摘要:
该小学英语Unit 6 Chores知识清单系统梳理了家务主题相关知识,涵盖语音语调(字母组合发音、语调规则)、必记词汇(四会、三会)、常考短语、必会句型及核心语法(一般现在时、现在进行时)五大范畴,搭建了从基础语音词汇到句型语法综合运用的递进式学习支架。
清单采用分类分级呈现知识体系,必记单词分四会(如clean, sweep)和三会(如usually, enjoy),必会句型明确结构及答语(如“Do you...?”肯定回答“Yes, I do.”),培养学生语言能力和思维品质。特别设计“考点提分练”含针对性练习及解析(如一般现在时动词形式填空附主语人称提示),不同水平学生可高效巩固,教师可直接用于课堂检测,提升教学效率。
内容正文:
Unit 6 Chores知
识
归
纳
语音语调
1. 掌握字母组合“ch”的正确发音,单词中发/tʃ/音:(例:chair /tʃeə(r)/,peach /piːtʃ/,chores /tʃɔːz/) 掌握字母组合“th”的两种发音
2.掌握字母组合“sh”的正确发音,单词中发/ʃ/音:(例:shop /ʃɒp/,fish /fɪʃ/,wash /wɒʃ/)
3. 语调规则:
询问家务相关的一般疑问句用升调↗,
如 “Do you usually sweep the floor?”(句末语气上升,表疑问)。
描述家务的陈述句用降调↘,
如 “I often take out the rubbish.”(句末语气下降,表陈述事实)
必记单词
四会
clean (打扫)rubbish(垃圾)sweep(打扫)tidy(整理)chores(家务)wash(洗)
三会
clothes(衣服)usually(通常)times(次数/倍数)week(周)feed(喂)enjoy(享受/喜欢)call(呼喊/打电话)free(空闲的/自由的)
常考短语
do chores(做家务) clean the room(打扫房间) make the bed(整理床铺)
take out the rubbish(倒垃圾) wash clothes(洗衣服) tidy the desk(清理书桌)
sweep the floor(扫地) water the plants(浇花) feed the fish(喂鱼)
do the dishes(洗碗) walk the dog(遛狗) help parents(帮助父母)
必会句型
1.询问对方是否做家务的句型
句型结构:Do you help your parents do chores at home?
肯定回答:Yes, I do. 否定回答:No, I don't.
例:Do you help your parents do chores at home? 你在家帮父母做家务吗?
Yes, I do. 是的,我帮。/ No, I don't. 不,我不帮。
2.询问对方通常做什么家务的句型
句型结构:What chores do you usually do at home? 答语:I usually + 家务短语.
例:What chores do you usually do at home? 你在家通常做什么家务?
I usually wash clothes. 我通常洗衣服。
3.询问对方做某事频率的句型
句型结构:How often do you + 家务短语?
答语:I + do it + 频率副词/短语(once a week, three times a day...).
例:How often do you sweep the floor? 你多久扫一次地?
I sweep it every day. 我每天都扫。
4. 描述正在做某事的句型
句型结构:I am + 动词-ing + 其他.
例:I am tidying my desk now. 我现在正在清理书桌。
5. 请求对方帮忙做家务的句型
句型结构:Can you + 动词原形 + 家务短语 + please?
例:Can you take out the rubbish please? 请你倒一下垃圾好吗?
核心语法
1. 一般现在时在描述日常家务中的用法(主语为第一人称时动词用原形)
2. 现在进行时在描述正在做的家务中的用法(be动词+动词-ing形式)
3. 频率副词在家务描述中的位置和用法
4.家务相关短语的固定搭配
考
点
速
记
考点 01
(一般现在时)描述日常家务
—I usually make the bed in the morning. 我通常早上整理床铺。
—She often helps her mother wash clothes. 她经常帮妈妈洗衣服。
1. 描述经常性、习惯性的家务行为用一般现在时,主语为第一人称(I/we)、第二人称(you)或复数主语时,动词用原形;
2. 主语为第三人称单数(he/she/it)时,动词需用第三人称单数形式(如 wash→washes,sweep→sweeps);
3. 常用频率副词:usually(通常)、often(经常)、sometimes(有时)、always(总是)、never(从不),放在主语和动词之间。
提分练
1、 用所给单词的适当形式填空。
1. I usually ______ (clean) my room on Sundays.
2. She often ______ (wash) clothes for her family.
3. My brother sometimes ______ (take) out the rubbish after dinner.
4. We always ______ (tidy) our desks before class.
5. They often ______ (sweep) the floor together.
2、 选择正确的频率副词填空。
( )1. I ______ make the bed. It's my daily chore.
A. never B. sometimes C. always
( )2. She ______ washes clothes, because her mother usually does it.
A. often B. sometimes C. always
( )3. My father is busy. He ______ helps us do chores.
A. never B. usually C. often
( )4. We ______ water the plants on weekends.
A. sometimes B. every day C. now
( )5. Tom ______ tidies his desk. His desk is always messy.
A. often B. never C. usually
考点 02
(现在进行时)描述正在做的家务—What are you doing now? 你现在在做什么?
—I am sweeping the floor. 我正在扫地。
句型解析:
1. 描述此时此刻正在进行的家务行为用现在进行时,句型结构为“主语 + be动词(am/is/are) + 动词-ing形式 + 其他”;
2. 第一人称单数用“am”,第三人称单数用“is”,第二人称及复数用“are”;
3. 动词-ing形式变化规则:一般动词直接加-ing(如 clean→cleaning);以不发音的e结尾的动词去e加-ing(如 wash→washing);重读闭音节动词双写尾字母加-ing(如 sweep→sweeping)。提分练
一、用所给单词的适当形式填空。
1. Look! My mother ______ (wash) clothes in the bathroom.
2. I ______ (tidy) my desk now. Please wait a minute.
3. They ______ (sweep) the floor. Let's help them.
4. Tom ______ (feed) his pet fish. Don't disturb him.
5. We ______ (water) the plants in the garden.
二、根据答语补全问句。
1. —What ______ you ______ (do) now? —I am making the bed.
2. —What ______ she ______ (do) in the kitchen? —She is doing the dishes.
3. —What ______ they ______ (do) together? —They are cleaning the room.
4. —What ______ your father ______ (do)? —He is taking out the rubbish.
5. —What ______ we ______ (do) now? —We are tidying the living room.
考点 03
家务相关句型(询问与回答)—Do you do chores at home? 你在家做家务吗?
—Yes, I do. I usually take out the rubbish. 是的,我做。我通常倒垃圾。
—How often do you wash clothes? 你多久洗一次衣服?
—Twice a week. 一周两次。—He thinks they are cool. 他觉得它们很酷。
规则:
句型结构:询问对方是否做家务用“Do you + do chores + 地点?”,
肯定回答“Yes, I do.”,否定回答“No, I don't.”;
—询问对方做具体家务用“What chores + do you + usually do + 地点?”,答语用“I usually + 家务短语”;
—询问频率用“How often + do you + 家务短语?”,答语用频率短语(once a week, three times a month...)。
提分练
1、 根据汉语提示补全句子。
1. 你在家帮父母做家务吗?______ you ______ your parents ______ ______ at home?
2. 他通常做什么家务?______ ______ ______ he usually ______ at home?
3. 她多久清理一次书桌?______ ______ ______ she ______ her desk?
4. 我们正在帮妈妈洗碗。We ______ ______ our mother ______ ______ ______.
5. 我有时周末浇花。I ______ ______ ______ ______ on weekends.
二、选择正确的答语。
( )1. —Do you make the bed every morning? —______
A. Yes, I do. B. I usually make it. C. No, I didn't.
( )2. —What chores do you often do? —______
A. I am cleaning the room. B. I often wash clothes. C. She helps her mother.
( )3. —How often do you take out the rubbish? —______
A. Twice a week. B. I take it out. C. Yes, I do.
( )4. —Are you doing chores now? —______
A. Yes, I usually do. B. No, I am reading. C. I tidy my desk.
( )5. —Can you help me sweep the floor? —______
A. I often sweep it. B. Yes, I do. C. Sure, no problem.
考点 04
家务短语固定搭配与辨析
—clean the room(打扫房间) vs. tidy the desk(清理书桌)
—wash clothes(洗衣服) vs. do the dishes(洗碗)
—take out the rubbish(倒垃圾) vs. walk the dog(遛狗)
【解析】
1. 不同家务有固定短语搭配,需区分核心动词的用法:“clean”侧重“清洁、打扫”(大面积),“tidy”侧重“整理、归置”(小范围);
2. “wash”后接衣物、餐具等(如 wash clothes, wash dishes),“do”可搭配“the dishes”“chores”等;
