Unit 7 The natural world Grammar 课件 2025-2026学年译林版英语八年级上册

该初中英语课件聚焦五种简单句句型（含S+V+IO+DO、S+V+O+C）及并列连词and/but/or/so用法，通过匹配题、旧句型回顾搭建支架，结合例句分析和动词搭配表格，衔接新旧知识，帮助学生系统掌握语法要点。 其亮点在于融合单元主题“自然世界”，采用语境化语法教学（如生态系统写作任务），通过辨析练习（双宾语与宾补区别）提升思维品质，例句贴近生活（买礼物、种树）增强语言能力，中考链接与自我评估促进学习能力，助力教师系统教学，提升学生语法应用与应试能力。

By the end of this lesson, students will be able to: use and, but, or and so correctly. identify the main structures of sentences; Unit 7 The natural world P3 Grammar Match the letter with its Chinese meaning. 主语 表语 谓语 宾语 S V O P What sentence structures have you learnt? SV SVO SVP What does each letter stand for? Write the main structures of the sentences below using S, V, O, P. 1. He laughed. 2. Jim sang a Chinese song. 3. The leaves turn brown. 4. The girl couldn’t open the door. 5. Your idea sounds good. S O S V V S V P S V O S V P We have learnt the sentence structures - SV, SVO, SVP last unit. Today let’s learn another two sentence structures together. Focus on 基本含义和用法 Verbs and sentence structure (II) 动词及基本句型(II) He showed me his driving licence. 主语 谓语 宾语 What did he show? 直接宾语 直接宾语表示动作的承受者,一般是物; Who did he show? 间接宾语 间接宾语表示动作是对谁或为谁做的,一般是人。 主语+谓语(及物动词)+间接宾语+直接宾语 (S+V+IO+DO) 这种间接宾语和直接宾语同时出现的情况叫双宾语。 I bought John a birthday present. 间接宾语 直接宾语 (1) He gave me some food. (2) I will make Grandpa some jiaozi. 他给了我一些食物。 我要给爷爷包些饺子。 =He gave some food to me. =I will make some jiaozi for Grandpa. 在含有双宾语结构的句子中,当直接宾语位于间接宾语之前时,通常需通过介词to或for引出间接宾语。 能与to搭配的动词有bring、feed、give、hand、lend、offer、pass、pay、post、read、sell、send、show、take、teach、tell、write等。 能与for搭配的动词有bring、build、buy、cook、find、get、leave、make、order、pick、save等。 We call them mooncakes. 主语 谓语 宾语 What do you call them? 宾语补足语 在某些及物动词的后面,需要用一个宾语再加一个宾补才能表达完整的意思,用来补充说明宾语的行为或状态。 主语+谓语(及物动词)+宾语+宾语补足语 (S+V+O+C) I had my computer repaired. 宾语 宾语补足语 宾语补足语 例句 I will make you captain. His speech left the President in a very different position. 1) 名词 2) 介词短语 ① 可在句中充当宾语补足语的成分 宾语补足语 常见动词 例句 advise, allow, ask, beg, encourage, cause, direct, expect, forbid, force, invite, order, permit, persuade, remind, require, teach, tell, want, warn Dad tells my brother to turn off the TV. consider, think, believe, discover, find, judge, prove, imagine, suppose 1.We consider him (to be) a good teacher. 2. I find the story very interesting. feel, have, hear, let, make, notice, observe, see, watch, listen to, look at We watched the children play games. to do (to be) +n/adj. 不带to的不定式 3) 4) 5) ② Translation. 1) She heard the boy sing a song. 2) She heard the boy singing a song. 她听见那个男孩唱了一首歌。 她听见那个男孩正在唱歌。 感官动词等后面既可以接不带to的不定式作宾补,也可以用V-ing形式作宾语补足语。前者表示动作已经结束,后者表示动作正在发生。 The desert Deserts are difficult places for animals to live. Little rain and too much sunshine make deserts dry. Many desert plants give animals water. These plants store water in their leaves. Some animals feed on the leaves, and the water can keep them healthy. Quite a few desert plants also give animals food. Their flowers and fruits can provide animals with energy. Amy is writing about the desert. Read her writing and write the main structures of the underlined sentences using S+V+O+O or S+V+O+C. P98 A1 S V C O S V DO IO S V O C S V DO IO 中考链接 1. - “Saying ‘Would you please...’” is a good way to ask somebody to do something. -Yes. It makes you sound polite. (2025安徽省) 2. - Have a safe trip to Hangzhou,my dear! - OK, Dad. I'll give you a call as soon as I arrive there. (2025福建省) 分析划线句子的结构。 S V O C S V IO DO 五种简单句的基本句型 1. 主语 + 系动词 + 表语(SVP) 2. 主语 + 谓语(不及物动词)(SV) 3. 主语 + 谓语(及物动词)+ 宾语(SVO) 4. 主语 + 谓语(及物动词)+ 间接宾语 + 直接宾语(SVOO) 5. 主语 + 谓语(及物动词)+ 宾语 + 宾语补足语(SVOC) Grass grows tall and flowers smile, Butterflies dance, sun shines bright. This is our home, pure and light. Trees give shade but some are cut, Rivers sing but trash fills up. We must stop this, don’t give up! Plant a tree or pick up trash, Small acts count, let’s move fast. Every hand can help, let’s try! We love our earth so we’ll care, Keep it clean, let fresh air share. Green home stays - we all prepare! Listen and repeat. Notice the words in red. 连词(conjunction) 今天,让我们一起来学习下and, but, or和so的用法吧。 连词是连接词、短语、从句或句子的一种虚词。连词没有句子重音,也不能独立担任句子成分。And, but, or和so是常见的并列连词。 Focus on 基本含义和用法 Using and, but, or and so 并列连词 and, but, or 和 so 1. The hotel is very clean, and the price is not very high. 这个酒店很干净,而且价格也不是很高。 2. Julie has a guitar and she plays it very well. 朱莉有一把吉他,而且她弹得很好。 3. Listen to some music, and you will feel more relaxed. 听一些音乐,你就会感到更轻松。 and and的用法 意为“和;又;而且”,用来连接表示对等成分的句子,表示并列、连续、增补等关系,译法较灵活,有时并不译出。 1. There's a bus coming, but it's full. 有一辆公共汽车来了,不过车上坐满了人。 2. He looked very tired, but he didn't stop working. 他看上去很累,但是他没有停止工作。 3. I like fruit but I don't like vegetables. 我喜欢水果,但是我不喜欢蔬菜。 but 意为“但是”,所连接的内容前后意思不同或相反,表示转折关系。 but的用法 1. Is your sister older or younger than you? 你的姐妹比你大还是小? 2. Are you coming or not? 你来还是不来? or 意为“或,或者,还是”,常用来表示选择关系。 or的用法 拓展 I cannot speak Japanese or French. Go at once, or you’ll miss the train. 注意: 在否定句中并列成分通常用or连接,而不用and。 or 用于连接分句, 还可表示 “不然;否则”。 1. The rain began to fall, so we went home. 天开始下雨了,所以我们就回家了。 2. I got up at nine o'clock this morning, so I was late for my class. 我今天早上九点钟才起床,所以上课迟到了。 3. He was ill, so he didn't go to school. 他病了,所以没去上学。 so 表示“因此、所以”之意,常用来连接两个意思上有因果关系的句子。 so的用法 True or false ① It rained heavily, so we had to stay at home. ② Because it rained heavily, we had to stay at home. ③ Because it rained heavily, so we had to stay at home. 因为雨下得很大, 所以我们不得不待在家。 so意为“因此;所以”,表达的是结果。 because意为“因为;由于”,表达的是原因。 在一个句子中不能同时出现because和so。 Click on the right conjunction. David is writing about ecosystems. Help him join his ideas using and, but, or and so. B1 P99 1 Grasslands can be hot. Animals sit under the shade of trees. 2 Wetlands can have salt water. They can have fresh water. 3 There are forests in Asia. There are forests in Europe. 4 Deserts are dry. They are not always hot. 5 Some rainforest animals don't like wind. They don't like rain. Grasslands can be hot, so animals sit under the shade of trees. Wetlands can have salt water or fresh water. There are forests in Asia and Europe. Deserts are dry, but they are not always hot. Some rainforest animals don’t like wind or rain. 中考链接 1. Turn the heat down _ it'll burn. (2025甘肃省武威市) A. or B. and C. but D. so 2. Fast food tastes delicious. _ eating it too often is bad for your health. (2025云南省) A. Or B. And C. But D. So 3. The flight was delayed (延期) because of storm, _ the passengers had to wait at the airport. (2024黑龙江省绥化市) A. so B. or C. for 单项选择。 连词 用法 and 意为“和;又;而且”,用来连接表示对等成分的句子,表示并列、连续、增补等关系,译法较灵活,有时并不译出。 but 意为“但是”,所连接的内容前后意思不同或相反,表示转折关系。 or 意为“或,或者,还是”,常用来表示选择关系。 so 表示“因此、所以”之意,常用来连接两个意思上有因果关系的句子。 I. 单项选择。 1. Ada sold the vegetables she grew _ her neighbours. With the money, she could buy a nice gift _ her father. A. for; for B. to; for C. for; to D. to; to 2. Which of the following sentences has an OC? A. We found the room empty. B. We found the room easily. C. We found a hotel for the boy. D. We found rare birds in the hill. 3. Read the sentence. “Chatting with Andy helps me understand the meaning of life.” Which part is the subject? A. Chatting with Andy B. Andy C. me D. the meaning of life 4. The sentence structure of “_” is “S+V+O+C”. A. Jenny is the most beautiful girl in our class. B. The girls are talking with each other happily. C. We suddenly heard a child crying outside. D. My cousin Peter is reading a book in his bedroom. 5. The workers built the bridge quickly _ it became an important part of the city. A. and B. or C. but D. so 6. Helen has a beautiful voice, _ she is too shy to sing in public. A. so B. or C. but D. and 7. We can go to the park, _ we can stay at home and watch a movie. A. and B. or C. but D. so 8. The film was really boring, _ we left the cinema early. A. and B. or C. so D. but 1. Sara offered me some good tips for doing DIY. Sara _ some good tips for doing DIY _ me. 2. The children saw she was dancing to the music at that time. The children saw _ _ to the music at that time. II. 同义句转换。 offered to her dancing 1. The movie is long. It is very interesting. 2. My father cooked dinner last night. We all enjoyed it. III. 用并列连词and、but、or或so将各题中的简单句合并为并列复合句。 The movie is long, but it is very interesting. My father cooked dinner last night and we all enjoyed it. 3. You can take the bus to school. You can ride a bike to enjoy the fresh air. 4. Anna still had a fever this morning. She went to see a doctor. Anna still had a fever this morning, so she went to see a doctor. You can take the bus to school, or you can ride a bike to enjoy the fresh air. IV. 把方框中句子类型的序号填入相应句子前的括号中。 ( ) 1. My grandma felt uncomfortable just now. ( ) 2. The father saw his son running towards him quickly. ( ) 3. Lily and her sister are making a snowman in the yard. ( ) 4. Mary bought her grandpa a pair of new shoes yesterday. ( ) 5. The heavy snow finally stopped at 6 p.m. A. S+V B. S+V+O C. S+V+P D. S+V+IO+DO E. S+V+O+C C E B D A 1. Can you identify the main structures of sentences? 2. Can you use and, but, or and so correctly? 1. Write about what you know about ecosystems, using S+V+O+O and S+V+O+C. Use and, but, or and so to join your ideas. (P99 B2) 2. Preview Word power on page 100. $