精品解析：广东省广州市执信中学2025-2026学年高二上学期期中考试英语试题

2025-2026执信中学高二级上学期期中考 一、听力部分(略) 二、单项选择(共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分) 1. It is a fact _______ the ancient city, _______ many artifacts were unearthed, was once a thriving centre of trade. A. that; in which B. which; that C. that; which D. which; where 2. _______ surprised us was that Tom finished his homework and even helped his classmates, and his parents wondered _______ he could keep this good behavior. A. What; that B. That; if C. Which; when D. What; whether 3. The little boy still needs the _______ 20 dollars to deal with some things _______. A. remained; remained to be settled B. remaining; remaining to be settled C. remaining; remained to settle D. remained; remaining to settle 4. The reason _______ she encountered failure in the assessment was _______ she didn’t spend time reviewing the knowledge that the teacher had taught. A. why; because B. that; that C. why; that D. which; because 5. Never _______ he anticipate that the girl _______ at the park yesterday would be the one chosen to assist him with his academic English. A. did; encountered B. did; encountering C. had; encountered D. has; encountering 6. No visitor would doubt _______ the news _______ the island has been listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site has drawn global attention. A. that; which B. if; that C. that; that D. whether; which 7. The documentary _______ theme is environmental protection shows the efforts of a scientist hoping to save endangered species, and this is exactly _______ she overcame countless difficulties in the process. A. which; that B. whose; how C. whose; why D. which; how 8. _______ the exam was, he managed to finish all questions with careful checking. A. Difficult as B. A difficult as C. A difficult though D. Difficult that 9 It is the method she relies on _______ proves to be impractical in her new project _______ she has contributed a lot of creative ideas. A. that; with which B. which; for which C. that; to which D. what; from which 10. When scientists _______ a new hypothesis, they must rely on sound _______ to assess whether its potential benefits _______ the known risks, often leading to a(n) _______ conclusion that requires further confirmation. A. suggest; perception; outperform; ambiguous B. pose; reasoning; outnumber; tentative C. assume; perception; outweigh; ambiguous D. investigate; reasoning; outweigh; tentative 三、阅读理解(共两节，满分50分) 第一节 (共15小题，每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) A DISCOVERY TOURS Thinking about exploring the world again? While travel has been little more than a dream over the past few years, we know that many of you are now eager to start your next adventure and as we’ve had so much interest from our readers recently, we’ve decided to start taking bookings again for some of the tours later next year, with flexible deposits and safe touring plans in place. Plus, there’s a great range of brand new tours for 2025, where you can register your interest now and we will contact you as soon as they are available to book. Whether you’re ready to book or just want to carry on dreaming for a little longer, we hope you enjoy browsing some of the new tours we’ve created for 2025. USA Space: The history and future of space exploration 12 days | September 2025 A comprehensive tour visiting key sites in the history and future of space exploration, as well as the technology involved. From the first rockets, to the landmark missions, space stations and developing space tourism industry, including three NASA space centers and Virgin Galatic Spaceport America. ITALY Volcanoes: Mount Etna and the Aeolian Islands 8 days |3 September 2025 Experience the beauty and power of two of the world’s most impressive active volcanoes. Mount Etna and Stromboli. Accompanied by leading volcanologist Professor Tamsin Mather. Explore the Aeolian islands of Lipari, Stromboli and Vulcano while enjoying scenic landscapes and warm Italian friendliness. ICELAND Gateway to the solar system 8 days | November 2025 Visit the sites and scientists testing space missions here on Earth. You will visit remote lava fields, glaciers, and Mars Rover test sites to explore how technology can help us research other worlds, as well as adapt to our own climate challenges. ANTARCTICA The science of the Antarctic: A fly-cruise (游艇) expedition 17 days | 17 November 2025 A unique fly cruise tour exploring the world’s largest sea preservation zone. Follow in the footsteps of the great explorers, while marvelling at great icebergs, ancient glaciers and ice floes onto volcanic beaches. 11. What can be learned about the travel plans introduced in the passage? A. They allow adjustable deposits. B. They will be sold out very soon. C. They are mainly open to readers. D. They have been popular for years. 12. Which of the following statements is true according to the passage? A. The USA trip has the longest duration. B. The Italy trip is intended for landscape painters. C. The Iceland trip is aimed at discovering the cause of climate change. D. The Antarctica trip promises sightings of natural wonders. 13. If you are interested in a tour that involves studying the effects of technology on climate challenges, which trip would best match your interest? A. An exploration of space history and future plans. B. A tour of active volcanoes in Italy. C. A visit to sites in Iceland. D. An expedition to Antarctica. B An internationally praised cultural thing has introduced the attractive tale of Sun Wukong to audiences worldwide. But for Ghaffar Pourazar, a British-American dual citizen living in California, this legendary figure has been a part of his identity for decades. Pourazar’s lifelong passion for Peking Opera began by chance. In 1993, Pourazar attended a performance at London’s Queen Elizabeth Hall and was instantly captured. He went backstage right after the show and made friends with the Chinese performers. With their help, Pourazar was enrolled at an opera school. Just three months later, he left his life in Britain behind and moved to Beijing to train in the martial roles of the art. Starting as an adult was not easy, as Peking Opera is a complex mixture of vocal performance, mime, martial arts, dance and acrobatics. In addition to the physical demands, mastering the Chinese language posed another problem. “I was constantly reciting the subtitles and songs, whether I was eating, bathing, walking, or even dreaming,” Pourazar said. Pourazar believes that great art transcends (超越) languages. Over the years, he has devoted himself to introducing Peking Opera and Sun Wukong to international audiences. He has also been teaching courses and organizing workshops in the United-States, bringing Peking Opera to curious Western learners. To better connect with Western audiences and learners, he adapted some classic plays such as The Monkey King: Uproar in Heaven into English versions and he also adapted Shakespeare’s A Midsummer Night’s Dream into Peking Opera. In recognition of his contributions, Pourazar received the Great Wall Friendship Award from the Beijing government in 2014. “Cultural exchange should be reciprocal (互惠的). I aim to blend my expertise in opera with my multicultural background to create enriching artistic experiences for the audiences,” said Pourazar. 14. What is the author’s intention of writing paragraph 1? A. To prove Ghaffar Pourazar’s achievement. B. To introduce a cultural influence on an individual. C. To explain the cultural significance of Sun Wukong. D. To highlight the fascination of ancient Chinese tales. 15. What do we know about Pourazar’s experience of learning Peking Opera? A. Language was a significant barrier for him. B. The performers he met backstage taught him the art. C. Queen Elizabeth made him interested in Peking Opera. D. His enthusiasm for Peking Opera started at an early age. 16. Why did Pourazar adapt Shakespeare’s A Midsummer Night’s Dream into Peking Opera? A. To show off his talent in adapting different plays. B. To add more complexity to traditional opera forms. C To prove that Peking Opera is superior to other art forms. D. To make Peking Opera more accessible to Western audiences. 17. Which of the following words best describe Pourazar? A. Independent and confident. B. Passionate and dedicated. C. Curious and traditional. D. Brave and humorous. C Anyone who has taken a standardized test knows that writing an essay in 20 minutes or less takes serious brain power. Having access to artificial intelligence (AI) would certainly lighten the mental load. But as a recent study by researchers at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) suggests, that help may come at a cost. Over the course of a series of essay-writing sessions, students working with as well as without an AI chatbot had their brain activity measured. Across the board, the AI users exhibited markedly lower brain activity in areas associated with creative functions and attention. Whether AI will leave people’s brains weak in the long term remains an open question. Researchers behind this study have stressed that further work is needed to establish a definitive causal link between increased AI use and weakened brains. After all, the study had a tiny sample size and focused on a single narrow task. Moreover, generative AI tools clearly seek to lighten people’s mental loads, as many other technologies do. Concerns about this kind of offloading aren’t new. As long ago as the 5th century BC, Socrates was quoted as complaining that writing is not “a potion (神药) for remembering, but for reminding”. Calculators spare cashiers from computing a bill. Navigation apps remove the need for map-reading. And yet few would argue that people are less capable as a result. There is little evidence to suggest that letting machines handle users’ mental tasks alters the brain’s capacity for thinking. But the worry is that generative AI allows one to offload a thought process. And once the brain has developed a taste for offloading, it can be a hard habit to kick. As one user put it, “I rely so much on AI that I don’t think I’d know how to solve certain problems without it.” The technology is so young that, for many tasks, the human brain is still the sharpest tool in the toolkit. But in time both the consumers of AI and its regulators will have to assess whether its wider benefits outweigh any cognitive (认知) costs. If stronger evidence emerges that AI makes people less intelligent, will they care? 18. What did the MIT study find? A AI users showed less mental engagement. B. AI left people’s brains weak. C. AI lightened the mental load in writing. D. AI users associated creativity with attention. 19. According to Socrates, what negative consequence could writing have? A. People would avoid using reminders. B. People would stop thinking independently. C. People would rely less on their own memory. D. People would care less about the spoken word. 20. What point does the user’s remark in paragraph 5 illustrate? A. AI can change users’ mental capacity. B. AI is not widely available to the public. C. AI can encourage users’ mental laziness. D. AI is not capable of solving every problem. 21. What can be a suitable title for the text? A. Will AI Make You Stupid? B. How AI Lets You Offload Tasks C. Why AI Affects Your Thinking Abilities D. Is AI a Mental Shortcut You Can easily Quit? D As most Americans spend at least 50% of their food budget dining out, public criticism falls on restaurants to help consumers make healthier food choices. The Menu Labeling Final Rule has come into effect, requiring restaurants with more than 20 locations to show the calories of food on menus. By representing these values (数值) in a discrepant way — intentionally using physically larger size of numbers on the page for lower-calorie options, and smaller size of numbers for high-calorie foods — businesses can shift customersˈ preferences toward healthier food, according to Ruiying Cai from the Washington State University. In their study, Cai and her colleagues asked participants to choose between a less healthy item and a healthier option after randomly assigning them to two groups. In the first group, calorie counts and font (字体) sizes rose and fell together. In the second group, the size became larger as the calorie count fell. Researchers also asked participants questions to assess their health-consciousness. Results showed participants in the second group, who saw low calorie counts printed in large sizes, were more likely to adopt the healthier option. Moreover, less health-conscious participants were the most affected, while people with more health awareness were less influenced since they already favored healthier food. This research adjusted customer behaviors by creating a Stroop effect. Named after psychologist J. Ridley Stroop, the Stroop effect refers to a delay in reaction to mismatch in its classic form. For example, if the word “purple” is written in green, it takes respondents longer time to identify the color than if the word and the color match. Similarly, the effect is observed when the physical size of the number does not match its number in this study. “Restaurants are interested in encouraging customers to make healthier choices,” Cai said. However, simply labeling the food as healthy may not have the intended effect. “Healthy food items could be profitable for restaurants, but whenever a ‘healthy’ label is attached, people may assume it does not taste good,” she explained. “We’re trying to provide restaurants with indirect suggestions, rather than saying it out loud.” 22. What does the underlined word “discrepant” in paragraph 2 mean? A. Creative. B. Relative. C. Inconsistent. D. Misleading. 23. What kind of customers would be affected most according to the research? A. Strict diet followers. B. Convenience food lovers. C. Home-cooking advocates. D. Health magazine readers. 24. In Cai’s study, the Stroop effect is mainly reflected in __________. A. the tendency to choose healthy food due to calorie B. the effect of customers’ preference for larger-sized food C. the influence of color-word mismatch on people’s judgment D. the delay in reaction when number sizes mismatch their values 25. Which of the following might be Cai’s suggestion for restaurants? A. Remove calorie information from menus. B. Use font magic to drive healthier choices. C. Pay more attention to the taste of the food. D Attach healthy labels to food on the menu. 第二节 (共5小题，每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) An apology can achieve great things for both the givers and the receivers although nobody likes to admit that they were wrong. An apology is crucial to our physical health. When we acknowledge that we are wrongdoers and express our guilt to others, we will free ourselves from the uncomfortable state. This act feels like a weight on us has been lifted. ____26____ Research showed that heart rate, sweat levels and facial tension decreased in victims of wrongs even when they simply imagined receiving an apology. Apologizing affects us not just physically, but also mentally. ____27____ When presented with an apology, the victims may view us as imperfect human beings and find it easier to give forgiveness. In a powerful piece in Psychology Today, writer Beverly Engel described how a simple “I’m sorry” from her mother, after being estranged from each other for three years, made her relieved emotionally. But let’s be real, apologizing can be difficult. ____28____ We should recognize our action did hurt someone even if our intention may not have been so. Instead of making excuses for what we did, try to bear responsibility and offer a promise to take action so that we will not repeat the behavior in future. ____29____ Of course, the most effective apologies often bring a cost to our dignity, since we have to admit that we are wrong in front of others or many people. ____30____ As is known, it is one of the most positive actions we can take when we do something wrong—for ourselves, the others, and the relationship. So, go ahead, apologize a little more often for the things worth apologizing for. A. There are agreed-upon ways to express our apology to others. B. It’s a way of showing the price we paid for the wronged action. C. A good apology affects the health of those on the receiving end, too. D. But this can often be minor compared to the benefits of a proper apology. E. This means we should take the blame and not try to justify it or explain it away. F. Apologize for what you did rather than what other people might have thought about it. G. It has the ability to disarm others of their anger and to prevent further misunderstandings. 四、完形填空(共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分) I’ve never met Mrs. Poddar, the owner of the house where I am living in this foreign country. I finished my ____31____ through a property agent. Mrs. Poddar is a complete ____32____ for me. Yet, a few months later, Mrs. Poddar instructed my agent to ____33____ my rent, and the new rent is only half of the original! Feeling ____34____, I asked my agent about the reason. He told me that Mrs. Poddar ____35____ I was from abroad studying here alone and was still ____36____ the new environment. She did this just to offer me some ____37____. Being away from my family to ____38____ my college degree, I have found the life here ____39____ in the past few months: no friends, no familiar food…. But the _____40_____ Mrs. Poddar showed me opened a new world to me, _____41_____ me not to indulge (沉湎) in negative feelings and to establish new relationships. So I decided to _____42_____ with people in my local area by first lending a hand to others. On one occasion, I shopped for groceries for an old couple, who _____43_____ me to a heavy meal they made. Actually, about half of my spare time is _____44_____ with offering help to people in my neighborhood. We are indeed from different _____45_____, but that doesn’t loosen the ties between us. 31. A. moving B. purchasing C. selling D. renting 32. A. newcomer B. stranger C. friend D. helper 33. A. lower B. cancel C. collect D. raise 34. A. motivated B. confused C. excited D. annoyed 35. A. anticipated B. suspected C. discovered D. argued 36. A. wondering at B. adjusting to C. looking into D. working on 37. A. convenience B. advice C. comfort D. freedom 38. A. pursue B. change C. polish D. support 39. A. boring B. adventurous C. tough D. eventful 40. A. trust B. wisdom C. respect D. kindness 41. A. forcing B. expecting C. encouraging D. commanding 42. A. negotiate B. live C. correspond D. connect 43. A. treated B. entitled C. guided D. welcomed 44. A. ready B. occupied C. stuck D. consistent 45. A. neighborhoods B. families C. generations D. backgrounds 五、语法填空(共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Lost in the city’s concrete jungle urban residents ____46____ (eager) look forward to connecting with nature on weekends. One natural forest frequented by people in Sichuan province is Shunan Bamboo Sea in Yibin. ____47____ (span) 120 square kilometers, this bamboo forest is the ____48____ (large) primeval (原始的) bamboo park in China, maintaining a mild winter climate ____49____ rarely drops below 0℃. During the winter season, when many parts of the country are covered in snow and ice, this green scenery stands out ____50____ a cozy escape. Known as one of the country’s ten most beautiful forests, this site has been a popular tourist attraction since scenes from the Oscar-winning Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon ____51____ (shoot) there in 2001. In 2003, the bamboo forest achieved global ____52____ (recognize) by earning an ecotourism rating and being listed as a world-class bamboo reserve, becoming the fourth tourism destination in China ____53____ (receive) Green Globe 21 certification. The bamboo forest covers Changning and Jiang’an, two counties in Yibin. Amazed at its vast expanse, Huang Tingjian, ____54____ poet from the Song Dynasty (960-1279), described it as “bamboo waves”. Given Huang’s literary influence, this poetic depiction gave rise to the forest’s popular nickname — the Bamboo Sea. Today it offers not just an escape, but a chance to reconnect with nature ____55____ heritage alike. 六、单词拼写(共 12 小题;每小题 1 分，满分 12 分) 请用选择性必修一 Unit 5、选择性必修二 Unit 1 和 Unit 2 所学词汇的适当形式填空。 76-79 题：根据首字母和括号内的英文解释填入单词的正确形式，填入答题卡时需写出完整单词。 56. You can be paid in cash weekly or by cheque monthly; those are the two a_______ (a thing that you can choose to do or have out of two or more possibilities). (根据首字母单词拼写) 57. The ability to impart knowledge and earn respect is the essential q_______ (a skill or type of experience that you need for a particular job or activity) for teachers. (根据首字母单词拼写) 58. He is a confident and g_______ (having a lot of natural ability or intelligence) Australian photographer. (根据首字母单词拼写) 59. You can’t force the child to think carefully, enjoy books, d_______ (to think about something so that you fully understand it) complex information, or develop a taste for learning. (根据首字母单词拼写) 80-83 题：根据括号内的单词填入单词的正确形式。 60. She couldn’t attend the meeting so her _______ (assist) who was familiar with the agenda took her place. (所给词的适当形式填空) 61. Early _______ (intervene) is crucial for students who are struggling with a foreign language. (所给词的适当形式填空) 62. Nowadays it’s acceptable for women to be ________ (ambition). But it wasn’t then. (所给词的适当形式填空) 63. Daniel’s early____________ (expose) to motor racing did not excite his interest.(所给词的适当形式填空) 84-87 题：根据括号内的中文填入单词的正确形式。 64. Ms. Carey appeared to _______ (把……归咎于) her breakdown on the company’s punishing work schedule. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 65. These emails not only highlight Prince Andrew’s _______ (相互矛盾的) statements, but also suggest a disturbing willingness to deflect from the truth. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 66. The senior student gave a speech about her learning journey, _______ (激励) everyone in the audience to pursue their dreams. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 67. It appears that highly emotional events are most likely to be remembered _______ (生动地) yet, at the same time, emotion may undermine memory accuracy. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 七、短语填空(共 26 个空;每空 0.5 分，满分 13 分) 请用人教版选择性必修一 Unit 5、选择性必修二 Unit 1 和 2、VCR、故事阅读以及 U1 背诵段落中短语的适当形式填空。 68. Yuan Longping’s scientific spirit _________ _________ _________ for us. (根据句意填空) 69. Last but not least, despite having achieved great wealth and fame, he _________ _________ _________ agricultural research, making large donations and continuously pursuing new visions like “seawater rice”. (根据句意填空) 70. Some people worried that the rapid development of tourism might _________ _________ _________ (给……带来危害) the local environment. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 71. His colleague_________ _________ (处理) personal business, he had to temporarily take over the client consultation task. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 72. My main reason for _________ __________ (订阅) New Scientist is to keep abreast of advances in science. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 73. By the end of the week she was beginning to __________ __________ __________ (舒服自在) in her new job. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 74. The encouraging feedback from her mentor greatly __________ __________ __________ (提升某人的自信心) before the big presentation last Saturday afternoon. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 75. Tom went home from work as usual, only to find that the residential building was on fire. He rushed into the collapsing building __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ (没有一丝犹豫). Thick smoke burned his eyes as he found his child trapped under a beam. Cradling the little boy in his arms, he managed to __________ __________ (哽咽地说), “You’re safe now,” his voice thick with emotion and relief. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 八、应用文写作(满分 20 分，其中内容与表达占 15 分，书写占 5 分) 76. 假定你是李华，你校外教 Richard 分配给你一个任务：以“科学精神”为主题设计一次课堂活动。请你给他写一封电子邮件介绍你的设计，内容包括： 1. 活动方式； 2. 设计意图； 注意： 1. 写作词数应为 120 左右； 2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； 3. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Richard, __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2025-2026执信中学高二级上学期期中考 一、听力部分(略) 二、单项选择(共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分) 1. It is a fact _______ the ancient city, _______ many artifacts were unearthed, was once a thriving centre of trade. A. that; in which B. which; that C. that; which D. which; where 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查同位语从句和定语从句。句意：许多文物出土的这座古城，曾是一个繁荣的贸易中心，这是不争的事实。第一空引导同位语从句，对fact的内容进行解析，引导词不作成分、只起到连接作用，应用that；第二空处构成介词+关系代词引导的非限制性定语从句，关系词指代前文的the ancient city，为物，应用which，表示“在……里”用in。故选A。 2. _______ surprised us was that Tom finished his homework and even helped his classmates, and his parents wondered _______ he could keep this good behavior. A. What; that B. That; if C. Which; when D. What; whether 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查主语从句和宾语从句。句意：令我们惊讶的是，汤姆完成了他的作业，甚至帮助他的同学，他的父母想知道他是否能保持这种良好的行为。第一空引导名词性从句作主语，主语从句缺少主语，结合“that Tom finished his homework and even helped his classmates”可知，主语指物，应用连接代词What作引导词，第二空引导名词性从句作wondered的宾语，宾语从句的成分完整，结合句意可知，空处需表达“是否”，应用连接词whether或if作引导词。故选D。 3. The little boy still needs the _______ 20 dollars to deal with some things _______. A. remained; remained to be settled B. remaining; remaining to be settled C. remaining; remained to settle D. remained; remaining to settle 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词，非谓语动词和固定短语。句意：这个小男孩还需要剩下的20美元来处理一些未解决的事情。第一空用形容词作定语，修饰20 dollars，remain的形容词是remaining，意为“剩下的”；句中谓语是needs，第二空用非谓语动词，things和remain之间是主谓关系，因此用现在分词表主动，作后置定语，“某物仍然有待被做”是sth. remain to be done，因此第二空是remaining to be settled。故选B。 4. The reason _______ she encountered failure in the assessment was _______ she didn’t spend time reviewing the knowledge that the teacher had taught. A. why; because B. that; that C. why; that D. which; because 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查定语从句和表语从句。句意：她在评估中遭遇失败的原因是她没有花时间复习老师教过的知识。第一空______she encountered failure in the assessme是定语从句，修饰先行词the reason，且从句缺少原因状语，应用why引导定语从句，第二空是表语从句，从句句意完整，且不缺少任何成分，应用无任何意义只起连接作用的that引导，故选C。 5. Never _______ he anticipate that the girl _______ at the park yesterday would be the one chosen to assist him with his academic English. A. did; encountered B. did; encountering C. had; encountered D. has; encountering 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查倒装句和非谓语动词。句意：他从未预料到昨天在公园遇到的女孩会是那个被选中帮助他学术英语的人。第一个空：因为句子以否定副词Never开头，需要使用部分倒装结构（助动词+主语+动词原形）。这里anticipate是动词原形，所以需要助动词did或had。第二空the girl后需要定语修饰，描述“昨天在公园遇到的女孩”。“encounter(遇到)”与“女孩”是被动关系（女孩是被遇到的），因此需要用过去分词，故选A。 6. No visitor would doubt _______ the news _______ the island has been listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site has drawn global attention. A. that; which B. if; that C. that; that D. whether; which 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查宾语从句与同位语从句。句意：任何游客都不会怀疑，该岛被列为联合国教科文组织世界遗产这一消息已引起全球关注。第一空考查宾语从句，从句句意完整且不缺成分，所以应用that引导；第二空后“the island has been listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site” 是对“the news”的解释说明，为同位语从句，从句句意完整且不缺成分，也应用that引导。故选C项。 7. The documentary _______ theme is environmental protection shows the efforts of a scientist hoping to save endangered species, and this is exactly _______ she overcame countless difficulties in the process. A. which; that B. whose; how C. whose; why D. which; how 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查定语从句和表语从句。句意：这部以环境保护为主题的纪录片展示了一位希望拯救濒危物种的科学家的努力，这正是她在这个过程中克服无数困难的方式。第一空处，“____theme is environmental protection”是限制性定语从句，修饰先行词The documentary，关系词将其代入从句中作定语，表示“纪录片的主题”，应用表示所属关系的关系代词whose引导从句；第二空处，“____she overcame countless difficulties in the process”是表语从句，从句中不缺主语和宾语，结合句意，表示“如何克服无数困难”，应用连接副词how引导从句。故选B项。 8. _______ the exam was, he managed to finish all questions with careful checking. A. Difficult as B. A difficult as C. A difficult though D. Difficult that 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查倒装句。句意：尽管考试很困难，但是他通过仔细检查完成了所有题目。as引导让步状语从句，表示“尽管”时，句子需要用倒装，将作表语的形容词或名词提到主语前， 结构为：形容词 + as + 主语 + 动词，相当于 “Although the exam was difficult”。故选A。 9. It is the method she relies on _______ proves to be impractical in her new project _______ she has contributed a lot of creative ideas. A. that; with which B. which; for which C. that; to which D. what; from which 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查强调句结构和定语从句。句意：正是她所依赖的这种方法，在她投入了许多创意想法的新项目中被证明并不实用。第一空与前文构成强调句结构即“It is + 被强调部分 + that/who + 其余部分”，被强调部分是the method she relies on，被强调部分为物，第一空用that；第二空中contribute...to...为固定短语，意为“投入……到……；为……贡献……”，故用“介词to + 关系代词”引导定语从句，引导词在从句中作宾语，指代先行词new project，为物，引导词用which，第二空用to which。故选C。 10. When scientists _______ a new hypothesis, they must rely on sound _______ to assess whether its potential benefits _______ the known risks, often leading to a(n) _______ conclusion that requires further confirmation. A. suggest; perception; outperform; ambiguous B. pose; reasoning; outnumber; tentative C. assume; perception; outweigh; ambiguous D. investigate; reasoning; outweigh; tentative 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查动词、名词和形容词词义辨析。句意：当科学家们研究一项新假设时，他们必须依靠合理的推理来评估其潜在益处是否大于已知风险，这通常会得出一个需要进一步验证的初步结论。第一空，suggest建议；pose提出；assume假设；investigate研究；根据“a new hypothesis”可知，科学家对新假设的核心动作是 “研究验证”，第一空需填investigate；第二空，perception感知，看法；reasoning推理，论证；根据“often leading to a(n) _______ conclusion that requires further confirmation.”可知，合理的推理是科学研究的核心依据，第二空需填reasoning；第三空，outperform表现优于；outnumber数量超过；outweigh比…… 更重要、大于；固定搭配 benefits outweigh risks（利大于弊），符合 “评估利弊” 的核心逻辑，第三空需填outweigh；第四空，ambiguous模棱两可的；tentative初步的，暂定的；根据“that requires further confirmation”可知，需要进一步验证的是初步的结论，第四空需填tentative。故选D。 三、阅读理解(共两节，满分50分) 第一节 (共15小题，每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) A DISCOVERY TOURS Thinking about exploring the world again? While travel has been little more than a dream over the past few years, we know that many of you are now eager to start your next adventure and as we’ve had so much interest from our readers recently, we’ve decided to start taking bookings again for some of the tours later next year, with flexible deposits and safe touring plans in place. Plus, there’s a great range of brand new tours for 2025, where you can register your interest now and we will contact you as soon as they are available to book. Whether you’re ready to book or just want to carry on dreaming for a little longer, we hope you enjoy browsing some of the new tours we’ve created for 2025. USA Space: The history and future of space exploration 12 days | September 2025 A comprehensive tour visiting key sites in the history and future of space exploration, as well as the technology involved. From the first rockets, to the landmark missions, space stations and developing space tourism industry, including three NASA space centers and Virgin Galatic Spaceport America. ITALY Volcanoes: Mount Etna and the Aeolian Islands 8 days |3 September 2025 Experience the beauty and power of two of the world’s most impressive active volcanoes. Mount Etna and Stromboli. Accompanied by leading volcanologist Professor Tamsin Mather. Explore the Aeolian islands of Lipari, Stromboli and Vulcano while enjoying scenic landscapes and warm Italian friendliness. ICELAND Gateway to the solar system 8 days | November 2025 Visit the sites and scientists testing space missions here on Earth. You will visit remote lava fields, glaciers, and Mars Rover test sites to explore how technology can help us research other worlds, as well as adapt to our own climate challenges. ANTARCTICA The science of the Antarctic: A fly-cruise (游艇) expedition 17 days | 17 November 2025 A unique fly cruise tour exploring the world’s largest sea preservation zone. Follow in the footsteps of the great explorers, while marvelling at great icebergs, ancient glaciers and ice floes onto volcanic beaches. 11. What can be learned about the travel plans introduced in the passage? A. They allow adjustable deposits. B. They will be sold out very soon. C. They are mainly open to readers. D. They have been popular for years. 12. Which of the following statements is true according to the passage? A. The USA trip has the longest duration. B. The Italy trip is intended for landscape painters. C. The Iceland trip is aimed at discovering the cause of climate change. D. The Antarctica trip promises sightings of natural wonders. 13. If you are interested in a tour that involves studying the effects of technology on climate challenges, which trip would best match your interest? A. An exploration of space history and future plans. B. A tour of active volcanoes in Italy. C. A visit to sites in Iceland. D. An expedition to Antarctica. 【答案】11. A 12. D 13. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇应用文，文章主要介绍了DISCOVERY TOURS旅行机构针对2025年推出的几个新的旅行项目，包括美国太空探索历史与未来之旅、意大利火山之旅、冰岛通往太阳系之门之旅以及南极科学飞游探险之旅。 【11题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第一段中“we’ve decided to start taking bookings again for some of the tours later next year, with flexible deposits and safe touring plans in place (我们已经决定再次开始接受明年晚些时候一些旅行的预订，有灵活的定金和安全的旅行计划)”可知，这些旅行计划允许调整定金。故选A项。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据ANTARCTICA部分中“Follow in the footsteps of the great explorers, while marvelling at great icebergs, ancient glaciers and ice floes onto volcanic beaches (跟随伟大探险家的脚步，同时惊叹于巨大的冰山、古老的冰川和漂浮到火山海滩上的浮冰)”可知，南极之旅有望看到自然奇观。故选D项。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据ICELAND部分中“Visit the sites and scientists testing space missions here on Earth. You will visit remote lava fields, glaciers, and Mars Rover test sites to explore how technology can help us research other worlds, as well as adapt to our own climate challenges (参观地球上测试太空任务的地点和科学家。你将参观偏远的熔岩场、冰川和火星车测试地点，探索技术如何帮助我们研究其他世界，以及如何适应我们自己的气候挑战)”可知，如果你对研究技术对气候挑战的影响的旅行感兴趣，冰岛之旅最符合你的兴趣。故选C项。 B An internationally praised cultural thing has introduced the attractive tale of Sun Wukong to audiences worldwide. But for Ghaffar Pourazar, a British-American dual citizen living in California, this legendary figure has been a part of his identity for decades. Pourazar’s lifelong passion for Peking Opera began by chance. In 1993, Pourazar attended a performance at London’s Queen Elizabeth Hall and was instantly captured. He went backstage right after the show and made friends with the Chinese performers. With their help, Pourazar was enrolled at an opera school. Just three months later, he left his life in Britain behind and moved to Beijing to train in the martial roles of the art. Starting as an adult was not easy, as Peking Opera is a complex mixture of vocal performance, mime, martial arts, dance and acrobatics. In addition to the physical demands, mastering the Chinese language posed another problem. “I was constantly reciting the subtitles and songs, whether I was eating, bathing, walking, or even dreaming,” Pourazar said. Pourazar believes that great art transcends (超越) languages. Over the years, he has devoted himself to introducing Peking Opera and Sun Wukong to international audiences. He has also been teaching courses and organizing workshops in the United-States, bringing Peking Opera to curious Western learners. To better connect with Western audiences and learners, he adapted some classic plays such as The Monkey King: Uproar in Heaven into English versions and he also adapted Shakespeare’s A Midsummer Night’s Dream into Peking Opera. In recognition of his contributions, Pourazar received the Great Wall Friendship Award from the Beijing government in 2014. “Cultural exchange should be reciprocal (互惠的). I aim to blend my expertise in opera with my multicultural background to create enriching artistic experiences for the audiences,” said Pourazar. 14. What is the author’s intention of writing paragraph 1? A. To prove Ghaffar Pourazar’s achievement. B. To introduce a cultural influence on an individual. C. To explain the cultural significance of Sun Wukong. D. To highlight the fascination of ancient Chinese tales. 15. What do we know about Pourazar’s experience of learning Peking Opera? A. Language was a significant barrier for him. B. The performers he met backstage taught him the art. C. Queen Elizabeth made him interested in Peking Opera. D. His enthusiasm for Peking Opera started at an early age. 16. Why did Pourazar adapt Shakespeare’s A Midsummer Night’s Dream into Peking Opera? A. To show off his talent in adapting different plays. B. To add more complexity to traditional opera forms. C. To prove that Peking Opera is superior to other art forms. D. To make Peking Opera more accessible to Western audiences. 17. Which of the following words best describe Pourazar? A. Independent and confident. B. Passionate and dedicated. C. Curious and traditional. D. Brave and humorous. 【答案】14. B 15. A 16. D 17. B 【解析】 【导语】文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了英裔美国双重国籍Ghaffar Pourazar对京剧的热爱及其在推广京剧文化方面所做的贡献。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第一段中“But for Ghaffar Pourazar, a British-American dual citizen living in California, this legendary figure has been a part of his identity for decades.(但对于居住在加利福尼亚的英裔美国双重国籍者Ghaffar Pourazar来说，这个传奇人物（指孙悟空）数十年来已成为他身份认同的一部分。)”可知，对于Ghaffar Pourazar来说，孙悟空数十年来已成为他身份认同的一部分，由此可推知，本段旨在介绍文化对个人的影响。故选B。 【15题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第三段中“In addition to the physical demands, mastering the Chinese language posed another problem.  I was constantly reciting the subtitles and songs, whether I was eating, bathing, walking, or even dreaming,” Pourazar said.(除了对身体的要求外，掌握中文也构成了另一个难题。“我无时无刻不在背诵台词和唱段，吃饭、洗澡、走路，甚至做梦时都在背，”Pourazar说道。)”可知，语言是他学习京剧的重要障碍。故选A。 【16题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第四段“To better connect with Western audiences and learners…he adapted Shakespeare’s A Midsummer Night’s Dream into Peking Opera(为了更好地与西方观众和学习者建立联系，他将《大闹天宫》等经典剧目改编为英文版本，并将莎士比亚的《仲夏夜之梦》改编成京剧。)”可推知，Pourazar将莎士比亚的《仲夏夜之梦》改编成京剧的目的是让京剧更易于被西方观众接受。故选D。 【17题详解】 推理判断题。全文通过描述Pourazar放弃原有生活赴京学艺（第二段）、克服语言障碍（第三段）、致力于文化推广（第四段）等事例，突出其“热情与奉献”的特质，尤其是根据第二段“lifelong passion”和第四段“devoted himself to introducing Peking Opera”等关键表述，故选B。 C Anyone who has taken a standardized test knows that writing an essay in 20 minutes or less takes serious brain power. Having access to artificial intelligence (AI) would certainly lighten the mental load. But as a recent study by researchers at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) suggests, that help may come at a cost. Over the course of a series of essay-writing sessions, students working with as well as without an AI chatbot had their brain activity measured. Across the board, the AI users exhibited markedly lower brain activity in areas associated with creative functions and attention. Whether AI will leave people’s brains weak in the long term remains an open question. Researchers behind this study have stressed that further work is needed to establish a definitive causal link between increased AI use and weakened brains. After all, the study had a tiny sample size and focused on a single narrow task. Moreover, generative AI tools clearly seek to lighten people’s mental loads, as many other technologies do. Concerns about this kind of offloading aren’t new. As long ago as the 5th century BC, Socrates was quoted as complaining that writing is not “a potion (神药) for remembering, but for reminding”. Calculators spare cashiers from computing a bill. Navigation apps remove the need for map-reading. And yet few would argue that people are less capable as a result. There is little evidence to suggest that letting machines handle users’ mental tasks alters the brain’s capacity for thinking. But the worry is that generative AI allows one to offload a thought process. And once the brain has developed a taste for offloading, it can be a hard habit to kick. As one user put it, “I rely so much on AI that I don’t think I’d know how to solve certain problems without it.” The technology is so young that, for many tasks, the human brain is still the sharpest tool in the toolkit. But in time both the consumers of AI and its regulators will have to assess whether its wider benefits outweigh any cognitive (认知) costs. If stronger evidence emerges that AI makes people less intelligent, will they care? 18. What did the MIT study find? A. AI users showed less mental engagement. B. AI left people’s brains weak. C. AI lightened the mental load in writing. D. AI users associated creativity with attention. 19. According to Socrates, what negative consequence could writing have? A. People would avoid using reminders. B. People would stop thinking independently. C. People would rely less on their own memory. D. People would care less about the spoken word. 20. What point does the user’s remark in paragraph 5 illustrate? A. AI can change users’ mental capacity. B. AI is not widely available to the public. C. AI can encourage users’ mental laziness. D. AI is not capable of solving every problem. 21. What can be a suitable title for the text? A. Will AI Make You Stupid? B. How AI Lets You Offload Tasks C. Why AI Affects Your Thinking Abilities D. Is AI a Mental Shortcut You Can easily Quit? 【答案】18. A 19. C 20. C 21. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇议论文。MIT研究表明，使用AI写作文的学生在创造力和注意力相关脑区活动显著降低，但长期影响未知。虽无证据显示AI 改变大脑思考能力，但需权衡其利弊。 【18题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中的 “Across the board, the AI users exhibited markedly lower brain activity in areas associated with creative functions and attention.(总体而言，使用人工智能的学生在与创造性功能和注意力相关的大脑区域表现出明显更低的活动水平)” 可知，MIT的研究发现AI使用者的脑力参与度更低。故选A项。 【19题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段中“As long ago as the 5th century BC, Socrates was quoted as complaining that writing is not “a potion (神药) for remembering, but for reminding”. Calculators spare cashiers from computing a bill. Navigation apps remove the need for map-reading. And yet few would argue that people are less capable as a result. (早在公元前5世纪，苏格拉底就曾抱怨说，写作不是“记忆的药水，而是提醒的药水”。计算器使收银员不必计算账单。导航应用免去了看地图的需要。然而，很少有人会认为人们的能力因此而下降)”可知，根据苏格拉底的说法，写作的消极结果是人们更少依赖自己的记忆。故选C。 【20题详解】 推理判断题。根据第五段中“But the worry is that generative AI allows one to offload a thought process. And once the brain has developed a taste for offloading, it can be a hard habit to kick. As one user put it, “I rely so much on AI that I don’t think I’d know how to solve certain problems without it.” (但令人担忧的是，生成式人工智能允许人们卸载思维过程。而且，一旦大脑养成了“卸载”的习惯，就很难改掉了。正如一位用户所说，“我太依赖人工智能了，如果没有它，我不知道如何解决某些问题。”)”可知，该用户的话表明AI可能会助长用户的思维惰性。故选C。 21题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，并结合第三段“Whether AI will leave people’s brains weak in the long term remains an open question. Researchers behind this study have stressed that further work is needed to establish a definitive causal link between elevated AI use and weakened brains. After all, the study had a tiny sample size and focused on a single narrow task. (从长远来看，人工智能是否会让人类的大脑变弱，这仍然是一个悬而未决的问题。这项研究背后的研究人员强调，需要进一步的工作来确定人工智能使用量增加与大脑功能减弱之间的明确因果关系。毕竟，这项研究的样本量很小，而且只关注一个单一的任务)”和最后一段“The technology is so young that, for many tasks, the human brain is still the sharpest tool in the toolkit. But in time both the consumers of AI and its regulators will have to assess whether its wider benefits outweigh any cognitive (认知) costs. If stronger evidence emerges that AI makes people less intelligent, will they care? (这项技术是如此年轻，以至于在许多任务中，人类的大脑仍然是工具包中最锋利的工具。但随着时间的推移，人工智能的消费者和监管机构都将不得不评估其更广泛的好处是否超过任何认知成本。如果有更有力的证据表明人工智能会让人变得更不聪明，他们会在意吗?)”可知，文章主要介绍MIT 研究表明，使用AI写作文的学生在创造力和注意力相关脑区活动显著降低，虽无证据显示AI 改变大脑思考能力，但需权衡其利弊。因此A项“AI会使你变笨吗?”可以作为本文的最佳标题。故选A。 D As most Americans spend at least 50% of their food budget dining out, public criticism falls on restaurants to help consumers make healthier food choices. The Menu Labeling Final Rule has come into effect, requiring restaurants with more than 20 locations to show the calories of food on menus. By representing these values (数值) in a discrepant way — intentionally using physically larger size of numbers on the page for lower-calorie options, and smaller size of numbers for high-calorie foods — businesses can shift customersˈ preferences toward healthier food, according to Ruiying Cai from the Washington State University. In their study, Cai and her colleagues asked participants to choose between a less healthy item and a healthier option after randomly assigning them to two groups. In the first group, calorie counts and font (字体) sizes rose and fell together. In the second group, the size became larger as the calorie count fell. Researchers also asked participants questions to assess their health-consciousness. Results showed participants in the second group, who saw low calorie counts printed in large sizes, were more likely to adopt the healthier option. Moreover, less health-conscious participants were the most affected, while people with more health awareness were less influenced since they already favored healthier food. This research adjusted customer behaviors by creating a Stroop effect. Named after psychologist J. Ridley Stroop, the Stroop effect refers to a delay in reaction to mismatch in its classic form. For example, if the word “purple” is written in green, it takes respondents longer time to identify the color than if the word and the color match. Similarly, the effect is observed when the physical size of the number does not match its number in this study. “Restaurants are interested in encouraging customers to make healthier choices,” Cai said. However, simply labeling the food as healthy may not have the intended effect. “Healthy food items could be profitable for restaurants, but whenever a ‘healthy’ label is attached, people may assume it does not taste good,” she explained. “We’re trying to provide restaurants with indirect suggestions, rather than saying it out loud.” 22. What does the underlined word “discrepant” in paragraph 2 mean? A. Creative. B. Relative. C. Inconsistent. D. Misleading. 23. What kind of customers would be affected most according to the research? A. Strict diet followers. B. Convenience food lovers. C. Home-cooking advocates. D. Health magazine readers. 24. In Cai’s study, the Stroop effect is mainly reflected in __________. A. the tendency to choose healthy food due to calorie B. the effect of customers’ preference for larger-sized food C. the influence of color-word mismatch on people’s judgment D. the delay in reaction when number sizes mismatch their values 25. Which of the following might be Cai’s suggestion for restaurants? A. Remove calorie information from menus. B. Use font magic to drive healthier choices. C. Pay more attention to the taste of the food. D. Attach healthy labels to food on the menu. 【答案】22. C 23. B 24. D 25. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了华盛顿州立大学的蔡瑞英及其同事进行的一项研究，该研究通过改变菜单上卡路里数值的字体大小来影响顾客对食物的选择，从而鼓励顾客做出更健康的选择。 【22题详解】 词句猜测题。根据划线词后文“intentionally using physically larger size of numbers on the page for lower-calorie options, and smaller size of numbers for high-calorie foods (故意在页面上为低热量选项使用更大的数字，而为高热量食品使用更小的数字)”可知，这种数值表示方式是不一致的，即故意在页面上使用更大的数字来表示低热量的食物选项，而使用更小的数字来表示高热量的食物。因此，划线词“discrepant”意为“不一致的”。故选C项。 【23题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段最后一句“Moreover, less health-conscious participants were the most affected, while people with more health awareness were less influenced since they already favored healthier food. (此外，健康意识较弱的参与者受到的影响最大，而健康意识较强的参与者受到的影响较小，因为他们已经倾向于选择更健康的食物。)”可知，健康意识较弱的参与者最容易受到影响，由此可推知，喜欢方便食品的人健康意识相对较弱，所以最容易受到影响。故选B项。 【24题详解】 细节理解题。根据第五段中“Named after psychologist J. Ridley Stroop, the Stroop effect refers to a delay in reaction to mismatch in its classic form. For example, if the word “purple” is written in green, it takes respondents longer time to identify the color than if the word and the color match. Similarly, the effect is observed when the physical size of the number does not match its number in this study. (以心理学家J. Ridley Stroop的名字命名，Stroop效应指的是在其经典形式中对不匹配的反应延迟。例如，如果单词“purple”是用绿色书写的，那么受访者识别颜色的时间就会比单词和颜色匹配的时间长。同样，在这项研究中，当数字的实际大小与其数值不匹配时，也会观察到这种效应。)”可知，在蔡的研究中，Stroop效应主要体现在当数字的大小与其数值不匹配时，人们的反应会出现延迟。故选D项。 【25题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中““Healthy food items could be profitable for restaurants, but whenever a ‘healthy’ label is attached, people may assume it does not taste good,” she explained. “We’re trying to provide restaurants with indirect suggestions, rather than saying it out loud.” (她解释说：“健康食品对餐馆来说可能是有利可图的，但只要贴上‘健康’的标签，人们就会认为它不好吃。”“我们试图为餐馆提供间接的建议，而不是大声说出来。”)”可知，蔡瑞英认为简单地将食物标记为健康可能不会产生预期的效果，因为人们可能会认为健康的食物不好吃。她试图为餐馆提供间接的建议，而不是直接说出来。由此可推知，蔡瑞英可能会建议餐馆使用字体魔法来推动更健康的选择，即通过改变菜单上卡路里数值的字体大小来影响顾客对食物的选择。故选B项。 第二节 (共5小题，每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) An apology can achieve great things for both the givers and the receivers although nobody likes to admit that they were wrong. An apology is crucial to our physical health. When we acknowledge that we are wrongdoers and express our guilt to others, we will free ourselves from the uncomfortable state. This act feels like a weight on us has been lifted. ____26____ Research showed that heart rate, sweat levels and facial tension decreased in victims of wrongs even when they simply imagined receiving an apology. Apologizing affects us not just physically, but also mentally. ____27____ When presented with an apology, the victims may view us as imperfect human beings and find it easier to give forgiveness. In a powerful piece in Psychology Today, writer Beverly Engel described how a simple “I’m sorry” from her mother, after being estranged from each other for three years, made her relieved emotionally. But let’s be real, apologizing can be difficult. ____28____ We should recognize our action did hurt someone even if our intention may not have been so. Instead of making excuses for what we did try to bear responsibility and offer a promise to take action so that we will not repeat the behavior in future. ____29____ Of course, the most effective apologies often bring a cost to our dignity, since we have to admit that we are wrong in front of others or many people. ____30____ As is known, it is one of the most positive actions we can take when we do something wrong—for ourselves, the others, and the relationship. So, go ahead, apologize a little more often for the things worth apologizing for. A. There are agreed-upon ways to express our apology to others. B. It’s a way of showing the price we paid for the wronged action. C. A good apology affects the health of those on the receiving end, too. D. But this can often be minor compared to the benefits of a proper apology. E. This means we should take the blame and not try to justify it or explain it away. F. Apologize for what you did rather than what other people might have thought about it. G. It has the ability to disarm others of their anger and to prevent further misunderstandings. 【答案】26. C 27. G 28. A 29. E 30. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了道歉对我们的好处。 【26题详解】 根据上文“When we acknowledge that we are wrongdoers and express our guilt to others, we will free ourselves from the uncomfortable state. This act feels like a weight on us has been lifted.(当我们承认自己是做错事的人，并向别人表达我们的内疚时，我们就会从不舒服的状态中解脱出来。这一举动让我们感觉卸下了负担)”和下文“Research showed that heart rate, sweat levels and facial tension decreased in victims of wrongs even when they simply imagined receiving an apology.(研究表明，即使只是想象得到道歉，被伤害者的心率、排汗量和面部紧张程度也会降低)”可知，道歉不仅让做错事的一方感觉卸下负担，也对收到道歉的人有好处。故C项“A good apology affects the health of those on the receiving end, too.(一个好的道歉也会影响收到道歉的人的健康)”符合题意。故选C。 【27题详解】 根据主旨句“Apologizing affects us not just physically, but also mentally.(道歉不仅会影响我们的身体，还会影响我们的精神)”推知，空处应陈述道歉在精神方面给人们带来的好处。G项“It has the ability to disarm others of their anger and to prevent further misunderstandings.(它有能力消除别人的愤怒，防止进一步的误解)”符合题意，anger属于精神范畴。故选G。 【28题详解】 空处为本段主旨句。根据下文“We should recognize our action did hurt someone even if our intention may not have been so. Instead of making excuses for what we did, try to bear responsibility and offer a promise to take action so that we will not repeat the behavior in future. (我们应该认识到我们的行为确实伤害了某人，即使我们的意图可能并非如此。与其为我们所做的事找借口，不如试着承担责任，承诺采取行动，这样我们以后就不会再犯同样的行为了)”可知，认识到自己确实伤害某人，与其找借口不如主动承担责任，承诺以后绝不再犯。结合常识可知，上述道歉的方法是大家公认的方法。故A项“There are agreed-upon ways to express our apology to others.(我们向他人表达歉意的方式已经达成一致)”符合题意，下文具体陈述这些一致的方法是什么。故选A。 【29题详解】 空处位于段末，应承接上文。根据上文“Instead of making excuses for what we did, try to bear responsibility and offer a promise to take action so that we will not repeat the behavior in future.(与其为我们所做的事找借口，不如试着承担责任，承诺采取行动，这样我们以后就不会再犯同样的行为了)”可知，这样做意味着我们应该承担责任，不再辩解。E项“This means we should take the blame and not try to justify it or explain it away.(这意味着我们应该承担责任，而不是试图为其辩护或解释)”符合题意，是对上文的进一步解释。故选E。 【30题详解】 根据上文“Of course, the most effective apologies often bring a cost to our dignity, since we have to admit that we are wrong in front of others or many people.(当然，最有效的道歉往往会给我们的尊严带来代价，因为我们不得不在别人或很多人面前承认自己错了)”可知，最有效的道歉方式往往有失尊严。根据下文“As is known, it is one of the most positive actions we can take when we do something wrong—for ourselves, the others, and the relationship. So, go ahead, apologize a little more often for the things worth apologizing for.(众所周知，当我们为自己、他人和关系做错事时，这是我们可以采取的最积极的行动之一)”可知，做错了事，就应该道歉，这是可以采取的最积极的行动之一。由此可知，和道歉带来的好处相比，尊严受到一点伤害是可以接受的。D项“But this can often be minor compared to the benefits of a proper apology.(但与一个恰当的道歉所带来的好处相比，这往往是微不足道的)”符合题意。故选D。 四、完形填空(共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分) I’ve never met Mrs. Poddar, the owner of the house where I am living in this foreign country. I finished my ____31____ through a property agent. Mrs. Poddar is a complete ____32____ for me. Yet, a few months later, Mrs. Poddar instructed my agent to ____33____ my rent, and the new rent is only half of the original! Feeling ____34____, I asked my agent about the reason. He told me that Mrs. Poddar ____35____ I was from abroad studying here alone and was still ____36____ the new environment. She did this just to offer me some ____37____. Being away from my family to ____38____ my college degree, I have found the life here ____39____ in the past few months: no friends, no familiar food…. But the _____40_____ Mrs. Poddar showed me opened a new world to me, _____41_____ me not to indulge (沉湎) in negative feelings and to establish new relationships. So I decided to _____42_____ with people in my local area by first lending a hand to others. On one occasion, I shopped for groceries for an old couple, who _____43_____ me to a heavy meal they made. Actually, about half of my spare time is _____44_____ with offering help to people in my neighborhood. We are indeed from different _____45_____ but that doesn’t loosen the ties between us. 31. A. moving B. purchasing C. selling D. renting 32. A. newcomer B. stranger C. friend D. helper 33. A. lower B. cancel C. collect D. raise 34. A. motivated B. confused C. excited D. annoyed 35. A. anticipated B. suspected C. discovered D. argued 36. A. wondering at B. adjusting to C. looking into D. working on 37. A. convenience B. advice C. comfort D. freedom 38. A. pursue B. change C. polish D. support 39. A. boring B. adventurous C. tough D. eventful 40. A. trust B. wisdom C. respect D. kindness 41. A. forcing B. expecting C. encouraging D. commanding 42. A. negotiate B. live C. correspond D. connect 43. A. treated B. entitled C. guided D. welcomed 44. A. ready B. occupied C. stuck D. consistent 45. A. neighborhoods B. families C. generations D. backgrounds 【答案】31. D 32. B 33. A 34. B 35. C 36. B 37. C 38. A 39. C 40. D 41. C 42. D 43. A 44. B 45. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在国外租房时，房东Poddar夫人虽然与作者素未谋面，却主动降低房租，给予作者温暖，促使作者积极与他人建立联系，帮助邻里，感悟到尽管人们来自不同的背景，但彼此之间的联系并不会因此减弱。 【31题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我是通过房产中介完成租房的。A. moving移动；B. purchasing购买；C. selling售卖；D. renting租赁。根据前文“I’ve never met Mrs. Poddar, the owner of the house where I am living in this foreign country.”和后文“through a property agent.”可知，作者从未见过房东，所以是通过房产中介完成租赁程序。故选D项。 【32题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：Poddar夫人对我来说完全是个陌生人。A. newcomer新来的人；B. stranger陌生人；C. friend朋友；D. helper帮手。根据前文“I’ve never met Mrs. Poddar”可知，作者从未见过Poddar夫人，所以她对作者来说是个陌生人。故选B项。 【33题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，几个月后，Poddar夫人让我的中介降低我的房租，新房租只是原来的一半！A. lower降低；B. cancel取消；C. collect收集；D. raise提高。根据后文“the new rent is only half of the original”可知，新房租只是原来的一半，即房东让中介降低了房租。故选A项。 【34题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我感到困惑，于是问我的中介原因。A. motivated有动力的；B. confused困惑的；C. excited兴奋的；D. annoyed恼怒的。根据后文“I asked my agent about the reason”可知，作者不知道房东为何降低房租，所以感到困惑。故选B项。 【35题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他告诉我，Poddar夫人发现我是从国外来这里独自学习的，还在适应新环境。A. anticipated预料；B. suspected怀疑；C. discovered发现；D. argued争论。根据后文“I was from abroad studying here alone”可知，房东发现了作者是从国外来这里独自学习的。故选C项。 【36题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：他告诉我，Poddar夫人发现我是从国外来这里独自学习的，还在适应新环境。A. wondering at对……感到惊奇；B. adjusting to适应；C. looking into调查；D. working on致力于。根据前文“I was from abroad studying here alone”和后文“the new environment”可知，作者从国外独自来这里求学，还在适应新环境。故选B项。 【37题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：她这样做只是为了给我一些安慰。A. convenience便利；B. advice建议；C. comfort安慰；D. freedom自由。根据前文可知，Poddar夫人发现作者是从国外来这里独自求学，还在适应新环境，由此推知，房东降低房租是为了给作者一些安慰。故选C项。 【38题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：离开家人去追求我的大学学位，我发现过去几个月这里的生活很艰难：没有朋友，没有熟悉的食物……A. pursue追求；B. change改变；C. polish打磨；D. support支持。根据后文“my college degree”可知，作者离开家人是为了追求大学学位。故选A项。 【39题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：离开家人去追求我的大学学位，我发现过去几个月这里的生活很艰难：没有朋友，没有熟悉的食物……A. boring无聊的；B. adventurous冒险的；C. tough艰难的；D. eventful多事的。根据后文“no friends, no familiar food”可知，作者在这里没有朋友，没有熟悉的食物，所以生活很艰难。故选C项。 【40题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：但Poddar夫人对我表现出的善意为我打开了一个新世界，鼓励我不要沉湎于负面情绪，建立新的关系。A. trust信任；B. wisdom智慧；C. respect尊重；D. kindness善意。根据前文“Yet, a few months later, Mrs. Poddar instructed my agent to 3 my rent, and the new rent is only half of the original!”可知，房东主动给作者降了房租，这是对作者表现出的善意。故选D项。 【41题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：但Poddar夫人对我表现出的善意为我打开了一个新世界，鼓励我不要沉湎于负面情绪，建立新的关系。A. forcing强迫；B. expecting期待；C. encouraging鼓励；D. commanding命令。根据后文“me not to indulge (沉湎) in negative feelings and to establish new relationships”可知，房东的善意鼓励作者不要沉湎于负面情绪，建立新的关系。故选C项。 【42题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：所以我决定先帮助别人，与当地人建立联系。A. negotiate谈判；B. live生活；C. correspond符合；D. connect联系。根据后文“with people in my local area by first lending a hand to others”可知，作者决定先帮助别人，与当地人建立联系。故选D项。 【43题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：有一次，我给一对老夫妇买杂货，他们请我吃了一顿丰盛的饭。A. treated请客，招待；B. entitled使有权；C. guided指导；D. welcomed欢迎。根据后文“me to a heavy meal they made”可知，老夫妇请作者吃了一顿丰盛的饭。故选A项。 【44题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：实际上，我大约一半的空闲时间都忙于帮助邻居上。A. ready准备好的；B. occupied忙于……的，从事……；C. stuck卡住的；D. consistent一致的。根据前文“half of my spare time”和后文“with offering help to people in my neighborhood”可知，作者大约一半的空闲时间都花在帮助邻居上，即忙于帮助邻居上。故选B项。 【45题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们确实来自不同的背景，但这并不会弱化我们之间的联系。A. neighborhoods街区；B. families家庭；C. generations一代人；D. backgrounds背景。根据前文“I was from abroad studying here alone”和“So I decided to 12 with people in my local area by first lending a hand to others.”可知，在国外租房求学的作者和当地的邻居们来自不同的背景。故选D项。 五、语法填空(共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Lost in the city’s concrete jungle, urban residents ____46____ (eager) look forward to connecting with nature on weekends. One natural forest frequented by people in Sichuan province is Shunan Bamboo Sea in Yibin. ____47____ (span) 120 square kilometers, this bamboo forest is the ____48____ (large) primeval (原始的) bamboo park in China, maintaining a mild winter climate ____49____ rarely drops below 0℃. During the winter season, when many parts of the country are covered in snow and ice, this green scenery stands out ____50____ a cozy escape. Known as one of the country’s ten most beautiful forests, this site has been a popular tourist attraction since scenes from the Oscar-winning Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon ____51____ (shoot) there in 2001. In 2003, the bamboo forest achieved global ____52____ (recognize) by earning an ecotourism rating and being listed as a world-class bamboo reserve, becoming the fourth tourism destination in China ____53____ (receive) Green Globe 21 certification. The bamboo forest covers Changning and Jiang’an, two counties in Yibin. Amazed at its vast expanse, Huang Tingjian, ____54____ poet from the Song Dynasty (960-1279), described it as “bamboo waves”. Given Huang’s literary influence, this poetic depiction gave rise to the forest’s popular nickname — the Bamboo Sea. Today it offers not just an escape, but a chance to reconnect with nature ____55____ heritage alike. 【答案】46. eagerly 47. Spanning 48. largest 49. that##which 50. as 51. were shot 52. recognition 53. to receive 54. a 55. and 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了四川省宜宾市的蜀南竹海，包括其自然景观、气候特点、旅游地位以及历史文化背景。 【46题详解】 考查副词。句意：迷失在城市的水泥森林中，都市居民热切地期待在周末与大自然接触。空格处需修饰动词短语“look forward to”，应用副词形式。eager的副词形式为eagerly，表示“热切地”，故填eagerly。 【47题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：这片竹林占地120平方公里，是中国最大原始竹公园，这里保持着温和的冬季气候，很少低于0℃。此处是非谓语动词作状语，span(横跨)和主语this bamboo forest为主动关系，应用现在分词作状语，表示伴随状态，句首单词首字母大写，故填Spanning。 【48题详解】 考查最高级。句意：这片竹林占地120平方公里，是中国最大的原始竹公园，这里保持着温和的冬季气候，很少低于0℃。根据上下文及定冠词“the”可知，此处需用large的最高级largest，表示“最大的”，故填largest。 【49题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：这片竹林占地120平方公里，是中国最大的原始竹公园，这里保持着温和的冬季气候，很少低于0℃。空格后为限定性定语从句，修饰先行词climate，且从句缺少主语，需用that/which引导，故填that/which。 【50题详解】 考查固定搭配。句意：在冬季，当全国许多地方被冰雪覆盖时，这片绿色景观作为一个舒适的避风港脱颖而出。stand out as为固定搭配，意为“作为……脱颖而出”，故填as。 【51题详解】 考查时态和语态。句意：作为中国十大最美森林之一，自2001年奥斯卡获奖电影《卧虎藏龙》的场景在此拍摄后，该地便成为热门旅游景点。主语“scenes”与动词shoot之间为被动关系，且动作发生在过去（2001年），需用一般过去时的被动语态，故填were shot。 【52题详解】 考查名词。句意：2003年，这片竹林通过获得生态旅游评级并被列为世界级竹保护区，获得了全球认可，成为中国第四个获得“绿色环球21”认证的旅游目的地。空格前为形容词global，需填名词形式。recognize的名词为recognition，故填recognition。 【53题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：2003年，这片竹林通过获得生态旅游评级并被列为世界级竹保护区，获得了全球认可，成为中国第四个获得“绿色环球21”认证的旅游目的地。空格前为名词destination，后接不定式to receive作后置定语，表示“获得认证的目的地”，故填to receive。 【54题详解】 考查冠词。句意：宋代诗人黄庭坚惊叹于其辽阔，称其为“竹波”。poet为可数名词单数，且首次提及，需用不定冠词来修饰，且发音是以辅音音素开头，故填a。 【55题详解】 考查连词。句意：如今它不仅提供逃离城市的机会，还提供重新连接自然与遗产的机会。空格连接“nature”与“heritage”两个并列成分，需用and，故填and。 六、单词拼写(共 12 小题;每小题 1 分，满分 12 分) 请用选择性必修一 Unit 5、选择性必修二 Unit 1 和 Unit 2 所学词汇的适当形式填空。 76-79 题：根据首字母和括号内的英文解释填入单词的正确形式，填入答题卡时需写出完整单词。 56. You can be paid in cash weekly or by cheque monthly; those are the two a_______ (a thing that you can choose to do or have out of two or more possibilities). (根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】alternatives##lternatives 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：你可以按周拿现金，也可以按月拿支票；这是两种选择。结合首字母提示可知，“a thing that you can choose to do or have out of two or more possibilities (你可以从两种或两种以上的可能性中选择做或拥有的事情)”应用名词alternative，意为“可供选择的事物”，作表语，two后alternative应用复数形式。故填alternatives。 57. The ability to impart knowledge and earn respect is the essential q_______ (a skill or type of experience that you need for a particular job or activity) for teachers. (根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】qualification##ualification 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：传授知识并获得尊重的能力，是教师职业所需的资质。根据句意和首字母以及提示“a skill or type of experience that you need for a particular job or activity(从事特定工作或活动所需的技能或经验类型)”可知，此处表示“资格，资质”，应用名词qualification作表语，由the可知，应用单数，故填qualification。 58. He is a confident and g_______ (having a lot of natural ability or intelligence) Australian photographer. (根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】gifted##ifted 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：他是一位自信且有天赋的澳大利亚摄影师。根据句意和首字母可知，此处表示“有天赋的”，为形容词gifted，作表语，故填gifted。 59. You can’t force the child to think carefully, enjoy books, d_______ (to think about something so that you fully understand it) complex information, or develop a taste for learning. (根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】digest##igest 【解析】 【详解】考查动词。句意：你不能强迫孩子仔细思考，享受书籍，理解复杂的信息，或者培养学习的兴趣。根据英文解释“to think about something so that you fully understand it(为了充分理解某事而思考某事)”首字母d可知，此处应用动词digest，表示“消化，理解”，位于情态动词can’t后面，使用动词原形。故填digest。 80-83 题：根据括号内的单词填入单词的正确形式。 60. She couldn’t attend the meeting so her _______ (assist) who was familiar with the agenda took her place. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】assistant 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：她不能参加会议，所以她那位熟悉议程的助手代替了她。根据“her”以及“who was familiar with the agenda (定语从句修饰先行词，指人)”可知，此空需填名词assistant，在so后的句子中作主语，意为“助手”，且根据从句谓语was可知，此处用单数名词。故填assistant。 61. Early _______ (intervene) is crucial for students who are struggling with a foreign language. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】intervention 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：对于正在努力学习外语的学生来说，早期干预是至关重要的。提示词作主语，用名词intervention，意为“干预”，不可数名词。故填intervention。 62. Nowadays it’s acceptable for women to be ________ (ambition). But it wasn’t then. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】ambitious 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：如今，女性有抱负是可以接受的。但在当时却并非如此。根据前文be可知，空处应用所给词的形容词形式ambitious，作表语。故填ambitious。 63. Daniel’s early____________ (expose) to motor racing did not excite his interest.(所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】exposure 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：Daniel早年接触赛车并没有激起他的兴趣。Daniel’s early后跟名词，expose的名词是exposure，是不可数名词，意为“暴露，接触”。故填exposure。 84-87 题：根据括号内的中文填入单词的正确形式。 64. Ms. Carey appeared to _______ (把……归咎于) her breakdown on the company’s punishing work schedule. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】blame 【解析】 【详解】考查动词。句意：凯里女士似乎将她的崩溃归咎于公司苛刻的工作安排。blame...on...固定搭配，意为“将……归咎于……”，appear to do sth.固定搭配，所以此处应用动词原形，故填blame。 65. These emails not only highlight Prince Andrew’s _______ (相互矛盾的) statements, but also suggest a disturbing willingness to deflect from the truth. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】contradictory 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：这些电子邮件不仅凸显了安德鲁王子相互矛盾的陈述，而且还表明了一种令人不安的偏离真相的意愿。“相互矛盾的”修饰名词statements，应用形容词contradictory作定语。故填contradictory。 66. The senior student gave a speech about her learning journey, _______ (激励) everyone in the audience to pursue their dreams. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】inspiring 【解析】 【详解】考查动词。句意：这位高年级学生发表了关于她学习历程的演讲，激励了在场的每一个人去追求自己的梦想。“激励”为动词inspire，作状语，和逻辑主语the senior student是主动关系，需用现在分词形式作伴随状语，故填inspiring。 67. It appears that highly emotional events are most likely to be remembered _______ (生动地) yet, at the same time, emotion may undermine memory accuracy. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】vividly 【解析】 【详解】考查副词。句意：似乎高度情绪化的事件最有可能生动地被记住；然而，同时，情绪可能会破坏记忆的准确性。根据所给汉语提示“生动地”，此处应填入副词vividly，修饰动词are remembered作状语。故填vividly。 七、短语填空(共 26 个空;每空 0.5 分，满分 13 分) 请用人教版选择性必修一 Unit 5、选择性必修二 Unit 1 和 2、VCR、故事阅读以及 U1 背诵段落中短语的适当形式填空。 68. Yuan Longping’s scientific spirit _________ _________ _________ for us. (根据句意填空) 【答案】 ①. sets ②. an ③. example 【解析】 【详解】考查固定搭配。句意：袁隆平的科学精神为我们树立了榜样。根据句意，此处表示“为……树立榜样”为固定搭配set an example for，句子描述一般性事实，应用一般现在时，主语是单数，set应用三单。故填①sets②an③example。 69. Last but not least, despite having achieved great wealth and fame, he _________ _________ _________ agricultural research, making large donations and continuously pursuing new visions like “seawater rice”. (根据句意填空) 【答案】 ①. is ②. committed ③. to 【解析】 【详解】考查固定搭配。句意：最后但同样重要的是，尽管已拥有巨大的财富和声誉，他仍致力于农业研究，进行大量捐赠，并持续追求像“海水稻”这样的新愿景。根据“agricultural research”以及“making large donations and continuously pursuing new visions”可知，此处可用固定搭配be committed to，意为“致力于”，主语是he且句子描述常态，谓语用is。故填①is②committed③to。 70. Some people worried that the rapid development of tourism might _________ _________ _________ (给……带来危害) the local environment. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 【答案】 ①. do##cause ②. damage ③. to 【解析】 【详解】考查动词短语。句意：一些人担心旅游业的快速发展可能对当地环境产生某种不好的影响。根据汉语提示“给……带来危害”可知，此处为动词短语do/cause damage to，位于情态动词might后面，使用动词原形。故填①do/cause；②damage；③to。 71. His colleague_________ _________ (处理) personal business, he had to temporarily take over the client consultation task. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 【答案】 ①. dealing ②. with 【解析】 【详解】考查动词短语和独立主格。句意：他的同事正在处理私事，所以他不得不临时接手客户咨询的任务。根据汉语提示“处理”、句子结构(逗号前后无连词，且前后主语不一致，需用独立主格结构)以及“同事”与“处理”是主谓关系可知，此处需填非谓语形式dealing with。故填①dealing②with。 72. My main reason for _________ __________ (订阅) New Scientist is to keep abreast of advances in science. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 【答案】 ①. subscribing ②. to 【解析】 【详解】考查固定短语和动名词。句意：我订阅《新科学家》杂志的主要原因是为了跟上科学发展的步伐。“订阅”是固定短语subscribe to，for是介词，空格处用动名词作宾语，故填subscribing，to。 73. By the end of the week she was beginning to __________ __________ __________ (舒服自在) in her new job. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 【答案】 ①. feel ②. at ③. home 【解析】 【详解】考查固定短语。句意：到周末时，她开始对新工作感到自在了。结合“in her new job”可知，“舒服自在”应用固定短语feel at home，表示“对新工作感到自在”，且句中用begin to do表示“开始做某事”，feel应用原形。故填feel at home。 74. The encouraging feedback from her mentor greatly __________ __________ __________ (提升某人的自信心) before the big presentation last Saturday afternoon. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 【答案】 ①. boosted ②. her ③. confidence 【解析】 【详解】考查动词和名词。句意：在上周六下午的大型演讲之前，她的导师给予了她鼓舞人心的反馈，这极大地提升了她的信心。“提升某人的信心”应用动词短语boost one’s confidence，结合“from her mentor”可知，one’s需变为her，“last Saturday afternoon”表明时态需用一般过去时，boost需用过去式。故填boosted；her；confidence。 75. Tom went home from work as usual, only to find that the residential building was on fire. He rushed into the collapsing building __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ (没有一丝犹豫). Thick smoke burned his eyes as he found his child trapped under a beam. Cradling the little boy in his arms, he managed to __________ __________ (哽咽地说), “You’re safe now,” his voice thick with emotion and relief. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 【答案】 ①. without ②. a ③. hint##slice ④. of ⑤. hesitation ⑥. choke ⑦. out 【解析】 【详解】考查介词短语和动词短语。句意：汤姆像往常一样下班回家，却发现住宅楼着火了。他毫不犹豫地冲进了正在倒塌的建筑里。浓烟灼伤了他的眼睛，当他发现自己的孩子被压在一根横梁下面时，他悲痛欲绝地抱起孩子，哽咽着说道：“你现在安全了。”他的声音因激动和解脱而变得沙哑。根据汉语提示，表示“没有一丝犹豫”用介词短语without a hint/slice of hesitation，作状语；表示“哽咽地说”用choke out，此处使用动词短语与空前的to构成不定式结构。故答案为without a hint/slice of hesitation；choke out。 八、应用文写作(满分 20 分，其中内容与表达占 15 分，书写占 5 分) 76. 假定你是李华，你校外教 Richard 分配给你一个任务：以“科学精神”为主题设计一次课堂活动。请你给他写一封电子邮件介绍你的设计，内容包括： 1. 活动方式； 2. 设计意图； 注意： 1. 写作词数应为 120 左右； 2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； 3. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Richard, __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Richard, I’m writing to share my design for the “scientific spirit” class activity. First, we’ll start with a 10-minute sharing session: students will present short stories of scientists (like Yuan Longping) who persisted through failures. Then, we’ll do a “mini-experiment challenge”: groups will try to build a paper bridge that holds 5 books, with only 10 minutes and limited materials. After that, we’ll discuss what problems we faced and how we adjusted our plans. That the activity aims to let students feel the core of scientific spirit — curiosity, persistence and innovation — through practice, not just theory, is a way to cultivate their interest in science. It also encourages teamwork and critical thinking, which helps them connect scientific spirit to daily learning. What do you think of this design? Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达是一封介绍信，要求考生给外教Richard写一封电子邮件，介绍以“科学精神”为主题的课堂活动设计，包括活动方式和设计意图。 【详解】1.词汇积累 开始：start with→begin with 坚持：persisted through→ stuck to 调整：adjusted→ modified 核心：core→ essence 2.句式拓展 同义句改写 原句：What do you think of this design? 拓展句：In your professional opinion, how would you evaluate the aesthetics and functionality of this design? 【点睛】【高分句型1】That the activity aims to let students feel the core of scientific spirit — curiosity, persistence and innovation — through practice, not just theory, is a way to cultivate their interest in science.（使用了连接代词that引导的主语从句） 【高分句型2】It also encourages teamwork and critical thinking, which helps them connect scientific spirit to daily learning.（使用了关系代词which引导的非限制性定语从句，先行词为teamwork and critical thinking） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $