Unit 5 Languages Around the World Discovering Useful Structures 课件-2025-2026学年高中英语人教版必修第一册

该高中英语课件聚焦限制性定语从句，核心讲解关系副词when、where、why的用法及与关系代词的区分，辅以“介词+关系代词”结构。课堂导入从复习定语从句基本概念入手，通过定义解析、结构拆解、例句分析逐步深入，衔接高考真题实例，构建从基础到应用的递进式学习支架。 其亮点在于紧密结合高考真题提升学生语言能力，如2024新课标卷真题解析帮助学生掌握考点；通过关系代词与关系副词的对比辨析培养思维品质，如“从句缺主宾用代词，缺状语用副词”的判断方法；用总结表格和语法填空练习强化学习能力，如关系副词与“介词+关系代词”转换表。学生能系统巩固语法应对考试，教师可直接利用资料高效开展教学。

Restrictive relative clause 限制性定语从句-关系副词 Unit 5 Discovering Useful Structures relative clasuse: what is it? 定语从句 定义 从句 关系词 修饰名词或代词的句子 被修饰的名词或代词 引导定语从句的关联词 关系代词 关系副词 who whom that which whose as when where why eg. He hates dogs that chase him. 结构 先行词 关系词 关系代词 ：代替先行词，代替名词或代词 关系副词 = 介词+先行词 = 介词+名词或代词 The army sent 150, 000 soldiers to Tangshan to dig out those【 who were trapped 】. 先行词 those 关系词 名词或代词 who 定语从句 基本概念 Review 引导定 语从句 代替先行词 在从句中作句子成分 选择正确的关系词词 关系代词 关系副词 指人 指物 who (主语, 宾语) whom (宾语) that (主语, 宾语) whose (定语) as (主语, 宾语, 表语) which (主语, 宾语) that (主语, 宾语) whose (定语) as (主语, 宾语, 表语) where (地点状语) when ( 时间状语) why (原因状语) person time thing place reason who that which whom whose when where why relative adverbials 关系副词 relative pronouns 关系代词 that whose 1.He likes to use the dictionary was published in 1986. 2. Have you seen the books he bought yesterday? 3. The boys are planting trees on the hill are middle school students. 4. The student we visited yesterday is a famous artist. 5. She is the girl father is a professor. 6.He lives in the room windows face south. which/that (which/that) who/that (who/whom/that) whose whose Review 1.【2024·新课标Ⅰ卷】The Glasshouse stands as a great achievement in contemporary design, to house the plants of the southwestern part of China at the end of a path retracing the steps along the Silk Route _________ brought the plants from their native habitat in Asia to come to define much of the richness of gardening in England. 答案：that/which 解析：考查定语从句。句意：这座温室是当代设计的巅峰之作，位于追溯丝绸之路的道路尽头，将中国西南的植物容纳其中，将这些植物从亚洲的原生栖息地带到英格兰，定义了英格兰园艺的丰富性。此处引导限制性定语从句，先行词指物，且在从句中作主语，应用关系代词that/which。故填that/which。 链接高考 2.【2024·新课标Ⅱ卷】Chinese cultural elements commemorating(纪念) Tang Xianzu, _________ is known as "the Shakespeare of Asia," add an international character to Stratford-upon-Avon, William Shakespeare's hometown. 答案：who 解析：考查定语从句。句意：为了纪念被誉为“亚洲莎士比亚”的汤显祖，中国文化元素为莎士比亚的故乡——埃文河畔的斯特拉特福增添了国际化的色彩。此处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词Tang Xianzu，且从句中缺少主语，应用关系代词who。故填who。 链接高考 3.【2022·新课标Ⅰ卷】The GPNP is intended to provide stronger protection for all the species _________ live within the Giant Panda Range and significantly improve the health of the ecosystem in the area. 答案：that 解析：考查定语从句。句意：GPNP旨在为生活在Giant Panda Range的所有物种提供更有力的保护，并显著改善该地区的生态系统健康。此处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词the species，且前有不定代词all，应用关系代词that。故填that。 链接高考 关系副词: when,where,why 关系副词引导定语从句 在定语从句中，先行词是物或reason，表时间、地点、原因，从句不缺主语、宾语（或者说从句是一个完整的基本句型），用when，where，why引导定语从句，在句子中做状语。 关系副词 关系副词 先行词 功能 when 先行词通常为表示时间的名词，如time、day、occasion 等。 作时间状语 where 先行词通常为表示具体或抽象地点的名词，如place、position(位置)、situation、point(阶段) 等。 作地点状语 why 先行词通常为 reason(s)。 作原因状语 Fill in the blanks. Remember the first day ______ I saw your face. Remember the first day______you smiled at me. There’s a place downtown______the freaks all come around. It’s a hole in the world. Oh, she must be the reason_____god made a girl. She is so pretty all over the world. when when where why 关系副词 when指时间，在定语从句中作时间状语，先行词通常为time, day, morning, night, week, month, year等表示时间的名词，常用on which, in which, at which, during which等代替。 when指时间 =介词+which We will put off the picnic in the park until next week，when the weather may be better. 我们将把在公园里的野餐推迟到下个星期，那时候天气可能会更好。 As the smallest child of his family, Alex is always longing for the time when he should be able to be independent. 作为家中最小的孩子，亚历克斯总是渴望自己能够独立的日子。 The season which/that they were talking about was autumn. 他们正在谈论的季节是秋天。 where 指地点，在定语从句中作地点状语时，先行词应该是表示地点的名词或抽象地点（如position(位置)， point(阶段)， case(情况)， stage(阶段)， situation(情形)等）名词。（where=at/in/on+which） Eg: This is the house where I lived two years ago. 【及时巩固】用适当的关系副词填空。 1.This is the place _______ we held the party last week. 2.This is the village _______ my father was born. 3.Nowadays people are more concerned about the environment ______they live. where指地点=介词+which where where where why指原因 关系副词why引导的定语从句表示 (先行词一般是reason), 在定语从句中作原因状语，相当于“for which”。 Eg: There are many reasons why people like traveling. 【及时巩固】用适当的关系副词填空。 1.I don't know the reason _______he didn't turn to his good friends for help yesterday. 2.There are many reasons _______ people learn a foreign language. 3.The boss doesn't want to hear any reason (that/which) you might give. 老板不想听你所提出的任何理由。 why指原因=for+which why why 关系副词 P64 It was a time when people were divided geographically. Emperor Qinshihuang united the seven major states into one unified country where the Chinese writing system began to develop in one direction. There are many reasons why people learn a foreign language. These were animal bones and shells on which symbols were carved by ancient Chinese people. 在从句中作状语 -- 时间 在从句中作状语 -- 地点 在从句中作状语 -- 原因 在从句中作状语 -- 地点 where 1．According to experts，this type of Chinese folk art originated from the Ming Dynasty _____ sugar animals and figures were created as part of ceremonies for sacrifice. when 2．Woesler said that one of the reasons ____ modern Chinese literature has attracted him is that many works have strong regional characteristics. 3．Adolescence is an important period in a person's growth ____ guidance is badly needed in shaping the characters of the teenagers. 4．Some people grow up in more formal families _____ hugging isn't common. Others may experience abuse that makes hugging unpleasant. why when where 关系副词与关系代词的区分 This is the reason why/for which I didn’t come. The reason which/that she gave was not true. 小结：指时间，地点或原因的先行词在定语从句中： 作状语时，用关系副词when/where/why引导； 作主语或宾语时，用关系代词which或that引导。 1. I’ll never forget the day ________ I lived in the mountains. I’ll never forget the day ________________ I spent in the mountains. 2.This is the house ________ he was born. This is the house ______________was set up by his parents. 3.This is the reason _______ he was late. This is the reason _______________he told us for his being late. when that/which when why that/which that/which (1)当先行词为一些表示抽象地点的名词，如point，situation，case，stage，state, example, family, group, team, club等时，如果引导词在从句中作状语，常用关系副词where引导定语从句。 (2)先行词occasion意为“时机”时，用关系副词when；意为“场合”时，用关系副词where。 (3)当先行词way意为“方法、方式”，且在从句中作状语时，可用that，in which （in this way）或省略关系词这三种形式。 I have come to the point where/at which I can't stand him. 我已经到了无法容忍他的地步。 The case _______ he gave is difficult to understand. Can you give us a case ______ this word can be used as a noun? lease pay attention to the points _____ are underlined. Their marriage has reached a point _____ a slightest quarrel can cause divorce. that/ which where that/ which where 看清楚从句是否缺成分 ① 从句缺少主、宾、定语 关系代词 关系副词 ② 从句缺状语 　若介词放在关系代词之前，关系代词指人时常用whom，指物时常用which。whose可以转化为“the＋名词＋of which/whom”。另外，whose也可以放在介词后，即“介词＋whose＋名词”结构。 Some experts think reading is the fundamental skill upon which school education depends. 一些专家认为阅读是学校教育所依赖的基本技能。 “介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句 1．William Hastie once suggested that history informs us of past mistakes from _____ we can learn without repeating them. 2．China has many museums in _____ the collections of cultural relics are beyond count.It would be a pity if so many cultural relics and cultural heritages were only displayed in museum cabinets，lifeless and cold. which which 介词含义/搭配 关系副词 先行词 句中成分 介词＋关系代词 where 地点 地点状语 in / from which He saw a hole in the wall, from which sea water was running. when 时间 时间状语 on/at/during...+which The moment at which we got together finally came. I still remember the day on which I first came to the school. There followed a gap of four years, during which he joined the Army. why 原因 原因状语 for which Please tell me the reason for which you are late. A letter box is a box with a hole ________ which the postman puts the letters. A library is a place ________ which you borrow books. A classroom is a place _________ which you study. A good friend is a person ________ whom you share your sadness and happiness. 5. He isn’t the kind of person _________ whom you can rely to finish the job. 6. This is the family _________ which the cat belongs. through from in with on to 7.(2023·全国乙卷)But for all its ancient buildings，Beijing is also a place ________ welcomes the fast-paced development of modern life，with 21st-century architectural wonders standing side by side with historical buildings of the past. 8．(2023·全国甲卷)“There was once a town in the heart of America ________ all life seemed to enjoy peaceful co-existence with its surroundings，”her fable begins，... 9．(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)The GPNP is intended to provide stronger protection for all the species ________ live within the Giant Panda Range and significantly improve the health of the ecosystem in the area. 10．(2022·全国甲卷)On the 1，100-kilometer journey，the man Cao Shengkang，________ lost his eyesight at the age of eight in a car accident，crossed 40 cities and counties in three provinces. that/which where that who Summary 关系副词 先行词 句中成分 where 地点 地点状语 when 时间 时间状语 why 原因 原因状语 关系副词=介词+关系代词 where (=in/at/on which) when (=on/during/in which) why (=for which) When I started studying German, it was a struggle. The words felt strange on my tongue and the grammar would not stay in my head. I told my mum that I wanted to give up, and that I would never live in a country __________________ German was spoken. My mum told me that studying a language was not just for my future. It was exercise for the brain; the more I learnt of a language, the more my brain would grow. And I remember that day __________________ I suddenly felt like German was no longer a foreign language. It felt like my brain had doubled in size. I had finally come to a place ___________________ I could think in this foreign language, and I could see the world from a different point of view. I felt as if I had reached the goal _______________ I had been fighting for. I could open a book and see meanings, not just a sea of words. I finally understood the reason ___________ my mum had encouraged me not to give up. How German connects me with the world. Read and complete. where/in which when/on which where/at which that/which why P64 2）【勘误】help up —> help us 3) date back to 用一般现在时 27 1. （2020江苏卷）Many lessons are now available online, from ______ students can choose for free. 2. （2019江苏卷）We have entered into an age _______ dreams have the best chance of coming true. 3.（2019江苏卷）Their child is at the stage_________ she can say individual words but not full sentences. which when 链接高考 where 用恰当的关系代词，关系副词或“介词+关系代词”完成句子。 4．We visited the house _____ the famous scientist once lived. 5．The photo reminded me of the days ________ I played hide－and－seek with my brother and I stayed for six years. 6．It was a period _____ they had discussion very frequently. 7．The problem has come to a point ________ everyone has different opinions and it is difficult to reach an agreement. where when when where 8．The days _______ they travelled together meant a lot to him. 9．Nobody knows the reason _______ she didn't go to the party. 10．We visited the house _______ the famous scientist once lived. 11．The car _______ window got broken in the accident belongs to Mr. Brown. 12．The Smiths have two children, both of _______ work in New York. 13．Miss Liu is an excellent teacher _______ whom I have learnt a lot. 14．We have come to a point _______ everyone has different opinions and it is difficult to reach an agreement. when why where whose whom from where 15.I’ll never forget the day ______________ I joined the army. 16.The factory ____________ his father works is far away from my hometown. 17.I don’t know the reason_____________ he was late for school. 18.This is the camera ___________ he often takes photos. 19.He lives in a room, the window __________ faces west. on which/when where/in which for which/why with which of which 20. When I turned around, I saw a red car like my own come out of the street ______ I had parked. 21. They rushed over to help the man _____ car had broken down. 22. So long as you stick to it, the moment will come _____ you can have your dream come true. 23. The man, from ______ I learned the news, is an engineer. 24. We don’t want anyone ____ can’t afford the tuition fee to drop out of school. 25. I will never forget such a beautiful village _________ I spent my childhood with my grandparents. where whose when whom who where Time that is lost is never found again. 时光一去不复返， 要珍惜时间。 Thanks for listening. $