Unit 2 We are family! Section A 2a-2e 语言点精讲精练-2025-2026学年人教版七年级英语上册

本初中英语讲义聚焦Unit 2 Section A 2a-2e核心语言点，系统梳理spend的词形变换、搭配及与take、cost的辨析，a lot of的用法，really的副词功能，do的助动词与实义动词用法，play在球类和乐器前的冠词规则，whose的疑问用法及welcome的多词性运用。知识点从基础词形、固定搭配到近义词对比、多情境运用，形成由浅入深的学习支架，帮助学生构建完整知识网络。 该资料以讲练结合为特色，精讲部分通过例句对比（如spend与take、cost的主语及句型差异）培养思维品质，精练部分涵盖填空、阅读、短文填空等多样题型提升语言能力。答案解析详细，课中辅助教师高效授课，课后助力学生查漏补缺，例如完形填空和阅读单选强化语篇理解，短文填空提升综合语言运用能力，有效促进学习能力发展。

Unit 2 Section A 2a-2e语言点精讲精练 I．语言点精讲 1. He spends a lot of time fishing. 词形变换：第三人称单数spends 现在分词spending 过去式spent They wanted to spend the evening by themselves. 他们想要单独度过这个夜晚。 必备搭配：※注意：在使用spend时,主语只能是表示人的名词或代词。 Sb. spends time (money) on sth. （介词on后接名词或代词） Sb. spends time (money)（in）doing sth.（动词要用动词-ing形式,介词in可以省略） I spend too much time watching television.我看电视花的时间太多。 Andy spent a lot of money on books. Andy。安迪花了很多钱买书。 翻译：(写出两种) Kitty每天花两个小时做家庭作业: Kitty spends two hours on her homework every day. Kitty spends two hours doing her homework every day. 他们买那辆自行车花了550元： They spent 550 yuan buying the bike. They spent 550 yuan on the bike. 拓展 近义词辨析：take, cost, spend 1)根据句型辨析 sth. costs (sb) money某物花某人多少钱 sb spends time (money) on sth 某人在某一方面花多少钱 sb spends time (money)（in）doing sth 某人做某事方面花多少钱 It takes sb time (money) to do sth 做某事花某人多少时间或钱 2)根据主语辨析虽然三者均可表示“花费”，但所用主语不同： take 的主语可以是事或物(包括形式主语it)，也可以是人； spend 的主语只能是人，不能是事或物； cost 的主语通常是事或物(包括形式主语it)，不能是人。 It took me an hour to write the letter. 我写这封信花了一个小时。 The letter took me an hour (to write). (译文同上) I spent an hour writing the letter. (译文同上) The computer cost (me) $2000. 这台电脑花了(我) 2000 美元。 It costs $1000 a year to run a car. 使用一辆车每年要花1000美元。 I have spent all day looking for you. 我花了一整天找你。 3)根据宾语辨析 take 的宾语通常是时间 cost 的宾语通常是钱 spend 的宾语则可以是时间或钱 It took her two hours to walk to the station. 走路去车站花了她两小时。 How much did it cost to build the bridge? 建这座桥花了多少钱? He spends much time (money) on books. 他花了很多时间读(钱买)书。 2. a lot of很多，大量的 a lot of=lots of 许多的 可以修饰可数名词和不可数名词 There was a lot of post this morning.今天上午邮件很多 I go to a lot of concerts. 我常去听音乐会。 lots of和a lot of做定语，谓语动词的数不是由lot和lot来决定，而是由of所引导的名词的数来决定。 A lot of time has been wasted. A lot of time has been wasted. 有许多时间给浪费掉了。(a lot of=much) The bus was full, and a lot of people were standing. 公共汽车里挤满了人，许多人都站着。 (a lot of=many) There is lots of time to spare. 时间绰绰有余。(lots of=much) 3.She can play it really very well. really / ˈriːəli /adv.非常；确实（用于加强语气）；真正地；事实上 real adj. 真正的，真实的 修饰名词 那是真的金牌,他们是我们国家的真正英雄。 Those are two real gold medals, and they are real heroes of our country. 他真的很爱他。He really loves her. 4. do aux. v. & v. 用于构成否定句和疑问句； 做； 干 1) do在此处是助动词，没有实际意义，主要用于构成行为动词的疑问句或否定句，其第三人称单数形式为does。 Do you go to school at 7:30? 你七点半去上学吗？ Do you play volleyball? Yes, I do. I play volleyball well. I don't play soccer ball. 含有实义动词have的一般疑问句：Do+you+do+其他？你有...吗？ 否定回答：No,I don't. 不，我没有。(I don't do...) 2) do还可作行为动词， 意为“做；干”。 I do my homework after dinner. 晚饭后我做家庭作业。 含有实义动词have的一般疑问句：Do+you+do+其他？你有...吗？ 肯定回答：Yes, I do. 是的，我做。 5. play v.参加（比赛或运动）; 玩耍 1) play在此处是及物动词，后接表示球类运动的名词时，play 与球类运动名词之间不加冠词。 2) play作动词还可意为 “玩耍”，play with sb./sth.表示“和某人一起玩/玩……”。 3) play作动词，还可意为“演奏；弹奏” ，后接表示乐器的名词时，乐器名词前要加定冠词the。 He often plays volleyball after school. 他放学后经常打排球。 I often play with Tom. We usually play with a ball. 我经常和汤姆玩。我们通常玩球。 She can play the piano. 她会弹钢琴。 6. whose Whose, 意为“谁的”,是一个用于问询所有权或归属关系的疑问词，主要用作代词。 例句：1)Whose phone is ringing? （电话是谁的在响？） 2)Whose keys are these? （这些是谁的钥匙？） 7.welcome 作为名词，‌意为“欢迎、‌款待”. 例如: “warm welcome”（‌热烈欢迎）‌/ “cold welcome”（‌冷淡的欢迎） 作为及物动词，‌意为“欢迎（‌某人或某事物）‌” 例如：‌They welcome us warmly .（‌他们热情地欢迎我们。‌）‌ Welcome to Beijing!（‌欢迎来北京！‌）‌ 作为形容词，‌意为“受欢迎的”或“令人喜欢的”. 例如：‌“a welcome guest”（‌受欢迎的客人）‌ 作为表语时，‌welcome表示“被允许的；‌可随意使用…‌…‌的”. 例如：‌“You are welcome to use my car.”（‌我的车你尽管用。‌）‌ II．语言点精练 一、用所给词的适当形式填空 1. They have many kinds of ________ (activity). 2. — Whose bags are these? — They’re my ________ (grandparents). 3. _________ (Tom) answer is wrong. 4. I spend much time ________ (play) badminton. 5. ________ (do) Mr. Han have a meeting every Monday? 二、根据汉语提示完成句子 1．他每天花两小时看书。 He two hours books every day. 2．——这是谁的篮球？ ——是我弟弟的。 — is this? — my . 3．你经常下中国象棋吗？ Do you often ? 4．我每天都打乒乓球。 I play ping-pong . 5．我可以进来吗？ May I ? 三、单项选择 1. —What can you do, Bob? —I can play ______ piano and I can play ______ badminton. A．a; an B．a; a C．the; / D．the; a 2．This is ________ computer. A．Ann’s and Tom B．Ann and Tom’s C．Ann and Tom D．Ann’s and Tom’s 3．—Is this your dictionary? —No, it’s________. A．Peter B．his C．Peter’s D．B and C 4．Tony is my cousin and he is my uncle’s ________. A．brother B．father C．son D．grandpa 5．—Playing ________ chess is my favorite leisure activity. What about you? —I spend most of my time playing ________ violin. A．the; / B．the; the C．/; the D．/; / 四、补全对话 从下列方框中选出恰当的句子，完成对话。答案填题后的横线上。 A: Let’s play tennis. B: 1 . But I don’t have a tennis racket. Do you have one? A: No, I don’t. But I have a soccer ball.   2 B: No, 3 . Let’s play ping-pong. I have a ping-pong bat. A: 4 B: It’s in my backpack.. Do you have a bat? A: No, I don’t. But my brother has a bat and a ball B: Good. Where is he ? A: 5 A．He’s in his bedroom B．Let’s play basketball. C．That sounds fun D．Good. Where is it ? E．Do you have a tennis racket? F．That sounds boring G．Let’s play soccer 五、完形填空。 Hello! My 1 is Wang Zidong. Baseball is my favorite 2 . You know it’s good for our health. So I often 3 it with my friends after school. I like playing computer games, too. I think they are very 4 . But my father doesn’t buy me a computer . Wang Ziyan is my sister. 5 favorite sport is volleyball. She has five 6 . She is good at playing volleyball. She 7 watching volleyball games on the computer. She thinks volleyball 8 relaxing. She has a computer 9 her room. She often watches games on the computer. Her favorite 10 is Ding Xia. She is a top player of the Chinese women’s volleyball team (中国国家女排). My sister and I like sports. because we think sports are good for our learning. Do you also like sports? If so, it’s great! 1．A．brother B．name C．friend D．father 2．A．sport B．ball C．color D．picture 3．A．call B．get C．play D．like 4．A．interesting B．same C．boring D．tidy 5．A．His B．Her C．My D．Their 6．A．baseballs B．basketballs C．soccer balls D．volleyballs 7．A．wants B．needs C．likes D．thinks 8．A．am B．is C．are D．be 9．A．of B．on C．under D．in 10．A．doctor B．teacher C．star D．cook (厨师) 六、阅读单选 Tony is 13 years old. He has three sisters and no brothers. Tony’s father is an office worker and he loves playing sports (运动) with Tony. Tony also likes sports, but his favorite sport is dancing. Tony’s sisters go to dancing classes every day and Tony wants to go with them, too. But his father doesn’t want him to go. “Dancing is only for girls,” says his father. Tony is not happy to hear that. He really wants to take the dancing classes. Then Tony’s sisters say they can help him learn to dance. Then they often take Tony to the dancing class and teach him to dance secretly (秘密地). On the day of the school dancing show, Tony’s father comes to school to see his daughters’ dance. Tony dances with his sisters very well. Many parents give them lots of warm applause (掌声). His father is very happy. Now he knows boys can dance, too. 根据材料内容，选择最佳答案。 1．Tony’s father has ________ children. A．one B．two C．three D．four 2．What does Tony’s father do? A．A sports man. B．An office worker. C．A policeman. D．A dancing teacher. 3．What’s Tony’s favorite thing to do? A．Dancing. B．Playing sports. C．Drawing. D．Playing with his sisters. 4．Who helps Tony secretly? A．His mother. B．His friends. C．His sisters. D．His teacher. 5．What may Tony’s father think of Tony’s show? A．Great. B．Boring. C．Easy. D．Free. 七、七选五。 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Mr. and Mrs. Green have three children. They are all girls. 1 Sue is fifteen, Rose is twelve and Kitty is eight. Their father, Mr. Green, is an English teacher. Their mother, Mrs. Green, is a nurse (护士). They love their three children very much. Sue, Rose and Kitty all like fruit. But they don’t like the same fruit. Sue likes apples. Rose likes pears (梨) and Kitty likes oranges. 2 Sue likes red. Rose likes yellow. And Kitty likes purple. They often have clothes in different colors. 3 4 They call Sue “Apple”, Rose “Pear” and Kitty “Orange”. The children like their nicknames (绰号) very much. 5 Do you like their names? A．They like different (不同的) colors, too. B．Mr. and Mrs. Green like their daughters. C．So you can know them from their clothes. D．Now Mr. and Mrs. Green don’t call their names at home. E．They think the names are interesting. F．Their last names are Green. G．They are Sue, Rose and Kitty. 八、短文填空 I’m Ben. Look! Here is 1 nice photo of my family. Six people are 2 my family: my grandparents, my 3 (parent), my twin sister Jenny and I. My mother is a clerk at a clothes store. She 4 (like) nice clothes and she has many clothes. My father is a teacher in a middle school. He likes playing basketball. He thinks it is 5 (interest), and he plays basketball very 6 (good). My grandmother likes cooking(烹饪), and she cooks good food for 7 (we) family. My grandfather likes music. Jenny likes reading very much. She has many 8 (book). And the boy is me. My favorite color is blue. Look, my bag is blue. 9 (I) cup is blue, too. We 10 (be) very happy. II. 语言点精练参考答案及解析 一、用所给词的适当形式填空 1. They have many kinds of ________ (activity). 【答案】activities 2. — Whose bags are these? — They’re my ________ (grandparents). 【答案】grandparents’ 3. _________ (Tom) answer is wrong. 【答案】Tom’s 4. I spend much time ________ (play) badminton. 【答案】playing 5. ________ (do) Mr. Han have a meeting every Monday? 【答案】Does 二、根据汉语提示完成句子 1．他每天花两小时看书。 He two hours books every day. 【答案】 spends reading/on 【详解】根据题干可知，本句是sb spend time doing/on sth“某人花时间做某事上”的结构，主语是he，时态是一般现在时，所以谓语动词用三单形式；“看书”read books。故填spends；reading/on。 2．——这是谁的篮球？ ——是我弟弟的。 — is this? — my . 【答案】 Whose basketball It’s brother’s 【详解】根据题干可知，空处①②缺少“谁的篮球”，应用疑问词whose表示“谁的”，用名词basketball表示“篮球”；空处③缺少“是……”，此处指的是篮球，应用it’s表示；空处④缺少“弟弟的”，应用名词所有格brother’s表示，句首单词首字母大写。故填Whose；basketball；It’s；brother’s。 3．你经常下中国象棋吗？ Do you often ? 【答案】 play Chinese chess 【详解】根据句意，缺少“下中国象棋”，可以翻译为“play Chinese chess”。其中，“play”是动词，表示“玩”或“下”棋类游戏；“Chinese”是形容词，表示“中国的”；“chess”是名词，表示“象棋”。 故填play；Chinese；chess。 4．我每天都打乒乓球。 I play ping-pong . 【答案】 every day 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，空格处缺少表达“每天”，其英文为every day。故填every；day。 5．我可以进来吗？ May I ? 【答案】 come in 【详解】come in“进来”，动词短语；情态动词may后接动词原形，故填come；in。 三、单项选择 1. —What can you do, Bob? —I can play ______ piano and I can play ______ badminton. A．a; an B．a; a C．the; / D．the; a 【答案】C 【解析】句意：——鲍勃，你能干什么？——我能弹钢琴，我还可以打羽毛球。 考查冠词的用法。根据“piano”可知，在西洋乐器前要用定冠词the；根据“badminton”可知，在球类、棋类名词前要用零冠词。故选C。 2．This is ________ computer. A．Ann’s and Tom B．Ann and Tom’s C．Ann and Tom D．Ann’s and Tom’s 【答案】B 【解析】句意：这是安和汤姆的电脑。 考查名词所有格。根据“This is”及“computer”可知，这里只有一台电脑，应该是两个人共有的，所以应该用：A and B’s。故选B。 3．—Is this your dictionary? —No, it’s________. A．Peter B．his C．Peter’s D．B and C 【答案】D 【解析】句意：——这是你的词典吗？——不，它是他的/彼得的。 考查名词性物主代词和所有格。根据上文“Is this your dictionary?”结合否定回答“No”，可知此处回答“它是某人的”，空后无名词，所以用名词性物主代词his或者所有格Peter’s，指代“……的字典”。故选D。 4．Tony is my cousin and he is my uncle’s ________. A．brother B．father C．son D．grandpa 【答案】C 【解析】句意：托尼是我的堂弟，他是我叔叔的儿子。 考查名词辨析。brother哥哥，弟弟；father父亲；son儿子；grandpa爷爷。根据“Tony is my cousin”可知，堂弟应该是叔叔的儿子。故选C。 5．—Playing ________ chess is my favorite leisure activity. What about you? —I spend most of my time playing ________ violin. A．the; / B．the; the C．/; the D．/; / 【答案】C 【解析】句意：——下棋是我最喜欢的休闲活动。你呢？——我大部分时间都在拉小提琴。 考查冠词的用法。“Playing...chess”表示下棋，此时棋类前无需冠词；“playing...violin”表示拉小提琴，乐器前需加定冠词the。故选C。 四、补全对话 【答案】1．C 2．G 3．F 4．D 5．A 【分析】试题分析：这篇小对话A和B讨论了玩什么，最后一致同意打乒乓球。 1．根据A的提议Let’s play tennis.，结合B的补充But I don’t have a tennis racket. Do you have one?，可知备选句子中That sounds fun.最合B的意思，故选C。 2．根据A的回答No, I don’t. But I have a soccer ball.，可知A也没有网球拍但有一个足球，所以A会重新提议踢足球，备选句子中Let’s play soccer符合题意，故选G。 3．根据B的回答No,，可知B不同意，备选句子中的That sounds boring.正好解释了原因，故选F。 4．根据B的回答It’s in my backpack.，是位置，可知A问了某物（乒乓球拍）在哪里，备选句子中只有Good. Where is it ?是问地点的，故选D。 5．根据上文B的问话Good. Where is he ?，问的是他在哪，可知A需回答地点。备选句子中，只有He’s in his bedroom.符合题意，故选A。 五、完形填空 【答案】本文介绍了作者和姐姐各自喜欢的运动和爱好。 1．句意：我叫王子东。 brother哥哥；name姓名；friend朋友；father爸爸。根据“Wang Zidong”可知，是指名字，故选B。 2．句意：棒球是我最喜欢的运动。 sport运动；ball球；color颜色；picture图片。根据“Baseball ”可知，棒球是一种运动，故选A。 3．句意：所以放学后我经常和我的朋友们一起玩。 call打电话；get得到；play玩；like喜欢。it指代棒球，所以此处是指打棒球，故选C。 4．句意：我认为他们非常有趣。 interesting有趣的；same相同的；boring无聊的；tidy整洁的。根据“I like playing computer games, too.”可知，喜欢玩电脑游戏，所以认为这很有趣，故选A。 5．句意：她最喜欢的运动是排球。 His他的；Her她的；My我的；Their他们的。根据“Wang Ziyan is my sister”可知，是指姐姐最喜欢的运动是排球，应用her。故选B。 6．句意：她有五个排球。 baseballs棒球；basketballs篮球；soccer balls足球；volleyballs排球。根据“favorite sport is volleyball.”可知，有五个排球，故选D。 7．句意：她喜欢在电脑上看排球比赛。 wants想要；needs需要；likes喜欢；thinks喜欢。根据“watching volleyball games on the computer.”可知，应该是喜欢看排球比赛，like doing sth“喜欢做”，故选C。 8．句意：她认为排球很放松。 am是，主语是I；is是，主语是第三人称单数；are是，主语是you或复数；be是，动词原形。主语是volleyball，be用is。故选B。 9．句意：她的房间里有一台电脑。 of……的；on在……上；under在……下；in在……里面。根据“her room”可知，电脑在房间里，故选D。 10．句意：她最喜欢的明星是丁霞。 doctor医生；teacher老师；star明星；cook厨师。根据“Ding Xia”和“She is a top player of the Chinese women’s volleyball team (中国国家女排).”可知，丁霞是排球明星，故选C。 六、阅读单选 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．A 4．C 5．A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了托尼学跳舞的故事。 1．细节理解题。根据“Tony is 13 years old. He has three sisters and no brothers.”可知，托尼的爸爸有四个孩子，故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据“Tony’s father is an office worker”可知，托尼的爸爸是一名上班族，故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据“Tony also likes sports, but his favorite sport is dancing.”可知，托尼最喜欢跳舞，故选A。 4．细节理解题。根据“Then Tony’s sisters say they can help him learn to dance. Then they often take Tony to the dancing class and teach him to dance secretly (秘密地).”可知，托尼的姐妹们经常带托尼去舞蹈课，偷偷地教他跳舞。故选C。 5．推理判断题。根据“His father is very happy.”可知，托尼的父亲很高兴，所以觉得托尼的表演很棒。故选A。 七、七选五 【答案】1．G 2．A 3．C 4．D 5．E 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要介绍了格林一家以及三个孩子的喜好。 1．根据“Mr. and Mrs. Green have three children.”可知，空处是继续介绍他们的孩子们，G项“她们是苏、罗丝和基蒂。”符合语境。故选G。 2．根据“Sue likes red. Rose likes yellow. And Kitty likes purple.”可知，是介绍她们喜欢的颜色，A项“她们也喜欢不同的颜色。”符合语境。故选A。 3．根据“They often have clothes in different colors.”可知，此处是介绍她们的不同之处，与衣服颜色有关，结合选项，C项“你可以从他们的衣服认出她们。”符合语境。故选C。 4．根据“They call Sue ‘Apple’, Rose ‘Pear’ and Kitty ‘Orange’.”可知，空处是介绍对她们的称呼，D项“现在格林先生和格林太太在家里不叫她们的名字。”符合语境。故选D。 5．根据“The children like their nicknames (绰号) very much.”可知，孩子们喜欢自己的绰号，肯定是因为绰号很有意思，E项“她们认为绰号很有趣。”符合语境。故选E。 八、短文填空 【答案】 1． a 2．in 3．parents 4．likes 5．interesting 6．well 7．Our 8．Books 9．My 10．are 【解析】本文介绍了Ben的家庭成员。 1．句意：这是一张我家的漂亮照片。根据“nice photo of my family”可知，此处指一张照片，表泛指，nice开头音素为辅音，应使用冠词a。故填a。 2．句意：我家有六口人：我的祖父母、父母、双胞胎妹妹珍妮和我。根据“Six people are...my family”可知，此处指在家里有六口人，介词in“在……里”符合语境。故填in。 3．句意：我家有六口人：我的祖父母、父母、双胞胎妹妹珍妮和我。parent“父亲/母亲”，可数名词；根据“Six people”可知，这个家既有父亲也有母亲，应使用复数形式。故填parents。 4．句意：她喜欢漂亮的衣服，而且她有很多衣服。根据“She...nice clothes and she has many clothes.”可知，句子时态为一般现在时，主语she为第三人称单数，动词应使用第三人称单数形式。故填likes。 5．句意：他觉得这很有趣，而且他篮球打得很好。根据“He thinks it is...”可知，此处作表语，应使用形容词，it代指“打篮球”，应使用interesting”有趣的”修饰。故填interesting。 6．句意：他觉得这很有趣，而且他篮球打得很好。根据“and he plays basketball very...”可知，此处修饰动词play，应使用副词well。故填well。 7．句意：我的祖母喜欢烹饪，她为我们家做美味的食物。根据“and she cooks good food for...family.”可知，此处修饰名词family，应使用形容词性物主代词our“我们的”。故填our。 8．句意：她有很多书。book“书”，可数名词，此处被many修饰，应使用复数形式。故填books。 9．句意：我的杯子也是蓝色的。根据“cup is blue”可知，此处修饰名词cup，应使用形容词性物主代词my“我的”。句首单词首字母大写，故填My。 10．句意：我们非常高兴。主语we为复数，时态为一般现在时，be动词应使用are。故填are。 www.21cnjy.com 精品试卷·第 2 页 （共 2 页） 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $