickly. The government has built many new roads. Many Chinese people think it is enjoyable to have their own cars instead of bikes. The large number of cars has started a new cultural revolution (革命), changing the life and society. In Shanghai, more and more cars have appeared (出现) on the roads since 2002. At rush hour, it can take more than an hour for a taxi to ride from one side of Huangpu River Bridge to the other side. As the government has done a lot to make the traffic condition better, the number of cars on the roads is rising all the time. Private (私人的) cars have brought about a new class of society, who drive to their offices from large, modern houses in the suburbs (郊区). “I enjoy the drive,” said a big company manager of the 30-minute-trip to his office in the center of Shanghai. “I know that driving cars costs more money than travelling by bus,” he said. “But this way, I feel more comfortable and it is much faster.” The problems of owning cars 1 for having private cars ◆The price of cars are falling down. ◆The government has built many new roads. ◆Many Chinese people think it is enjoyable to have their own cars instead of bikes. Advantages of having cars ◆People feel more comfortable if they drive to work. ◆It takes 2 time to drive to work. ◆People can buy large modern houses in the suburbs. Disadvantages of having cars ◆The 3 of driving is much higher than travelling by bus. ◆There are so 4 cars on the road that it can cause traffic problems and that it takes more time on the road. 9. If you can’t fully understand what the teacher says in class, what would you do? Some students just let it go. So the next time they meet similar questions, they still make mistakes. But Katie doesn’t. After class, she asks the teacher to explain again. Sometimes she reviews her notes, reads related books in the library, or even watches videos online until she really understands. And yes, she does really well in study. You might think she is hard-working, but actually, she is just curious (好奇的) enough. Curious people want to learn more about the world and keep asking why. Many great discoveries in history were made by curious people. Even if you don’t plan to become an inventor or a researcher, curiosity can still help you in the classroom. When you are curious, you develop a real love for knowledge and will be fully involved in the learning process. In this way, being curious can help you make much progress in study. Some students are not sure if curiosity is useful. In their eyes, being curious about some questions takes up too much time, stopping them from learning other things. But research shows they may be wrong. Researchers from a top university gave students a memory test on geographical facts. When students were curious about one topic, they could remember the facts faster and better. According to a follow-up study, with a sense of achievement, these students would like to try harder to learn other things. It’s OK if you are not naturally very curious. Curiosity can be developed through practice. Experts suggest asking more questions in class or daily life, because every question helps you understand things better. Also, try to get different information by reading different kinds of books, watching videos or lectures (讲座), and talking with people who know more than you. Stay open-minded and never stop wondering—that’s how you keep your curiosity alive. 阅读文章，用恰当的短语或句子补全概要。补全部分总词数不超过30词，不能照抄原文连续超过3个词。（16和19小题，每小题2分；17和18小题，每小题3分；共10分） It's not a good idea to leave problems behind when learning. In fact, students can deal with them if 1 . Curious people want to learn more and keep asking questions. With curiosity, students would focus more on the process of learning so that 2 . Also, research shows that 3 . To develop more curiosity, 4 are given by experts, like keeping asking questions and staying open-minded. 10. What did people do to communicate in ancient times? Here are some very interesting answers to this question. Alphorns (阿尔卑斯号角) were once used to communicate in the mountains in Switzerland. They are very long and they are very heavy too. So, alphorns are hard to blow. Then why use them? Well, they make a loud sound which travels much further than the human voice. Herdsmen (牧民) used them to call cows in the distance for milking. At sunset, alphorns were also used to send a message down to villagers that all was well. Nowadays, they’re mostly used as musical instruments. Some people have their own special ways of sending messages from mountain to mountain. They use a whistled (口哨的) language called Silbo, which comes from their language Spanish. Whistling can be heard within five kilometres, which means it can’t be used across much greater distances than shouting. Silbo can be used for all kinds of messages, including greetings and announcements. Did you know it’s also possible to send messages without making a noise? This is called visual (视觉的) communication, and it includes the use of flags and even smoke. Long ago, soldiers along the Great Wall of China used smoke as a warning. If they noticed the enemy from their signal tower, they lit a smoky fire. When soldiers in other towers saw the smoke, they lit fires too. In this way, messages about the enemy’s arrival could travel as far as 800 km in just a few hours. 1．Alphorns are mostly used for today. 2．The Silbo is a kind of coming from Spanish. 3．Visual communication includes the use of . 4．Soldiers along the Great Wall got warning messages between towers by . 5．This passage mainly writes about . 6 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 7 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $