第二部分 题型二 选择型阅读理解-类型3 说明介绍类-【中考必刷题】2026年中考英语真题诊断自查课件

该初中英语中考复习课件聚焦说明介绍类阅读理解核心题型，严格对接新课标“人与自我、人与社会、人与自然”主题，涵盖2025年辽宁、河南等多地中考真题，按“细节理解（约40%）、词义猜测（25%）、主旨大意（20%）”等考点权重分类，归纳“真题诊断-话题突破-速度检测”三阶训练模式，精准匹配中考考查要求。 课件亮点在于“真题精析+素养融合”，如通过2025辽宁中考“赤脚行走”真题，详解“定位原文-比对选项”技巧，结合长难句分析提升语言能力；“丝绸之路”话题训练融入文化意识，引导学生通过事件排序题培养逻辑思维。设置“易错点总结表”和“话题词汇速记卡”，配合5-8分钟限时训练，助力学生高效突破考点，教师可直接用于专题复习或模考讲评，确保复习针对性与实战性。

1 2 3 第二部分 中考题型过关 4 题型二 选择型阅读理解 5 类型3 说明介绍类 刷诊断 刷话题 刷速度 6 A 2025真题诊断练 7 Passage 1 体裁：说明文 主题：人与自我·生活与学习 词数：242 难度： ★★ 建议用时：6分钟#1 ［2025辽宁中考］We have many ways to get close to nature, such as dancing in the rain, stepping on fallen leaves or digging in the soil, but my favourite is walking barefoot （赤脚）. Walking barefoot can be enjoyable and helpful. It can help us sleep better and feel rested in mind and body. It can also build our foot muscles （肌肉） and improve our balance. According to Traditional Chinese Medicine, walking barefoot can be good for our health. 类型3 说明介绍类 刷诊断 回到目录 8 When you want to try walking barefoot, there’s no need to hurry. At first, walking barefoot for 10 minutes can be fine. After that, add 5 minutes every day until you can walk for 20 to 30 minutes. If your feet hurt, take a break or curtail the time. Walking barefoot, however, isn’t always safe. People with health problems like flat feet or back pain should avoid this practice. What’s more, walking barefoot in cold or wet environments might cause health problems. To make walking barefoot safe, remember the following points: ·Choose safe places, like soft grass or warm sand. 类型3 说明介绍类 刷诊断 回到目录 ·Stay away from things like rocks or broken glass. ·Keep shoes at hand if you worry that your feet will get too sore. ·Listen to your body—stop if you feel pain or discomfort. Walking barefoot is a great way to feel connected with nature, but it’s important to stay safe and consider your own health condition.#4.5 【Passage 1·语篇导读】本文介绍了赤脚行走的益处和安全实践的建议。 类型3 说明介绍类 刷诊断 回到目录 ( )1.Which of the following is the writer’s favourite way to get close to nature? D A.Dancing in the rain. B.Stepping on fallen leaves. C.Digging in the soil. D.Walking without shoes on. 【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段中的but my favourite is walking barefoot可知， 作者最喜欢的亲近自然的方式是赤脚行走。故选D项。 ( )2.What does the underlined word “curtail” mean in Paragraph 3? D A.Tell. B.Make. C.Value. D.Reduce. 【解析】词义猜测题。根据第三段中的“If your feet hurt, take a break or curtail the time.”可知，若脚疼，可以休息或减少时间。curtail意为“减少”，与reduce意义相 近。故选D项。 类型3 说明介绍类 刷诊断 回到目录 11 ( )3.According to the text, remember to ________ when you are walking barefoot. C A.try a cold surface B.practice on hard rocks C.find a safe place D.walk in wet environments 【解析】细节理解题。根据“Choose safe places, like soft grass or warm sand.”可知， 赤脚行走时需要选择安全的地方。故选C项。 类型3 说明介绍类 刷诊断 回到目录 12 ( )4.What is the text mainly about? C A.The introduction to health problems. B.The suggestions on outdoor activities. C.The information about walking barefoot. D.The effects of Traditional Chinese Medicine. 类型3 说明介绍类 刷诊断 回到目录 13 【解析】主旨大意题。文章围绕赤脚行走展开，介绍了其益处、适应方法、安全建 议等，核心内容是“关于赤脚行走的信息”。故选C项。 选 项 释 义 A 健康问题的介绍。 B 关于户外活动的建议。 C 关于赤脚行走的信息。 D 传统中医的功效。 类型3 说明介绍类 刷诊断 回到目录 14 Passage 2 体裁：说明文 主题：人与社会·科学与技术 词数：316 难度： ★★★ 建议用时：8分钟#1 ［2025河南中考］Sunshine does make people happier. Imagine how cheerful you are when it clears up after long cold rainy days. Let’s discover science behind sunlight. Sunlight causes you to produce a chemical （化学物质） called serotonin （血清素）.When you are exposed to sunlight, your body will make more serotonin. Higher levels of serotonin will keep you in good spirits. At night, when there is little or no light, your body produces another chemical—melatonin 类型3 说明介绍类 刷诊断 回到目录 15 （褪黑激素）.It helps your body relax and will make you feel tired, which can prepare you for a good night’s sleep. You should keep a good balance between these two chemicals. However, for many people, it is hard to balance sunlight with darkness. People who stay indoors a lot may not get enough sunlight. The light in a house is usually about 100 times less than that outside on a sunny day. That’s why it is believed that those people should get outside in the sunshine. They can get some exercise, enjoy the fresh air and be happy, all at the same time. 类型3 说明介绍类 刷诊断 回到目录 There are places where it gets dark for a long time in the winter. People in those places are easier to get seasonal affective disorder （SAD）.People with SAD usually go through bad experiences such as low energy and sadness. The most common treatment for those people is to sit under bright artificial （人工的） lights for some time.#5 The roles that sunshine plays in people’s life are more than those above. For example, your body produces Vitamin D （维生素D） from sunlight, which is important for being healthy. In fact, there is more 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 【Passage 2·语篇导读】本文介绍了阳光是如何对人产生积极影响的。 science about sunlight for you to discover. So next time, when you notice the sunshine on your shoulder, take a moment to think, “Why do we love sunshine?” 类型3 说明介绍类 刷诊断 回到目录 ( )5.Which of the following can take the place of “are exposed to” in the text? A A.stay in B.care about C.dream of D.depend on 【解析】词义猜测题。根据第二段的“Sunlight causes you to… make more serotonin.”可知，此处表示当你暴露在阳光下时，身体会生成更多血清素，stay in表 示“待在”，可替换画线部分。故选A项。 类型3 说明介绍类 刷诊断 回到目录 18 ( )6.What does Paragraph 2 mainly talk about? B A.What can help people to keep in good spirits. B.How light influences people through chemicals. C.Why melatonin can help people relax for a sleep. D.Which chemical is thought to be more important. 【解析】主旨大意题。第二段主要介绍了阳光是如何通过影响血清素（提升情绪） 和褪黑激素（助眠）这两种化学物质来调节人体的。故选B项。 类型3 说明介绍类 刷诊断 回到目录 19 ( )7.Which of the following is an opinion （观点） according to the text? B A.There are places where it gets dark for a long time in the winter. B.People who stay indoors a lot should get outside in the sunshine. C.The light in a house is usually less than that outside on a sunny day. D.People’s bodies produce something called Vitamin D from sunlight. 【解析】推理判断题。根据第三段的“That’s why it is believed that those people should get outside in the sunshine.”可知，B选项观点符合文意。其他选项为事实陈 述，不是观点。故选B项。 类型3 说明介绍类 刷诊断 回到目录 20 ( )8.Jack is a person with SAD.How could he solve his problem according to the text? D A.By staying indoors a lot. B.By taking in more fresh air. C.By doing some exercise. D.By using man-made lights. 【解析】细节理解题。根据第四段的“People with SAD… The most common treatment for those people is to sit under bright artificial lights for some time.”可知， 他应该使用人工光源。故选D项。 类型3 说明介绍类 刷诊断 回到目录 21 ( )9.Why is the sentence “Why do we love sunshine?” written in the last paragraph? A A.To encourage readers to learn more about sunlight. B.To advise readers to stay in houses for enough time. C.To expect readers to realize the importance of Vitamin D. D.To invite readers to walk into nature to enjoy the fresh air. 【解析】推理判断题。根据最后一段的“In fact, there is more science about sunlight for you to discover. So next time…”可知，作者写这句话是为了鼓励读者去更多地 了解阳光。故选A项。 类型3 说明介绍类 刷诊断 回到目录 22 长难句分析 When you are exposed to sunlight, your body will make more serotonin. 当你暴露 在阳光下时，你的身体会生成更多的血清素。When you are exposed to sunlight为 时间状语从句，使用了被动语态；your body will make more serotonin为主句。 类型3 说明介绍类 刷诊断 回到目录 23 Passage 3 体裁：说明文 主题：人与社会·历史、社会与文化 词数：328 难 度：★★★ 建议用时：8分钟#1 丝绸之路#2 ［2025湖北中考］Long ago, in ancient China, there was a story about the invention of silk. People believed that silk was first invented by Leizu, the wife of the Yellow Emperor. Leizu learned how to make cocoons （蚕茧） into soft and strong cloth. This magical cloth became known as “silk”, and it was so valuable that it was called “China’s Gold”.Following kings’ orders, the Chinese kept the secret of making silk for centuries. 类型3 说明介绍类 刷诊断 回到目录 24 But then, something amazing happened! During the Han Dynasty, the brave officer Zhang Qian traveled west as far as Central Asia and brought silk there. As years passed by, silk became so important that the trade road from Europe to China got its name—the Silk Road. The Silk Road became a busy highway for traders who carried things across deserts and mountains. From China, people sold silk and tea. In return, they received treasures such as spices （香料）, gold and silver from the West. At the very beginning, it was mainly about trade; then people began to share ideas, technologies and cultures. For example, Chinese inventions like papermaking were spread to the West, while new ideas about math and science came to China. 类型3 说明介绍类 刷诊断 回到目录 Most importantly, the Silk Road helped different cultures learn from each other. Art, music and even language were shared along this ancient road. In places like the Dunhuang Grottoes （敦煌石窟） in China, you can see how art pieces combined （融合） Eastern and Western styles into something distinctive. It can not be seen anywhere else. The story of the Silk Road tells us how people from faraway lands could become friends through trade and shared ideas. Today, we remember the Silk Road as one of the greatest examples of cooperation and exchange in history. It shows us how important it is to learn about and respect each other’s traditions, and that different cultures can work together to create amazing things.#2.5 类型3 说明介绍类 刷诊断 回到目录 【Passage 3·语篇导读】本文介绍了中国古代丝绸的发明传说、丝绸之路的起源与 发展，以及这条贸易通道在文化、技术交流中的重要作用。 类型3 说明介绍类 刷诊断 回到目录 ( )10.Who invented silk in ancient China? A A.Leizu. B.The kings. C.Zhang Qian. D.The Yellow Emperor. 【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段的People believed that silk was first invented by Leizu可知，人们认为丝绸首先由嫘祖发明。故选A项。 类型3 说明介绍类 刷诊断 回到目录 28 ( )11.What was spread from China to the West according to Paragraph 3? B A.Silk and gold. B.Tea and papermaking. C.Spices and silver. D.New ideas of science. 【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段可知，中国卖出丝绸和茶，并且中国的发明如造 纸术传到西方。故选B项。 类型3 说明介绍类 刷诊断 回到目录 29 ( )12. 排序题 What is the right order of the following facts from the passage? C ① Zhang Qian traveled west with silk. ② Art and language were shared along the Silk Road. ③ Traders from China and the West exchanged things. ④ The Chinese were ordered to keep the secret of making silk. A.①→④→③→② B.①→③→④→② C.④→①→③→② D.④→③→②→① 【解析】排序题。根据第一至四段可知，首先中国的君王命令保守制作丝绸的秘密 （④），然后张骞出使西域（①），接着中西方商人交换物品（③），最后艺术和 语言在丝绸之路上被分享（②）。正确顺序为④→①→③→②。故选C项。 类型3 说明介绍类 刷诊断 回到目录 30 ( )13.What does the underlined word “distinctive” mean in Paragraph 4? A A.Special. B.Public. C.Popular. D.Strong. 【解析】词义猜测题。根据“It can not be seen anywhere else.”可知，在敦煌石窟等 地，艺术作品融合了东西方风格，形成了独特的东西。distinctive意为“特别的；独特 的”，与special 意思相近。故选A项。 类型3 说明介绍类 刷诊断 回到目录 31 ( )14.What does the story of the Silk Road mainly tell us? D A.The change of world trade. B.The introduction of silk cloth. C.The influence of technology in history. D.The importance of cross-cultural communication. 【解析】主旨大意题。根据最后一段可知，丝绸之路的故事告诉我们不同文化通过 贸易和分享思想而相互学习的重要性。故选D项。 类型3 说明介绍类 刷诊断 回到目录 32 B 话题突破练 33 话题 1 动物与植物 Passage 1 体裁：说明文 主题：人与自然·自然生态 词数：220 难度： ★★★ 建议用时：5分钟 #1 ［2025天津中考·节选］Lanternfish （灯笼鱼） are fish that carry their own lights. Most lanternfish are brown on top and silver underneath （在下面）.They have very large eyes. They eat small sea animals. If you want to find them, you must go deep into the sea. As you go deeper and deeper, the daylight （日光） becomes dimmer and dimmer. At over 152 metres below the surface （表面） of the water, the daylight is almost gone. The water is dark blue. There you will find lanternfish. 回到目录 话题 1 话题 2 话题 3 话题 4 话题 5 34 There are over 230 different kinds of lanternfish in the world. Most lanternfish are just as long as your fingers. Even the biggest lanternfish are only about 15 centimetres （厘米） long. They are not large in size. However, each lanternfish has about 100 small round lights on the lower part of its body. The fish use their lights to help them catch food. They also use their lights to send information so that they can recognise （认出） each other. At night, they may swim up near the surface of the sea. Their lights shine like stars under the water. Lanternfish are one of the wonders of the sea.#6 【Passage 1·语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了灯笼鱼的外形特征、 生活习性以及发光功能。 类型3 说明介绍类 刷话题 回到目录 话题 1 话题 2 话题 3 话题 4 话题 5 ( )1.What is the colour of most lanternfish on top? A A.Brown. B.Green. C.Red. D.Silver. 【解析】细节理解题。根据“Most lanternfish are brown on top and silver underneath.”可知，大多数灯笼鱼背部是棕色的。故选A项。 ( )2.What does the word “dimmer”mean in Paragraph 2? D A.Quicker. B.Easier. C.Richer. D.Darker. 【解析】词义猜测题。根据“As you go deeper and deeper, the daylight becomes dimmer and dimmer… the daylight is almost gone.”可知，随着深度增加，日光逐渐 变弱直至几乎消失，因此dimmer意为“更暗的”。故选D项。 类型3 说明介绍类 刷话题 回到目录 话题 1 话题 2 话题 3 话题 4 话题 5 36 ( )3.How many kinds of lanternfish are there in the world? B A.Over 152. B.Over 230. C.About 15. D.About 100. 【解析】细节理解题。根据“There are over 230 different kinds of lanternfish in the world.”可知，全球有超过230种灯笼鱼。故选B项。 类型3 说明介绍类 刷话题 回到目录 话题 1 话题 2 话题 3 话题 4 话题 5 37 ( )4.In order to recognise each other, lanternfish also use lights to ________. C A.drink water B.cook food C.send information D.fall asleep 【解析】细节理解题。根据“They also use their lights to send information so that they can recognise each other.”可知，灯笼鱼通过发光传递信息以互相识别。故选C项。 长难句分析 They also use their lights to send information so that they can recognise each other. 它们也使用它们的光发送信息以便它们能认出彼此。这是含有so that引导的目的状 语从句的复合句，use sth.to do sth.意为“使用某物做某事”。 类型3 说明介绍类 刷话题 回到目录 话题 1 话题 2 话题 3 话题 4 话题 5 38 Passage 2 体裁：说明文 主题：人与自然·自然生态 词数：305 难度： ★★★ 建议用时：8分钟#1 ［2025河南平顶山三模］Polar bears live in the places where temperatures can drop below -30 in winter. Even though it’s very cold, their fur （软毛） usually seems to be free from ice. A new study has found that the secret to their ice-free fur is that it is covered in grease （油脂）. A team of researchers studied hairs from six polar bears living in the wild. The hairs were covered in a type of grease known as sebum. The team washed some of the hairs so they could test whether ice was more likely （可能的） to stick to non-greasy fur. 类型3 说明介绍类 刷话题 回到目录 话题 1 话题 2 话题 3 话题 4 话题 5 39 They also tested how well ice stuck to greasy human hair. To provide the material for the test, one of the researchers didn’t wash his hair for six days, and then cut it off and handed it over. Then the team found that the ice didn’t really stick to the unwashed polar bear hairs. However, it stuck very easily to the washed polar bear hairs and the greasy human hair. To understand why there was such a difference, the scientists studied the polar bear sebum. Interestingly, they found in the sebum there isn’t any squalene, an ingredient （成分） of grease on human hair and on the hairs of some animals’.The polar bear’s type of grease is special and stops ice sticking to it. 类型3 说明介绍类 刷话题 回到目录 话题 1 话题 2 话题 3 话题 4 话题 5 Scientists are hoping the results could help make a coating that could repel ice on certain products, such as food packaging or clothing. At the moment, lots of companies use a coating called PFAS.Unluckily, PFAS breaks down very slowly in the environment and can be harmful to wildlife. Understanding polar bear grease could help scientists provide an environmentally friendly solution that could take the place of this harmful material.#6 【Passage 2·语篇导读】本文介绍了北极熊毛发不易结冰的科学发现及其潜在的应 用价值。 类型3 说明介绍类 刷话题 回到目录 话题 1 话题 2 话题 3 话题 4 话题 5 ( )5.What is the primary reason why polar bears’ fur remains ice-free? D A.Their fur is very thick. B.They live in warm areas. C.They use breath to warm the fur. D.It is covered in grease. 【解析】细节理解题。根据“A new study has found that the secret to their ice-free fur is that it is covered in grease.”可知，北极熊毛发不结冰的主要原因是毛发上覆 盖了油脂。故选D项。 ( )6.What type of grease was found on polar bear hairs? C A.Cooking oil. B.Squalene. C.Sebum. D.PFAS. 【解析】细节理解题。根据“The hairs were covered in a type of grease known as sebum.”可知，在北极熊毛发上发现的油脂是皮脂。故选C项。 类型3 说明介绍类 刷话题 回到目录 话题 1 话题 2 话题 3 话题 4 话题 5 42 ( )7.What did the researchers find about ice sticking to different types of hairs? C A.Ice did not stick to any type of hair. B.Ice stuck easily to unwashed polar bear hairs. C.Ice did not stick to unwashed polar bear hairs. D.Ice only stuck to washed human hair. 【解析】细节理解题。根据“Then the team found that the ice didn’t really stick to the unwashed polar bear hairs.However, it stuck very easily to the washed polar bear hairs and the greasy human hair.”可知，冰不会黏附在未清洗的北极熊毛发上。 故选C项。 类型3 说明介绍类 刷话题 回到目录 话题 1 话题 2 话题 3 话题 4 话题 5 43 ( )8.What does the underlined word “repel” mean in the text? D A.To draw something towards it. B.To hold onto something without letting go. C.To take in something completely. D.To keep something from coming close. 【解析】词义猜测题。根据Scientists are hoping the results could help make a coating that could repel ice on certain products及上下文可知，科学家们希望这一结 果可以帮助制造出一种可以在某些产品上去除冰的涂层，所以repel指的是阻止某物 靠近。故选D项。 类型3 说明介绍类 刷话题 回到目录 话题 1 话题 2 话题 3 话题 4 话题 5 44 话题 2 科学与技术 Passage 1 体裁：说明文 主题：人与社会·科学与技术 词数：226 难度： ★★ 建议用时：6分钟#1 强大的AI工具：DeepSeek#2 ［2025山东聊城一模］Have you ever wished for a super-smart study partner who is always ready to help? Meet DeepSeek, an amazing artificial intelligence tool that can be just that! DeepSeek is like a magic box full of knowledge.If you’re struggling （挣扎） with a tricky English grammar point, like when to use “who” and “whom”, it will explain the rules clearly with easy-to-understand examples.For example, “Who is 回到目录 话题 1 话题 2 话题 3 话题 4 话题 5 45 singing?” asks about the subject doing the action, while “Whom did you meet?” focuses on the object of the action.It can also help you with vocabulary.If you want to describe the beautiful sunset, DeepSeek might suggest words like “gorgeous” “radiant” or “breathtaking”. In science, it’s equally useful.When you’re confused about how plants make food through photosynthesis, DeepSeek will break down the process step by step.It can even show you diagrams （图表） to make it easier to visualize the process. 类型3 说明介绍类 刷话题 回到目录 话题 1 话题 2 话题 3 话题 4 话题 5 But remember, DeepSeek isn’t perfect.Sometimes, it might give a wrong answer or not fully understand a very unusual question.So, while it’s a great helper, we should always think critically （批判性地） and cross-check information. All in all, DeepSeek is a cool tool that can make learning more fun and easier.Give it a try, and you’ll be surprised at how much it can help you in your studies!#2.5 【Passage 1·语篇导读】本文主要介绍了DeepSeek这一人工智能工具，阐述了它的 功能、优点以及局限性，鼓励读者尝试使用它来辅助学习。 类型3 说明介绍类 刷话题 回到目录 话题 1 话题 2 话题 3 话题 4 话题 5 ( )1.What is DeepSeek? B A.A new type of smartphone. B.An amazing artificial intelligence tool. C.A digital game. D.A kind of electronic dictionary. 【解析】细节理解题。根据文章第一段的“Meet DeepSeek, an amazing artificial intelligence tool that can be just that!”可知，DeepSeek是一种令人惊叹的人工智能 工具。故选B项。 类型3 说明介绍类 刷话题 回到目录 话题 1 话题 2 话题 3 话题 4 话题 5 48 ( )2.When you have trouble with English grammar, DeepSeek can ________. C A.write an essay for you B.tell you the right answer without explanation C.explain the rules clearly with examples D.sing English songs related to grammar 【解析】细节理解题。根据文章第二段的“If you’re struggling with a tricky English grammar point… it will explain the rules clearly with easy-to-understand examples.” 可知，当你在英语语法上有困难时，DeepSeek可以用例子清楚地解释规则。故选C项。 类型3 说明介绍类 刷话题 回到目录 话题 1 话题 2 话题 3 话题 4 话题 5 49 ( )3.Why should we still think critically when using DeepSeek? C A.Because it is too expensive to use. B.Because it can only answer simple questions. C.Because it sometimes gives wrong answers or doesn’t understand unusual questions. D.Because it is not popular among students. 【解析】细节理解题。根据文章第四段的“Sometimes, it might give a wrong answer or not fully understand a very unusual question.”可知，使用DeepSeek时我们仍然需 要批判性地思考，因为它有时会给出错误的答案或不能完全理解非常不寻常的问题。 故选C项。 类型3 说明介绍类 刷话题 回到目录 话题 1 话题 2 话题 3 话题 4 话题 5 50 ( )4.What’s the main idea of this passage? D A.DeepSeek is a perfect learning tool without any disadvantages. B.DeepSeek can only help with English learning. C.DeepSeek is mainly used for playing games. D.DeepSeek is a useful digital learning partner but has its limits. 【解析】主旨大意题。根据文章内容可知，本文主要介绍了DeepSeek这一人工智能 工具的功能、优点以及局限性，因此D选项（DeepSeek是一个有用的数字化学习伙 伴，但也有其局限性。）最能概括文章主旨。故选D项。 类型3 说明介绍类 刷话题 回到目录 话题 1 话题 2 话题 3 话题 4 话题 5 51 Passage 2 体裁：说明文 主题：人与社会·科学与技术 词数：306 难度： ★★★ 建议用时：8分钟#1 ［2025广东深圳二模·改编］People believe that every word has its correct meaning. When we are not sure, we usually check online, or turn to our teachers or dictionaries. But do you know how dictionaries were made in the past? Dictionary writers first read the important books of the period or the subject that the dictionary was about. As they read, they copied necessary information on cards: interesting words, common words—both in their daily uses and unusual uses, and the sentences where they were used. 类型3 说明介绍类 刷话题 回到目录 话题 1 话题 2 话题 3 话题 4 话题 5 52 That is to say, the words, along with the uses of each word, were collected. For a really big dictionary, millions of such cards were collected. This task could last for years. As the cards were collected, they were put in alphabetical order （A—Z）.When this was done, there would be several hundred cards for each single word. Then, to define （定义） a word, the dictionary writer placed its hundreds of cards before him. He read the cards closely, threw some away, read the rest again, and divided up the cards according to what he thought the common uses of the word were. Finally, he wrote the definitions, following the hard-and-fast rule: each definition must come from an example on a certain card in front of him. 类型3 说明介绍类 刷话题 回到目录 话题 1 话题 2 话题 3 话题 4 话题 5 So, the writing of a dictionary was not a task of inventing meanings of words, but a task of recording their meanings. The writer of a dictionary was a historian, not a lawmaker. As time develops, the way of producing dictionaries has greatly changed. Nowadays, we can use online dictionaries, too. When choosing our words in speaking or writing, we can be guided by the dictionary. However, we cannot be controlled by it, because new situations, new experiences, new inventions and new feelings are always pushing us to give new uses to old words.#1.6 【Passage 2·语篇导读】本文主要介绍了词典在过去的制作过程及其演变。 类型3 说明介绍类 刷话题 回到目录 话题 1 话题 2 话题 3 话题 4 话题 5 ( )5.Why did dictionary writers read important books? B A.To know more about the period. B.To collect words and their uses. C.To understand different subjects. D.To learn to use interesting words. 【解析】细节理解题。根据“Dictionary writers first read the important books of the period or the subject that the dictionary was about… That is to say, the words, along with the uses of each word, were collected.”可知，词典编纂者阅读重要书籍 的目的是收集单词及其用法。故选B项。 类型3 说明介绍类 刷话题 回到目录 话题 1 话题 2 话题 3 话题 4 话题 5 55 ( )6. 创新性试题 Which shows the correct steps of how dictionaries were made in the past? D A.①-③-④-② B.①-②-④-③ C.③-④-②-① D.③-①-④-② 【解析】创新性试题。根据第三段可知，先收集单词及其用法，然后按照字母顺序 排列；根据第四段可知，词典编纂者筛选卡片，根据该词的常见用法将卡片分开， 最后按照硬性规定写下定义。因此正确的顺序是③-①-④-②。故选D项。 类型3 说明介绍类 刷话题 回到目录 话题 1 话题 2 话题 3 话题 4 话题 5 56 ( )7.What can we learn from the passage about dictionary writing in the past? C A.It should be done by lawmakers. B.It was a task of inventing and recording. C.It was long-time hard work. D.It had to use the law-making rules. 【解析】细节理解题。根据“For a really big dictionary, millions of such cards were collected.This task could last for years.”可知，在过去编纂词典是一项长期且艰苦的 工作。故选C项。 类型3 说明介绍类 刷话题 回到目录 话题 1 话题 2 话题 3 话题 4 话题 5 57 ( )8.What does the writer advise us to do when we choose words in communication? A A.Be open to the new uses of words. B.Follow the dictionary strictly. C.Use online dictionaries instead. D.Try to create new words. 【解析】推理判断题。根据“However, we cannot be controlled by it, because new situations, new experiences, new inventions and new feelings are always pushing us to give new uses to old words.”可知，作者建议我们要接受词汇的新用法。故选A项。 类型3 说明介绍类 刷话题 回到目录 话题 1 话题 2 话题 3 话题 4 话题 5 58 ( )9.What’s the main idea of this article? A A.Ways to make a dictionary in the past. B.Benefits of making a dictionary. C.The origins of words. D.The definition of dictionaries. 【解析】主旨大意题。根据全文内容，尤其是“But do you know how dictionaries were made in the past?”可知，本文主要介绍了词典在过去的制作过程及其演变。故 选A项。 类型3 说明介绍类 刷话题 回到目录 话题 1 话题 2 话题 3 话题 4 话题 5 59 话题 3 运动与健康 Passage 1 体裁：说明文 主题：人与社会·文学、艺术与体育 词数：361 难 度：★★★ 建议用时：8分钟 ［2025山东青岛二模·改编］There are a few different kinds of hockey, including ice hockey and field hockey. One of the biggest differences between the sports is the surface on which they are played. Some suggest that field hockey has been around for thousands of years. There is evidence to support that a similar game was played by ancient people in Greece and Rome. 回到目录 话题 1 话题 2 话题 3 话题 4 话题 5 60 Ice hockey has been around, officially, since the late 1800s. This is when the rules were made by J.A.Creighton. The first league was in place by the early 1900s. Later, ice hockey became an Olympic sport. Ice hockey is a team sport with six players on each of two opposing teams. The game is played on an ice rink with two goals at each end. Players, all wearing ice skates, move a disk called a puck around the ice. Their purpose is to shoot the puck into the other team’s goal. The goal is a net that is six feet wide and four feet tall. Each goal is guarded by a goalie, who is the only one that can touch the puck with his hockey stick as well as any part of his body. Goalies can even use their feet to stop the puck from getting into the net. 类型3 说明介绍类 刷话题 回到目录 话题 1 话题 2 话题 3 话题 4 话题 5 A hockey stick is what players use to move the puck. It is usually 5 to 6 feet in length with a flat blade at the end. Hockey sticks are straight sticks made of wood. The puck is made of vulcanized （硫化的） rubber, which is a much better material than the first pucks. It’s said that the first informal hockey games were played with pucks made of frozen cow waste! The modern puck is typically one inch thick and three inches in diameter. ____ Instead, the names of the winning hockey team’s players, coaches, and managers are added to the presentation cup. There are five rings of names. The oldest ring is removed when a new one is added. Today, ice hockey is the most popular team sport played on the ice all over the world.#8 【Passage 1·语篇导读】本文主要介绍了冰球运动的发展。 类型3 说明介绍类 刷话题 回到目录 话题 1 话题 2 话题 3 话题 4 话题 5 ( )1.From the passage, we know that ________ decides what kind of hockey it is. D A.the rules to follow B.the time of appearing C.the material of pucks D.the place for playing 【解析】细节理解题。根据“One of the biggest differences between the sports is the surface on which they are played.”可知，这两种运动之间最大的区别之一是它 们的比赛场地。故选D项。 类型3 说明介绍类 刷话题 回到目录 话题 1 话题 2 话题 3 话题 4 话题 5 63 ( )2. 排序题 What is the right order of the events in ice hockey’s history? a. The rules of ice hockey were made. b. Ice hockey became an Olympic sport. c. The first league of ice hockey was set up. d. Ice hockey became the most popular team sport on the ice. e. People played with frozen cow waste on the field. A A.e-a-c-b-d B.e-c-d-a-b C.a-d-e-b-c D.a-c-b-d-e 【解析】排序题。根据“It’s said that the first informal hockey games were played with pucks made of frozen cow waste!”和第二段以及最后一段可知，正确的顺序是 e-a-c-b-d。故选A项。 类型3 说明介绍类 刷话题 回到目录 话题 1 话题 2 话题 3 话题 4 话题 5 64 ( )3.Which of the following sentences is proper at the beginning of Paragraph 5? C A.Compared with other sports, all the members of the champion team can get a ring. B.Unlike other sports, the champion team can get one more cup each year. C.Unlike other sports, a new cup for the champion team isn’t created each year. D.Compared with other sports, at most five names in all can be added to the cup. 【解析】推理判断题。根据“Instead… There are five rings of names.The oldest ring is removed when a new one is added.”可知，当（奖杯上）新的一圈名字被添加时， 旧的一圈将被移除，也就是说并不是每年都会为冠军队创造一个新的奖杯。故选C项。 类型3 说明介绍类 刷话题 回到目录 话题 1 话题 2 话题 3 话题 4 话题 5 65 ( )4. 写作意图题 The main purpose of the article is ________. D A.to explain the rules of ice hockey B.to show the materials of ice hockey C.to tell us the championship of ice hockey D.to introduce the development of ice hockey 【解析】写作意图题。根据全文内容可知，本文主要介绍了冰球运动的发展。故选D项。 类型3 说明介绍类 刷话题 回到目录 话题 1 话题 2 话题 3 话题 4 话题 5 66 Passage 2 体裁：说明文 主题：人与社会·文学、艺术与体育 词数：270 难 度：★★★ 建议用时：7分钟 ［2025山东青岛一模］On November 3rd, 2024, about 30,000 runners took part in the Beijing Marathon （马拉松赛 跑）.And more than 182,000 people signed up for it in early October, which set a new record. The growing popularity of marathons in China reflects the growing love for health and fitness. As the number of participants （参加者） continues to rise, people’s love for physical activities is reaching new heights. This has not only 类型3 说明介绍类 刷话题 回到目录 话题 1 话题 2 话题 3 话题 4 话题 5 67 strengthened personal physical well-being but also done good to the goal of national fitness. The race in 2024 included competitions for professional and amateur （业余的） runners. There were also special areas for visually impaired runners.The visually impaired group was supported by sighted guides who ran alongside members in this group. Starting from Tian’anmen Square, participants ran along West Chang’an Avenue （大街） and passed by well-known sites like the Water Cube （水立方） before ending at Olympic Park Boulevard. 类型3 说明介绍类 刷话题 回到目录 话题 1 话题 2 话题 3 话题 4 话题 5 Li Jinwei, a runner from Xi’an, finished the Beijing Marathon with a time of 2 hours and 40 minutes—a nearly 9-minute improvement over his last record. Li started running in 2019.He recalled that back then few people would go out running early in the morning, but since 2023, people had become more serious about health. It’s clear that marathons in China have developed rapidly in recent years, drawing more young people in and enjoying a significant performance improvement. Today, the marathon is not just a competitive sport, but it has also become an important platform （平台） for cultural exchanges within cities.#9 类型3 说明介绍类 刷话题 回到目录 话题 1 话题 2 话题 3 话题 4 话题 5 【Passage 2·语篇导读】本文介绍了2024年北京马拉松赛跑的情况，包括参赛人数、 参赛者构成、比赛路线、优秀选手表现等，同时提到马拉松在中国越来越受欢迎， 反映了人们对健康的重视。 类型3 说明介绍类 刷话题 回到目录 话题 1 话题 2 话题 3 话题 4 话题 5 70 ( )5.Why do marathons become more popular among people according to the passage? D A.Because people want to win prizes. B.Because people enjoy outdoor activities. C.Because people want to take challenges. D.Because people care more about their health. 【解析】细节理解题。根据文章第二段的“The growing popularity of marathons in China reflects the growing love for health and fitness.”可知，马拉松在中国越来越 受欢迎，反映了人们对健康日益增长的爱。故选D项。 类型3 说明介绍类 刷话题 回到目录 话题 1 话题 2 话题 3 话题 4 话题 5 71 ( )6.What’s the meaning of the underlined words “visually impaired runners”? B A.Runners who can’t talk. B.Runners with poor eyesight. C.Runners from foreign countries. D.Runners who can’t hear the sound. 【解析】词义猜测题。根据文章第三段的“There were also special areas for visually impaired runners.The visually impaired group was supported by sighted guides who ran alongside members in this group.”可知，这个群体由视力正常的引导员陪同参赛。 由此可推断，visually impaired runners指的是视力不好的跑步者。故选B项。 类型3 说明介绍类 刷话题 回到目录 话题 1 话题 2 话题 3 话题 4 话题 5 72 ( )7. 创新性试题 Which of the following is the right route of the Beijing Marathon? A A. B. C. D. 类型3 说明介绍类 刷话题 回到目录 话题 1 话题 2 话题 3 话题 4 话题 5 73 【解析】创新性试题。根据文章第四段“Starting from Tian’anmen Square, participants ran along West Chang’an Avenue and passed by well-known sites like the Water Cube before ending at Olympic Park Boulevard.”可知，北京马拉松的路 线是从天安门广场出发，沿着西长安街跑，经过水立方等著名景点，最后在奥林匹 克公园景观大道结束。故选A项。 类型3 说明介绍类 刷话题 回到目录 话题 1 话题 2 话题 3 话题 4 话题 5 74 ( )8.What will the writer probably discuss after the last paragraph? C A.The history of marathons. B.The kinds of marathons. C.The cultural meaning of marathons. D.The standards of marathons. 【解析】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段可知，如今马拉松不仅是一项竞技运动， 还成为城市内文化交流的重要平台。由此可推断，作者接下来可能会讨论马拉松的 文化意义。故选C项。 类型3 说明介绍类 刷话题 回到目录 话题 1 话题 2 话题 3 话题 4 话题 5 75 ( )9. 写作意图题 What is the main purpose of this passage? D A.To introduce the route and participants of the 2024 Beijing Marathon. B.To analyze the reasons behind the growing popularity of marathons in China. C.To describe how marathons promote cultural exchanges in Chinese cities. D.To report the development and significance of marathons in China. 【解析】写作意图题。通读全文可知，本文提到马拉松在中国越来越受欢迎，反映 了人们对健康的关注，并且提到了马拉松不仅是竞技运动，还成为城市内文化交流 的重要平台。因此本文的主要目的是报道马拉松运动在中国的发展和重要意义。故 选D项。 类型3 说明介绍类 刷话题 回到目录 话题 1 话题 2 话题 3 话题 4 话题 5 76 话题 4 自然与环境 Passage 1 体裁：说明文 主题：人与自然·自然生态 词数：255 难度：★★ 建议用时：6分钟#1 ［2025广东东莞一模］Is the sky bluer in autumn than in summer? The answer is yes! There are some reasons behind this. The sun is lower in the sky in autumn. As the days get shorter, the sun appears lower and lower in the sky. It’s not directly above us anymore, and more of the sky is at an angle （角度） away from the sun. This lets more blue light reach our eyes, making the sky seem bluer. 回到目录 话题 1 话题 2 话题 3 话题 4 话题 5 77 In autumn, there is less water in the air, so there are fewer clouds. Autumn is known for good weather—lower temperatures and less wet air. The air does not hold much water, so clouds do not form easily. When there are few or no clouds covering the sky, the blue color of the sky shows more clearly, and the sky looks more open and bright. You might be surprised, but the colorful leaves of autumn actually help give the sky’s blue a color boost, which can make the sky seem even bluer. If you’ve made a color wheel for an art class, you will know that blue and orange are opposite colors that look good together. The red, orange, and gold leaves of autumn 类型3 说明介绍类 刷话题 回到目录 话题 1 话题 2 话题 3 话题 4 话题 5 make the blue sky stand out beautifully against them. This contrast looks nice and creates a special autumn view. So, the next time you go out enjoying the beautiful weather in autumn, take a moment to look up at the sky, remember these reasons why it looks so blue and enjoy the view!#6 【Passage 1·语篇导读】本文介绍了秋天的天空为何比夏天的更蓝。 类型3 说明介绍类 刷话题 回到目录 话题 1 话题 2 话题 3 话题 4 话题 5 ( )1.Why does the sky look bluer in autumn according to Paragraph 2? B A.Because the sun is smaller in the sky. B.Because the sun is lower. C.Because we can’t see more blue light. D.Because the sun is directly above us. 【解析】细节理解题。根据“As the days get shorter, the sun appears lower and lower in the sky… This lets more blue light reach our eyes, making the sky seem bluer.”可知，秋天太阳位置较低，这让更多蓝光进入人眼中，所以天空看起来更蓝。 故选B项。 类型3 说明介绍类 刷话题 回到目录 话题 1 话题 2 话题 3 话题 4 话题 5 80 ( )2. 创新性试题Which one shows the relationship between the water in the air （x） and the blue color of the sky （y）? B A. B. C. D. 【解析】创新性试题。根据“The air does not hold much water, so clouds do not form easily.When there are few or no clouds covering the sky, the blue color of the sky shows more clearly, and the sky looks more open and bright.”可知，空气 中水分（x）减少时，天空中的蓝色（y）增加，二者呈反比。故选B项。 类型3 说明介绍类 刷话题 回到目录 话题 1 话题 2 话题 3 话题 4 话题 5 81 ( )3.What does the underlined word “boost” mean in Paragraph 4? D A.Introduction. B.Record. C.Change. D.Improvement. 【解析】词义猜测题。根据“You might be surprised, but the colorful leaves of autumn actually help give the sky’s blue a color boost, which can make the sky seem even bluer.”可知，五颜六色的叶子使天空看起来更蓝，因此boost在文中有“增 强”之意。故选D项。 类型3 说明介绍类 刷话题 回到目录 话题 1 话题 2 话题 3 话题 4 话题 5 82 ( )4. 篇章结构题What is the structure of the passage? A A. B. C. D. 【解析】篇章结构题。通读全文可知，第一段提出了问题并引出下文，第二、三、 四段分别给出了三个原因，第五段总结全文。故选A项。 类型3 说明介绍类 刷话题 回到目录 话题 1 话题 2 话题 3 话题 4 话题 5 83 Passage 2 体裁：说明文 主题：人与自然·自然生态 词数：274 难度： ★★★ 建议用时：7分钟#1 ［2025福建泉州一模］Do you know World Wetlands Day? It falls on February 2nd every year and we welcomed the 29th World Wetlands Day in 2025, with the theme （主题） Protecting Wetlands for Our Common Future. Wetlands are areas where water covers the soil or is present either at or near the surface of the soil for different periods during the year. They are really important for a large number of reasons that you might not realize. 类型3 说明介绍类 刷话题 回到目录 话题 1 话题 2 话题 3 话题 4 话题 5 84 Wetlands, along with oceans and forests, are known as the three major ecosystems of the Earth. There are different types of wetlands. We have got things like rivers, ponds and lakes. And wetlands support various wildlife. As a matter of fact, 50% of the world’s plants and animals depend on wetlands. Wetlands act like sponges （海绵）, soaking up （吸收） water and also carbon from the air. The plants in wetlands soak up climate-changing gases as they grow. Then when the plants die, they sink into mud, catching carbon instead of letting it all returning to the air. This can help to reduce the greenhouse effect. 类型3 说明介绍类 刷话题 回到目录 话题 1 话题 2 话题 3 话题 4 话题 5 Wetlands also play an important role in the water cycle. They can store lots of water during heavy rainfall, reducing floods （洪水） in downstream areas. Then the water will flow back into rivers and streams slowly. Unfortunately, we have actually lost nearly 90% of the wetlands in the past 100 years, three times faster than forests. Do you know why? It’s things like pollution, climate change and human activities. Wetlands are important to everything, and we need to take action to protect them.#7 【Passage 2·语篇导读】本文介绍了世界湿地日，阐述了湿地的定义和重要性，同 时呼吁保护湿地。 类型3 说明介绍类 刷话题 回到目录 话题 1 话题 2 话题 3 话题 4 话题 5 ( )5. 写作手法题How does the writer lead in the topic? B A.By comparing. B.By asking a question. C.By telling a story. D.By giving an example. 【解析】写作手法题。根据“Do you know World Wetlands Day?”可知，作者通过提 问的方式引入主题。故选B项。 类型3 说明介绍类 刷话题 回到目录 话题 1 话题 2 话题 3 话题 4 话题 5 87 ( )6. 图示理解题Which picture shows the function of wetlands mentioned in Paragraph 3? A A. B. C. D. 【解析】图示理解题。根据“And wetlands support various wildlife.As a matter of fact, 50% of the world’s plants and animals depend on wetlands.”可知，湿地维持 多种野生动植物生存，A选项的图片符合题意。故选A项。 类型3 说明介绍类 刷话题 回到目录 话题 1 话题 2 话题 3 话题 4 话题 5 88 ( )7.What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 4 refer to? D A.Mud. B.Air. C.Water. D.Carbon. 【解析】词义猜测题。根据“Then when the plants die, they sink into mud, catching carbon instead of letting it all returning to the air.”可知，植物吸收碳，死亡后沉入 泥中捕获碳，不让碳回到空气中，it指代前文的carbon。故选D项。 ( )8.What’s the best title of the text? A A.A Climate Hero B.A Polluted Planet C.The Home for Wildlife D.The Development of the Earth 【解析】主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章重点讲述湿地在调节气候等方面的积极 作用，选项A能体现湿地在气候方面的重要性。故选A项。 类型3 说明介绍类 刷话题 回到目录 话题 1 话题 2 话题 3 话题 4 话题 5 89 ( )9. 后续发展题What might the writer continue talking about? C A.The types of wetlands. B.The functions of wetlands. C.The protection of wetlands. D.The importance of wetlands. 【解析】后续发展题。根据“Wetlands are important to everything, and we need to take action to protect them.”可知，文章结尾提到湿地很重要且需要采取行动保护它 们，可推测接下来很可能围绕湿地保护展开。故选C项。 类型3 说明介绍类 刷话题 回到目录 话题 1 话题 2 话题 3 话题 4 话题 5 90 话题 5 文化与习俗 Passage 1 体裁：应用文 主题：人与社会·历史、社会与文化 词数：176 难 度：★★ 建议用时：5分钟#1 ［2025吉林长春一模］Emma will go to China and Japan on business. Now she’s learning about the local customs.#2 China Japan Meeting and Greeting ▶People usually shake hands. In some places, a small nod with a smile is also common among friends. ▶People bow when they meet. The deeper the bow is, the more respect they show. 回到目录 话题 1 话题 2 话题 3 话题 4 话题 5 91 China Japan Gift Giving ▶When you visit someone’s home, fruits, tea sets, or traditional snacks are good gifts. ▶Do not give clocks, because “giving a clock” sounds like “saying goodbye to the dead” in Chinese. ▶Red-wrapped gifts are popular. ▶Wrap gifts nicely. ▶Do not give gifts in sets of four, because “four” sounds like “death” in Japanese. ▶Do not give purple gifts. 续表 类型3 说明介绍类 刷话题 回到目录 话题 1 话题 2 话题 3 话题 4 话题 5 92 China Japan Time （for a Meal） ▶Arrive on time or a little early. Being very late is not polite. ▶It is polite to arrive a few minutes early. Table Manners ▶Use chopsticks. Do not knock on bowls with chopsticks, because it means you are poor in ancient Chinese culture. ▶Use chopsticks. Do not stick chopsticks upright in rice. It is only done at funerals （葬礼）. 【Passage 1·语篇导读】本文主要介绍了埃玛在中国和日本进行商务旅行时需要注 意的习俗，包括见面问候、送礼、用餐时间和餐桌礼仪等方面。 续表 类型3 说明介绍类 刷话题 回到目录 话题 1 话题 2 话题 3 话题 4 话题 5 93 ( )1.When Emma meets a new business partner in China, she can ________. C A.kiss on the cheek B.hug C.shake hands D.bow 【解析】细节理解题。根据Meeting and Greeting部分中国一栏的“People usually shake hands.”可知，在中国与新商业伙伴见面时通常握手。故选C项。 类型3 说明介绍类 刷话题 回到目录 话题 1 话题 2 话题 3 话题 4 话题 5 94 ( )2.If Emma comes to a Chinese friend’s house, she should ________. A A.bring some traditional snacks B.avoid red-wrapped gifts C.give a clock as a gift D.give purple flowers 【解析】细节理解题。根据Gift Giving部分中国一栏的“When you visit someone’s home, fruits, tea sets, or traditional snacks are good gifts.”可知，拜访中国朋友时适 合带传统点心等礼物。故选A项。 类型3 说明介绍类 刷话题 回到目录 话题 1 话题 2 话题 3 话题 4 话题 5 95 ( )3.Emma should arrive________ if she is invited to a meal in Japan. B A.several hours early B.a few minutes early C.a few minutes late D.very late 【解析】细节理解题。根据Time （for a Meal）部分日本一栏的“It is polite to arrive a few minutes early.”可知，在日本受邀用餐时应提前几分钟到达。故选B项。 类型3 说明介绍类 刷话题 回到目录 话题 1 话题 2 话题 3 话题 4 话题 5 96 ( )4.In China, it’s good table manners to________. C A.hold a fork and knife to eat B.knock on bowls with chopsticks C.use chopsticks properly D.stick chopsticks upright in rice 【解析】细节理解题。根据Table Manners 部分中国一栏的“Use chopsticks.Do not knock on bowls with chopsticks…”可知，正确使用筷子是中国餐桌礼仪的要求。故 选C项。 类型3 说明介绍类 刷话题 回到目录 话题 1 话题 2 话题 3 话题 4 话题 5 97 Passage 2 体裁：说明文 主题：人与社会·历史、社会与文化 词数：307 难 度：★★★ 建议用时：8分钟#1 ［2025四川绵阳二模］Looking great in photos is an art form itself. And whether you’re eight years old or 80, you can usually count on one classic style before the camera clicks: “Say cheese!” But smiling in a photo has nothing to do with this tasty dairy product. The idea of “cheese” in photos first appeared around the 1940s. While no one knows exactly who came up with it or why, most believe the word itself makes you smile. The “ch” sound causes you to clench your teeth, and the long “ee” sound parts your lips, making a facial expression that resembles a grin （露齿笑）. 类型3 说明介绍类 刷话题 回到目录 话题 1 话题 2 话题 3 话题 4 话题 5 98 Back in the 19th century, only children, farmers, and people living in the countryside smiled in photographs; everyone else kept their faces expressionless, which was considered attractive and dignified （庄重的） at the time. That’s not the only reason why people didn’t smile for photos, though. For one, it took several hours or days for cameras to shoot the photograph in the first place. As you can imagine, it was hard to stay still for that long, let alone （更不用说） hold a smile. What’s more, people didn’t care about their teeth enough back in the day, and most people didn’t want to show a mouth full of missing or broken teeth. 类型3 说明介绍类 刷话题 回到目录 话题 1 话题 2 话题 3 话题 4 话题 5 However, the trend of these serious-looking photos didn’t last for long. The invention of Kodak’s No.1 camera in the 1900s, along with the rise of the Hollywood movie industry, allowed more and more “everyday” moments to be recorded in photos. Therefore, smiling in photographs became the rule—and so did saying “cheese”.#5 【Passage 2·语篇导读】本文主要介绍了拍照时人们常说“cheese”的原因。 类型3 说明介绍类 刷话题 回到目录 话题 1 话题 2 话题 3 话题 4 话题 5 ( )5.What is your photo like when you say the word “cheese”? A A.You seem to have a smiling face. B.You speak clearly. C.You open your mouth. D.You seem to be eating cheese. 【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段的“… most believe the word itself makes you smile.The ‘ch’ sound causes you to clench your teeth, and the long ‘ee’ sound parts your lips, making a facial expression that resembles a grin.”可知，说这个词时 你看起来像在微笑。 类型3 说明介绍类 刷话题 回到目录 话题 1 话题 2 话题 3 话题 4 话题 5 101 ( )6.What does the author mainly talk about in Paragraph 3? C A.The time length of photographing. B.The seriousness of people’s dental problems. C.The reasons for serious-looking faces in photos. D.The meaning of different facial expressions in photos. 【解析】主旨大意题。根据第三段可知，拍照没有表情在当时被认为是有吸引力和 端庄的，拍照时间长和牙齿问题也是人们不笑着拍照的原因，所以本段谈论的是照 片中人们表情严肃的原因。故选C项。 类型3 说明介绍类 刷话题 回到目录 话题 1 话题 2 话题 3 话题 4 话题 5 102 ( )7.What mainly increased the popularity of “saying cheese” during photographing? D A.The traditional trend. B.The beauty of smiling. C.The changing opinions. D.The technological progress. 【解析】推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，新相机的发明和好莱坞影业的崛起使越 来越多的日常时刻被记录在照片中，因此照片中的笑容成为常态。故选D项。 类型3 说明介绍类 刷话题 回到目录 话题 1 话题 2 话题 3 话题 4 话题 5 103 ( )8.Which can be the best title for the passage? C A.What Is the Standard Camera Pose? B.Who First Used “Cheese” in Taking Pictures? C.Why Do We Say “Cheese” When Taking Pictures? D.What Expressions Were Fit for Photos in the Past? 【解析】主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了拍照时人们常说“cheese”的原 因。故选C项。 类型3 说明介绍类 刷话题 回到目录 话题 1 话题 2 话题 3 话题 4 话题 5 104 ( )9. 文章出处题Where does the passage probably come from? C A.A technology report. B.Science fiction. C.A culture magazine. D.A guidebook. 【解析】文章出处题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了拍照表情的变化以及说 “cheese”的原因，属于文化范畴。故选C项。 类型3 说明介绍类 刷话题 回到目录 话题 1 话题 2 话题 3 话题 4 话题 5 105 C 检测验收练 106 Passage 1 体裁：说明文 主题：人与自然·自然生态 词数：206 难度：★★ 建议用时：5分钟#1 ［2025辽宁铁岭一模］Have you ever seen a baby butterfly? If you have seen a caterpillar （毛虫）, then you have! Butterflies start their lives as worm-like caterpillars. This is called the larva stage. Butterflies lay eggs on plants. Some types of butterflies lay only one egg at a time. Other types lay up to a few hundred at a time! Caterpillars hatch from the eggs. They are very tiny at first. The main job for caterpillars is to eat a lot and grow. They eat the leaves of the plant where they hatched. 类型3 说明介绍类 刷速度 回到目录 107 Caterpillars then begin the pupa （蛹） stage. They form a cocoon around themselves. Some types of caterpillars stay in their cocoons for only a few days. Other types stay inside for many months. But all of them go through an amazing change! This change is called a metamorphosis. After the metamorphosis is done, they come out of their cocoons. But they are no longer worm-like babies! They are adult butterflies. They have beautiful wings. Adult butterflies do not live very long. Most of them live only two to four weeks. None of them live more than one year. So they start laying eggs right away. The cycle starts again!#5 【Passage 1·语篇导读】本文主要介绍了蝴蝶的生命周期。 类型3 说明介绍类 刷速度 回到目录 ( )1.What does the underlined phrase “hatch from” mean in Paragraph 2? B A.Join in. B.Come out of. C.Stay away from. D.Look for. 【解析】词义猜测题。根据“Caterpillars hatch from the eggs.”可知，毛毛虫从卵中 孵化出来，因此画线词语与come out of（从……中出来）同义。故选B项。 类型3 说明介绍类 刷速度 回到目录 109 ( )2. 排序题Which of the following is right about a butterfly’s lifetime? C A.caterpillars→eggs→cocoons→butterflies B.caterpillars→cocoons→eggs→butterflies C.eggs→caterpillars→cocoons→butterflies D.eggs→cocoons→caterpillars→butterflies 【解析】排序题。根据“Butterflies lay eggs on plants.”“Caterpillars hatch from the eggs.”“Caterpillars then begin the pupa stage.They form a cocoon around themselves.”和“After the metamorphosis is done… They are adult butterflies.”可知， 蝴蝶的一生经历了从卵（eggs）到毛毛虫（caterpillars），再到茧（cocoons），最后 变成蝴蝶（butterflies）的过程。故选C项。 类型3 说明介绍类 刷速度 回到目录 110 ( )3.Why do adult butterflies lay eggs at once? A A.They live short. B.They can lay more. C.They need to fly away. D.They will turn into caterpillars. 【解析】细节理解题。根据“Adult butterflies do not live very long.Most of them live only two to four weeks.None of them live more than one year.So they start laying eggs right away.”可知，成年蝴蝶立刻产卵是因为它们的寿命很短。故选A项。 ( )4.What can be the best title for the text? A A.The Life Cycle of the Butterfly B.Types of Butterflies C.Habits of the Butterfly D.Changes of Butterflies 【解析】主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了蝴蝶的生命周期。故选A项。 类型3 说明介绍类 刷速度 回到目录 111 Passage 2 体裁：说明文 主题：人与社会·历史、社会与文化 词数：198 难 度：★★ 建议用时：5分钟#1 ［2025四川达州二模］ Frost’s Descent （霜降）—The Last Solar Term of Autumn Frost’s Descent （Shuāngjiàng）, the 18th of the 24 Solar Terms （节气）, usually falls on October 23rd or 24th. It marks the transition from autumn to winter, when the weather becomes colder, and frost begins to appear on the ground in northern China.#3.1 类型3 说明介绍类 刷速度 回到目录 112 In ancient times, farmers considered Frost’s Descent a critical time for harvesting late crops like sweet potatoes and persimmons （柿子）.People believed that eating persimmons during this period could protect them from colds and keep their lips from cracking （裂开） in the dry weather. There is even a saying: “Eat persimmons at Frost’s Descent, and you won’t catch a cold in winter.” Besides farming, this solar term also influences daily life. People start wearing warmer clothes and drinking hot tea to stay healthy. In southern China, it is common to enjoy chrysanthemums （菊花）, which bloom beautifully during this season.#3.3 类型3 说明介绍类 刷速度 回到目录 113 Although modern life no longer depends heavily on the solar terms, Frost’s Descent remains a poetic reminder of nature’s changes, encouraging people to slow down and enjoy the beauty of late autumn.#3.4 【Passage 2·语篇导读】本文主要介绍了霜降这一节气，包括它的时间、在古代对 农事的影响、对人们日常生活的影响以及在现代的意义。 类型3 说明介绍类 刷速度 回到目录 114 ( )5.When does Frost’s Descent usually come? B A.In early September. B.In late October. C.In mid-November. D.In early December. 【解析】推理判断题。根据“Frost’s Descent （Shuāngjiàng）, the 18th of the 24 Solar Terms, usually falls on October 23rd or 24th.”可知，霜降通常在十月下旬。 故选B项。 类型3 说明介绍类 刷速度 回到目录 115 ( )6.What was the traditional belief about eating persimmons at Frost’s Descent? B A.It helped people sleep better. B.It prevented colds and dry lips. C.It made food taste sweeter. D.It improved eyesight. 【解析】细节理解题。根据“People believed that eating persimmons during this period could protect them from colds and keep their lips from cracking in the dry weather.”可知，人们认为在霜降期间吃柿子可以预防感冒，并且防止嘴唇在干燥的 天气中开裂。故选B项。 类型3 说明介绍类 刷速度 回到目录 116 ( )7.How do people adapt （适应） to the colder weather during Frost’s Descent? C A.By traveling to warmer places. B.By wearing lighter clothes. C.By drinking hot tea and dressing warmly. D.By staying indoors all day. 【解析】细节理解题。根据“People start wearing warmer clothes and drinking hot tea to stay healthy.”可知，为了适应更冷的天气，人们在霜降期间穿更暖和的衣服和 喝热茶。故选C项。 类型3 说明介绍类 刷速度 回到目录 117 ( )8. 写作意图题What is the main purpose of this passage? B A.To explain modern farming techniques. B.To describe the customs and meaning of Frost’s Descent. C.To compare different solar terms. D.To discuss the weather change in autumn. 【解析】写作意图题。文章开篇介绍了霜降的时间，接着阐述了它在古代的重要性， 然后说明了这个节气对人们日常生活的影响，最后提到虽然现代生活不再严重依赖 节气，但霜降仍然是对自然变化的诗意提醒。文章整体围绕霜降的习俗和意义展开。 故选B项。 类型3 说明介绍类 刷速度 回到目录 118 ( )9. 文章出处题Where is this passage from? D A.A novel. B.Science fiction. C.A music book. D.A science book. 【解析】文章出处题。文章主要介绍了霜降这一节气的相关知识，属于自然科学范 畴。故选D项。 类型3 说明介绍类 刷速度 回到目录 119 $