主谓一致：主语与动词的完美搭档-【中职专用】语法专项突破课件

主谓一致：动词与主语的完美搭档 语法 中职英语 1 02 就近原则：看最近的主语 03 就远原则：盯紧第一主语 04 语法一致：形式说了算 05 意义一致：让意义拍板 06 思维导图与记忆口诀 07 实战检测：单选题闯关 目 录 Contents 含义与分类 01 2 Lead in 3 01 分类与含义 4 含义：句子的谓语动词必须在“人称”和“数”上与主语保持一致。 主谓一致的含义与分类 主语是单数 → 谓语动词用单数形式。 主语是复数 → 谓语动词用复数形式。 1.就近原则：谓语动词的单复数形式由离它最近的主语决定。 2.就远原则：谓语动词的单复数形式由离最前面的主语决定。 3.意义一致：谓语动词的单复数形式不取决于主语表面的语法形式，而取决于主语所表达的内在实际含义。 4.语法一致：谓语动词的单复数形式严格遵循主语表面的语法形式。 5 02 就近原则：看最近的主语 6 either...or..；neither...nor...；not only...but also...结构 either...or...（要么...要么...） Either Harry Potter or his friends are responsible for this magic. neither...nor...（既不...也不...） Neither Mickey Mouse nor Donald Duck likes getting up early. not only...but also...（不仅...而且...） Not only the students but also their teacher is excited about the field trip. 7 There is a magic wand and several spell books on the table. there be（有...） there be与or Taylor Swift or Beyoncé is going to win the award tonight. or (或者) 8 就近原则随堂练 Either the teacher or the students ________ (be) responsible for cleaning the classroom. Not only my brother but also my sister ________ (like) watching SpongeBob SquarePants. Neither Tom nor his friends ________ (know) the answer to this riddle. There ________ (be) a book and two pencils on your desk. Your mom or your dad ________ (need) to sign this permission slip for the field trip. 答案：1. are 2. likes 3. know 4. is 5.needs 9 03 就远原则：盯紧第一主语 10 with / together with / along with结构 Taylor Swift with her backup dancers is preparing for the concert. with (和…一起) Spider-Man, together with his friend Ned, faces a new challenge. together with (和…一起)  along with (连同…一起) The plan along with all the details was approved by the manager. 11 but/except，rather than与as well as结构 Everyone in the classroom except the twins was paying attention. except（除了） The director rather than the actors makes the final decision. rather than（而不是） The teachers at Hogwarts, as well as the headmaster, are preparing for the new term. as well as（以及） 12 就远原则随堂练 The CEO of the company, together with her assistants, ________ (be) attending the global conference. The music in this film, along with its visual effects, ________ (create) a magical atmosphere. No one in the classroom except the twins ________ (know) the secret handshake. The president of the club, as well as all its members, ________ (wish) to organize a charity event. My brother, rather than my parents, ________ (drive) me to the concert tonight. 答案： 1. is 2.creates 3.knows 4.wishes 5.is driving / drives 13 04 语法一致：形式说了算 14 当集合名词看作整体时，谓语动词用单数。 The Avengers is known worldwide as a superhero team. 01 集合名词的两副面孔 My family are all their own rooms.（复数） My family is very supportive. （单数） 例子展示 02 集合名词指的是一类用来表示一个群体的人、动物或事物的名词。强调整体谓语动词用单数，强调群体内的个体成员，谓语动词视为复数。 team 队，family 家庭/家人，class 班级，club俱乐部 Our team has won the championship!（单数） The team are wearing their new uniforms.（复数）   15 形单意复与and陷阱 一些名词在语法形式上没有复数标记，但在意义和用法上通常被视为复数，因此要求谓语动词使用复数形式。 形单意复 当and连接不同事物时，谓语动词用复数；当and连接的是同一事物时，谓语动词用单数。 and连接不同事物 例句展示 people，police，youth Harry Potter, Ron Weasley and Hermione Granger are the main characters. Fish and chips is my favorite British food. The police are searching for the mysterious cat burglar.  16 05 意义一致：让意义拍板 17 时间：Ten years is a long time to master magic. 时间金钱距离学科单数形式 时间金钱距离学科的整体观 距离：Five kilometers is not too far for a superhero to run. 学科：Mathematics is challenging but fascinating. 18 不定代词、the+形容词 不定代词作主语 the+形容词表示一类人时，谓语动词用复数。 The young often enjoy watching movies more than the old do. the+形容词表示一类人 不定代词作主语谓语动词用单数。 Anyone/Anybody with a ticket is welcome to the concert. Neither of the answers is correct. 19 06 思维导图与记忆口诀 20 自主回忆与总结 主 谓 一 致 含义 结构分类 就近原则 就远原则 意义一致 语法一致 ___________________________ 谓语动词的单复数形式由______决定。 含义 结构 含义 谓语动词的单复数形式由______决定。 结构 含义 结构 含义 结构 谓语动词的单复数形式严格遵循______的语法形式。 谓语动词的单复数形式不取决于主语表面的语法形式，而取决于主语所表达的______。 ______ 21 主谓一致思维导图 主 谓 一 致 含义 结构分类 就近原则 就远原则 意义一致 语法一致 句子的谓语动词必须在“人称”和“数”上与主语保持一致。 就近原则 就远原则 意义一致 语法一致 谓语动词的单复数形式由离它最近的主语决定。 含义 结构 含义 谓语动词的单复数形式由离最前面的主语决定。 结构 含义 结构 含义 结构 谓语动词的单复数形式严格遵循主语表面的语法形式。 谓语动词的单复数形式不取决于主语表面的语法形式，而取决于主语所表达的内在实际含义。 either...or..；neither...nor...；not only...but also...； there be；or with / together with / along with；but/except，rather than；as well as 时间金钱距离学科；不定代词、the+形容词 集合名词，形单意复，and连接名词 22 07 实战检测：单选题闯关 23 单选题闯关 1. Not only the plot twists but also the ending of this Marvel movie ______ fans debating for weeks. A. has kept B. have kept C. keep D. are keeping 2. Taylor Swift, along with her songwriting skills, ______ deeply admired in the music industry. A. is B. are C. were D. have been 3. The committee ______ finally reached a decision after hours of discussion. A. has B. have C. is D. are 4. Each of the characters in One Piece ______ a unique dream to pursue. A. have B. has C. having D. are having 5. Five hundred dollars ______ a fair price for this signed basketball jersey. A. are B. is C. were D. have been 24 6. Either your parents or your brother ______ to pick you up from the station. A. are going B. is going C. go D. goes 7. The police ______ investigating the case from multiple angles. A. is B. are C. was D. has been 8. Fish and chips ______ a classic British dish that many tourists enjoy. A. are B. is C. were D. have been 9. Everyone who watches Spirited Away ______ captivated by its magical world. A. are B. is C. were D. have been 10. The poor ______ more assistance from the community during difficult times. A. needs B. need C. is needing D. has needed 25 答案与解析 答案：A 解析：考查就近原则。not only...but also... 连接主语时，动词与最近的主语 the ending (单数) 一致，故用 has kept。 2.答案：A 解析：考查就远原则。along with... 是附加成分，核心主语是 Taylor Swift (单数)，故动词用单数 is。 3.答案：A 解析：考查集合名词的意义一致。此句中 The committee 被作为一个整体机构看待，强调整体决定，故用单数 has。若强调委员们各自争论，则用复数。 4.答案：B 解析：考查不定代词作主语。Each 作主语时，无论后面是否接 of...，都视为单数，故动词用单数 has。 5.答案：B 解析：考查意义一致（金钱作整体）。表示金额、时间、距离的名词短语作为一个整体概念时，谓语动词用单数，故用 is。 6.答案：B 解析：考查就近原则。either...or... 连接主语时，动词与最近的主语 your brother (单数) 一致，故用 is going。 7.答案：B 解析：考查形单意复的名词。The police（警方）指警察成员的总称，总是被视为复数，故动词用 are。类似词还有 people（人们）。 8.答案：B 解析：考查并列主语的语法一致。Fish and chips 是一种特定的食物名称，被视为一个整体（一道菜），故用单数 is。 9.答案：B 解析：考查不定代词作主语。Everyone 作主语时，永远视为单数，故动词用 is。无论后面是否接定语从句，主句动词都按此规则。 10.答案：B 解析：考查“the + 形容词”表示一类人。The poor 指“穷人”这一类群体，是复数概念，故动词用复数 need 26 THANK YOU 感谢大家观看 语法 中职英语 27 $