3. 短语中名词的单复数:“rubbish”为不可数名词,“clothes”“dishes”“plants”为复数形式,需注意搭配一致。
提分练
一、选择正确的短语填空。
A. clean the room B. do the dishes C. take out the rubbish D. water the plants E. tidy the desk
1. After dinner, my sister usually ______ in the kitchen.
2. I need to ______ because it's full of paper.
3. My mother asks me to ______ every morning to keep it tidy.
4. We ______ every Sunday to make them grow well.
5. My brother and I ______ together every weekend.
二、判断句子正(√)误(×),并改正错误。
1. I often wash the dishes clothes.( )______
2. She is tidying the room now.( )______
3. He takes out the rubbishes every day.( )______
4. We are doing the clothes now.( )______
5. Can you help me water the plant?( )______
参考答案
(1)(一般现在时)描述日常家务
一、1. clean 2. washes 3. takes 4. tidy 5. sweep
【解析】
1. 主语“I”为第一人称,一般现在时中动词用原形“clean”;
2. 主语“She”为第三人称单数,“wash”的第三人称单数形式为“washes”;
3. 主语“My brother”为第三人称单数,“take”的第三人称单数形式为“takes”;
4. 主语“We”为第一人称复数,动词用原形“tidy”;
5. 主语“They”为复数,动词用原形“sweep”。
二、1. C 2. B 3. A 4. A 5. B
【解析】
1. 由“daily chore”(日常家务)可知频率很高,选“always”(总是);
2. 由“妈妈通常做”可知她只是“有时”洗,选“sometimes”(有时);
3. 爸爸很忙,所以“从不”帮忙做家务,选“never”(从不);
4. “every day”是时间短语,不能直接修饰动词,“now”用于现在进行时,选“sometimes”(有时);5. 书桌总是很乱,说明“从不”整理,选“never”(从不)。
(2)(现在进行时)描述正在做的家务
一、1. is washing 2. am tidying 3. are sweeping 4. is feeding 5. are watering
【解析】
1. 由“Look!”可知用现在进行时,主语“My mother”为第三人称单数,be动词用“is”,“wash”的-ing形式为“washing”;
2. 由“now”可知用现在进行时,主语“I”搭配“am”,“tidy”的-ing形式为“tidying”;
3. 主语“They”为复数,be动词用“are”,“sweep”的-ing形式为“sweeping”;
4. 主语“Tom”为第三人称单数,be动词用“is”,“feed”的-ing形式为“feeding”;
5. 主语“We”为复数,be动词用“are”,“water”的-ing形式为“watering”。
二、1. are; doing 2. is; doing 3. are; doing 4. is; doing 5. are; doing
【解析】
1. 主语“you”搭配be动词“are”,现在进行时的疑问句结构为“be动词 + 主语 + 动词-ing”,故填“are; doing”;
2. 主语“she”搭配be动词“is”,填“is; doing”;
3. 主语“they”搭配be动词“are”,填“are; doing”;
4. 主语“your father”为第三人称单数,搭配be动词“is”,填“is; doing”;
5. 主语“we”搭配be动词“are”,填“are; doing”。
(3)家务相关句型(询问与回答)
一、1. Do; help; do chores 2. What chores does; do 3. How often does; tidy 4. are helping; do the dishes 5. sometimes water the plants
【解析】
1. 询问“是否帮忙做家务”用“Do you help your parents do chores?”;
2. 询问“具体家务”,主语“he”为第三人称单数,助动词用“does”,填“What chores does; do”;
3. 询问“频率”,主语“she”为第三人称单数,助动词用“does”,填“How often does; tidy”;
4. “正在帮妈妈洗碗”用现在进行时,“help sb. do the dishes”为固定搭配,填“are helping; do the dishes”;5. “有时浇花”用一般现在时,填“sometimes water the plants”。
二、1. A 2. B 3. A 4. B 5. C
【解析】1. 一般疑问句“Do you...”的回答用“Yes, I do./No, I don't.”,选A;
2. 询问“经常做的家务”,需用一般现在时回答具体家务,选B;
3. 询问“频率”,答语需为频率短语,选A;
4. 询问“是否正在做家务”,否定回答需说明正在做的其他事,选B;
5. 请求帮忙的答语用“Sure, no problem.”(当然,没问题),选C。
(4)家务短语固定搭配与辨析
一、1. B 2. C 3. E 4. D 5. A
【解析】1. 厨房的家务的是“洗碗”,选B(do the dishes);
2. “装满纸”需“倒垃圾”,选C(take out the rubbish);
3. “保持整洁”需“清理书桌”,选E(tidy the desk);
4. “让植物长得好”需“浇花”,选D(water the plants);
5. “周末一起做的家务”是“打扫房间”,选A(clean the room)。
二、1. × 改正:I often wash clothes. / I often do the dishes.
2. √
3. × 改正:He takes out the rubbish every day.
4. × 改正:We are washing the clothes now.
5. × 改正:Can you help me water the plants?
【解析】
1. “wash the dishes”和“wash clothes”是两个独立短语,不能混合,需二选一;
2. “tidy the room”(整理房间)搭配正确,句子时态也正确;
3. “rubbish”是不可数名词,无复数形式“rubbishes”;
4. “洗衣服”的正确短语是“wash the clothes”,“do the clothes”为错误搭配;
5. “water the plants”(浇花)常用复数形式,表泛指,单数“plant”需加冠词(a/an)。
第 1 页 共 7 页
学科网(北京)股份有限公司
学科网(北京)股份有限公司
学科网(北京)股份有限公司
$