Unit 3 Same or Different Section B 3a～3c 语言点精讲精练 2025-2026学年人教版英语八年级上册

本初中英语讲义聚焦Unit 3 Section B 3a-3c核心语言点，系统梳理“make sb. + 动词原形/adj.”结构、“reach for your hand”引申义、if引导宾语从句、care about与care for辨析及reach多义用法。从基础用法解析到语境拓展应用，构建由浅入深的递进式学习支架。 资料亮点在于精讲结合实例拓展，精练涵盖填空、阅读、书面表达等多元题型，通过完形填空、观点表达等语境化任务，培养学生语言理解与表达能力及分析比较的思维品质。详细解析助力课中教学实施，课后可帮助学生巩固知识，查漏补缺，提升自主学习能力。

Unit 3 Section B 3a-3c语言点精讲精练 I．语言点精讲 1. When I feel sad or have a problem, she makes me laugh and feel better. 当我感到难过或遇到困难时，她会逗我笑，让我感觉好起来。 makes me laugh 使用 “make sb. + 动词原形” 结构（使某人做某事） 【拓展】 make sb. + adj. “使某人变得……” 或 “让某人处于…… 状态” 例如：The news made her happy. 这个消息让她开心。 His words made me angry. 他的话让我生气。 Exercise makes you healthy. 运动使你健康。 2. A true friend reaches for your hand and touches your heart. 真正的朋友是在需要时向你伸出援手，并且触动你心灵的人。 reaches for your hand 字面意为 “伸手握住你的手”，引申为在你需要时给予帮助 / 支持（象征陪伴与援助）。 touches your heart 直译为 “触动你的心灵”，强调情感上的共鸣与深刻影响。 【拓展】friendship True friendship is a plant of slow growth. 真正的友谊是一棵生长缓慢的植物。True friends share not only joys but also sorrows. 真正的朋友不仅分享快乐，也分担悲伤。 3. I don't really care if my friends are similar to or different from me. 我并不十分在乎我的朋友与我相似还是不同。 if 【连词】是否引导宾语从句 (从句应用陈述语序), 常用于 ask、 know、find out、wonder 等动词 (短语) 之后。whether "是否" 也可引导宾语从句，有时可与 if 互换。 我不知道他是否在家。I don't know if/whether he is at home. 这位老妇人问我是否知道去医院的路。 The old woman asked me If I knew the way to the hospital. 4. I know she cares about me because she's always there to listen. 我知道她很关心我，因为（我需要时）她总是在我身边倾听。 ① care about 关心；担心 后接名词或代词作宾语。 ② care for = look after= take care of 照顾，照料；非常喜欢 作为青少年，我们应该照顾老人。 As teenagers, we should care for the old. 孩子们应该学会理解和关心父母。 Kids should learn to understand and care about parents. 5.My favourite saying is, "A true friend reaches for your hand and touches your heart." 我最喜欢的格言是：" 真正的朋友会向你伸出援手，触动你的心。" reach /ri:tʃ/ v. 伸手；达到 ① reach for 伸手触碰 ② 达到（某一阶段等）；到达，抵达 她伸手拿起了电话。 She reached for the telephone and picked it up. 我们深夜到达了北京。 We reached Beijing late at night. II．语言点精练 一、用所给词的适当形式填空 1. The story ________ (touch) me greatly yesterday. 2. In life, we have to face many different _______（situation）. 3. Tingting speaks English ________ (well) than me, so I want to learn from her. 4. There is a saying, “Actions speak ________ (loud) than words”. 5. It’s very difficult to ________ the problem of water pollution . (solution) 二、根据汉语提示完成句子 1. 不要害怕犯错误，你能从中学到很多。 Don’t be afraid of ________ ________ and you will ________ a lot ________ it. 2. 这道数学题比那道简单得多。 This maths problem is _______ _______ _______ that one. 3. 人工智能现在已到来, 它在很多方面影响我们。 AI is here now and it influences us ________ ________ ________. 4. 这些贝壳像彩虹一样色彩鲜艳。 The shells are ________ ________ ________ rainbows. 5. 当你结交新朋友时，做你自己，你就会找到真正喜欢你的人。 When you make new friends, ________ ________, and you’ll find those who truly like you. 三、单项选择 ( )1. Lucy has the same shirt me, but the color is different. A. to B. As C. from D. for ( )2. — What does your new teacher ? — — She is tall and thin. A.be like B. look like C. feel like D. be alike ( )3. the good weather, we had a great trip last weekend. A. Thanks to B. Thanks for C. Instead of D. As for ( )4. Talk shows are interesting. I enjoy watching them when I am down. A. kinds of B. a kind of C. kind of D. all kinds of ( )5. I was straightforward and sometimes hurt others' feelings. But now I am than Iwas. A. as direct B. more direct C. not direct D. less direct 四、阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确的形式填空（每词限用一次）。 because   good   bad   win   be   of   both   to   friend   I About three years ago, I felt very lonely. My classmates didn’t want to talk with me 1 I had poor grades. My parents were always saying that other kids were 2 than me. I thought I 3 the most unlucky person in the world. One day, I had a big fight with one of my friends. I was so angry that I hit him in the face. Just at the moment, a boy stood up and stopped the fight. He was the monitor 4 our class. After that, we always studied together and became good 5 . Whenever I got angry or sad, he would help 6 to calm down. My life began to change (改变) because of the boy, my best friend. We spent a lot of days studying together. As time went by, 7 of us became happier and got along better with everyone here. And it seemed that people accepted my change too. My parents didn't shout at me any more and my classmates became friendly 8 me. My grades became higher and I even 9 the first prize in the English competition. But now I can't often see my best friend because he is 10 ill and is staying in hospital. How I miss the days when we were together! I hope he will be well and come back to school soon. 五、完形填空。 To live a better life, everyone needs friends. Do you have lots of friends? What do you 1 friends and friendship? And are they very important to you? Some of your friends may have different views and interests, while some like doing the same 2 as you. Do you like the friends different from you 3 the same as you? You may like the friends who 4 the same interests as you. But I don’t really care. I have two good friends. Who are they? They are Peter and James. Peter is 5 me. I am a quiet boy, and Peter is also quiet. We 6 enjoy reading books and surfing the Internet. At weekends, we often go to the library or 7 on the computer together. But James is very different from us. He likes playing ball games, and he is more athletic (擅长运动的) than us. He is 8 more outgoing. He likes talking and often makes 9 laugh. Both of the two friends make me feel happy in my life. You see, friends are not 10 to be the same. Do you agree with me? Who is your best friend? Could you say something about him or her? 1．A．talk about B．think of C．thanks for D．look at 2．A．interests B．views C．things D．habits 3．A．or B．and C．until D．but 4．A．are B．have C．show D．get 5．A．like B．as C．for D．with 6．A．all B．each C．both D．some 7．A．watch B．teach C．bring D．play 8．A．a few B．few C．a lot D．little 9．A．him B．her C．them D．us 10．A．important B．necessary C．difficult D．different 六、阅读单选 S, M, P and C stand for different people who have different personalities. S people are the most popular at the party. They are friendly, energetic and humorous. They are interested in anything new and exciting and others always have fun with them. At the same time, they are careless and forgetful. M people are very careful and do everything as planned. They always want to find faults and never feel pleased with anything around them. They are strict with themselves, as well as with others. M people are real friends. If they make friends with you, it means that they will be your friends for life. They will do anything for their friends at any time. P people can easily be satisfied. They are peaceful and calm. But being peaceful and calm makes them very dull (迟钝的). They are always bystanders. P people are good listeners and are always ready to accept others’ opinions. C people are leaders and workaholics (工作狂). They are brave and are never afraid of taking risks. However, they don’t care about others’ opinions and seldom think of others. They want others to follow them, but they hate waiting for others. There are no good or bad personalities. Every personality has two sides. If someone knows himself well, tries to improve the positive things and tries to throw away the negative ones, he will have a better life. 1．According to the passage, we can know that S people are ______. A．quiet B．serious C．outgoing D．lazy 2．What does the underlined word “faults” mean in Chinese? A．缺点 B．快乐 C．麻烦 D．优点 3．Which of the following is TRUE about P people? A．They are friendly, energetic and humorous. B．They are peaceful and calm. C．They are brave and are never afraid of anything. D．They are careful, and do everything as planned. 4．Who are brave? A．C people. B．P people. C．S people. D．M people. 5．Which of the following is NOT mentioned? A．Different people have different personalities. B．C people play the most important role in the modern world. C．P people are always bystanders. D．If we know ourselves well, we’ll have a better life. 七、阅读回答问题 Linda is a middle school student. She is tall and thin. Because she is kind and outgoing, she has a lot of good friends. They have many similar hobbies, such as swimming, watching movies and taking photos. Linda is a great student at school. She studies much harder than any other student in her class, so she always gets high grades. She often helps her friends with their homework. These days, Linda gets interested in playing chess. Amy, one of her best friends, is great at it and she teaches Linda to play chess. Thanks to her hard work, Linda is getting better at her new hobby now. 1．What does Linda look like? _________________________________________________________ 2．Why does Linda have a lot of friends? _________________________________________________________ 3．What are the similar hobbies of Linda and her friends? _________________________________________________________ 4．What do you think of Amy? _________________________________________________________ 5．Is Linda popular at school? _________________________________________________________ 八、书面表达 假设你是Linda的好朋友，请你以“My Friend and I”为题，写一篇不少于70词的短文来介绍你和你的朋友Linda。 内容包括： 1.对比你和Linda在外貌、学习和性格等方面的不同； 2.你对友谊的看法。 要求： 1.语句连贯合理； 2.不少于70词。 My Friend and I ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ II. 语言点精练参考答案及解析 一、用所给词的适当形式填空 【答案】1. touched 2. situations 3. better 4. louder 5. solve 二、根据汉语提示完成句子 【答案】1. making mistakes; learn from 2. much easier / simpler than 3. in many ways 4. as colorful as 5. be yourself 三、单项选择 【答案】1~5 BBACD 四、阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确的形式填空（每词限用一次）。 【答案】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者三年前因成绩差感到孤独，后来在班长的帮助下改变自己，成绩提高并获奖的故事。 1．句意：我的同学不想和我说话，因为我成绩差。空格前后是因果关系，需用连词because连接。故填because。 2．句意：父母总说其他孩子比我好。根据前文“I had poor grades”可知，“我”成绩差，父母总觉得其他孩子更好。than提示用比较级，good的比较级是better。故填better。 3．句意：我认为自己是世界上最不幸的人。此处应该填入系动词，描述过去状态，主语I需用was。故填was。 4．句意：他是我们班的班长。the monitor of…表示所属关系。故填of。 5．句意：在那之后，我们总是在一起学习，成了好朋友。根据后文“because of the boy, my best friend”可知，双方成为好朋友。用复数friends表示双方关系。故填friends。 6．句意：每当我生气或难过时，他会帮助我冷静下来。根据“Whenever I got angry or sad”可知，他帮助“我”冷静，动词help后接宾格me作宾语。故填me。 7．句意：随着时间的流逝，我们俩都变得更快乐，与这里的所有人都相处得更好。both of…表示“两者都”。故填both。 8．句意：我父母也再也不对我大吼大叫了，同学们对我变得友好。be/become friendly to sb.是固定搭配。故填to。 9．句意：我的成绩也提高了，我甚至赢得了英语比赛一等奖。根据“the first prize in the English competition”可知，是在比赛中获得第一名，描述过去事件，win需用过去式won。故填won。 10．句意：但是现在我不能经常看见我最好的朋友，因为他病得很重住院了。根据后文“is staying in hospital”可知，病重才会住院，修饰形容词ill需用副词badly。故填badly。 五、完形填空 【答案】 1．B 2．C 3．A 4．B 5．A 6．C 7．D 8．C 9．D 10．B 【导语】本文探讨友谊的重要性，描述作者与两位性格迥异的朋友相处的方式，说明朋友不必相同也能带来快乐。 1．句意：你怎样评价朋友和友谊？ talk about谈论；think of认为，想到；thank for因……而感谢；look at看。根据下文“And are they very important to you? Some of your friends may have different views and interests,”可知，此处指“你怎样评价朋友和友谊”。故选B。 2．句意：你的一些朋友可能有不同的观点和兴趣，而有些人喜欢和你做一样的事情。 interests兴趣；views观点；things事；habits习惯。根据“doing”可知，此处指“一些朋友喜欢做和你同样的事情”。故选C。 3．句意：你喜欢和你不同的朋友还是和你一样的朋友？ or或者，表示选择关系；and和，表示顺承和递进关系；until直到……为止，引导时间状语从句；but但是，表示转折关系。根据“Do you like the friends different from you…the same as you?”可知，此处是选择关系。故选A。 4．句意：你可能喜欢和你有同样兴趣的朋友。 are是；have有；show展示；get获得。根据“the same interests as you”可知，此处指“和你有相同兴趣”。故选B。 5．句意：彼得像我。 like像；as作为；for为了；with和。根据下文“I am a quiet boy, and Peter is also quiet.”可知，彼得像“我”，be like“像”。故选A。 6．句意：我们都喜欢看书和上网。 all都，三者及三者以上；each每一个；both两者都；some一些。根据上文“I am a quiet boy, and Peter is also quiet.”可知，此处指作者和彼得两个人都喜欢读书和上网，表示“两个都”用both。故选C。 7．句意：周末，我们经常一起去图书馆或玩电脑。 watch看；teach教；bring带来；play玩。根据“on the computer together”可知，此处填play，表示“玩电脑”。故选D。 8．句意：他要外向得多。 a few一点儿，修饰可数名词复数；few几乎没有，修饰可数名词复数；a lot修饰形容词比较级；little几乎没有，修饰不可数名词。根据“more outgoing”可知，此处修饰形容词比较级，应用a lot。故选C。 9．句意：他喜欢说话，经常逗我们笑。 him他；her她；them他们；us我们。根据上文“But James is very different from us.”可知，此处指“逗我们笑”，应用us。故选D。 10．句意：你看，朋友不必相同。 important重要的；necessary必要的；difficult困难的；different不同的。根据上文作者列举了他的朋友和他的不同之处，此处指“朋友不必相同”。故选B。 六、阅读单选 【答案】【导语】本文介绍了四种不同性格的人：S型、M型、P型和C型，包括他们的特点、优缺点，并指出了解自己的性格可以帮助我们过上更好的生活。 1．细节理解题。根据文中“S people are the most popular at the party. They are friendly, energetic and humorous.”可知，S型人性格外向、受欢迎。故选C。 2．词句猜测题。根据“They always want to find faults and never feel pleased with anything around them. They are strict with themselves, as well as with others.”可知，M类型的人对自己和他人都很严格，所以他们总是喜欢发现缺点。故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据文中“P people can easily be satisfied. They are peaceful and calm.”可知，P型人平和、冷静。故选B。 4．细节理解题。根据文中“C people are leaders and workaholics. They are brave and are never afraid of taking risks.”可知，C型人勇敢。故选A。 5．细节理解题。根据“S, M, P and C stand for different people who have different personalities.”和“They are always bystanders.”以及“If someone knows himself well, tries to improve the positive things and tries to throw away the negative ones, he will have a better life.”可知不同的人有着不同的性格；P类性格的人总是充当旁观者；如果我们足够了解自己，就会拥有更美好的生活。因此选项A、C、D文中都有提及，故选B。 七、阅读回答问题 【答案】1．She is tall and thin. 2．Because she is kind and outgoing. 3．Swimming, watching movies and taking photos. 4．She is helpful./She likes helping people. 5．Yes, she is. 八、书面表达 【答案】 My Friend and I Linda is my best friend. She is tall and thin. I’m as tall as her and I wear a pair of glasses. We are so close that we almost do everything together. Linda is very outgoing, but I’m a little shy. She likes swimming and taking photos, and I’m interested in reading. Linda studies harder than me so she gets better grades than I do at school. She always helps me with my homework. In my opinion, friends always share great things and happiness with each other. I’m better at drawing, so I teach Linda to draw. And she teaches me to dance. In this way, we can become better persons together. 【导语】本文主要介绍了Linda的个人情况。 26．根据“She is tall and thin.”可知，Linda高且瘦。故填She is tall and thin. 27．根据“Because she is kind and outgoing, she has a lot of good friends.”可知，Linda有很多朋友是因为她善良且外向。故填Because she is kind and outgoing. 28．根据“They have many similar hobbies, such as swimming, watching movies and taking photos.”可知，Linda和她的朋友们有相似的爱好，包括游泳、看电影和拍照。故填Swimming, watching movies and taking photos. 29．根据“Amy, one of her best friends, is great at it and she teaches Linda to play chess.”可知，Amy擅长下棋并教Linda下棋，说明她乐于助人。故填She is helpful./She likes helping people. 30．根据“she has a lot of good friends”和“she often helps her friends with their homework” 可知，Linda 在学校很受欢迎。故填Yes, she is. 31．[总体分析] ① 题材：本文是一篇材料作文； ② 时态：时态为“一般现在时”； ③ 提示：根据所给提示完成写作，注意标点符号及大小写等问题，不要犯语法错误。注意上下文之间的逻辑关系，语意连贯。 [写作步骤] 第一步，对比你和Linda在外貌、学习和性格等方面的不同； 第二步，表达你对友谊的看法。 [亮点词汇] ① a pair of一副 ② be interested in对……感兴趣 ③ in my opinion在我看来 [高分句型] We are so close that we almost do everything together. （结果状语从句） www.21cnjy.com 精品试卷·第 2 页 （共 2 页） 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $