第18讲 英语作文（下）（复习讲义）（上海高考专用）2026年春季高考英语

该高中英语讲义紧扣高考作文核心考点，覆盖应用文（书信、通知等）和夹叙夹议/议论文（材料解读、现象话题），按考情分析、知识体系构建、考点精析（图画类、表格类）、实战精练的逻辑组织，通过考点梳理（如格式规范、逻辑结构）、方法指导（如事例关联、语言准确）、真题训练（名校试题与高考真题）环节，帮助学生突破写作难点，体现复习系统性与针对性。 资料以真实语境任务驱动，创新采用“描述-阐释-总结”三段式策略（如图画类作文引导学生从画面细节到现实意义），融入语言能力（有效表达）和思维品质（逻辑分析）培养，设置分层练习（基础到提升）与范文精讲（词汇句式拓展），保障复习效率。助力学生提升写作逻辑与表达准确性，为教师提供系统复习框架，精准把控复习节奏。

专题18 英语作文（下） 目录 考情分析与命题趋势 1 知识体系构建 2 考点精析与突破 4 考点一：图画类作文（难点） 4 考点二：表格类作文（重点） 13 实战精练与提升 34 考情解读 一、考试要求 核心题型与载体 主要分为应用文写作和夹叙夹议 / 议论文写作两类，均强调 “真实语境下的有效表达”： 1. 应用文：高频载体为书信（建议信、回信、邀请信等）、通知、演讲稿、倡议信，情境紧扣校园生活（如给校友提烹饪建议、社团招新）或社会热点（文化交流、环保倡议），任务明确（如 “提建议 + 说明理由”“推荐活动 + 邀请参与”）。 2. 夹叙夹议 / 议论文：多以材料解读（如 2025 年 “Don’t be afraid of wetting your feet when you want to learn how to swim”）、现象话题（如 “数字化学习的未来”“慢生活与快节奏平衡”）为背景，要求 “谈理解 + 结合具体事例”（夹叙夹议）或 “亮观点 + 论证分析”（议论文）。 核心要求 1. 内容与逻辑 · 应用文：需覆盖题目所有要点（如建议信需含 “建议内容 + 理由 + 期待”），避免遗漏；内容需具体，如推荐文化活动要提及 “豫园灯会的手工灯笼”“弄堂艺术体验” 等细节，而非泛谈 “有趣”。 · 夹叙夹议 / 议论文：论点明确（如名言解读需提炼 “勇于实践”“突破舒适区” 等核心哲理），事例真实贴切（优先个人经历，如 “第一次组织校园义卖”“学视频剪辑的尝试”），且需点明事例与道理的关联（避免 “事例与观点两张皮”）；议论文论证需用举例、对比、因果等逻辑，避免空洞。 2. 格式与语域 · 应用文：严格遵循格式（书信含 “称呼 - 正文 - 结尾敬语 - 署名”，通知含 “标题 - 对象 - 正文 - 落款”）；语域适配受众（给校长的信用 “Yours sincerely”，给同学的信可用 “Best regards”）。 · 夹叙夹议 / 议论文：无固定格式，但需结构清晰（多为 “总 - 分 - 总”，夹叙夹议常用 “解读观点 - 叙述事例 - 点明关联” 框架），语言正式且连贯。 3. 语言与词数 · 语言：准确优先（避免语法 / 拼写错误），适度用高级表达（如非谓语、复合句；句式需多样，长短句交错。 · 词数：通常要求 120-150 词，过短（少于 70 词）会大幅扣分，过长易导致逻辑松散。 评分关键 从内容（10 分）、语言（10 分）、组织结构（5 分） 三维评分： · 内容：充实、扣题得高分，遗漏要点或离题得分低； · 语言：准确且有多样性（复杂句式 + 高级词汇）得优，错误多影响理解得分低； · 组织结构：全文流畅紧凑得高，缺乏衔接、结构混乱得分低。 二、命题分析 题型与分值 应用文（占比约 40%）；夹叙夹议 / 议论文（占比约 60%）。总分 25 分，按 “内容（10 分）、语言（10 分）、组织结构（5 分）” 三维评分。 题材特征 聚焦 “人与自我、人与社会、人与自然” 三大主题；融入中华优秀传统文化与上海本土文化，凸显文化自信。 核心考查 1. 应用文：内容完整、格式规范、语域适配、语言准确 2. 夹叙夹议 / 议论文：观点明确、事例贴切、事理关联、逻辑连贯 命题特点 立德树人价值引领、情境真实实用、开放思辨、文化浸润、反拨教学（关注语用能力） 知识梳理 考点精讲 · 考点一：图画类作文 解题策略 图画类作文是材料作文的一种特殊形式，是一种变“画”为文的作文方式。这种题型提供给考生的是图画，要求考生在看懂图画意思后写作文，主要训练和考查考生的观察力、思考力、创造力和表达能力。素材贴近生活。图画类的书面表达一般都是中学生所熟悉的场景；画面生动形象，具有趣味性，体现高考书面表达“生活化”的特点。有时候还附带有英语或汉语说明，考生易获得直观信息。文体形式多样。值得注意的是图画式作文主要有记叙文、说明文和议论文。 · 第一段(para.I):描述图表所显示的内容，引出需要描述的核心部分，不一定要面面俱到。 · 第二段(Para.II):提炼图片中所反映的核心问题，对此提岀自己的看法并加以论证说明。 · 第三段(Para.III):总结全文，或提出解决问题的方法和希望，或进行鼓励和号召。 【来源】上海市复旦大学附属中学2025-2026学年高三上学期11月期中英语试题 假如你是旦华中学的李明，在学校的艺术节提交了一幅名为The Last Mender的画作，在提交这幅作品时，需要向评审老师给这幅画写一篇介绍词，阐述画作的创作理念。     要求： 1）简要描述图片。 2）结合现实生活，阐述你对图片的理解。 The Last Mender ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 The Last Mender Hello, respected judges. Let me share my work The Last Mender. In the picture, an elderly man, who runs a toy-repair shop, is mending a red rocking horse carefully. Two boys stand by him: one holds a stuffed rabbit, waiting for their toys to be fixed. But the bold “demolish” word on the wall, which is painted next to the shop, tells us this old store will soon be torn down. I painted this because I’ve seen many such old craft shops vanish as cities expand. These menders don’t just fix toys; they mend the sweet childhood memories that modern machines can’t replace. What I want to express is that we should cherish these fading skills — they are parts of our life that shouldn’t be forgotten. That’s why I called it The Last Mender: to hold onto those warm, gentle moments. 【导语】本篇书面表达属于开放性作文。要求以李明身份介绍画作，描述画面、结合现实阐释创作理念。 【详解】1.词汇积累 受尊敬的：respected → honored 仔细地：carefully → cautiously 消失：vanish → dissipate 珍惜：cherish → treasure 2.句式拓展 同义句转换 原句：Two boys stand by him: one holds a stuffed rabbit, waiting for their toys to be fixed. 【点睛】拓展句：Standing by his side are two boys; one is gripping a stuffed rabbit, waiting for their toys to be mended. 【高分句型1】In the picture, an elderly man, who runs a toy-repair shop, is mending a red rocking horse carefully.（运用了who引导的非限制性定语从句） 【高分句型2】But the bold “demolish” word on the wall, which is painted next to the shop, tells us this old store will soon be torn down.（运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句、省略引导词that的宾语从句） · 考点二：表格类作文 解题策略 表格类作文常以数据表格形式、曲线图形式、流程图形式、柱形图形式、饼式图形式及平面图形式出现。这类题型具有文字少、信息简洁、要点分散等特征。图表类书面表达在近年的高考中时有出现，这类统计图在日常生活中应用得非常广泛，因此，读懂它并能用英语清晰地表述出来具有很强的现实意义。图表作文主要是介绍或说明某方面的情况，文体上属于说明文。应按照说明文的形式和特点来进行写作。由于这类试题文字少、信息简洁，如果只是把图表中的内容一点一点地记叙出来，进行清单式的罗列，就会索然乏味，并且达不到字数要求。 · 要点一：细读图表，抓住特征 图表中的数据信息往往较多，首先要读懂其中的符号和数字所代表的意思。然后，从图表的整体着手，认真分析各项数据，抓住其主要特征，弄懂它们所揭示的规律。经常使用的词汇有：table，chart，figure，graph，describe，tell，show，represent等。 · 要点二：认真审读，确定主题 认真审读试题所提供的数据信息，结合文字提示，确定短文的主题。