内容正文:
编写说明:2025-2026学年高一上学期《英语期末考点大串讲》以考试范围内教材单元内容为基准,精准覆盖核心考点,并紧密贴合职教高考题型,包含配套的单元复习课件、讲义与模拟卷,旨在为学生提供全方位、高效的期末复习解决方案。
2025-2026学年高一上学期《英语期末考点大串讲》
《英语 基础模块1》(语文版2022版)
Unit 3 Starting a New Day 复习讲义
目录
明·期末考情
记·必考知识 + 练·10分钟
1.单元重点词汇
2.单元重点短语和句式句型
3.单元重点语法
4.单元话题主题
破·提高题型
Unit 3重点词汇、短语、句式句型、主题话题和语法项目
单元
核心考点
具体内容
复习目标
考情规律与备考建议
Unit 3 Starting a New Day
重点词汇
1. 基础词汇:tide (n. 潮汐;潮流)、memorise (v. 记住)、schedule (n. 日程;v. 安排)、arrange (v. 安排)、habit (n. 习惯)、daily (adj. 日常的)、method (n. 方法)、tight (adj. 紧的;繁忙的)、attend (v. 参加)、staff (n. 全体员工)、relaxation (n. 放松)、hike (v. 远足)、survey (n. 调查)、indoor (adj. 室内的)、outdoor (adj. 室外的)
2. 核心词汇:regular (adj. 有规律的),掌握词义辨析(regular 与 usual 的区别:regular 侧重“有固定规律的”,如 regular exercise 规律锻炼;usual 侧重“通常的、习惯性的”,如 usual time 通常的时间)和词性转换(regular adj. → regularly adv. 有规律地)
1. 能认读、拼写词汇,掌握词义及搭配(如 make a schedule 制定日程、attend a meeting 参加会议、do exercise 做运动、go hiking 去远足)
2. 能完成 regular 等核心词汇的词义辨析和词性转换
3. 能运用词汇描述日常活动、时间安排
1. 考情规律:词汇在描述日常活动的选择题、填空题中考查,侧重词义理解和副词转换(如 regular → regularly)
2. 备考建议:结合“日常时间安排”主题记忆词汇,通过描述自己的一天巩固运用
重点短语
1. make a daily plan 制定日常计划
2. make use of 利用(时间等)
3. attend a staff meeting 参加员工会议
4. do some exercise 做运动
5. go hiking 去远足
6. in free time 在空闲时间
7. work on a project 做项目
8. surf the Internet 上网
1. 能准确记忆短语含义及用法(如 make use of time 利用时间、do some exercise 做一些运动,exercise 此处为不可数名词)
2. 能在对话和写作中运用短语描述日常活动、时间安排
1. 考情规律:短语多在选择填空、完形填空(如描述日常活动的短文填空)、翻译和写作中考查
2. 备考建议:结合单元“日常时间管理”场景,通过制定个人日程表、描述日常活动巩固短语
重点句式句型
1. I usually get up at 6:30 every morning. 我通常每天早上6点半起床。(一般现在时,描述习惯性动作,频度副词 usually 位于实义动词前)
2. How do you usually go to school? 你通常怎么去上学?(特殊疑问句,询问日常出行方式,用一般现在时)
3. I spend half an hour doing exercise every day. 我每天花半小时做运动。(spend + 时间 + doing sth. 句型,表花费时间做某事)
4. What do you usually do in your free time? 你空闲时间通常做什么?(特殊疑问句,询问空闲活动,用一般现在时)
1. 能理解一般现在时的用法(描述习惯性、经常性动作),掌握频度副词(usually, often, sometimes, seldom 等)的位置和用法
2. 能掌握 spend doing sth. 句型,运用其描述时间花费
3. 能运用一般现在时和特殊疑问句询问、描述日常活动
1. 考情规律:句型在时态填空(如根据时间状语填一般现在时动词形式)、句型转换(如把陈述句改为特殊疑问句)、口语对话中考查
2. 备考建议:针对一般现在时进行专项练习(动词三单变化、频度副词运用),结合“日常活动”主题进行对话和写作
主题话题
开启新的一天:日常时间安排(wake up 起床、have breakfast 吃早餐、go to school 去上学、have classes 上课、do homework 做作业、go to bed 睡觉)、空闲活动(do exercise 做运动、go hiking 去远足、surf the Internet 上网、read books 看书、play chess 下棋)、时间管理(make a daily plan 制定日常计划、make use of time 利用时间、arrange time 安排时间)、中西方日常习惯差异(如中国人喝热水、西方人喝冷水)
1. 能掌握描述日常时间安排、空闲活动的词汇和句型
2. 能听懂关于日常活动的对话,获取时间、活动等关键信息
3. 能口头介绍自己的日常时间安排和空闲活动,书面撰写相关短文(如“我的一天”)
1. 考情规律:常出现在听力题(如听对话选日常活动)、语篇阅读(如阅读关于日常时间安排的短文)、写作题(如写短文介绍自己的日常)
2. 备考建议:梳理日常活动时间线,积累相关表达,通过模拟听力、口语介绍、书面写作巩固
语法项目
一般现在时(The Simple Present Tense):
1. 用法:
描述习惯性、经常性的动作(如 I get up at 6:30 every day.)
描述客观事实、真理(如 The earth goes around the sun.)
描述现阶段的状态(如 He works in a school.)
2. 句型结构:
肯定句:主语 + 动词原形/动词三单形式 + 其他(I/We/You/They work hard.;He/She/It works hard.)
否定句:主语 + don't/doesn't + 动词原形 + 其他(I/We/You/They don't work hard.;He/She/It doesn't work hard.)
一般疑问句:Do/Does + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他?(Do you work hard?;Does he work hard?)
特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词 + Do/Does + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他?(What do you do every day?;How does he go to school?)
3. 动词三单变化规则:
一般加 s(work → works, play → plays)
以 s/x/ch/sh/o 结尾加 es(pass → passes, fix → fixes, watch → watches, wash → washes, go → goes)
以辅音字母 + y 结尾,变 y 为 i 加 es(study → studies, try → tries)
1. 能准确判断一般现在时的适用场景,掌握其句型结构(肯定、否定、疑问)
2. 能熟练掌握动词三单变化规则,正确写出动词三单形式
3. 能在句子和语篇中正确运用一般现在时描述习惯性动作、客观事实等
1. 考情规律:基础必考点,出现在时态填空题(如根据主语和时间状语填动词形式)、选择题(如选择一般现在时的正确句型)、句型转换题(如改为否定句、一般疑问句)
2. 备考建议:整理一般现在时句型结构和动词三单变化表,通过专项练习(时态填空、句型转换)巩固,结合日常活动主题运用
知识点01 单元重点词汇(Unit 3)
1. tide n. 潮汐;潮流;趋势
2. memorize v. 记住,记忆
3. basic adj. 基础的,基本的
4. schedule adj. 安排时间,预定;n. 日程,计划,节目表
5. list v. & n. 列举
6. arrange v. 安排,整理
7. habit n. 习惯
8. daily adj. 日常的,每天的
9. method n. 方法,措施
10. tight adj. 紧的,严密的;牢固的
11. attend v. 出席,参加
12. staff n. 全体员工
13. relaxation n. 放松,休息
14. hike v. & n. 远足;徒步旅行
15. invite v. 邀请;请求
16. survey n. 调查,民意测验
17. indoor adj. 室内的
18. outdoor adj. 户外的,室外的
19. suggestion n. 建议,提议;暗示
20. weather n. 天气,气象预报;v. 经受住,变色
21. notice v. 注意,察觉
22. curious adj. 好奇的
23. sweaty adj. 满是汗的,汗津津的
24. rearrange v. 重新排列
25. form v. 形成,产生
一、词汇判断
1. 习惯(名词)
A. habit B. method C. list D. schedule
【答案】A
【详解】考查名词。A项意为“习惯”;B项意为“方法,措施”;C项意为“列举”(动词/名词);D项意为“安排时间,预定”(形容词)、“日程,计划”(名词)。故选A项。
2. 安排(动词)
A. attend B. arrange C. invite D. notice
【答案】B
【详解】考查动词。A项意为“出席,参加”;B项意为“安排,整理”;C项意为“邀请;请求”;D项意为“注意,察觉”。故选B项。
3. 户外的(形容词)
A. indoor B. daily C. outdoor D. tight
【答案】C
【详解】考查形容词。A项意为“室内的”;B项意为“日常的,每天的”;C项意为“户外的,室外的”;D项意为“紧的,严密的;牢固的”。故选C项。
4. 远足(名词/动词)
A. hike B. survey C. relaxation D. tide
【答案】A
【详解】考查名词/动词。A项意为“远足;徒步旅行”;B项意为“调查,民意测验”;C项意为“放松,休息”;D项意为“潮汐;潮流;趋势”。故选A项。
5. 基础的(形容词)
A. basic B. curious C. sweaty D. useful
【答案】A
【详解】考查形容词。A项意为“基础的,基本的”;B项意为“好奇的”;C项意为“满是汗的,汗津津的”;D项意为“有用的”(中职新课标常见词)。故选A项。
6. 记住(动词)
A. form B. memorize C. rearrange D. use
【答案】B
【详解】考查动词。A项意为“形成,产生”;B项意为“记住,记忆”;C项意为“重新排列”;D项意为“使用”(中职新课标常见词)。故选B项。
7. 天气(名词)
A. weather B. staff C. suggestion D. method
【答案】A
【详解】考查名词。A项意为“天气,气象预报”;B项意为“全体员工”;C项意为“建议,提议;暗示”;D项意为“方法,措施”。故选A项。
8. 参加(动词)
A. invite B. notice C. attend D. arrange
【答案】C
【详解】考查动词。A项意为“邀请;请求”;B项意为“注意,察觉”;C项意为“出席,参加”;D项意为“安排,整理”。故选C项。
9. 建议(名词)
A. survey B. suggestion C. relaxation D. tide
【答案】B
【详解】考查名词。A项意为“调查,民意测验”;B项意为“建议,提议;暗示”;C项意为“放松,休息”;D项意为“潮汐;潮流;趋势”。故选B项。
10. 形成(动词)
A. form B. memorize C. rearrange D. attend
【答案】A
【详解】考查动词。A项意为“形成,产生”;B项意为“记住,记忆”;C项意为“重新排列”;D项意为“出席,参加”。故选A项。
二、词汇填空
11.We need to make a ________ (日程,计划) for the coming week to make sure we finish all tasks on time. (汉语提示填空)
【答案】schedule
【详解】考查名词。句意:我们需要为下周制定一份日程计划,确保按时完成所有任务。根据汉语提示“日程,计划”可知,此处应填名词schedule,空前有不定冠词a,用单数形式。故填schedule。
12.She made a ________ (清单,列举) of all the things she needed to buy before going to the supermarket. (汉语提示填空)
【答案】list
【详解】考查名词。句意:去超市前,她把需要买的所有东西列了一个清单。根据汉语提示“清单,列举”可知,此处应填名词list,空前有不定冠词a,用单数形式。故填list。
13.It’s important to develop a ________ (日常的,每天的) reading habit to improve your language skills. (汉语提示填空)
【答案】daily
【详解】考查形容词。句意:培养日常阅读习惯对提高语言能力很重要。根据汉语提示“日常的,每天的”可知,此处应填形容词daily,修饰名词habit。故填daily。
14.The dress is too ________ (紧的) for me; could you give me a larger size? (汉语提示填空)
【答案】tight
【详解】考查形容词。句意:这条裙子对我来说太紧了,能给我一个大一点的尺码吗?根据汉语提示“紧的”可知,此处应填形容词tight,在句中作表语。故填tight。
15.All the ________ (全体员工) of the company will attend the annual meeting next Friday. (汉语提示填空)
【答案】staff
【详解】考查名词。句意:公司所有员工下周五将参加年度会议。根据汉语提示“全体员工”可知,此处应填名词staff,为集合名词,无需变复数。故填staff。
16.After a long day’s work, she likes listening to soft music for ________ (放松,休息). (汉语提示填空)
【答案】relaxation
【详解】考查名词。句意:忙碌一天后,她喜欢听轻音乐放松。根据汉语提示“放松,休息”可知,此处应填名词relaxation,为不可数名词,用原形即可。故填relaxation。
17.They will ________ (邀请) their classmates to join the outdoor activity this weekend. (汉语提示填空)
【答案】invite
【详解】考查动词。句意:他们将邀请同学参加这周末的户外活动。根据汉语提示“邀请”可知,此处应填动词invite,will后接动词原形。故填invite。
18.The students did a ________ (调查) about students’ after-school activities and wrote a report about it. (汉语提示填空)
【答案】survey
【详解】考查名词。句意:学生们做了一项关于学生课后活动的调查,并写了一份报告。根据汉语提示“调查”可知,此处应填名词survey,空前有不定冠词a,用单数形式。故填survey。
19.He felt ________ (好奇的) about how the machine worked and asked the engineer for an explanation. (汉语提示填空)
【答案】curious
【详解】考查形容词。句意:他对这台机器的工作原理感到好奇,向工程师请教了讲解。根据汉语提示“好奇的”可知,此处应填形容词curious,“feel curious about”为固定搭配,表示“对……感到好奇”。故填curious。
20.She was ________ (满是汗的) after running for half an hour in the hot sun. (汉语提示填空)
【答案】sweaty
【详解】考查形容词。句意:在烈日下跑了半小时后,她浑身是汗。根据汉语提示“满是汗的,汗津津的”可知,此处应填形容词sweaty,在句中作表语。故填sweaty。
知识点02 单元重点短语和句式句型(Unit 3)
重点短语
重点句式句型
Warm-up
have a plan for 有计划
make the best use of 充分利用…
keep a habit of 养成习惯
use odd time 使用空闲时间
chat with 与某人闲聊某事
have breakfast 吃早饭
go cycling 去骑自行车
read an English book 读一本英文书
listen to the radio 听收音机
surf the internet 网上冲浪
go shopping 去买东西
do homework 做作业
watch a movie 看电影
go to bed 去睡觉;安歇
Listening
be good for 对……有好处
be busy with 忙于;从事
have lunch 吃午餐
Reading
write to sb. about... 给某人写信
be happy for 为……高兴
be glad to 乐意
try to 设法;试图
help...with... 帮助....学习
have a tight schedule
有一个紧张的时间表
apart from 除了…外;此外
prepare my lessons 准备我的课程
attend a staff meeting 参加员工会议
once a week 每星期一次
do some exercise 做一些锻炼
hear from 收到...的来信
Speaking
on the playground 在操场上
talk about 讨论,谈论
in one’s free time 在空闲时间
do some running 做一些跑步
in the early morning 在清晨
do some sports 做一些运动
after school 放学后
do a survey on 做调查
such as 例如;譬如;诸如
as far as I know 据我所知
Culture corner
in the beginning 起初,首先
be curious about 对…好奇
come to know 知道;发觉
at any time of the year
在一年中的任何时候
be used to sth.
习惯于
Listening
1. —How is everything going?(——一切都好吗?)
—I’m good.(——我很好。)
2. —What do you do?(——你做什么工作?)
—I teach English.(——我教英语。)
3. —Are you busy with your teaching job?(——你的教学工作忙吗?)
—No, not exactly. I still have free time.(——不,不完全忙。我还有空闲时间。)
4. —We can find time to have lunch together.(——我们可以抽出时间一起吃午饭。)
—That’s a great idea.(——这是个好主意。)
Reading
1. Happy for having been here for two months and glad to say my students are very nice, friendly and hard-working.(很高兴我已经在这里待了两个月,也很欣慰地说,我的学生都非常友善、亲切且勤奋。)
2. I'm trying to help them with their English each day by using some interesting methods.(我每天都在用一些有趣的方法帮助他们学习英语。)
3. Apart from classes, I spend most of my time preparing my lessons.(除了上课,我大部分时间都在备课。)
4. I also need to attend a staff meeting once a week.(我还需要每周参加一次教职工会议。)
5. I stay healthy.(我保持着健康的状态。)
6. I try to spend half an hour each day doing some exercise.(我尽量每天花半小时做些运动。)
7. Hope to hear from you soon.(希望能尽快收到你的来信。)
Speaking
1. On the playground, Liu Jian and Li Ting are talking about their free time activities.(在操场上,刘剑和李婷正在谈论他们的空闲时间活动。)
2. What do you usually do in your free time?(你在空闲时间通常会做什么?)
3. I usually do some running in the early morning.(我通常在清晨跑步。)
4. I often go to the training room for my projects.(我经常去实训室做我的项目。)
5. You should find some time for relaxation.(你应该找点时间放松一下。)
6. How about hiking with me this weekend?(这个周末和我一起徒步旅行怎么样?)
Culture Corner
1. I've been in China for a very long time.(我在中国已经待了很长时间了。)
2. In the beginning, I didn't understand why people here love hot water so much.(一开始,我不明白为什么这里的人这么喜欢喝热水。)
3. I noticed that my students are as curious about why I drink cold water in winter as I am about why Chinese drink hot water in summer.(我注意到,我的学生对我为什么冬天喝冷水感到好奇,就像我对中国人为什么夏天喝热水感到好奇一样。)
4. Later, I came to know that in China people can have hot water at any time of the year.(后来我才知道,在中国,人们一年中的任何时候都能喝到热水。)
5. That's because they are used to it.(那是因为他们已经习惯这样了。)
一、短语填空
1.We should ________ ________ ________ (充分利用) every minute to improve our English skills. (汉语提示填空)
【答案】make the best use of
【详解】考查固定短语。句意:我们应该充分利用每一分钟来提高英语水平。根据汉语提示“充分利用”可知,此处应填固定短语make the best use of,情态动词should后接动词原形,故填make the best use of。
2.She always ________ ________ ________ (养成……的习惯) reading an English book before going to bed. (汉语提示填空)
【答案】keeps a habit of
【详解】考查固定短语。句意:她总是养成睡前读一本英文书的习惯。根据汉语提示“养成……的习惯”可知,此处应填固定短语keeps a habit of,主语She为第三人称单数,时态为一般现在时,谓语动词用第三人称单数形式keeps,故填keeps a habit of。
3.Apart from studying, she often ________ ________ (与……闲聊) her friends about their daily life after class. (汉语提示填空)
【答案】chats with
【详解】考查固定短语。句意:除了学习,她课后经常和朋友闲聊日常生活。根据汉语提示“与……闲聊”可知,此处应填固定短语chats with,主语she为第三人称单数,时态为一般现在时,谓语动词用第三人称单数形式chats,故填chats with。
4.He ________ ________ ________ (忙于) his work these days and has no time to go cycling with us. (汉语提示填空)
【答案】is busy with
【详解】考查固定短语。句意:他这些天忙于工作,没时间和我们去骑自行车。根据汉语提示“忙于”可知,此处应填固定短语is busy with,主语He为第三人称单数,be动词用is,故填is busy with。
5.I hope to ________ ________ ________ (收到……的来信) my pen pal who lives in Canada next month. (汉语提示填空)
【答案】hear from
【详解】考查固定短语。句意:我希望下个月能收到住在加拿大的笔友的来信。根据汉语提示“收到……的来信”可知,此处应填固定短语hear from,hope to后接动词原形,故填hear from。
二、汉译英
6.她每天清晨都会跑步,这对她的健康很有好处。
_______________________________________________________________________________
【答案】She does some running every early morning, which is good for her health.
【详解】考查固定短语和非限制性定语从句。“清晨”用early morning;“跑步”用does some running;“对……有好处”用固定短语is good for。此处用which引导非限制性定语从句,指代前文“每天清晨跑步”这件事,句子时态为一般现在时,故译为:She does some running every early morning, which is good for her health.
7.除了备课,王老师每周还需要参加一次教职工会议。
_______________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Apart from preparing her lessons, Miss Wang also needs to attend a staff meeting once a week.
【详解】考查固定短语。“除了……外”用固定短语Apart from,后接动词-ing形式preparing;“备课”为preparing her lessons;“每周一次”用once a week;“需要参加”用needs to attend。句子时态为一般现在时,故译为:Apart from preparing her lessons, Miss Wang also needs to attend a staff meeting once a week.
8.据我所知,他有一个紧张的日程表,但仍会抽出时间做运动。
_______________________________________________________________________________
【答案】As far as I know, he has a tight schedule, but he still finds time to do some exercise.
【详解】考查固定短语。“据我所知”用固定短语As far as I know;“紧张的日程表”为a tight schedule;“做运动”用do some exercise。but连接并列分句,句子时态为一般现在时,故译为:As far as I know, he has a tight schedule, but he still finds time to do some exercise.
9.起初,他不习惯喝热水,但现在已经适应了。
_______________________________________________________________________________
【答案】In the beginning, he was not used to drinking hot water, but now he has got used to it.
【详解】考查固定短语和时态。“起初”用固定短语In the beginning;“习惯于”用be used to doing sth.,前半句表“过去不习惯”,用was not used to drinking;后半句表“现在适应”,用has got used to it。but连接并列分句,故译为:In the beginning, he was not used to drinking hot water, but now he has got used to it.
10.他们计划周末去购物,并为下周的学习制定了计划。
_______________________________________________________________________________
【答案】They plan to go shopping this weekend and have a plan for next week’s study.
【详解】考查固定短语。“计划做某事”用plan to do sth.;“去购物”用固定短语go shopping;“为……制定计划”用have a plan for。and连接并列谓语,句子时态为一般现在时,故译为:They plan to go shopping this weekend and have a plan for next week’s study.
知识点03 单元重点语法(Unit 3)
一般现在时
一、定义与结构:
一般现在时表示经常发生的动作或状态。
分类
结构
例句
含有be动词(表示存在的状态)
肯定句
主语 + am/is/are + …
I am happy today.
我今天很开心。
否定句
主语 + am/is/are + not + …
He is not at home.
他不在家。
一般疑问句
Am/Is/Are + 主语 + … ?
肯定回答:Yes, 主语 + am/is/are.
否定回答:No, 主语 + am/is/are + not.
Are you hungry?
你饿了吗?
→ Yes, I am. / No, I am not.
表示经常发生的动作(含有实义动词)
肯定句
主语 + 动词(原形/三单形式) + …
You study hard.
你学习很努力。
否定句
主语 + don’t/doesn’t + 动词原形 + …
We don’t have class on Sunday.
我们周日没课。
一般疑问句
Do/Does + 主语 + 动词原形 + … ?
肯定回答:Yes, 主语 + do/does.
否定回答:No, 主语 + don’t/doesn’t.
Do you live in Shanghai?
你住在上海吗?
→ Yes, I do. / No, I don’t.
二、标志词
1.every系列
2.频度副词系列:always、usually、often、sometimes、seldom、hardly、never
三、动词第三人称单数的变化规则
规则
例句
一般情况下,动词后面直接加-s
play → plays 玩
work → works工作
live → lives居住
like → likes喜欢
以ch, sh, s, x或o结尾的动词,在后面加-es
watch → watches观看
teach → teaches教
wash → washes洗
brush → brushes刷
以辅音字母+y结尾的动词,变y为i再加-es
study → studies学习
carry → carries携带
fly → flies飞
try → tries尝试
特殊变化单独记
have → has有
be → is是
四、主语视为第三人称单数的情况
情况
例句
人称代词he、she、it
He plays football every day.他每天踢足球。
She works in a hospital.她在医院工作。
单个人名、地名或称呼
Tom likes reading books.汤姆喜欢读书。
Beijing is the capital of China.北京是中国的首都。
可数名词单数
The cat sleeps on the sofa.猫在沙发上睡觉。
A bird flies in the sky.一只鸟在天空中飞。
不定代词
Everyone is here.所有人都到齐了。
Something is wrong with my bike.我的自行车出了点问题。
指示代词
This is my pen.这是我的钢笔。
That looks interesting.那个看起来很有趣。
不可数名词
Water boils at 100℃.水在 100℃沸腾。
Music makes me happy.音乐让我开心。
单个数字或字母
Five is an odd number.5 是奇数。
“A” is the first letter.“A” 是第一个字母。
五、一般现在时的用法
用法
例句
表示现状、性质、状态和经常发生的动作、习惯性的动作或存在的状态。常用时间状语有 often, usually, as usual, sometimes, every day, always, once a week 等。
She often reads books before bedtime.
她经常睡前读书。
They walk to school every day.
他们每天步行上学。
He always drinks coffee in the morning.
他早上总是喝咖啡。
表示目前的特征、性格、个性和能力等
Mary speaks three languages.
玛丽会说三种语言。
表示永恒的真理、定理、定律、格言和客观事实
The earth revolves around the sun.
地球绕太阳公转。
Water freezes at 0℃.
水在 0 摄氏度结冰。
Honesty is the best policy.
诚实为上策。
here, there, up, down, out, in, often, off, away等词放在句首构成倒装句,表示现在正在进行的动作或状态
Here comes the bus!公交车来了!
There goes the bell.铃响了。
Out rushed the children.孩子们冲了出去。
在时间状语从句和条件状语从句中,主句是一般将来时,从句要用一般现在时(主将从现)
I will call you when he arrives.
他到了我就给你打电话。
If it rains tomorrow, we will stay at home.
如果明天下雨,我们就待在家里。
She will finish the work before her mother comes back.
她会在妈妈回来前完成工作。
时间表、时刻表、日程表、节目、课程表等按计划、安排或者规定将要发生的动作,用一般现在时,只限于 go, arrive, leave, start, stay, return, begin, come, finish, continue 等动词
The train leaves at 8:00 a.m.
火车早上 8 点发车。
The class starts at 9:30.
课程 9:30 开始。
宣布、声明、报道某事或介绍书籍、电影、戏剧、比赛等情节时
The news says the storm is moving north.
新闻报道暴风雨正在向北移动。
The book tells a story about friendship.
这本书讲述了一个关于友谊的故事。
一、单项选择
1.I ________ my room every Saturday.
A.clean B.cleans C.cleaned D.cleaning
【答案】A
【详解】考查一般现在时中动词的用法。句意:我每周六打扫我的房间。空处是句子谓语, “every Saturday”表明句子是一般现在时,主语I是第一人称,谓语动词用原形。故选A。
2.He ________ his homework after dinner.
A.do B.does C.did D.doing
【答案】B
【详解】考查一般现在时中动词形式。句意:他晚饭后做家庭作业。空处是句子谓语, 句子描述常规行为,用一般现在时,主语He是第三人称单数,谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式does。故选B。
3.—Does she any pencils?
—Yes,she three pencils.
A.have;has B.have;have C.has;have D.has;has
【答案】A
【详解】考查一般疑问句和主谓一致。句意:—她有铅笔吗?—是的,她有三支铅笔。分析句子可知,第一个空,是借助does构成的一般现在时的一般疑问句,其后的动词需要原形;第二个空,所在的句子主语为第三人称单数,根据主谓一致原则,动词需用第三人称单数形式,have的第三人称单数形式是has。故选A。
4.Mary, the new girl in our class, and I ________ good friends.
A.are B.was C.am D.were
【答案】A
【详解】考查动词的时态及主谓一致。句意:玛丽,我们班的新同学,和我是好朋友。句子描述的是一般事实,应用一般现在时。句子的主语“Mary, the new girl in our class, and I”是复数,be动词用are。故选A。
5.The student _________ two and a half hours ________ math every day.
A.spends; on B.spends; in
C.spend; with D.spend; at
【答案】A
【详解】考查固定短语及动词的时态。句意:这个学生每天花两个半小时学习数学。根据“every day”可知,句子描述的是一般事实,应用一般现在时。spend+时间/金钱+on sth./in doing sth 是固定短语,on后接名词,in后接动名词;根据“math”是名词可知,第一空应用介词“on”,且主语“The student”是第三人称单数,第二空动词用spends。故选A。
二、改错
6.Do you like star?
7.Does your friend likes salad?
8.Do Tom like carrots?
9.I don’t like strawberrys.
10.They have the breakfast at 6:00.
【答案】6.star→stars 7.likes→like 8.Do→Does 9.strawberrys→strawberries 10.去掉the
【解析】6.句意:你喜欢星星吗?star是可数名词,此处用复数形式,因此把star改为stars。故填star→stars。
7.句意:你的朋友喜欢沙拉吗?句中有助动词does,因此谓语动词用原形,likes改为like。故填likes→like。
8.句意:汤姆喜欢胡萝卜吗?Tom是第三人称单数,因此Do改为Does。故填Do→Does。
9.句意:我不喜欢草莓。strawberry的复数形式是strawberries。故填strawberrys→strawberries。
10.句意:他们在6点钟吃早饭。have breakfast“吃早饭”,固定搭配;因此the去掉。故填:去掉the。
知识点04 单元话题主题(Unit 3)
主题
Starting a New Day
功能话题
询问时间、星期、日期和应答
询问与提供自己的在校日常活动和计划
(1)—What time is it? /What's the time?
—It's seven o'clock.
(2)—What day is it today?
—It's Monday.
(3)—What's the date today? /What date is it?
—It's June 25th.
(1)—What do you usually do in your free time?
—I usually do some running...
(2)—Do you do some sports after school?
—Not often.
一、写作
1.假设你是光明中学的一名七年级学生Mike。你个头很高。你也很瘦。你跟朋友们一起步行上学。你喜欢语文。你喜欢音乐。你唱歌很好听。你打篮球也很棒。你总喜欢跟朋友在体育课上打篮球。你和你的爸爸妈妈爷爷一起生活。你很爱他们,他们也爱你。请你把上面这些信息整理成英文,并写一写。(不少于80词!)
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】例文:
My name is Mike. I am a student in Grade 7 at Guangming Middle School. I am tall and thin. I walk to school with my friends. I like Chinese literature and music. I have a good voice and enjoy singing. I am also good at basketball, and I often play with my friends during physical education classes. I live with my parents and grandpa. We all love each other very much.
【导语】本篇书面表达属于说明文。主要介绍了Mike的个人信息(身高体型、上学方式、学科喜好、音乐和篮球特长、家庭情况)。
【详解】1.词汇积累
瘦的:thin→ slim
喜欢:like→ love
好的:good→ fine
擅长:be good at→ do well in
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句:My name is Mike. I am a student in Grade 7 at Guangming Middle School.
拓展句:I am Mike, who is a student in Grade 7 at Guangming Middle School.
【点睛】【高分句型1】I have a good voice and enjoy singing. (运用了enjoy doing的固定用法)
【高分句型2】I am also good at basketball, and I often play with my friends during physical education classes. (运用了and连接的并列句)
二、补充对话
6. —How was your weekend?
—______.
A. It is sunny B. It's busy
C. It was interesting D. Not at all
【答案】C
【详解】考查问候与应答。句意:—你的周末过得怎么样?—很有趣。A. It is sunny天气晴朗;B. It's busy很忙;C. It was interesting很有趣;D. Not at all一点也不。问句用一般过去时询问周末的情况,答语也应用一般过去时描述周末的状态,It was interesting符合语境。故选C。
7. —What color is your pen?
—______.
A. A red B. The orange C. Red D. An orange
【答案】C
【详解】考查询问信息。句意:—你的钢笔是什么颜色的?—红色。A. A red表述错误,颜色前一般不加不定冠词;B. The orange这个橙子;C. Red红色;D. An orange一个橙子。问句询问颜色,应直接用颜色词回答,Red符合语境。故选C。
8. —Was the English test difficult?
—______. In fact, we found it very easy to do.
A. Yes, it was B. Very hard C. Nothing D. Not at all
【答案】D
【详解】考查询问信息。句意:—英语考试难吗?—一点也不。事实上,我们发现它很容易做。A. Yes, it was是的,它难;B. Very hard非常难;C. Nothing没什么;D. Not at all一点也不。根据“In fact, we found it very easy to do.”可知,考试不难,Not at all符合语境。故选D。
9. —What do White's family like?
—______.
A. Oh, it's really a big one B. His family is just mine
C. They all like sports D. They are all warm-hearted and helpful
【答案】C
【详解】考查询问信息。句意:—怀特一家喜欢什么?—他们都喜欢运动。A. Oh, it's really a big one哦,它真的很大;B. His family is just mine他的家庭和我的一样;C. They all like sports他们都喜欢运动;D. They are all warm-hearted and helpful他们都很热心且乐于助人。问句询问怀特一家的喜好,They all like sports符合语境。故选C。
10. —What time do you get up every day?
—______.
A. It's seven o'clock B. Seven o'clock time C. At seven o'clock D. On seven o'clock
【答案】C
【详解】考查询问信息。句意:—你每天几点起床?—在七点。A. It's seven o'clock现在七点了;B. Seven o'clock time表述错误;C. At seven o'clock在七点;D. On seven o'clock表述错误,具体时刻前用介词at。问句询问起床时间,At seven o'clock符合语境。故选C。
题型一 单项选择题
解|题|技|巧
1.时态判断:遵循 “主将从现”(as soon as/if 等引导的从句用一般现在时,主句用将来时);客观事实(如地球是圆的)用一般现在时,不受主句时态影响。
2.主谓一致:“together with/as well as” 等短语不影响主语,谓语与前主语一致;who 视为三单,复数主语用原形。
3.动词与句式:不及物动词(arrive)后需加介词,及物动词(reach)直接接宾语;反义疑问句 “前肯后否”,实义动词借助助动词,三单对应 does。
易|错|点|拨
1.时态混淆:“主将从现” 中易误给从句用将来时(如 if 后用 will rain);客观事实误随主句用过去时(如 said 后用 travelled)。
2.主谓一致错:受 “with” 后复数名词影响,误将谓语用原形(如 Cindy 后用 go)。
3.动词搭配误:arrive 后漏加 at/in,或混淆 make/do(如 “做晚饭” 错用 do dinner)。
【典例1】
(24-25高一下·浙江金华·期末)Tom will come to see you as soon as he ________ our city.
A.has been B.reaches C.arrives D.will get to
【答案】B
【详解】考查时态及动词辨析。句意:汤姆一到达我们这座城市就会来看你的。as soon as引导主从复合句,遵循“主将从现”,从句用一般现在时;主语he是三单,谓语需用三单形式。reaches(及物动词,直接接宾语)符合“our city”的搭配;arrives是不及物动词,后需加at/in;will get to违背“主将从现”;has been语义不符。故选B。
【变式】We ________ for a picnic if it ________ rain this Sunday.
A.go; won’t B.will go; doesn’t C.go; doesn’t D.will go; won’t
【答案】B
【详解】考查时态。句意:如果这周日不下雨,我们就去野餐。if引导条件状语从句,遵循“主将从现”,主句用一般将来时(will go),从句用一般现在时(doesn’t rain)。故选B。
【典例2】
(23-24高二上·河北保定·期末)Cindy together with her parents often ________ to the movies on weekends.
A.go B.goes C.has gone D.have gone
【答案】B
【详解】考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意:辛迪和她的父母经常在周末去看电影。“together with her parents”是伴随状语,真正主语是Cindy(三单);根据“often”可知用一般现在时,谓语需用三单形式goes。has/have gone表“去了未回”,与“often”矛盾。故选B。
【变式】Peter as well as his classmates ________ basketball every afternoon.
A.play B.plays C.played D.is playing
【答案】B
【详解】考查主谓一致和时态。句意:彼得和他的同学每天下午打篮球。“as well as”不影响主语,主语Peter是三单;根据“every afternoon”用一般现在时,谓语用plays。故选B。
【典例3】
(23-24高三上·河北石家庄·期末)— Who often ________ dinner in your family?
— My mother.
A.makes B.does C.making D.cooking
【答案】A
【详解】考查动词辨析和时态。句意:——在你家谁经常做晚饭?——我妈妈。“做晚饭”固定搭配是make dinner;who视为三单,根据“often”用一般现在时,谓语用makes。doing/cooking是动名词,不能作谓语;does无“做(饭)”的含义。故选A。
【变式】— What time do you usually ________ breakfast every morning?
— At 7 o’clock.
A.have B.has C.having D.to have
【答案】A
【详解】考查动词和时态。句意:——你每天早上通常几点吃早餐?——7点。“吃早餐”是have breakfast;主语是you,根据“usually”用一般现在时,谓语用原形have。故选A。
【典例4】
(23-24高二上·山东济宁·期末)His sister has a bad cough, ________ she?
A.wasn’t B.doesn’t C.hasn’t D.does
【答案】B
【详解】考查反义疑问句。句意:他姐姐咳嗽得可厉害了,是吧?前句是肯定句,后句需用否定;“has”此处是实义动词(表“有”),主语是三单,需借助助动词does,否定形式为doesn’t。hasn’t用于“has”表现在完成时的情况,此处不符。故选B。
【变式】They usually walk to school, ________ they?
A.do B.don’t C.will D.won’t
【答案】B
【详解】考查反义疑问句。句意:他们通常步行去上学,不是吗?前句是肯定句,用一般现在时,主语they是复数,借助助动词do,后句否定形式为don’t。故选B。
【典例5】
(23-24高一上·山东临沂·期末)The scientist told us that the earth ________ round.
A.is B.are C.was D.were
【答案】A
【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意:科学家告诉我们地球是圆的。宾语从句表“地球是圆的”这一客观事实,需用一般现在时;主语the earth是单数,谓语用is。was/were是过去时,不符合客观事实的时态要求;are用于复数主语。故选A。
【变式】Our teacher said that light ________ faster than sound.
A.travel B.travels C.travelled D.is travelling
【答案】B
【详解】考查时态。句意:老师说光比声音传播得快。宾语从句表“光比声音快”的客观事实,用一般现在时;主语light是不可数名词,谓语用travels。故选B。
题型二 完形填空题
解|题|技|巧
1.语境匹配:结合全文主题(校园生活)选符合学生日常的词,如第 1 题 “步行上学”(walk)符合学生场景,排除 drive/fly;第 2 题 “交作业”(hand in)匹配 “老师检查” 的语境。
2.逻辑关联:连词看前后句关系,如第 5 题 “打篮球” 与 “跑步” 是对比,用 while;动词 / 名词看上下文呼应,第 7 题 “绘画技巧”(drawing)呼应 “美术俱乐部”(art club)。
3.固定搭配:牢记短语结构,如第 10 题 “look forward to” 后接动名词(learning),直接锁定答案。
易|错|点|拨
1.脱离语境误选:如第 4 题易误选 boring,忽略 “学单词、唱英文歌” 是有趣的事;第 8 题易误选 busy,未结合 “学知识、交朋友” 体现的 “美好”(wonderful)。
2.固定搭配漏记:如第 10 题易误选 to learn,忘记 “look forward to” 中 to 是介词,需接动名词;第 6 题易误选 play,未注意后文 “分享故事” 对应 “交谈”(talk)。
3.连词逻辑混淆:如第 5 题易误选 but(表转折),忽略 while 表 “对比两种同时进行的动作” 的用法。
【典例1】(24-25高三下·河北邯郸·二模)School life is full of interesting experiences. Every morning, I 1 to school with my friends. We talk about our favorite TV shows and plans for the weekend on the way.
When we arrive at school, the first thing we do is to 2 our homework. The teachers check it carefully. Then, the bell rings, and we start our 3 classes. In math class, we solve difficult problems. English class is 4 because we can learn new words and sing English songs.
During the break, we go to the playground. Some students play basketball 5 others run around. I like to 6 with my classmates. We share funny stories and laugh a lot.
After school, there are many clubs. I am in the art club. We draw pictures and learn different 7 skills. It is a great way to show our creativity.
School life is 8 . We learn new knowledge, make friends, and have fun. Every day is 9 , and I look forward to 10 new things at school.
1.A.drive B.walk C.fly D.swim
2.A.hand in B.look for C.put away D.take out
3.A.morning B.afternoon C.evening D.night
4.A.boring B.difficult C.interesting D.tiring
5.A.or B.so C.but D.while
6.A.play B.talk C.fight D.dance
7.A.writing B.reading C.drawing D.singing
8.A.wonderful B.terrible C.busy D.quiet
9.A.the same B.different C.boring D.bad
10.A.learn B.learning C.to learn D.learned
【答案】
1.B 2.A 3.A 4.C 5.D 6.B 7.C 8.A 9.B 10.B
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章以第一人称视角描绘了丰富多彩的校园生活,展现了在学校学习知识、结交朋友、收获快乐的日常,强调每天的独特性与对校园新体验的期待。
1.考查动词词义辨析。句意:每天早上,我都和朋友们步行去学校。A. drive开车;B. walk走路;C. fly飞;D. swim游泳。根据“I … to school with my friends.”并结合选项可知,此处学生日常上学方式应是“走路”。故选B。
2.考查动词短语辨析。句意:当我们到达学校时,我们做的第一件事就是交作业。A. hand in上交;B. look for寻找;C. put away收起;D. take out拿出。根据“The teachers check it carefully.”可知,老师检查作业前需先“上交”。故选A。
3.考查名词词义辨析。句意:然后,铃声响起,我们开始上午的课程。A. morning早上;B. afternoon下午;C. evening晚上;D. night夜晚。根据前文“Every morning”及“arrive at school”可知,此处指“上午的”课程。故选A。
4.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:英语课很有趣,因为我们可以学习新单词和唱英文歌。A. boring无聊的;B. difficult困难的;C. interesting有趣的;D. tiring累人的。根据“because we can learn new words and sing English songs.”可知,这些活动让英语课“有趣”。故选C。
5.考查连词词义辨析。句意:一些学生打篮球,而另一些则四处跑步。A. or或者;B. so所以;C. but但是;D. while而。根据“Some students play basketball ... others run around.”可知,此处强调两种活动同时进行,用“while”连接表对比。故选D。
6.考查动词词义辨析。句意:我喜欢和同学们聊天。A. play玩耍;B. talk交谈;C. fight打架;D. dance跳舞。根据“We share funny stories”可知,“交谈”符合“分享故事”的语境。故选B。
7.考查动名词词义辨析。句意:我们画画并学习不同的绘画技巧。A. writing写作;B. reading阅读;C. drawing绘画;D. singing唱歌。根据“I am in the art club”及“draw pictures”可知,此处对应“绘画”技巧。故选C。
8.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:学校生活是美好的。A. wonderful美好的;B. terrible糟糕的;C. busy忙碌的;D. quiet安静的。根据“We learn new knowledge, make friends, and have fun.”可知,此处强调学校生活“美好”。故选A。
9.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:每一天都是不同的,我期待在学校学习新事物。A. the same相同的;B. different不同的;C. boring无聊的;D. bad坏的。根据“I look forward to ... new things at school.”可知,每天因“新事物”而“不同”。故选B。
10.考查非谓语动词。句意:每一天都是不同的,我期待在学校学习新事物。“look forward to doing sth.”为固定搭配,“to”是介词,后接动名词“learning”。故选B。
题型三 阅读理解题
解|题|技|巧
1.细节题定位:先读题干抓时间(如 Saturday morning)、事件(clean room)等关键词,再回原文找对应段落(如第 1 题定位 “On Saturday morning, he cleaned his room”),直接匹配答案。
2.同义转换识别:注意题干与原文的同义表达(如第 2 题 “easy” 对应原文 “not difficult”),快速锁定信息。
3.排除干扰项:如第 3 题 “周六晚上”,排除与时间不符的选项(home/school/playground 均非周六晚上地点),选 “aunt’s house”。
易|错|点|拨
1.时间混淆:易将 Saturday 与 Sunday 的活动弄混(如第 4 题误选 “swimming”,实为周日上午活动,午饭后是踢足球)。
2.细节遗漏:忽略原文具体描述(如第 5 题 “一小时” 直接在原文出现,易因粗心误选其他时长)。
3.同义转换不敏感:对 “not difficult=easy” 等转换不熟悉,可能误判第 2 题答案。
【典例1】(23-24高三上·山东济宁·期末)
Last week Johnny had a very busy weekend. On Saturday morning, he cleaned his room. That made his mother very happy. In the afternoon, he did his math homework. It was not difficult, so it only took him one hour to finish the homework. And in the evening, he went to visit his aunt with his parents. They had a big dinner there. The next morning, he went swimming after getting up. Usually he goes swimming twice a week. He loves it very much. After lunch he went to school playground and played football. That exercise makes him in a good health. On Sunday evening, he watched TV for an hour at home and then put the books in his schoolbag for the next day.
1.What did Johnny do on Saturday morning?
A.He went shopping. B.He cleaned his room.
C.He did his homework. D.He went running.
2.What about Johnny’s math homework?
A.It was easy. B.It was difficult.
C.It was too much. D.It was important.
3.Where was Johnny on Saturday evening?
A.At home. B.In his school.
C.On the playground. D.At his aunt’s house.
4.What did Johnny do after lunch on Sunday?
A.He played basketball. B.He played football.
C.He went swimming. D.He had a rest.
5.How long did Johnny watch TV on Sunday evening?
A.Half an hour. B.One hour.
C.Two hours. D.Three hours.
【答案】1.B 2.A 3.D 4.B 5.B
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文,主要介绍乔尼繁忙的周末生活具体活动。
1.细节理解题。根据“On Saturday morning, he cleaned his room. (在周六早上,他打扫房间。)”可知,乔尼在周六上午打扫房间。故选B。
2.细节理解题。根据“It was not difficult, so it only took him one hour to finish the homework.(不难,所以只花费他一个小时完成作业。)”可知,乔尼的数学作业是简单的。故选A。
3.细节理解题。根据“And in the evening, he went to visit his aunt with his parents. (并且在晚上,他去和父母拜访她的阿姨。)”可知,乔尼周六晚上是在阿姨家。故选D。
4.细节理解题。根据“After lunch he went to school playground and played football. (午饭后,他去学校操场并且踢足球。)”可知,在周日午饭过后乔尼去踢足球。故选B。
5.细节理解题。根据“On Sunday evening, he watched TV for an hour at home (在周日晚上,他在家看一个小时的电视。)”可知,在周日晚上乔尼看电视一小时。故选B。
题型四 补充对话题
解|题|技|巧
1.看答句定问句:若答句是 “Yes, of course”,问句多为一般疑问句(如第 1 题选 “Would you like to...”);若问句是 “How about you”,答句需回应前文话题(如第 4 题回应 “是否准备好”,选 “I’m ready too”)。
2.顺承语境补内容:根据前文动作逻辑补充(如第 2 题前提 “去公园”,后文提 “带食物野餐”,选 E;第 3 题前问 “带想吃的食物”,答句说 “带饼干”,选 A)。
3.结合后文找依据:如第 5 题后提 “地面不硬”,前文需描述与地面相关的场景(“有很多树叶” 符合,选 B)。
易|错|点|拨
1.忽略问答匹配:如第 1 题若误选 E(陈述句),无法对应答句 “Yes”;第 4 题若误选 A(说食物),偏离 “是否准备好” 的问句。
2.脱离语境逻辑:如第 2 题若误选 B(说树叶),与 “去公园” 的提议无顺承关系;第 5 题若误选 D(说准备好),无法衔接 “地面不硬” 的后文。
【典例1】(24-25高二下·全国·课前预习)补全对话
P: Baby, what a lovely day today! 1
K: Yes, of course.
P: Shall we go to the park? 2
K: OK.
P: Can you get the food you’d like to eat?
K: Yes. 3
P: Mommy will prepare some fruits and salad. I’m ready now. How about you?
K: 4
P: Now let’s go. We have arrived at the park. Let’s find a place to spread our blanket.
K: Mommy, here.
P: OK. 5 The ground is not so hard. It’s really a good place. Now let’s get out our blanket and food.
A.I will bring my cookies.
B.There’re so many leaves here.
C.Would you like to play outside?
D.I’m ready too.
E.We can take some food and have picnic there.
【答案】1.C 2.E 3.A 4.D 5.B
【导语】本文是一段关于母子 / 女计划去公园野餐的对话。
1.根据答语Yes, of course. (好的,当然。)以及对话情境可知,这里是提出外出相关建议,C 选项“你想出去玩吗?”符合语境。故选C。
2.根据前面说 Shall we go to the park? (我们去公园好吗?)可知 ,这里是对去公园做什么的补充,E选项“我们可以带些食物在那儿野餐。”符合语境 。故选E。
3.根据前面问Can you get the food you’d like to eat? (你能准备好你想吃的食物吗?)可知,这里是回应带的食物,A 选项“我会带上我的饼干。”符合语境。故选A。
4.根据前面说 I’m ready now. How about you? (我准备好了。你呢?) 可知,这里是回应是否已经准备好,D 选项“我也准备好。”符合语境。故选D。
5.根据后面说The ground is not so hard. (地面没那么硬。)可知 ,这里是描述所选地方的情况,B 选项 “这儿有好多树叶。”符合语境。故选B。
题型五 汉译英题
解|题|技|巧
1.确定时态:根据 “经常、每天、总是、通常” 等频度副词,判断用一般现在时;主语是三单(she/he/my mother),谓语动词变三单(helps/likes/tries),主语是 I,用动词原形(have)。
2.锁定固定搭配:牢记核心短语,如 “帮助某人做某事” help sb. practice doing、“喜欢做某事” like doing、“起床” get up、“尽力” try one’s best to do、“吃午饭” have lunch。
3.补充状语:明确时间(at 6 o’clock every day)、地点(in the cafeteria)、方式(in her free time)等状语,按 “主谓宾 + 状语” 顺序组织句子。
易|错|点|拨
1.谓语动词三单遗漏:主语是三单时,易漏变动词形式(如 he 后用 get up 而非 gets up)。
非谓语动词错用:如 “practice” 后误接动词原形(practice speak),忽略需接动名词;“like” 后误接 to listen,忘记 like doing 表习惯。
2.固定短语混淆:如 “吃午饭” 误写为 eat lunch(常用 have lunch);“尽力” 漏写 one’s(如 try best,应为 try his best)。
【典例1】(25-26高三上·河南·阶段练习)她经常帮助我们练习说英语。(句子汉译英)
【答案】She often helps us practice speaking English.
【详解】考查陈述句和非谓语动词。根据“经常”和“。”可知,这是一个一般现在时的陈述句。她:She,人称代词作主语;经常:often,频度副词作状语;帮助:helps,动词三单作谓语;我们:us,人称代词宾格作宾语;练习说英语:practice speaking English,省略to的不定式作宾语补足语,“speaking English”是动名词短语作宾语。故本句译为:She often helps us practice speaking English.
【典例2】(23-24高三上·山东济宁·期末)我妈妈喜欢在空闲时听听音乐。(句子汉译英)
.
【答案】My mother likes listening to music in her free time.
【详解】考查陈述句。根据句意和标点符号可知,这是一个一般现在时的陈述句。我妈妈:My mother,作主语;喜欢:likes,作谓语;听听音乐:listening to music,作宾语;在空闲时:in her free time,作时间状语。故本句译为:My mother likes listening to music in her free time.
【典例3】(23-24高一上·广西南宁·期末)他每天6点钟起床。(句子汉译英)
【答案】He gets up at 6 o’clock every day.
【详解】考查动词的时态。他:He,作主语;起床:gets up,作谓语,一般现在时;每天6点钟:at 6 o’clock every day,作时间状语。故本句译为:He gets up at 6 o’clock every day.
【典例4】(25-26高二上·安徽·阶段练习)他总是尽力完成工作。(句子汉译英)
【答案】He always tries his best to finish the work.
【详解】考查一般现在时的陈述句和不定式作目的状语。根据“。”和“总是”可知,这是一般现在时的陈述句。他:He,人称代词作主语;总是:always,频度副词;尽力:tries his best,动宾短语,一般现在时;完成工作:to finish the work,不定式短语作目的状语。故本句译为:He always tries his best to finish the work.
【典例5】(2023高一上·全国·专题练习)我通常在食堂吃午饭。(句子汉译英)
【答案】I usually have lunch in the cafeteria.
【详解】考查陈述句和一般现在时。根据“通常”和“。”可知,该句是一般现在时的陈述句。我:I,作主语;通常:usually,作状语,吃:have,作谓语,用一般现在时;午饭:lunch,作宾语;在食堂:in the cafeteria,作地点状语。故本句译为:I usually have lunch in the cafeteria.
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