Unit 10 Learning to Be Grateful-现在完成时（讲+练）-《英语 基础模块1》（语文版2022版）

现在完成时 《英语 基础模块1》（语文版2022版） Unit 9 Fun Sports语法 导 入 目 录 01. 现在完成时定义 02. 现在完成时基本结构 03. 过去分词变化规则 04. 现在完成时标志词 05. 重难点辨析 06. 巩固练习 什么是现在完成时？ 现在完成时是英语中最基本的时态之一。通常用于表达： 例句：He has lived here since 1978.（自从 1978 年以来，他一直住在这儿） 例句：I have finished my homework. （我已经完成了作业。） 1. 表示过去发生或已完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果； 2. 表示过去已经开始并一直持续到现在的动作或状态。 现在完成时的结构 现在完成时的基本结构为: have/has十done (动词的过去分词) 肯定句 主语+have/has+done(过去分词) +其他。 He has watched the movie. 否定句 主语+have/has not+done(过去分词)+其他。 He hasn’t watched the movie. 一般疑问句 Have/Has主语 + done（过去分词 ）+其他。 －Has he watched the movie? －Yes, she has./ No, she hasn’t. 特殊疑问句 特殊疑问词 + 一般疑问句 ? Where have you been? 动词的过去分词 listen → listened invite → invited 直接加-ed 以辅音字母＋y结尾的动词，变y为i再加-ed 重读闭音节结尾， 双写辅音+ed play → played work → worked 以 “e” 结尾的动词，只在词尾加 “-d” like→liked study → studied stop → stopped cry → cried drop → dropped love → loved carry → carried 动词的规则变化 动词的过去分词 cost → cost meet→ met take→ taken bring→brought buy→ bought smell→ smelt say→ said catch→ caught leave→ left find→ found begin→ begun 常见动词的不规则变化 have /has→ had be→been go → gone break → broken cut→ cut 时间标志词 表示一段时间的状语 笼统表示过去的时间状语 for + 时间段；since + 时间点 already、never、ever、just 等 表示包含过去和现在的一整段时间的状语 lately、recently、in the past few years、these few years、these days、up to now、so far 等 重难点辨析 一、辨析“for” & “since” eg.We have lived in this city for more than 40 years. 1.for + 时间段。 eg. He has lived here since 1878. since + 过去一个时间点 since + 时间段 + ago since + 从句（过去时） eg. He has lived here since three years ago. eg. He has lived here since he came here three years ago. 2.since的用法。 即学即练 1. I haven’t seen him_______(for/since) 2000. 2. I have stayed here ______(for/since) a week. 3. I have been away from my home______ (for/since) a month. 4. Have you ever came to the restaurant_____(for/since) you came here? 5. The means of communication has changed greatly ______(for/since) the beginning of the 21st century. since for for since since 时间点 时间段 时间段 时间点 时间点 重难点辨析 二、相似词组比较 eg. Mary has been to the Great Wall. 1.have/has been to表示去过某地（已经回来） eg. He has gone to the bookshop. 2.have/has gone to 表示去了某地（还未回来） eg. We have been in this small village for 2 years. 3.have/has been in表示在某地待了多长时间，常与表示一段时间的状语连用 重难点辨析 即学即练 1. Mike and his parents ___________ the north for half a year. 2. Mum is not at home now. She _____________the shop. 3. —Where is Peter? —I don’t know where he ___________. 4.—Has Jim arrived yet? —Yes, he ______________ here for several days. 5. —Have you ever ____________ to kunming ? —Never. 用have been to、have been in、have gone to填空 have been in been has gone to has been has been 重难点辨析 三、瞬间动词与延续性动词转换 瞬间动词与for或since引导的时间段连用时，要改变成延续性动词 become → be finish →be over start / begin→ be on come / go→ be in / at leave→ be away die→be dead borrow → keep buy/begin→ have 重难点辨析 His grandpa ____________ for 2 years. 1. 他爷爷已经去世两年了。 has ben dead I __________ the book for two weeks. 2. 这本书我已经借了两个周了。 have kept My parents __________ this house for five years. 3. 我的父母买了这个房子已经五年了。 have bought 即学即练 重难点辨析 四、already vs yet 1.Bob has already finished his work. 2.He has finished his work already. 3.My brother hasn’t finished his work yet. 4.Has Tom finished his work yet? 观察 结论 already常用于 ；yet常用于 。 肯定句 否定句或疑问句 重难点辨析 五、现在完成时与一般过去时区别 1.have/has been to eg. I have seen the film.（我看过这部电影。现在仍记得内容） eg. I saw the film three days ago.（强调三天前看的） 现在完成时：侧重于对现在的影响 一般过去时：侧重于某一动作发生在过去某个时间或某段时间 重难点辨析 常与 already、yet、just、ever、never、before 等副词以及 “for + 段时间”、“since + 过去时间 / 从句” 等连用 常与 “时间段 + ago”、just now、yesterday、last week 等表示过去的时间状语连用 时间标志词对比 现在完成时 一般过去时 eg. She lived here two years ago. eg. She has lived here since two years ago. 巩固练习 一、用所给词的适当形式填空 1. She ____________(make) a lot of friends here so far. 2. Scientists ________________(develop) many new technologies to solve energy problems in recent years. 3. My brother has ________ (read) this novel three times because he likes it very much. 4. I put my wallet on the table and it has _____________.（appear） has made 5.It is five years since he _________(join) the Party. have developed read appeared joined 巩固练习 二、选择题 1．—Would you like to see the film YOLO with us? —I’d love to! But I ________ it. A．see B．saw C．have seen D．will see 2．I have worked hard ________ then because I want to go to a good college in the future. A．and B．since C．for D．but 3. Mr. Li ________ English in our school for 15 years. A．teaches B．taught C．is teaching D．has taught 4.The film Dead to rights (《南京照相馆》) based on true historical events, _________ many people since its release (上映). A．moved B．have moving C．has moved D．is moved 5. His family ________ in this town since 1990. A．live B．lived C．have lived D．will live C B D C C Summary 01. 现在完成时定义 02. 现在完成时基本结构 03. 过去分词变化规则 04. 现在完成时标志词 05. 重难点辨析 Thanks $