短文的主题往往隐含在图表中，需要考生从图表数据中概括出事情或事件的规律和特征，然后归纳出主题。有时，试题给出了短文的题目，也就等于为考生点明了主题。 · 要点三：巧用数据，突出主题 引用数据说明基本趋势，比较数据揭示基本特征。由于图表中的数据信息较多，写作时要巧妙地引用一些数据来说明主题，不要作任何发挥。表达时，既要包含所有要点，但又不能面面俱到。经常使用的词汇有：rise，drop，reduce，increase，decrease，fall，while，but，on the contrary，however，compare...to/with...，in contrast to，as...as，the same as，similar to，different from，difference between，among，more than，less than等。 · 要点四：词句多变，表达灵活 由于图表数据比较单调，很容易使人选用相同的词语和句式进行表达，结果文章显得很乏味。因此，写作时要尽量避免重复使用同一词语或句型，选择一些异曲同工的词语和句式来表达。 · 要点五：适当发挥，表明观点 图表类书面表达有时要求考生在对数据进行分析、对比后，简单地谈谈自己的看法或提出建议，这属于让考生自主发挥的部分，更是短文最精彩的部分。考生要在该部分陈述自己的看法，表明自己的观点，提出解决问题的方法或建议。表述观点时，可以引用人们普遍的观点，也可说出自己独到的见解。借题发挥时，不可偏离主题，只要把观点表述清楚即可，不必作更多的解释或说明。经常使用的词有：in a word，in short, generally speaking, It’s clear from the chart that..., we can draw the conclusion that..., we can learn/know...等。 假设你是明启中学高三学生李明，最近学生会对本校全体学生进行了一项关于“博物馆免费开放政策”的问卷 调查，结果如下表所示，写一篇调查报告，内容须包括: 1)对调查结果的简单描述; 2)对数据的原因分析; 3)你的看法。  1 博物馆免费情况下会考虑 67.86% 2 免费才去 3.57% 3 持无所谓态度 28.57% ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【审题】 这道题目属于经典的图表题，内容可以从历史角度切入。下文给大家附上每个段落的核心信息及历史角度的万能论点。 开头段：表明身份+描述背景+阐述数据 As a senior student at Mingqi High School, I recently participated in a survey conducted by the Student Union regarding the free admission policy for museums applicable to all students in our school. The survey indicates that the majority of students (67.86%) would consider visiting museums if they were free. However, only a small percentage of respondents (3.57%) stated that they would visit museums only if they were free, while 28.57% of students expressed a neutral attitude on the topic.  写作亮点： （1）受访者：students / respondents/ participants （2）数据表达：the majority of students / only a small percentage of students  （3）态度：support / oppose / hold a neutral attitude  There could be several reasons behind these findings. Firstly, many students may have an interest in visiting museums but may not have sufficient finances to cover the cost of admission fees. Thus, free admission policies may encourage them to explore and learn more about various cultural and historical artefacts exhibited at museums. Secondly, some students may not find museums interesting and might prefer to engage in other leisure activities with their time and money. Lastly, some students may not be aware of the benefits of visiting museums, such as gaining knowledge and broadening their worldview.  写作亮点： （1）理由如下：there are three reasons accounting for this phenomenon. （2）切换观点的词：firstly/ secondly/ thirdly/ when it comes to sth. 主体段：谈谈看法 谈看法的部分可以直接强调博物馆的重要性；也可以谈博物馆的管理问题； In my opinion, museums play a crucial role in educating society about our history, culture, and traditions. By making museums accessible and affordable, we can provide equal opportunities for all students to learn and explore. I believe that the free admission policy for museums can be particularly significant for students from low-income families who might not otherwise have access to these valuable resources. 结尾段：总结结论 In conclusion, the survey results reveal that while many students would consider visiting museums if it was free, others are indifferent or reluctant to visit them. It is essential for schools and museums to collaborate to increase awareness and promote the importance of visiting museums. Furthermore, we should advocate for more free admission policies to encourage all individuals, regardless of their financial situation, to explore and learn about our rich cultural heritage. 参考范文 To the School Student Union, I’m Li Ming, a Senior 3 student from Mingzhu High School. Recently, our student union surveyed all students about the “free museum admission policy”, and here is the report. The results show three attitudes: 67.86% of students would consider visiting museums when they’re free; only 3.57% will go only if admission is free; 28.57% hold an indifferent attitude. For the 67.86%, the free policy lowers access barriers, letting them explore culture and gain knowledge without cost. The small group going only for free may lack interest in museums, treating it as a casual activity. Those indifferent might have busy study schedules or prefer online entertainment. In my view, the free policy is beneficial for cultural access. I suggest the school organize museum guided tours to arouse more students’ interest in such cultural resources. Sincerely, Li Ming 点睛 开头铺垫：快速明确身份（李明）、调查主体（学生会）与主题（博物馆免费开放政策），直接引入报告核心，符合应用文的简洁性要求。 结果描述：精准转述表格数据，分类呈现三种态度，语言客观清晰，覆盖所有调查信息。 原因分析：对应数据逐一剖析，结合学生实际（学业压力、兴趣偏好），让理由贴合生活场景，逻辑更合理。 个人看法：先肯定政策价值，再提出具体可行的建议（组织导览活动），既体现思辨性，又符合 “真实语境下的实用表达” 要求。 实战训练 一、名校试题 1．Directions: Write an English composition in 120 — 150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 【来源】上海市上进才中学2025-2026学年高三上学期期中考试英语试题 假如你是明启中学高三学生李明，在学校近期举办的“信息时代的‘免费’陷阱”主题论坛中，主持人展示了下图，引发了热议。请你作为学生代表，根据图片内容，写一篇短文发言稿，你的发言稿需包括： 1. 简要描述图片内容； 2. 分析导致图中现象的原因； 3. 结合自身实际，阐述你对该现象的看法。 ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 2．Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 【来源】上海市格致中学2025-2026学年高三上学期期中英语试卷 假设你是明启中学高三学生李明。外教 Tom 老师希望了解学生在课余时间的阅读习惯，以便更好地设计和安排适合大家的阅读课程。为此，他请你在班级中开展了一次调查。请你根据所得数据（见下表）写一篇短文，向 Tom 老师汇报调查结果，内容应包括： （1）简要介绍调查结果和同学的阅读习惯； （2）就阅读课程的安排提出建议并说明理由。 学生课余阅读习惯调查 阅读类型 占比 示例说明 英文原著或报刊 5% 阅读英文小说、新闻报道等 网络文章 65% 浏览公众号、网络短文 课外学习资料 30% 阅读学习指南、模拟试题集等 ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 3．Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 【来源】上海市洋泾中学2023-2024学年高三上学期第二次月考英语试题 下面一组图片展现了现代生活方式。请根据你对这组图片的理解用英语写一篇短文。 你的短文应包含以下内容： 1. 描述图片的内容； 2. 分析该现象的原因； 3. 结合生活实际，谈谈你的感想。 ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 4．Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.    上海市大同中学2025-2026学年高三上学期10月月考英语试题  你校英语社团准备举办一场主题为“科技与教育”的论坛，旨在探讨科技在教育中的作用和应用前景，你将在该论坛中发言。为此，你在校内进行了一项关于学生对科技的态度的调研。根据调研结果（如下图所示）写一篇报告，内容须包括： 1. 对调研结果的简要描述； 2. 对调研结果的分析。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 5．Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 【来源】上海市杨浦区2024-2025学年高三上学期12月模拟质量调研英语试卷 假设你是明启中学的学生李华，最近参加了一个研究性学习项目，在全体高三学生中开展了题为“高中生对未来职业规划的认知与准备”的调查。根据下表调查结果，撰写调查报告，内容需包括： 1.简要描述数据； 2.分析原因； 3.提出建议。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 6．Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 【来源】上海市进才中学2024-2025学年高三上英语9月月考英语试题 你是明启中学高三学生李明，最近你校计划将露天网球场改造为停车场，以满足学校教工停车的需求,但学校师生对这一计划褒贬不一。为了更好地帮助校方做出决策,学生会调研了师生对该网球场的使用情况,结果如下图所示。结合这一调研结果，写一封信给校方，内容须包括: 1.你是否赞同这一改造计划; 2.结合调研结果说明你的理由。 The frequency of using the tennis court ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 二、真题演练 【来源】2016年上海高考英语试卷（秋考）（网络收集） 假设你是中华中学学生姚平，最近参加了一项研究性学习调研，课题为“父母是否以子女为荣”。通过调研你校学生及其父母，结果发现双方对此问题的看法有差异（数据如图所示）。根据图表写一份报告，在报告中，你必须： 1.描述调研数据； 2.分析可能导致这一结果的原因。 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 1 / 16 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题18 英语作文（下） 目录 考情分析与命题趋势 1 知识体系构建 2 考点精析与突破 4 考点一：图画类作文（难点） 4 考点二：表格类作文（重点） 13 实战精练与提升 34 考情解读 一、考试要求 核心题型与载体 主要分为应用文写作和夹叙夹议 / 议论文写作两类，均强调 “真实语境下的有效表达”： 1. 应用文：高频载体为书信（建议信、回信、邀请信等）、通知、演讲稿、倡议信，情境紧扣校园生活（如给校友提烹饪建议、社团招新）或社会热点（文化交流、环保倡议），任务明确（如 “提建议 + 说明理由”“推荐活动 + 邀请参与”）。 2. 夹叙夹议 / 议论文：多以材料解读（如 2025 年 “Don’t be afraid of wetting your feet when you want to learn how to swim”）、现象话题（如 “数字化学习的未来”“慢生活与快节奏平衡”）为背景，要求 “谈理解 + 结合具体事例”（夹叙夹议）或 “亮观点 + 论证分析”（议论文）。 核心要求 1. 内容与逻辑 · 应用文：需覆盖题目所有要点（如建议信需含 “建议内容 + 理由 + 期待”），避免遗漏；内容需具体，如推荐文化活动要提及 “豫园灯会的手工灯笼”“弄堂艺术体验” 等细节，而非泛谈 “有趣”。 · 夹叙夹议 / 议论文：论点明确（如名言解读需提炼 “勇于实践”“突破舒适区” 等核心哲理），事例真实贴切（优先个人经历，如 “第一次组织校园义卖”“学视频剪辑的尝试”），且需点明事例与道理的关联（避免 “事例与观点两张皮”）；议论文论证需用举例、对比、因果等逻辑，避免空洞。 2. 格式与语域 · 应用文：严格遵循格式（书信含 “称呼 - 正文 - 结尾敬语 - 署名”，通知含 “标题 - 对象 - 正文 - 落款”）；语域适配受众（给校长的信用 “Yours sincerely”，给同学的信可用 “Best regards”）。 · 夹叙夹议 / 议论文：无固定格式，但需结构清晰（多为 “总 - 分 - 总”，夹叙夹议常用 “解读观点 - 叙述事例 - 点明关联” 框架），语言正式且连贯。 3. 语言与词数 · 语言：准确优先（避免语法 / 拼写错误），适度用高级表达（如非谓语、复合句；句式需多样，长短句交错。 · 词数：通常要求 120-150 词，过短（少于 70 词）会大幅扣分，过长易导致逻辑松散。 评分关键 从内容（10 分）、语言（10 分）、组织结构（5 分） 三维评分： · 内容：充实、扣题得高分，遗漏要点或离题得分低； · 语言：准确且有多样性（复杂句式 + 高级词汇）得优，错误多影响理解得分低； · 组织结构：全文流畅紧凑得高，缺乏衔接、结构混乱得分低。 二、命题分析 题型与分值 应用文（占比约 40%）；夹叙夹议 / 议论文（占比约 60%）。总分 25 分，按 “内容（10 分）、语言（10 分）、组织结构（5 分）” 三维评分。 题材特征 聚焦 “人与自我、人与社会、人与自然” 三大主题；融入中华优秀传统文化与上海本土文化，凸显文化自信。 核心考查 1. 应用文：内容完整、格式规范、语域适配、语言准确 2. 夹叙夹议 / 议论文：观点明确、事例贴切、事理关联、逻辑连贯 命题特点 立德树人价值引领、情境真实实用、开放思辨、文化浸润、反拨教学（关注语用能力） 知识梳理 考点精讲 · 考点一：图画类作文 解题策略 图画类作文是材料作文的一种特殊形式，是一种变“画”为文的作文方式。这种题型提供给考生的是图画，要求考生在看懂图画意思后写作文，主要训练和考查考生的观察力、思考力、创造力和表达能力。素材贴近生活。图画类的书面表达一般都是中学生所熟悉的场景；画面生动形象，具有趣味性，体现高考书面表达“生活化”的特点。有时候还附带有英语或汉语说明，考生易获得直观信息。文体形式多样。值得注意的是图画式作文主要有记叙文、说明文和议论文。 · 第一段(para.I):描述图表所显示的内容，引出需要描述的核心部分，不一定要面面俱到。 · 第二段(Para.II):提炼图片中所反映的核心问题，对此提岀自己的看法并加以论证说明。 · 第三段(Para.III):总结全文，或提出解决问题的方法和希望，或进行鼓励和号召。 【来源】上海市复旦大学附属中学2025-2026学年高三上学期11月期中英语试题 假如你是旦华中学的李明，在学校的艺术节提交了一幅名为The Last Mender的画作，在提交这幅作品时，需要向评审老师给这幅画写一篇介绍词，阐述画作的创作理念。     要求： 1）简要描述图片。 2）结合现实生活，阐述你对图片的理解。 The Last Mender ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 The Last Mender Hello, respected judges. Let me share my work The Last Mender. In the picture, an elderly man, who runs a toy-repair shop, is mending a red rocking horse carefully. Two boys stand by him: one holds a stuffed rabbit, waiting for their toys to be fixed. But the bold “demolish” word on the wall, which is painted next to the shop, tells us this old store will soon be torn down. I painted this because I’ve seen many such old craft shops vanish as cities expand. These menders don’t just fix toys; they mend the sweet childhood memories that modern machines can’t replace. What I want to express is that we should cherish these fading skills — they are parts of our life that shouldn’t be forgotten. That’s why I called it The Last Mender: to hold onto those warm, gentle moments. 【导语】本篇书面表达属于开放性作文。要求以李明身份介绍画作，描述画面、结合现实阐释创作理念。 【详解】1.词汇积累 受尊敬的：respected → honored 仔细地：carefully → cautiously 消失：vanish → dissipate 珍惜：cherish → treasure 2.句式拓展 同义句转换 原句：Two boys stand by him: one holds a stuffed rabbit, waiting for their toys to be fixed. 【点睛】拓展句：Standing by his side are two boys; one is gripping a stuffed rabbit, waiting for their toys to be mended. 【高分句型1】In the picture, an elderly man, who runs a toy-repair shop, is mending a red rocking horse carefully.（运用了who引导的非限制性定语从句） 【高分句型2】But the bold “demolish” word on the wall, which is painted next to the shop, tells us this old store will soon be torn down.（运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句、省略引导词that的宾语从句） · 考点二：表格类作文 解题策略 表格类作文常以数据表格形式、曲线图形式、流程图形式、柱形图形式、饼式图形式及平面图形式出现。这类题型具有文字少、信息简洁、要点分散等特征。图表类书面表达在近年的高考中时有出现，这类统计图在日常生活中应用得非常广泛，因此，读懂它并能用英语清晰地表述出来具有很强的现实意义。图表作文主要是介绍或说明某方面的情况，文体上属于说明文。应按照说明文的形式和特点来进行写作。由于这类试题文字少、信息简洁，如果只是把图表中的内容一点一点地记叙出来，进行清单式的罗列，就会索然乏味，并且达不到字数要求。 · 要点一：细读图表，抓住特征 图表中的数据信息往往较多，首先要读懂其中的符号和数字所代表的意思。然后，从图表的整体着手，认真分析各项数据，抓住其主要特征，弄懂它们所揭示的规律。经常使用的词汇有：table，chart，figure，graph，describe，tell，show，represent等。 · 要点二：认真审读，确定主题 认真审读试题所提供的数据信息，结合文字提示，确定短文的主题。短文的主题往往隐含在图表中，需要考生从图表数据中概括出事情或事件的规律和特征，然后归纳出主题。有时，试题给出了短文的题目，也就等于为考生点明了主题。 · 要点三：巧用数据，突出主题 引用数据说明基本趋势，比较数据揭示基本特征。由于图表中的数据信息较多，写作时要巧妙地引用一些数据来说明主题，不要作任何发挥。表达时，既要包含所有要点，但又不能面面俱到。经常使用的词汇有：rise，drop，reduce，increase，decrease，fall，while，but，on the contrary，however，compare...to/with...，in contrast to，as...as，the same as，similar to，different from，difference between，among，more than，less than等。 · 要点四：词句多变，表达灵活 由于图表数据比较单调，很容易使人选用相同的词语和句式进行表达，结果文章显得很乏味。因此，写作时要尽量避免重复使用同一词语或句型，选择一些异曲同工的词语和句式来表达。 · 要点五：适当发挥，表明观点 图表类书面表达有时要求考生在对数据进行分析、对比后，简单地谈谈自己的看法或提出建议，这属于让考生自主发挥的部分，更是短文最精彩的部分。考生要在该部分陈述自己的看法，表明自己的观点，提出解决问题的方法或建议。表述观点时，可以引用人们普遍的观点，也可说出自己独到的见解。借题发挥时，不可偏离主题，只要把观点表述清楚即可，不必作更多的解释或说明。经常使用的词有：in a word，in short, generally speaking, It’s clear from the chart that..., we can draw the conclusion that..., we can learn/know...等。 假设你是明启中学高三学生李明，最近学生会对本校全体学生进行了一项关于“博物馆免费开放政策”的问卷 调查，结果如下表所示，写一篇调查报告，内容须包括: 1)对调查结果的简单描述; 2)对数据的原因分析; 3)你的看法。  1 博物馆免费情况下会考虑 67.86% 2 免费才去 3.57% 3 持无所谓态度 28.57% ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【审题】 这道题目属于经典的图表题，内容可以从历史角度切入。下文给大家附上每个段落的核心信息及历史角度的万能论点。 开头段：表明身份+描述背景+阐述数据 As a senior student at Mingqi High School, I recently participated in a survey conducted by the Student Union regarding the free admission policy for museums applicable to all students in our school. The survey indicates that the majority of students (67.86%) would consider visiting museums if they were free. However, only a small percentage of respondents (3.57%) stated that they would visit museums only if they were free, while 28.57% of students expressed a neutral attitude on the topic.  写作亮点： （1）受访者：students / respondents/ participants （2）数据表达：the majority of students / only a small percentage of students  （3）态度：support / oppose / hold a neutral attitude  There could be several reasons behind these findings. Firstly, many students may have an interest in visiting museums but may not have sufficient finances to cover the cost of admission fees. Thus, free admission policies may encourage them to explore and learn more about various cultural and historical artefacts exhibited at museums. Secondly, some students may not find museums interesting and might prefer to engage in other leisure activities with their time and money. Lastly, some students may not be aware of the benefits of visiting museums, such as gaining knowledge and broadening their worldview.  写作亮点： （1）理由如下：there are three reasons accounting for this phenomenon. （2）切换观点的词：firstly/ secondly/ thirdly/ when it comes to sth. 主体段：谈谈看法 谈看法的部分可以直接强调博物馆的重要性；也可以谈博物馆的管理问题； In my opinion, museums play a crucial role in educating society about our history, culture, and traditions. By making museums accessible and affordable, we can provide equal opportunities for all students to learn and explore. I believe that the free admission policy for museums can be particularly significant for students from low-income families who might not otherwise have access to these valuable resources. 结尾段：总结结论 In conclusion, the survey results reveal that while many students would consider visiting museums if it was free, others are indifferent or reluctant to visit them. It is essential for schools and museums to collaborate to increase awareness and promote the importance of visiting museums. Furthermore, we should advocate for more free admission policies to encourage all individuals, regardless of their financial situation, to explore and learn about our rich cultural heritage. 参考范文 To the School Student Union, I’m Li Ming, a Senior 3 student from Mingzhu High School. Recently, our student union surveyed all students about the “free museum admission policy”, and here is the report. The results show three attitudes: 67.86% of students would consider visiting museums when they’re free; only 3.57% will go only if admission is free; 28.57% hold an indifferent attitude. For the 67.86%, the free policy lowers access barriers, letting them explore culture and gain knowledge without cost. The small group going only for free may lack interest in museums, treating it as a casual activity. Those indifferent might have busy study schedules or prefer online entertainment. In my view, the free policy is beneficial for cultural access. I suggest the school organize museum guided tours to arouse more students’ interest in such cultural resources. Sincerely, Li Ming 点睛 开头铺垫：快速明确身份（李明）、调查主体（学生会）与主题（博物馆免费开放政策），直接引入报告核心，符合应用文的简洁性要求。 结果描述：精准转述表格数据，分类呈现三种态度，语言客观清晰，覆盖所有调查信息。 原因分析：对应数据逐一剖析，结合学生实际（学业压力、兴趣偏好），让理由贴合生活场景，逻辑更合理。 个人看法：先肯定政策价值，再提出具体可行的建议（组织导览活动），既体现思辨性，又符合 “真实语境下的实用表达” 要求。 实战训练 一、名校试题 1．Directions: Write an English composition in 120 — 150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 【来源】上海市上进才中学2025-2026学年高三上学期期中考试英语试题 假如你是明启中学高三学生李明，在学校近期举办的“信息时代的‘免费’陷阱”主题论坛中，主持人展示了下图，引发了热议。请你作为学生代表，根据图片内容，写一篇短文发言稿，你的发言稿需包括： 1. 简要描述图片内容； 2. 分析导致图中现象的原因； 3. 结合自身实际，阐述你对该现象的看法。 ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】One possible version: Dear fellow students, The picture presented today vividly captures a thought-provoking scene. Two doors stand side by side — one labeled “Free Book” is left half-open with no one around, while the other, marked “Free WiFi”, is overcrowded to the point of collapse. This stark contrast reveals a troubling trend. Why does this happen? First, instant gratification dominates modern life. Books require time and effort to absorb, while free WiFi offers immediate entertainment. Second, misinformation spreads the myth that “free digital services are harmless”, ignoring the hidden costs like data privacy risks and addictive algorithms. As a student, I’ve witnessed this trap firsthand. Last month, I wasted hours scrolling social media under “free WiFi”, only to realize I could have finished a novel. Unless we rethink our choices, we’ll keep trading wisdom for fleeting pleasures. Let’s value substance over convenience by starting with choosing the “Free Book” door. Thank you. 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。题目要求考生以学生代表李明的身份，根据所给图片，为“信息时代的‘免费’陷阱”主题论坛写一篇发言稿，应首先简要描述图片内容，再分析图中现象背后的原因，最后发表对该现象的个人看法。 【详解】1. 词汇积累 揭示：reveal→disclose, bring out 忽视：ignore→neglect, disregard 重视：value→attach importance to, hold in high regard 从……开始：start with→begin with, commence with 2. 句式拓展 同义句转换 原句：Unless we rethink our choices, we’ll keep trading wisdom for fleeting pleasures. 拓展句：If we don’t rethink our choices, we’ll keep trading wisdom for fleeting pleasures. 【点睛】[高分句型1] Second, misinformation spreads the myth that “free digital services are harmless”, ignoring the hidden costs like data privacy risks and addictive algorithms. (运用了that引导同位语从句、现在分词作状语) [高分句型2] Last month, I wasted hours scrolling social media under “free WiFi”, only to realize I could have finished a novel. (运用了不定式作结果状语、that引导宾语从句并被省略) 2．Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 【来源】上海市格致中学2025-2026学年高三上学期期中英语试卷 假设你是明启中学高三学生李明。外教 Tom 老师希望了解学生在课余时间的阅读习惯，以便更好地设计和安排适合大家的阅读课程。为此，他请你在班级中开展了一次调查。请你根据所得数据（见下表）写一篇短文，向 Tom 老师汇报调查结果，内容应包括： （1）简要介绍调查结果和同学的阅读习惯； （2）就阅读课程的安排提出建议并说明理由。 学生课余阅读习惯调查 阅读类型 占比 示例说明 英文原著或报刊 5% 阅读英文小说、新闻报道等 网络文章 65% 浏览公众号、网络短文 课外学习资料 30% 阅读学习指南、模拟试题集等 ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Dear Tom, As you requested, I conducted a survey on students' after-class reading habits in our class, and here are the results. A mere 5% of the students prefer reading English original works or newspapers, like English novels and news reports. The majority, accounting for 65%, choose to read online articles, such as those on official accounts and short online essays. Meanwhile, 30% of the students read extracurricular learning materials, including study guides and mock test collections. Based on these findings, I suggest that in the reading courses, you could incorporate more online materials. Since most students are interested in online articles, this can arouse their enthusiasm for reading. Also, for those who read original works, you might provide some classic English novels with detailed explanations to help them better understand the content. And for students focusing on learning materials, you could design reading tasks related to exam skills. This way, the reading courses can meet the diverse needs of different students. Best regards, Li Ming 【导语】这是一篇开放性作文。请考生根据所得图表数据写一篇短文，向 Tom 老师汇报调查结果。 【详解】1.词汇积累： 进行：conduct→carry out 激发：arouse→stimulate 纳入：incorporate→include 多样的：diverse→various 2.句式拓展： 原句：Meanwhile, 30% of the students read extracurricular learning materials, including study guides and mock test collections. 拓展句：Meanwhile, 30% of the students read extracurricular learning materials, which include study guides and mock test collections. 【点睛】【高分句型 1】 The majority, accounting for 65%, choose to read online articles, such as those on official accounts and short online essays.（运用现在分词作后置定语） 【高分句型 3】 Based on these findings, I suggest that in the reading courses, you could incorporate more online materials.（使用虚拟语气和that引导的宾语从句） 3．Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 【来源】上海市洋泾中学2023-2024学年高三上学期第二次月考英语试题 下面一组图片展现了现代生活方式。请根据你对这组图片的理解用英语写一篇短文。 你的短文应包含以下内容： 1. 描述图片的内容； 2. 分析该现象的原因； 3. 结合生活实际，谈谈你的感想。 ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 The images present a vivid snapshot of modern lifestyle. The first image shows a person working remotely using laptop. The second depicts a home with laptop. In the third picture, the person is glued to his laptop to play. What is astonishing is that in the fourth picture, the person is still using laptop when he is supposed to go to sleep. This phenomenon stems from rapid technological advancements of our world. The convenience offered by smartphones and remote work tools have transformed our life and work. People now seek instant connectivity, efficiency, and flexibility, which these technologies provide. While these changes bring undeniable conveniences, they also pose challenges. The constant connection can lead to burnout and a sense of isolation. It's crucial to strike a balance between embracing technology's benefits and preserving personal space. In my daily life, I ensure to set boundaries to foster real-life connections. Ultimately, technology should serve to enhance our lives, not control them. 【导语】本文是一篇议论文，属于看图写作类型。要求考生描述图片内容，接着分析现象产生的原因，最后结合生活实际谈感想。 【详解】词汇积累 使用：use → employ 描绘：depict → portray 源于：stem from → originate from 不可否认的：undeniable → indisputable 句式拓展 同义句改写 原句：The first image shows a person working remotely using laptop. 拓展句：The initial depiction illustrates an individual engaged in telecommuting, utilizing a portable computer as their primary tool. 【高分句型1】What is astonishing is that in the fourth picture, the person is still using laptop when he is supposed to go to sleep.（使用了连接代词what连接的主语从句） 【高分句型2】People now seek instant connectivity, efficiency, and flexibility, which these technologies provide.（使用了关系代词which引导的非限定性定语从句，先行词为connectivity, efficiency, and flexibility） 4．Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.    上海市大同中学2025-2026学年高三上学期10月月考英语试题  你校英语社团准备举办一场主题为“科技与教育”的论坛，旨在探讨科技在教育中的作用和应用前景，你将在该论坛中发言。为此，你在校内进行了一项关于学生对科技的态度的调研。根据调研结果（如下图所示）写一篇报告，内容须包括： 1. 对调研结果的简要描述； 2. 对调研结果的分析。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】范文 According to a recent survey among students in our school, about 20% of the participants believe that technology is beneficial to their studies, while 75% hold the view that it negatively affects their learning. The remaining 5% are unsure about its impact. This result is thought-provoking. The overwhelming majority’s view might stem from the distraction caused by digital devices, such as spending too much time on games or social media instead of focusing on studies. In my opinion, technology, when used responsibly, can significantly improve our learning efficiency. Tools such as online courses and educational apps enable us to personalize our study plans and gain knowledge beyond textbooks. Nevertheless, it is essential to maintain a balance and stay focused on academic goals. By making wise use of technology, we can definitely enhance our education. 【导语】本篇书面表达属于图表作文。要求考生根据调研结果写一篇报告，内容须包括对调研结果的简要描述以及对调研结果的分析。 【详解】1. 词汇积累 有益的：beneficial → rewarding 影响：affect → influence 重要的：essential → vital 利用：make use of → take advantage of 2. 句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：By making wise use of technology, we can definitely enhance our education. 拓展句：When we make wise use of technology, we can definitely enhance our education. 【点睛】【高分句型1】According to a recent survey among students in our school, about 20% of the participants believe that technology is beneficial to their studies, while 75% hold the view that it negatively affects their learning.（运用了that引导宾语从句和that引导同位语从句） 【高分句型2】By making wise use of technology, we can definitely enhance our education.（运用了动名词作宾语) 5．Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 【来源】上海市杨浦区2024-2025学年高三上学期12月模拟质量调研英语试卷 假设你是明启中学的学生李华，最近参加了一个研究性学习项目，在全体高三学生中开展了题为“高中生对未来职业规划的认知与准备”的调查。根据下表调查结果，撰写调查报告，内容需包括： 1.简要描述数据； 2.分析原因； 3.提出建议。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 Report on High School Students' Career Planning Awareness As a student at Mingqi High, I conducted a survey on “High School Students’ Awareness and Preparation for Future Career Planning.” The results showed that 40% of seniors have a clear career plan, 30% have received guidance, but only 20% have engaged in career-related activities. Several factors could contribute to these findings. Firstly, the lack of comprehensive career guidance programs may hinder students’ ability to develop clear career plans. Secondly, limited opportunities for extracurricular career activities restrict students’ exposure to various career paths. To address these issues, I recommend that schools enhance their career guidance programs by offering more regular and comprehensive workshops. Additionally, encouraging students to participate in extracurricular career activities can broaden their horizons and provide valuable insights. Collaboration with local businesses for internships and mentoring programs can further enrich students’ practical experiences and help them make informed career decisions. By strengthening career support systems and increasing practical exposure, we can better prepare students for their future careers. 【导语】本篇书面表达属于图表写作。假设你是明启中学的学生李华，最近参加了一个研究性学习项目，在全体高三学生中开展了题为“高中生对未来职业规划的认知与准备”的调查，要求考生根据调查结果，撰写调查报告。 【详解】1. 词汇积累 组织：conduct→organize 显示：show→present 解决：address→solve 建议：recommend→suggest 2. 句式拓展 合并为复合句 原句：To address these issues, I recommend that schools enhance their career guidance programs by offering more regular and comprehensive workshops. Additionally, encouraging students to participate in extracurricular career activities can broaden their horizons and provide valuable insights. 拓展句：To address these issues, I recommend that schools not only enhance their career guidance programs by offering more regular and comprehensive workshops but also encourage students to participate in extracurricular career activities, which can broaden their horizons and provide valuable insights. 【点睛】[高分句型1]The results showed that 40% of seniors have a clear career plan, 30% have received guidance, but only 20% have engaged in career-related activities.(运用了that引导的宾语从句) [高分句型2]To address these issues, I recommend that schools enhance their career guidance programs by offering more regular and comprehensive workshops.(运用了that引导的宾语从句) 6．Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 【来源】上海市进才中学2024-2025学年高三上英语9月月考英语试题 你是明启中学高三学生李明，最近你校计划将露天网球场改造为停车场，以满足学校教工停车的需求,但学校师生对这一计划褒贬不一。为了更好地帮助校方做出决策,学生会调研了师生对该网球场的使用情况,结果如下图所示。结合这一调研结果，写一封信给校方，内容须包括: 1.你是否赞同这一改造计划; 2.结合调研结果说明你的理由。 The frequency of using the tennis court ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 Dear School Administration,          I’m Li Ming, a senior three student. I strongly oppose the plan to convert the outdoor tennis court into a parking lot.         The survey results clearly demonstrate that while the tennis court may not be heavily used daily, it sees significant utilization at least once a week. This suggests that it plays a vital role in providing recreational opportunities for both teachers and students during their leisure time. Turning it into a parking lot would eliminate this precious space for physical activities and relaxation. Moreover, a healthy and active lifestyle is essential for our overall well-being and academic performance. The tennis court offers a valuable outlet for us to stay fit and relieve stress. Therefore, I believe maintaining the tennis court is of greater importance. Best regards, Li Ming 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生结合师生对该网球场的使用情况调研结果，就是否赞成将露天网球场改造为停车场发表自己观点并写一封信给校方。 【详解】1.词汇积累 反对：oppose→be against 重要的：vital →crucial 机会：opportunity→chance 并且：moreover→besides 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句： I strongly oppose the plan to convert the outdoor tennis court into a parking lot. 拓展句： I strongly oppose the plan that aims to convert the outdoor tennis court into a parking lot. 【点睛】【高分句型1】 This suggests that it plays a vital role in providing recreational opportunities for both teachers and students during their leisure time. （运用了that引导的宾语从句） 【高分句型2】 Turning it into a parking lot would eliminate this precious space for physical activities and relaxation. （运用了动名词作主语） 二、真题演练 【来源】2016年上海高考英语试卷（秋考）（网络收集） 假设你是中华中学学生姚平，最近参加了一项研究性学习调研，课题为“父母是否以子女为荣”。通过调研你校学生及其父母，结果发现双方对此问题的看法有差异（数据如图所示）。根据图表写一份报告，在报告中，你必须： 1.描述调研数据； 2.分析可能导致这一结果的原因。 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】     Recently, we made a survey about whether the parents agree that they are proud of their children. The result shows that 80% of parents are proud of their children while only 60% of children hold the same opinion. According to the survey, we can conclude that the number of parents who approved the idea is 20% more than of children. There seems to be two causes as we tried to figure out what led to this subtle difference. First, conservative Chinese parents are never accustomed to conveying directly how much they are proud of their children. This tendency to conceal feelings hardly helps children develop a strong sense of self-confidence. Second, the current education system excessively emphasizes the value of academic performance, thus forcing children to extensively believe that only by achieving excellent scores can they make their parents proud. This bias unfairly undermines the significance of talents for art and sports, which easily frustrates children and renders them more likely to underestimate themselves. Without the genuine encouragement from parents and the reversal of exam-oriented educational methods, a kid would never end up with a positive grown-up． 【导语】本篇书面表达属于图标作文。考生最近参加了一项研究性学习调研，课题为“父母是否以子女为荣”。通过调研你校学生及其父母，结果发现双方对此问题的看法有差异（数据如图所示）。根据图表写一份报告。 【详解】1.词汇积累 导致：lead to→result in 以……为自豪：be proud of→take pride in 帮助：help→assist 重要性：significance→importance 2.句式拓展 同义句 原句：Second, the current education system excessively emphasizes the value of academic performance, thus forcing children to extensively believe that only by achieving excellent scores can they make their parents proud． 拓展句：Second, the current education system excessively emphasizes the value of academic performance, which forces children to extensively believe that only by achieving excellent scores can they make their parents proud. 【点睛】[高分句型1] This bias unfairly undermines the significance of talents for art and sports, which easily frustrates children and renders them more likely to underestimate themselves. (运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句) [高分句型2] According to the survey, we can conclude that the number of parents who approved the idea is 20% more than of children. (运用了who引导的定语从句) 1 / 16 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $