Unit 4 then and now 词汇精讲1-2025-2026学年沪教版（五四学制）八年级英语上册

本初中英语讲义聚焦Unit 4 "then and now"单元7个核心词汇（memory, wide, modern等），构建“释义—词形/词块拓展—微语境应用—综合词性转换”的递进式学习支架，系统梳理词汇基础释义、派生词及短语搭配，通过填空、选择、翻译等微语境练习实现从理解到运用的过渡。 资料以“语境驱动”设计为特色，微语境练习结合生活场景（如“这家商店提供各种各样的商品”），助力学生在真实语境中提升语言运用能力（语言能力），选择题与翻译题需分析语境逻辑，培养思维品质中的推断与表达能力。课中辅助教师分层教学，课后通过词性转换练习帮助学生巩固词形变化规律，弥补知识薄弱点。

Unit 4 then and now 词汇精讲1 学生版 Vocabulary 词汇收获筐 1. memory 【释义】 ☆词形、词块拓展 ① 派生词： ② 短语： ☆微语境练习 (1) We built a monument ______________ the heroes who died in the war. (词组：纪念) (2) It is believed that some light music can help students study longer and m___________ more information. (3) The old photo ________ many sweet ________. A. bring; memory B. brings; memories C. brought; memory D. bringing; memories (4) 翻译：这部电影让我想起了童年时光。 This movie ______________________________________. 2. wide 【释义】 ☆词形、词块拓展 ① 派生词： ② 短语： ☆微语境练习 (1) The street is five meters in________. (wide) (2) The Internet has ________ influenced our daily life. (wide) (3) We need to ________ the path to make it easier to walk. A. wide B. widely C. widen D. width (4) 翻译：这家商店提供各种各样的商品。 This store______________________________ goods. 3. modern 【释义】 ☆词形、词块拓展 ① 派生词： ② 短语： ☆微语境练习 (1) The factory is planning to ________ its production lines. (modern) (2) The ________ of the city attracts many young people. A. modern B. modernize C. modernization D. modernizing (3) 翻译：随着科技的发展，我们的生活变得更加现代化。 With the development of technology, _______________________________. 4. stay 【释义】 ☆词形、词块拓展 ① 派生词： ② 短语： ☆微语境练习 (1) ________ up late is bad for your health. (Staying) (2) I had a pleasant ________ in the countryside last summer. A. stay B. stays C. staying D. stayed（答案：A） (3) 翻译：记得和我保持联系，有消息及时告诉我。 ____________________________________ and let me know if there's any news. 5. imagine 【释义】 ☆词形、词块拓展 ① 派生词： ② 短语： ☆微语境练习 (1) Can you ________ what life will be like in 100 years? (imaginary) (2) His ________ story won the first prize in the competition. (imagine) (3) The child's ________ is very rich; he can create amazing worlds. ________ A. imagine B. imagination C. imaginative D. imagines (4) 翻译：很难想象没有互联网的生活会是什么样。 _______________________________________________________without the Internet. 6. record 【释义】 ☆词形、词块拓展 ① 派生词： ② 短语： ☆微语境练习 (1) He holds the world ________ for the 100 - meter dash. (record) (2) The ________ of the meeting will be sent to all participants. A. record B. records C. recording D. recorder (3) 翻译：科学家们正在记录濒危动物的数量变化。 _______________________________________ in the number of endangered animals. 7. except 【释义】 ☆词形、词块拓展 ① 派生词： ② 短语： ☆微语境练习 (1) ________ John, we all arrived on time. (Except/Except for) (2) The composition is good ____________ for some spelling mistakes. (except ) (3) Which word means “not including”? ________ A. Besides B. Except C. Including D. With (4) 翻译：除了周日，这家商店每天都营业。 ___________________________________________. 小试牛刀你最棒 ★词性转换练习 1. He didn't study hard, ______________ he failed the exam. 2. The Great Wall is a wonder (词性_______) of the world. I wonder (=_________) if you can help me with this problem. 3. His hands _________ (shake) when he heard the bad news. The _________ (shake) of the ground made people panic. 4. The old photo brought back many _________ (memory). I __________ (memory) new words every day to improve my vocabulary. 5. The river is 10 meters wide. We should __________ (wide) our knowledge by reading more books. 