专题01 Units 1～2 教材核心知识串讲（期末复习课件）八年级英语上学期新教材沪教版

这是一份初中英语期末复习课件，针对沪教版八年级上册Units 1~2，包含考情透视、知识梳理、语法串讲、真题引领四大模块，以考情分析明确目标，分单元梳理单词短语句型，聚焦不定代词和数词语法点并配即时检测，结合真题实战训练，为学生搭建系统复习支架。 资料特色突出核心素养培养，考情分析融入百科全书发展史与数字应用，渗透文化意识；语法串讲通过some/any用法对比、数词日期表达等实例，提升语言能力；真题训练结合数据图表分析，培养思维品质；结构化知识梳理助力学习能力提升。能帮助学生夯实基础、提升应试能力，也为教师提供系统教学资源，适配八年级学生巩固基础、应对期末的学情需求。

期末复习考点串讲 Units 1~2 沪教版·八年级英语上册 考 情 透 视 知 识 梳 理 语 法 串 讲 真 题 引 领 目 录 01 考情透视·目标导航 语法串讲·融会贯通 知识梳理·夯实基础 真题引领·实战训练 （单词、短语、句型积累） 02 03 04 （不定代词和数词） 课标要求 考情分析 第一部分 考情透视·目标导航 考情透视·目标导航 课标要求 了解百科全书的发展史，百科全书的文章特点，及如何查阅百科全书。了解数字在我们生活中的重要作用，学会用数据“处理信息、分析问题”。以 “数据” 为桥梁，培养语言学习与逻辑思维能力。 理解百科全书知识整合价值, 增强跨文化知识交流意识与文化认同感。通过分析数字规律培养逻辑思维和抽象思维能力。 01 语言知识 02 语言能力 03 文化意识与情感态度 能够分析百科条目与故事文本的结构差异，归纳事实性文本语言特征。能掌握与百科知识相 关的词汇；熟练运用一般过去时、年代表达、比较结构等语法知识能从百科条目中提取关键信息，熟练运用基数词、序数词进行交流；读懂含数字的短文。能用数字撰写简单的趋势分析报告。 考情透视·目标导航 考情分析 语法与词汇 学习不定代词和数词的基本用法。 掌握客观描述人基本信息和物基本特征的一些词汇，了解数字在我们日常生活中的重要作用。学会用数字记录和展现各种信息。 阅读理解 了解百科全书上文章的基本特征。能够阅读和理解百科全书上的相同难度的文章，能够了解数字在我们日常生活中的应用。能够用数字记录我们的生活，阅读有关数字的文章。 写作与表达 能够写关于一位科学家的百科全书条目。学习分析数据，处理数据，能根据图表写出关于数据的文章。 单词、短语、句型 第二部分 知识梳理·夯实基础 一、重点单词 1. ______________ 2. ______________ 3. ______________ 4. ______________ 5. ______________ 6. ______________ 7. ______________ 8. ______________ 9.——————— 10.——————— 11. ______________ 12. ______________ 13. ______________ 14. ______________ 15. ______________ 16. ______________ 17. ______________ 18. ______________ 19. ______________ 20. ______________ 知识梳理·夯实基础 Unit 1 Look it up 恐龙 有才智的；聪明的 有才能的；天才 有艺术天赋的； 可能；大概； 笔记本 交通工具；车辆 史前的 完全地； 原来的；起初的 出生 苦难；疼痛. 艺术家； 死；死亡 全部的；所有的 一首，一篇（作品） 编辑 安排；组织 顺序 记录 dinosaur intelligent talented artistic perhaps notebook vehicle prehistoric original artist organize record suffering completely birth death whole piece editor order 二、重点短语 知识梳理·夯实基础 1. ______________ 2. ______________ 3. ______________ 4. ______________ 5. ______________ 6. ______________ 7. ______________ 8. ______________ 9.——————— Unit 1 Look it up 在…… 方面异常有天赋 出生 展现出极高的智慧 思考；考虑 与…有关 / 与…有亲属 有不同的尺寸 和…… 一样小 灭绝；消失 不是… 就是… be unusually talented in be born showed great intelligence think about be related to come in different sizes as small as die out either...or.. 二、重点短语 知识梳理·夯实基础 10. ______________ 11. ______________ 12. ______________ 13. ______________ 14. ______________ 15. ______________ 16. ______________ 17. ______________ 18. ______________ Unit 1 Look it up 通识教育 在线使用百科全书 编纂百科全书的悠久历史 在历史上 两者都；既…… 又…… 追溯到很久以前；历史悠久 与…… 相似 在…中起重要作用 了解；获悉关于… 的情况 general education use encyclopaedias online a long history of creating encyclopaedias in history Both...and... go back a long way be similar to play an important role in learn about 知识梳理·夯实基础 三、重点句型 Unit 1 Look it up 1.达・芬奇极为聪慧，在许多不同领域都拥有非凡天赋。 Da Vinci was extremely intelligent, and he ____ _______ _____ _____many different fields. 2.自幼便展现出卓越的智慧与艺术才华。 ____ _____ _____ _______, he showed great intelligence and artistic talent 3.达・芬奇出生于意大利乡村 Leonardo da Vinci ____ ______in the countryside in Italy. 4. 他的笔记中包含一些飞行器和其他交通工具的有趣设计图。 His notebooks include some interesting drawings of ______ _________and other vehicles. 5. 他们与鳄鱼、蛇和蜥蜴有亲缘关系 They ____ ______ ______crocodiles , snakes and lizards. was unusually talented in From an early age was born flying machines are related to 知识梳理·夯实基础 6.恐龙体型各异：有些像鸡一样小，而另一些则有十头大象那么大。 Dinosaurs _____ _____ _____ ______. Some were _____ _____ _____chickens, and others were as big as ten elephants. 7. 恐龙突然灭绝。科学家尚未完全确定其灭绝原因， Dinosaurs suddenly ____ ______. Scientists are not completely sure why. 8. 世界其他地区的百科全书也有着悠久的历史 Encyclopaedias in other parts of the world also ____ ____ _____ ____ ___way in history. 9.它们与中国早期的百科全书相似，因为都收录了不同学者的著作。 They ____ _____ _____early Chinese encyclopacdias because they included works by different scholars. 10.百科全书在历史上一直扮演着记录和提供信息的重要角色。 Encyclopaedias have _____ _____ _____ ____ _____through history in recording and providing information. came in different sizes as small as died out go back a long way were similar to played an important role 一、重点单词 1. ______________ 2. ______________ 3. ______________ 4. ______________ 5. ______________ 6. ______________ 7. ______________ 8. ______________ 9.——————— 10.——————— 11. ______________ 12. ______________ 13. ______________ 14. ______________ 15. ______________ 16. ______________ 17. ______________ 18. ______________ 19. ______________ 20. ______________ 知识梳理·夯实基础 Unit 2 Amazing numbers 航程 日程安排 挑战 奖赏；奖励 承诺；保证 银 回复；答复 犹豫 想知道；琢磨 同意；赞成 百分之…… 目前；当前 检查；核查 预算 省份 急剧地； 计算，数数 系统 符号；记号 准确地 flight schedule challenge reply hesitation wonder agree per cent currently symbol prize promise silver check system sharply count exactly budget province 二、重点短语 知识梳理·夯实基础 Unit 2 Amazing numbers 1. ________________________ 2. ________________________ 3. ________________________ 4. ________________________ 5. ________________________ 6. ________________________ 7. ________________________ 8. ________________________ 9.———————————— 向…… 挑战（某事 / 做某事） 想要；愿意 代表 剩余的……；其余的…… 毫不犹豫地 将有；会有（用于一般将来时） 考虑；思考 写下；记下 等等；诸如此类 challenged …to would like stand for the rest of without hesitation there will be think about write down and so on 二、重点短语 知识梳理·夯实基础 Unit 2 Amazing numbers 10. ________________________ 11. ________________________ 12. ________________________ 13. ________________________ 14. ________________________ 15. ________________________ 16. ________________________ 17. ________________________ 18.———————————— 听从某人的建议； 代替；而不是 制定预算；做预算 计划一次旅行 上升（下降）；上涨（下跌） 在 19 世纪下半叶期间 不如 航班时刻表 全年；一整年 followed one’s advice instead of make a budget plan a journey go up（down） During the second half of the 1800s not as…as… flight schedule all year round 知识梳理·夯实基础 三、重点句型 1.有一天，以为充满智慧的老者来到宫殿，国王向他挑战一次比赛。 One day, a wise old man came to the palace and the king _______ _____ _____a game. 2.国王向老人承诺道：“若赢得比赛，你可以获得任何奖品。” The king promised the old man, “You can have any prize if you _____ ____ ______.” 3.我希望你把剩下的每个方格的数量加倍。 I'd like you to double the amount for each of ____ _____ ______the squares. 4. 国王很快就意识到了问题——即使用全国所有的大米来放满棋盘也远远不够！ The King quickly _____ _____ ______— even with all the rice in the country, he would still not have enough rice to put on all the squares! 5. 如果你承诺采纳我的建议，我可以教你如何去赚更多的钱。 I can teach you how to make more money if you promise _______ ______ ______. Unit 2 Amazing numbers challenged him to win the game the rest of realized the problem follow my advice 知识梳理·夯实基础 6.年轻人毫不犹豫地同意了 The young man agreed _______ ________. 7. 这个年轻人听从了他的建议，一年四季都在努力工作。 The young man ______ _____ ______and worked hard all year round. 8.人们用数字做很多事情，比如计划旅行 People use numbers to do a lot of things, like ______ _______ _______for example 9. 图表显示，1800年之前，世界人口增长非常缓慢 The graph shows that the population in the world ______ _____ _____before the year 1800. 10. 人们开始使用不同的抽象符号来表示不同的数字，而不是使用计数棒。 ______ _____ ______tally sticks, people began using different abstract symbols to represent different numbers. without hesitation followed his advice followed his advice rose very slowly Instead of using 语法串讲 即时检测 第三部分 语法串讲·融会贯通 语法串讲·融会贯通 不定代词: some & any 语法串讲·融会贯通 复合不定代词 语法串讲·融会贯通 即时检测（检查不定代词的用法） 1. Would you like _______ tea? No, I don’t like ______ tea, but I would like ______ cakes. A. any, any, some B. some, any, any C. some, any, some D. any, some, any 2. --Listen! ___ is ringing the doorbell. Would you mind opening the door, Bill? -- Of course not, Dad. I will do it right now. A. Everybody B. Somebody C. Anybody D. Nobody 考查不定代词最基本的用法。Would you like... 表示委婉请求，用 some；否定句 don’t like 用 any；最后一句 想要一些 仍表请求，用 some。 考查不定代词最基本的用法。somebody（某人）用于肯定句，符合 有人正在按门铃 的语境。everybody（所有人）、anybody（任何人，常用于否定 / 疑问句）和 nobody（没人）均不符。 语法串讲·融会贯通 即时检测（检查不定代词的用法） 3.There is ________ with your car. A nothing seriously wrong B. seriously wrong nothing C．nothing wrong seriously D．wrong seriously nothing 4.He asked me if there was _______to read. A. easy enough something B. enough easy something C．something easy enough D. something enough easy 形容词修饰不定代词，放在后面。 形容词修饰不定代词，放在后面。Enough修饰形容词也放在形容词后面。 语法串讲·融会贯通 即时检测（检查不定代词的用法） 5.I agree with most of what you said, but I don’t agree with ______. A．everything B．anything C．something D．nothing 6. There is ____ wrong with your watch. Look! It works well. A．something B．nothing C．everything D．anything 考查复合不定代词的意义。everything 每件事 强调整体。这里指整体，所以A符合。 anything 任何事，强调个体。something有些事。nothing没有事。 考查复合不定代词的意义。 语法串讲·融会贯通 即时检测（检查不定代词的用法） 7.When our teacher heard of the news, he was too angry to say _______. A. everything B. nothing C. something D. anything 8. There isn’t ____ water in the bottle. Could you please get me _____? A. any; some B. some; any C. any; any D. some; some 考查复合不定代词的用法。too...to... 结构表否定，用 anything（用于否定句） 考查不定代词的用法。否定句用 any；请求建议句（Could you...）用 some 表委婉语气。 语法串讲·融会贯通 数词 一、定义与分类 数词是指表示数目多少或顺序先后的词。表示数目多少的数词叫基数词，如 one, five, ten, thirty, sixty-five 等；表示顺序先后的数词叫序数词，如 first, sixth, tenth, twenty-first 等。数词用法相当于名词和形容词，在句中可用作主语、宾语、表语、定语、同位语等。 二、基数词 1. hundred（百）, thousand（千）, million（百万）, billion(十亿) About two thousand people died in the earthquake. 大约有两千人在地震中丧生。 Thousands of people go to the seaside every year. 每年成千上万的人到海滨去。 语法串讲·融会贯通 There are in our school. A. six hundred B. six hundred of (×) C. six hundreds (×) D. six hundreds of (×) E. hundred (×) F. hundreds (×) G. hundreds of (Tips: S, of 总相随，数字S冤家一队. ) 2. 表示整十的基数词用复数形式可以表示人的大约岁数或年代。如： He is in his early twenties. 他才二十出头。 This took place in the 1930s. 这事发生在20世纪30年代。 语法串讲·融会贯通 one two three four five six seven eight nine first second third fourth fifth sixth seventh eighth ninth eleven twelve thirteen fourteen fifteen sixteen seventeen eighteen nineteen eleventh twelfth thirteenth fourteenth fifteenth sixteenth seventeenth eighteenth nineteenth twenty thirty hundred thousand million         twentieth thirtieth hundredth thousandth millionth         语法串讲·融会贯通 三、序数词 ( hundred—hundredth thousand—thousandth million--millionth) 基数词表示几个，后接名词复数，而序数词表示第几个（即一个），后接可数名词的单数。 如：six friends(六个朋友) the sixth friend（第六个朋友） 序数词前通常要用定冠词，但表示考试或比赛等的名次时，通常可省略其前的定冠词。 如：My room is on the second floor and his on the third. 我的房间在三楼，他的房间在四楼。 He was (the) third in the exam. 他考试得了第三名。 注：有时序数词前不用定冠词，而用不定冠词，表示次第在原有基础上的增加。 如：We’ll have to do it a second time. 我们得再做一次。 语法串讲·融会贯通 四、分数、倍数、小数和百分数 1. 分数。分数由基数词和序数词构成：分子用基数词，分母用序数词，当分子超过“1”时，分母用复数。 如： two thirds=2/3 three fifths=3/5 注：1/2 通常读作 a [one] half，一般不读作a second；1/4 可读作 a [one] fourth，也可读作 a [one] quarter。 2. 倍数。英语中表示倍数时通常借助half, double, twice, three times等之类的词。如： They’re twice the size of chickens. 它们比鸡大一倍。 Their house is about three times as big as ours. 他们的房子大约有我们房子三倍大。 3. 百分数。百分数由基数词和百分号(%)组成，百分号(%)读作 percent。如： thirty percent=30% 60 percent=60% 4、小数。 小数点前的数按总数念，同其它基数词读法一样，小数点用point，小数点后面的数按基数词一个一个单独念。如: 9.65读作nine point six five。218.39读作two hundred and eighteen point three nine。 语法串讲·融会贯通 五、表示日期 1949年1949读作nineteen forty-nine 6月23日June 23rd 读作June (the) twenty-third或the twenty-third of June 2006年10月October 2006 读作October, two thousand and six 1600年5月2日May 2nd, 2005 读作the second of May, sixteen hundred 六、表示钟点 半小时用half，一刻钟用a quarter，半小时以内用past，超过半小时用to。 08:00 eight o’clock或eight 09:15 nine fifteen或a quarter past/after nine 02:30 two thirty或half past/after two 05:45 five forty-five或a quarter to six 语法串讲·融会贯通 七、表示约数 1. 用tens/dozens/scores/hundreds/thousands/millions of表示“几十、几百、上千、成千上万”等。如： The boy bought dozens of pencils.那个男孩买了几十支铅笔。 Thousands of people died in the earthquake.数以千计的人死于地震。 2. 用less than, under, below, almost, nearly, up to等来表示小于或接近某数目。 如: nearly two hours将近两个小时。 3. 用more than, beyond, or more, over, above等来表示超过或多于某个数目。 如: more than 100 years一百多年。 4. 用or, or so, about, around, some, more or less等表示在某一数目左右。 如: about 50 pens大约五十支钢笔，a month or so大约一个月。 5. 用to, from…to…, between…and表示介于两数词。如： His salary rose from 100 dollars a month to 120 dollars a month. 他的工资从每月100美元升到了每月120美元。 语法串讲·融会贯通 即时检测（考查数词的用法） 1.Even a child knows September is the month of a year.（nine） 2.We Chinese will celebrate the (ninety) birthday of the Chinese Communist Party (中国共产党)in many ways. 3.The (two)Sunday in May is Mother’s Day. 4.My family live on the （five）floor of the tall building. 5.My uncle lives on the （twelve）floor of the building. 6.I’ve bought a present for my father’s_________(forty)birthday. 7.Climb up to the (thirty-two) floor, and you can enjoy a better view. 8.I always brush my teeth (two) a day. 9.There are fifty students in our class, and two- (three) of them are girls. 10.Tom died in his (sixty） ninth ninetieth second fifth twelfth fortieth thirty-second twice thirds sixties 语法串讲·融会贯通 即时检测（检测数词的基本用法） 1. More than ________ people died in the war between the two countries two years ago. A. two millions B. two million C. million of D. two million of 2. ________ Susan Baur, with her team members, often ________ to nearby rivers and lakes to clean up garbage (垃圾) in them. A. 65-years-old; goes B. 65-year-old; goes C. 65-years-old; go D. 65-year-old; go million前有具体数字时，用单数形式，且不加of。 考查复合数词用法。用连字符连接，且单位词用单数形式 语法串讲·融会贯通 即时检测（检测数词的基本用法） 3. The weight of the moon is only about ________ of that of the earth. A. one eighty B. one of eighty C. one the eightieth D. one eightieth 4. I was told they would stay in China for ________. A. one and a half years B. one and a half year C. one and half years D. one half and one year 考查分数的表达。在分数表达中，基数词作分子，序数词作分母，此句分子是一，序数词用单数形式。 考查时间表达法。one and a half years或one year and a half表示“一年半” 语法串讲·融会贯通 即时检测（检测数词的基本用法） 5. ________, Mr. Smith came to China. He was ________ then, I remember. A. In 1990s, in the thirties B. On the 1990s, in the thirty C. In the 1990s, in his thirties D. On 1990s, in his thirties 8. — ________ is it from here? — It’s about ________ ride away. A. How far; twenty minutes B. How long; twenty minutes’ C. How long; twenty minute’s D. How far; twenty minutes’ 考查数词的用法。第一空表示年代，用In the 1990s表示“在20世纪90年代”；第二空表示年龄，用“in one’s +数词复数”表示“在某人多少岁的时候”。 理解数词在语境中的意义。 第四部分 真题引领·实战训练 综合训练 拓展提升 考场练兵·实战训练 一、单项选择 1.(25-26·八年级第七中学·期中) —Would you like _________ coffee? —Sure, I’d like to drink _________. It’s very cold outside. A．some; anything hot B．some; something hot C．any; anything hot D．any; something hot 2.(25-26·八年级第七中学·期中) My cousin has collected over _______ comic books. But his favourite is still _______ one he has ever got. A．twelfth; the ninth B．twelve; the ninth C．twelfth; nine D．twelve; nine 3.(25-26·八年级执信中学·期中）The great inventor had ________ inventions in his life. And the ________ one is the most important. A．hundred; five B．hundreds of; five C．hundreds of; fifth D．hundred; fifth 4.(25-26·八年级执信中学·期中) —Would you like to tell me ________ important news? —Sorry, I don’t want to tell you ________ news today. A．some; some B．some; any C．any; any D．any; some 5.(25-26·八年级执信中学·期中) —Who helped you clean the room yesterday? —________. I cleaned it all by myself. A．Everybody B．Somebody C．Nobody D．Anybody 6.(25-26·八年级广州第三中学·期中）________, my father began to work in this company. He was ________ at that time. A．In 2000s; in the forties B．In the 2000s; in his forties C．On 2000s; in the forty D．On the 2000s; in his forty 考场练兵·实战训练 7.(25-26·八年级广州第三中学) —How did you like your host family in Sydney? —They were very friendly. They tried to cook ________ for me when I lived there. A．different anything B．different something C．something different D．anything different 8.(25-26·八年级深圳实验中学·期中) He can speak ________ French, but not ________. A．some, much B．any, much C．much, many D．many, any 9.(25·八年级深圳实验中学·期中）There isn’t ________ paper in the box. Will you go and get ________ for me? A．any, some B．any, any C．some, some D．some, any 10.(25·八年级深圳实验中学·期中 ________ people died in the traffic accident yesterday. —It was said that ________ people who died in the accident was more than 50. A．A number of; the number of B．The number of; a number of C．A number of; a number of D．The number of; the number of 考场练兵·实战训练 11.(25·八年级深圳实验中学·期中) I was told they would stay in China for ________. A．one and a half years B．one and a half year C．one and half years D．one half and one year 12.(25·八年级深圳实验中学·期中) The weight of the moon is only about ________ of that of the earth. A．one eighty B．one of eighty C．one the eightieth D．one eightieth 13.(25·八年级实验中学·期中）________, Mr. Smith came to China. He was ________ then, I remember. A．In 1990s, in the thirties B．On the 1990s, in the thirty C．In the 1990s, in his thirties D．On 1990s, in his thirties 考场练兵·实战训练 考场练兵·实战训练 二、语法填空 Children always take an interest in everything. They keep trying to find out how things work. Here_______(be) some of the best kids’ encyclopaedias. They can help children learn more about world. My Encyclopaedia of Very Important Things This encyclopaedia will give children information about a lot of things, (include) the planets, animals and people all over the world. Through this encyclopaedia, children can easily know how animals talk, how so many people live in this world, so on. Mistakes That Worked It is an interesting book. It talks about how some (invent) came into being by accident (偶然地). One of the stories is about how a cook invented the (one) potato wafers. One day, a customer criticized (批评) a cook because his fried potatoes weren’t thin enough. are the including and inventions first 考场练兵·实战训练 The cook was angry, so he decided to cut very thin fried potatoes. To his surprise, the customer thought the taste was much ________ (good) and soon the thin fried potatoes became popular. The encyclopaedia also talks about how Coca-Cola, sandwiches, X-rays and other _______ (use) inventions came into being by accident. Animal Encyclopaedia It’s the best book to help children learn _______animals. It covers information on 2,500 kinds of animals with colourful pictures. It also has maps to show where the animals are found and their homes. If your child loves animals, he or she will enjoy_________ (read) this encyclopaedia. better useful about reading 感谢聆听 THANKS FOR LISTENING 考 情 透 视 知 识 梳 理 语 法 串 讲 真 题 引 领 $