6. The city has a lot of modern buildings. The _____________ (modern) of the factory improved production efficiency. 7. I plan to stay at home this weekend. The ___________ (stay) time in the hotel is three days. 8. It's hard to imagine life without the Internet. His ______________ (imagine) is very rich, creating many interesting stories. 9. We need to record this important meeting. The ____________ (record) on the desk is used for taking notes. （动词“记录”和名词“录音机” ） 10. Everyone went to the park_______________ Tom. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 4 then and now 词汇精讲1 教师版 Vocabulary 词汇收获筐 1. memory 词性及含义 名词：记忆；记忆力；回忆；存储器 ，例：lose one's memory（失去记忆）、a happy memory（一段快乐的回忆） 。复数形式 memories 。 词性转换 memorize v. 记住；记忆；memorable adj. 难忘的；值得纪念的 常考搭配 • in memory of 为了纪念…… • have a good/bad memory 记忆力好/差 • bring back memories 唤起回忆 课堂练习 (1) She has a wonderful ________ and can remember everything easily. (memory) (2) We built a monument ________ the heroes who died in the war. (in memory of) (3) The old photo ________ many sweet ________. ________ A. bring; memory B. brings; memories C. brought; memory D. bringing; memories（答案：B） (4) 翻译：这部电影让我想起了童年时光。 This movie brought back memories of my childhood. 课后巩固 (1) His ________ of his hometown is very vivid. (memory) (2) The trip to the beach was a ________ experience. (memory→memorable) 2. wide 词性及含义 • 形容词：宽的；宽阔的；广泛的 ，例：a wide river（一条宽阔的河流）、a wide range of（广泛的） 。 • 副词：充分地；尽可能远地 ，常用于 open wide（大开） 。 词性转换 widely adv. 广泛地；普遍地；widen v. 拓宽；扩大 常考搭配 • 形容词：have a wide knowledge of 对……有广博的知识 • 动词：widen the road 拓宽道路 • 副词：widely known 广为人知 课堂练习 (1) The street is five meters ________. (wide) (2) The Internet has ________ influenced our daily life. (widely) (3) We need to ________ the path to make it easier to walk. ________ A. wide B. widely C. widen D. width（答案：C） (4) 翻译：这家商店提供各种各样的商品。 This store offers a wide range of goods. 课后巩固 (1) The ________ river flows through the city. (wide) (2) The news spread ________ across the country. (wide→widely) 3. modern 词性及含义 形容词：现代的；当代的；新式的 ，例：modern technology（现代技术）、modern art（现代艺术） 。 词性转换 modernize v. 使现代化；modernization n. 现代化 常考搭配 • modern society 现代社会 • modern life 现代生活 • modern design 现代设计 课堂练习 (1) We live in a ________ world full of new inventions. (modern) (2) The factory is planning to ________ its production lines. (modernize) (3) The ________ of the city attracts many young people. ________ A. modern B. modernize C. modernization D. modernizing（答案：C） (4) 翻译：随着科技的发展，我们的生活变得更加现代化。 With the development of technology, our life has become more modern. 课后巩固 (1) ________ buildings stand tall in the city center. (Modern) (2) The company aims to ________ its management system. (modernize) 4. stay 词性及含义 • 动词：停留；保持；暂住；坚持 ，例：stay at home（待在家里）、stay healthy（保持健康） 。 • 名词：停留；逗留 ，例：a short stay（短暂停留） 。 常考搭配 • 动词：stay up 熬夜；stay away from 远离；stay in touch 保持联系 • 名词：a weekend stay 周末停留 课堂练习 (1) She decided to ________ in the hotel for another night. (stay) (2) ________ up late is bad for your health. (Staying) (3) I had a pleasant ________ in the countryside last summer. ________ A. stay B. stays C. staying D. stayed（答案：A） (4) 翻译：记得和我保持联系，有消息及时告诉我。 Remember to stay in touch with me and let me know if there's any news. 课后巩固 (1) Please ________ quiet while others are studying. (stay) (2) His long ________ abroad helped him learn a new language. (stay) 5. imagine 词性及含义 动词：想象；设想；认为 ，后接 名词、动名词或 that 从句 ，例：imagine doing sth.（想象做某事）、imagine that...（想象……） 。 词性转换 imagination n. 想象力；imaginative adj. 富有想象力的 常考搭配 • imagine oneself as 把自己想象成…… • beyond imagination 超乎想象 课堂练习 (1) Can you ________ what life will be like in 100 years? (imagine) (2) His ________ story won the first prize in the competition. (imaginative) (3) The child's ________ is very rich; he can create amazing worlds. ________ A. imagine B. imagination C. imaginative D. imagines（答案：B） (4) 翻译：很难想象没有互联网的生活会是什么样。 It's hard to imagine what life would be like without the Internet. 课后巩固 (1) Just ________ how happy she will be when she sees the gift! (imagine) (2) Artists need to have a strong sense of ________. (imagine→imagination) 6. record 词性及含义 • 动词：记录；记载；录制；录音 ，发音为 /rɪˈkɔːd/ ，例：record a video（录制视频） 。 • 名词：记录；唱片；最高纪录 ，发音为 /ˈrekɔːd/ ，例：set a record（创造纪录） 。 词性转换 recorder n. 录音机；记录员；recorded adj. 记录的；录制的 常考搭配 • 动词：record one's voice 录制声音 • 名词：keep a record of 记录……；break the record 打破纪录 课堂练习 (1) The teacher asked us to ________ our daily expenses. (record) (2) He holds the world ________ for the 100 - meter dash. (record) (3) The ________ of the meeting will be sent to all participants. ________ A. record B. records C. recording D. recorder（答案：C） (4) 翻译：科学家们正在记录濒危动物的数量变化。 Scientists are recording the changes in the number of endangered animals. 课后巩固 (1) The band is going to ________ a new album next month. (record) (2) The ________ temperature in this area is 40℃. (record) 7. except 词性及含义 • 介词：除……之外（不包括 ） ，例：Everyone went to the party except me.（除了我，每个人都去了派对。） • 连词：除了；只是 ，后接从句 ，例：I would go, except I'm too busy.（我想去，只是我太忙了。） 同义短语 besides（除……之外还有，包括在内 ）；except for（除了，用于修正整体中的细节 ） 用法辨析 • except：排除同类事物，如：All students passed except Tom.（Tom 和 students 同类） • except for：排除非同类事物，如：The room is clean except for the dust.（dust 与 room 非同类） 课堂练习 (1) ________ John, we all arrived on time. (Except) (2) The composition is good ________ for some spelling mistakes. (except for) (3) Which word means “not including”? ________ A. Besides B. Except C. Including D. With（答案：B） (4) 翻译：除了周日，这家商店每天都营业。 The store is open every day except Sunday. 课后巩固 (1) She has read all the books ________ this one. (except) (2) The movie was great, ________ the ending was a bit disappointing. (except that) 小试牛刀你最棒 ★词性转换练习 1. He didn't study hard, ______________ he failed the exam. 2. The Great Wall is a wonder (词性_______) of the world. I wonder (=_________) if you can help me with this problem. 3. His hands _________ (shake) when he heard the bad news. The _________ (shake) of the ground made people panic. 4. The old photo brought back many _________ (memory). I __________ (memory) new words every day to improve my vocabulary. 5. The river is 10 meters wide. We should __________ (wide) our knowledge by reading more books. 6. The city has a lot of modern buildings. The _____________ (modern) of the factory improved production efficiency. 7. I plan to stay at home this weekend. The ___________ (stay) time in the hotel is three days. 8. It's hard to imagine life without the Internet. His ______________ (imagine) is very rich, creating many interesting stories. 9. We need to record this important meeting. The ____________ (record) on the desk is used for taking notes. （动词“记录”和名词“录音机” ） 10. Everyone went to the park_______________ Tom. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $