2026年北京市中考英语动词短语专项练习题

2026年北京市中考英语动词短语专项练习题 基础练习 备选短语： make sense of, deal with, pay attention to, set up, think over, put off, get along with, remind of, keep up with, take care of, look after, hear from, burst into tears, run out of, point out, get ready for, turn down, wake up, take notes, agree with, break down, pass away, fall off, call on, put out, express oneself, try out, compare with, give up, calm down 请从上述备选短语中选择合适的，填入下列句子的空白处。 1. The little girl ______ her sick grandma every day after school. 2. Please ______ the new word in the dictionary if you don’t know its meaning. 3. We need to ______ the meeting because most members are busy this afternoon. 4. Tom ______ the invitation to the party since he has to finish his homework. 5. All students must ______ their test papers before leaving the classroom. 6. My best friend always ______ me when I face difficulties in English learning. 7. You should ______ the teacher’s pronunciation when you practice speaking. 8. They plan to ______ a reading club to share interesting books with classmates. 9. The old photo ______ my happy childhood in the countryside. 10. Don’t ______ your dream even if you meet many challenges on the way. 11. She ______ when she heard the sad news about her favorite author. 12. Could you ______ me ______ at 6 o’clock tomorrow morning? I have an early exam. 13. It’s important to ______ your classmates to create a friendly study environment. 14. We ______ time, so we must finish the group project as soon as possible. 15. The teacher helped ______ my mistakes in the writing exercise. 16. Many students ______ the English speech competition to improve their speaking skills. 17. Before making a decision, you’d better ______ the problem carefully. 18. Firefighters worked hard to ______ the big fire in the forest last week. 19. He tried his best to ______ his classmates in study and finally caught up with them. 20. My parents often encourage me to ______ new things instead of staying in my comfort zone. 21. I ______ my pen pal from Australia last month; she told me about her school life. 22. The nurse ______ the sick child carefully during his stay in the hospital. 23. The old man ______ peacefully in his sleep after a lifetime of hard work. 24. His bike ______ on the way to school, so he was late for the first class. 25. Do you ______ me that we should spend more time reading classic books? 26. She ______ the bike yesterday and hurt her knee slightly. 27. You’d better ______ in class so that you can review the key points after school. 28. The volunteers often ______ the elderly in the community on weekends. 29. In art class, the teacher encouraged us to ______ freely through painting. 30. We need to ______ this plan again before we put it into practice. 最新试题 备选短语： refer to, dream of, take charge of, adapt to, keep an eye on, come across, add up, break out, carry on, depend on, figure out, get rid of, go through, hand over, join in, keep up with, leave out, make up for, pay off, put forward, set off, take advantage of, turn out, work out, call off, deal with, fall behind, give in, look into, stand for, looks forward to, make a difference, stick to 请从上述备选短语中选择合适的，填入下列句子的空白处。 1. The little girl ______ her sick grandma every day after school.（改编自2025北京房山初三（上）期中英语） 2. Please ______ the dictionary if you don’t know the exact meaning of the word.（改编自2025北京海淀初三（上）期中英语） 3. It took Tom a long time to ______ the new school life after moving to the city.（改编自2025北京密云初三（上）期中英语） 4. Everyone can ______ to protecting the environment by reducing plastic use.（改编自2025北京仁和中学初三（上）期中英语） 5. Students are required to ______ their homework before the class starts.（改编自2025北京三帆中学初三（上）期中英语） 6. My brother ______ being a professional basketball player and trains hard every week.（改编自2025北京十五中初三（上）期中英语） 7. She ______ her room every Sunday to keep it tidy and organized.（改编自2025北京通州初三（上）期中英语） 8. With the teacher’s help, Lily has ______ the math problems that troubled her.（改编自2025北京五中分校初三（上）期中英语） 9. Don’t ______ when you meet difficulties; your efforts will finally ______.（改编自2025北京延庆初三（上）期中英语） 10. We need to ______ a practical plan to solve the problem of food waste in our school.（改编自2025北京一六一中初三（上）期中英语） 11. The old couple ______ their grandchildren’s visit during the Spring Festival.（改编自2025北京房山初三（上）期中英语） 12. Young people should ______ physical activities to keep healthy.（改编自2025北京海淀初三（上）期中英语） 13. You must ______ all the details when writing the report; don’t ______ anything important.（改编自2025北京密云初三（上）期中英语） 14. The team ______ the difficult task and finally succeeded after months of hard work.（改编自2025北京仁和中学初三（上）期中英语） 15. She ______ an old friend while shopping in the supermarket yesterday.（改编自2025北京三帆中学初三（上）期中英语） 16. The sports meeting was ______ because of the heavy rain, which made students very disappointed.（改编自2025北京十五中初三（上）期中英语） 17. We need to ______ how to improve our English speaking skills in a short time.（改编自2025北京通州初三（上）期中英语） 18. He ______ a lot of difficulties when starting his own business, but he never gave up.（改编自2025北京五中分校初三（上）期中英语） 19. If you don’t study hard, you will ______ your classmates soon.（改编自2025北京延庆初三（上）期中英语） 20. The police promised to ______ the case carefully and find out the truth.（改编自2025北京一六一中初三（上）期中英语） 21. The sign “No Littering” ______ that we must keep the park clean.（改编自2025北京房山初三（上）期中英语） 22. She tried her best to ______ the time she had wasted before the exam.（改编自2025北京海淀初三（上）期中英语） 23. A big fire ______ in the forest last night, but firefighters put it out quickly.（改编自2025北京密云初三（上）期中英语） 24. You should ______ the good weather to go for a picnic this weekend.（改编自2025北京仁和中学初三（上）期中英语） 25. The manager ______ the project to his assistant before going on vacation.（改编自2025北京三帆中学初三（上）期中英语） 26. It ______ that the stranger we met yesterday is our new neighbor.（改编自2025北京十五中初三（上）期中英语） 27. He ______ his fear of speaking in public by joining the English club.（改编自2025北京通州初三（上）期中英语） 28. We must ______ the traffic rules strictly to avoid accidents.（改编自2025北京五中分校初三（上）期中英语） 29. They ______ early in the morning to catch the first train to Beijing.（改编自2025北京延庆初三（上）期中英语） 30. With the help of his teacher, he finally ______ the secret of learning math well.（改编自2025北京一六一中初三（上）期中英语） 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2026年北京市中考英语动词短语专项练习题（解析） 基础练习 备选短语： make sense of, deal with, pay attention to, set up, think over, put off, get along with, remind of, keep up with, take care of, look after, hear from, burst into tears, run out of, point out, get ready for, turn down, wake up, take notes, agree with, break down, pass away, fall off, call on, put out, express oneself, try out, compare with, give up, calm down 请从上述备选短语中选择合适的，填入下列句子的空白处。 1. The little girl ______ her sick grandma every day after school. 【答案】takes care of 【解析】“take care of”意为“照顾、照料”，符合句意。主语是第三人称单数，故用“takes care of”。 【翻译】这个小女孩每天放学后都照顾她生病的奶奶。 2. Please ______ the new word in the dictionary if you don’t know its meaning. 【答案】look up 【解析】“look up”意为“（在词典中）查找”，符合“不认识单词就查字典”的语境。 【翻译】如果你不认识这个生词的意思，请在字典里查找它。 3. We need to ______ the meeting because most members are busy this afternoon. 【答案】put off 【解析】“put off”意为“推迟、延期”，符合“因成员忙碌而需要推迟会议”的逻辑。 【翻译】我们需要推迟会议，因为大多数成员今天下午都很忙。 4. Tom ______ the invitation to the party since he has to finish his homework. 【答案】turned down 【解析】“turn down”意为“拒绝（邀请等）”，结合“必须完成作业”的原因，符合语境。 【翻译】汤姆拒绝了派对邀请，因为他必须完成作业。 5. All students must ______ their test papers before leaving the classroom. 【答案】hand in 【解析】“hand in”意为“上交、提交”，符合“离开教室前必须交卷”的规定场景。 【翻译】所有学生必须在离开教室前上交他们的试卷。 6. My best friend always ______ me when I face difficulties in English learning. 【答案】encourages 【解析】“encourage”意为“鼓励”，符合“朋友在遇到困难时鼓励我”的语境。主语是第三人称单数，故用“encourages”。 【翻译】当我在英语学习中遇到困难时，我最好的朋友总是鼓励我。 7. You should ______ the teacher’s pronunciation when you practice speaking. 【答案】pay attention to 【解析】“pay attention to”意为“注意、关注”，符合“练习口语时应关注老师发音”的建议。 【翻译】练习口语时，你应该关注老师的发音。 8. They plan to ______ a reading club to share interesting books with classmates. 【答案】set up 【解析】“set up”意为“建立、创办”，符合“计划成立阅读俱乐部”的语境。 【翻译】他们计划成立一个阅读俱乐部，和同学们分享有趣的书籍。 9. The old photo ______ my happy childhood in the countryside. 【答案】reminds me of 【解析】“remind sb. of sth.”意为“使某人想起某事”。主语是“photo”，需用“reminds me of”。 【翻译】这张老照片让我想起了在乡村的快乐童年。 10. Don’t ______ your dream even if you meet many challenges on the way. 【答案】give up 【解析】“give up”意为“放弃”，符合“即使遇到挑战也不放弃梦想”的语境。 【翻译】即使在路上遇到很多挑战，也不要放弃你的梦想。 11. She ______ when she heard the sad news about her favorite author. 【答案】burst into tears 【解析】“burst into tears”是固定短语，意为“突然大哭”，符合“听到坏消息后哭泣”的场景。 【翻译】当她听到关于她最喜欢的作者的坏消息时，突然大哭起来。 12. Could you ______ me ______ at 6 o’clock tomorrow morning? I have an early exam. 【答案】wake; up 【解析】“wake sb. up”意为“叫醒某人”，符合“有早考需要被叫醒”的请求。 【翻译】你能明天早上6点叫醒我吗？我有一场早考。 13. It’s important to ______ your classmates to create a friendly study environment. 【答案】get along with 【解析】“get along with”意为“与……和睦相处”，符合“为营造友好环境而与同学融洽相处”的语境。 【翻译】与同学和睦相处很重要，这样才能营造友好的学习环境。 14. We ______ time, so we must finish the group project as soon as possible. 【答案】are running out of / have run out of 【解析】“run out of”意为“用完、耗尽”。“are running out of”表示“快用完了”，“have run out of”表示“已用完”，都符合“必须尽快完成项目”的紧迫逻辑。 【翻译】我们快没时间了/我们已经没时间了，所以必须尽快完成小组项目。 15. The teacher helped ______ my mistakes in the writing exercise. 【答案】(to) point out 【解析】“point out”意为“指出、指明”。“help (to) do sth.”结构表示“帮助做某事”，符合“老师帮助指出错误”的场景。 【翻译】老师帮助指出了我写作练习中的错误。 16. Many students ______ the English speech competition to improve their speaking skills. 【答案】take part in 【解析】“take part in”意为“参加（活动、竞赛等）”，符合“学生参加演讲比赛以提高口语”的语境。 【翻译】许多学生参加英语演讲比赛来提高他们的口语技能。 17. Before making a decision, you’d better ______ the problem carefully. 【答案】think over 【解析】“think over”意为“仔细考虑”，符合“做决定前应仔细思考问题”的建议。 【翻译】做决定之前，你最好仔细考虑一下这个问题。 18. Firefighters worked hard to ______ the big fire in the forest last week. 【答案】put out 【解析】“put out”意为“扑灭（火）”，是固定搭配，符合“消防员扑灭森林大火”的场景。 【翻译】上周，消防员们努力扑灭了森林里的大火。 19. He tried his best to ______ his classmates in study and finally caught up with them. 【答案】keep up with 【解析】“keep up with”意为“跟上、赶上”，符合“努力在学习上跟上同学”的语境。 【翻译】他努力在学习上跟上同学们，最终赶上了他们。 20. My parents often encourage me to ______ new things instead of staying in my comfort zone. 【答案】try out 【解析】“encourage sb. to do sth.”意为“鼓励某人做某事”，“try out”意为“尝试”。备选短语中“encourage”更贴合“父母鼓励”的常见语境。 【翻译】我的父母经常鼓励我尝试新事物，而不是待在舒适区里。 21. I ______ my pen pal from Australia last month; she told me about her school life. 【答案】heard from 【解析】“hear from”意为“收到……的来信、消息”，用过去式“heard from”符合“上个月”的时间。 【翻译】上个月我收到了来自澳大利亚的笔友的来信，她跟我讲了她的学校生活。 22. The nurse ______ the sick child carefully during his stay in the hospital. 【答案】looked after 【解析】“look after”意为“照顾、照料”，符合“护士在医院照顾生病孩子”的场景。 【翻译】这个孩子住院期间，护士细心地照顾他。 23. The old man ______ peacefully in his sleep after a lifetime of hard work. 【答案】passed away 【解析】“pass away”意为“去世、逝世”，是委婉表达，符合“老人安详离世”的语境。 【翻译】这位老人辛勤工作了一辈子，最终在睡梦中安详离世。 24. His bike ______ on the way to school, so he was late for the first class. 【答案】broke down 【解析】“break down”意为“（车辆等）出故障、抛锚”，用过去式“broke down”符合语境。 【翻译】他的自行车在上学路上出了故障，所以他第一节课迟到了。 25. Do you ______ me that we should spend more time reading classic books? 【答案】agree with 【解析】“agree with sb.”意为“同意某人（的观点）”，符合询问对方是否同意的句式。 【翻译】你同意我的观点吗？我们应该花更多时间读名著。 26. She ______ the bike yesterday and hurt her knee slightly. 【答案】fell off 【解析】“fall off”意为“从……上摔下来”，用过去式“fell off”符合“昨天摔伤”的语境。 【翻译】她昨天从自行车上摔了下来，膝盖轻微受伤。 27. You’d better ______ in class so that you can review the key points after school. 【答案】take notes 【解析】“take notes”意为“记笔记”，符合“为课后复习而在课堂上记笔记”的学习建议。 【翻译】你最好在课堂上记笔记，这样放学后就能复习重点了。 28. The volunteers often ______ the elderly in the community on weekends. 【答案】call on 【解析】“call on”意为“拜访、探望”，符合“志愿者周末探望社区老人”的语境。 【翻译】志愿者们经常在周末去探望社区里的老人。 29. In art class, the teacher encouraged us to ______ freely through painting. 【答案】express ourselves 【解析】“express oneself”意为“表达自己”，根据主语“us”，用反身代词“ourselves”。 【翻译】美术课上，老师鼓励我们通过绘画自由地表达自己。 30. We need to ______ this plan again before we put it into practice. 【答案】think over 【解析】“think over”意为“仔细考虑”。 【翻译】在实施这个计划之前，我们需要再仔细考虑/检查一遍。 最新试题 备选短语： refer to, dream of, take charge of, adapt to, keep an eye on, come across, add up, break out, carry on, depend on, figure out, get rid of, go through, hand over, join in, keep up with, leave out, make up for, pay off, put forward, set off, take advantage of, turn out, work out, call off, deal with, fall behind, give in, look into, stand for, looks forward to, make a difference, stick to 请从上述备选短语中选择合适的，填入下列句子的空白处。 1. The little girl ______ her sick grandma every day after school.（改编自2025北京房山初三（上）期中英语） 【答案】keeps an eye on 【解析】“keep an eye on”表示“照看、留意”，主语为第三人称单数，故用keeps an eye on。 【翻译】这个小女孩每天放学后都照看她生病的奶奶。 2. Please ______ the dictionary if you don’t know the exact meaning of the word.（改编自2025北京海淀初三（上）期中英语） 【答案】refer to 【解析】“refer to”特指“查阅（书籍、资料）”，符合“遇到生词查字典”的学习场景。 【翻译】如果你不知道这个词的确切意思，请查阅字典。 3. It took Tom a long time to ______ the new school life after moving to the city.（改编自2025北京密云初三（上）期中英语） 【答案】adapt to 【解析】“adapt to”表示“适应”，贴合“搬到新城市后适应学校生活”的语境。 【翻译】汤姆搬到城市后，花了很长时间才适应新的学校生活。 4. Everyone can ______ to protecting the environment by reducing plastic use.（改编自2025北京仁和中学初三（上）期中英语） 【答案】make a difference 【解析】“make a difference”意为“产生影响、发挥作用”，符合“通过减少塑料使用为环保做贡献”的逻辑。 【翻译】每个人都可以通过减少塑料使用，为保护环境发挥作用。 5. Students are required to ______ their homework before the class starts.（改编自2025北京三帆中学初三（上）期中英语） 【答案】hand over 【解析】“hand over”意为“提交、移交”，是课堂场景中“上交作业”的常用表达。 【翻译】学生们被要求在上课前提交作业。 6. My brother ______ being a professional basketball player and trains hard every week.（改编自2025北京十五中初三（上）期中英语） 【答案】dreams of 【解析】“dream of”表示“梦想成为”，结合“刻苦训练”的语境，贴合“追求职业梦想”的逻辑。 【翻译】我哥哥梦想成为一名职业篮球运动员，每周都刻苦训练。 7. She ______ her room every Sunday to keep it tidy and organized.（改编自2025北京通州初三（上）期中英语） 【答案】gets rid of 【解析】“get rid of”意为“清理、清除（杂物）”，符合“每周日打扫房间保持整洁”的日常场景。 【翻译】她每周日都清理房间，保持房间整洁有序。 8. With the teacher’s help, Lily has ______ the math problems that troubled her.（改编自2025北京五中分校初三（上）期中英语） 【答案】figured out 【解析】“figure out”表示“解决、弄明白”，结合“老师帮助”的背景，贴合“攻克数学难题”的语境。 【翻译】在老师的帮助下，莉莉已经解决了那些困扰她的数学题。 9. Don’t ______ when you meet difficulties; your efforts will finally ______.（改编自2025北京延庆初三（上）期中英语） 【答案】give in; pay off 【解析】“give in”意为“屈服、放弃”，“pay off”意为“得到回报”，符合“遇到困难不放弃，努力终有回报”的鼓励性语境。 【翻译】遇到困难时不要屈服，你的努力终将得到回报。 10. We need to ______ a practical plan to solve the problem of food waste in our school.（改编自2025北京一六一中初三（上）期中英语） 【答案】put forward 【解析】“put forward”意为“提出（计划、建议）”，符合“制定解决校园食物浪费问题的方案”的语境。 【翻译】我们需要提出一个切实可行的计划来解决我们学校的食物浪费问题。 11. The old couple ______ their grandchildren’s visit during the Spring Festival.（改编自2025北京房山初三（上）期中英语） 【答案】looks forward to 【解析】“look forward to”表示“期待”，主语为复数，故用look forward to。 【翻译】这对老夫妇期待着孙辈们春节期间的来访。 12. Young people should ______ physical activities to keep healthy.（改编自2025北京海淀初三（上）期中英语） 【答案】join in 【解析】“join in”意为“参加（活动）”，符合“年轻人参与体育活动保持健康”的逻辑。 【翻译】年轻人应该参加体育活动以保持健康。 13. You must ______ all the details when writing the report; don’t ______ anything important.（改编自2025北京密云初三（上）期中英语） 【答案】add up; leave out 【解析】“add up”意为“把……加起来、核对”，“leave out”意为“遗漏”，贴合“写报告时核对细节不遗漏重要信息”的场景。 【翻译】写报告时你必须核对所有细节，不要遗漏任何重要内容。 14. The team ______ the difficult task and finally succeeded after months of hard work.（改编自2025北京仁和中学初三（上）期中英语） 【答案】carried on 【解析】“carry on”意为“继续进行”，符合“团队坚持完成艰巨任务”的语境。 【翻译】这个团队坚持完成了这项艰巨的任务，经过数月的努力最终成功了。 15. She ______ an old friend while shopping in the supermarket yesterday.（改编自2025北京三帆中学初三（上）期中英语） 【答案】came across 【解析】“come across”意为“偶然遇见”，结合“昨天购物”的时间提示，用过去式came across。 【翻译】她昨天在超市购物时偶然遇到了一位老朋友。 16. The sports meeting was ______ because of the heavy rain, which made students very disappointed.（改编自2025北京十五中初三（上）期中英语） 【答案】called off 【解析】“call off”意为“取消”，符合“因大雨取消运动会”的语境。 【翻译】由于大雨，运动会被取消了，这让学生们非常失望。 17. We need to ______ how to improve our English speaking skills in a short time.（改编自2025北京通州初三（上）期中英语） 【答案】work out 【解析】“work out”意为“想出、制定出”，贴合“寻找提升口语的方法”的语境。 【翻译】我们需要想出如何在短时间内提高英语口语能力。 18. He ______ a lot of difficulties when starting his own business, but he never gave up.（改编自2025北京五中分校初三（上）期中英语） 【答案】went through 【解析】“go through”意为“经历、经受”，结合“创业”的背景，用过去式went through。 【翻译】他创业时经历了很多困难，但他从未放弃。 19. If you don’t study hard, you will ______ your classmates soon.（改编自2025北京延庆初三（上）期中英语） 【答案】fall behind 【解析】“fall behind”意为“落后于”，符合“不努力学习就会落后”的逻辑。 【翻译】如果你不努力学习，你很快就会落后于你的同学。 20. The police promised to ______ the case carefully and find out the truth.（改编自2025北京一六一中初三（上）期中英语） 【答案】look into 【解析】“look into”意为“调查”，符合“警方调查案件查明真相”的语境。 【翻译】警方承诺仔细调查这个案件，找出真相。 21. The sign “No Littering” ______ that we must keep the park clean.（改编自2025北京房山初三（上）期中英语） 【答案】stands for 【解析】“stand for”意为“代表、意味着”，主语为单数，故用stands for。 【翻译】“禁止乱扔垃圾”的标志意味着我们必须保持公园干净。 22. She tried her best to ______ the time she had wasted before the exam.（改编自2025北京海淀初三（上）期中英语） 【答案】make up for 【解析】“make up for”意为“弥补、补偿”，贴合“考试前弥补浪费的时间”的语境。 【翻译】她尽力弥补考试前浪费的时间。 23. A big fire ______ in the forest last night, but firefighters put it out quickly.（改编自2025北京密云初三（上）期中英语） 【答案】broke out 【解析】“break out”意为“爆发（火灾、战争等）”，结合“昨晚”的时间提示，用过去式broke out。 【翻译】昨晚森林里爆发了一场大火，但消防员很快就把它扑灭了。 24. You should ______ the good weather to go for a picnic this weekend.（改编自2025北京仁和中学初三（上）期中英语） 【答案】take advantage of 【解析】“take advantage of”意为“利用”，符合“利用好天气周末野餐”的逻辑。 【翻译】你应该利用好天气，这周末去野餐。 25. The manager ______ the project to his assistant before going on vacation.（改编自2025北京三帆中学初三（上）期中英语） 【答案】handed over 【解析】“hand over”意为“移交、托付”，结合“度假前”的语境，用过去式handed over。 【翻译】经理度假前把项目移交给了他的助手。 26. It ______ that the stranger we met yesterday is our new neighbor.（改编自2025北京十五中初三（上）期中英语） 【答案】turns out 【解析】“turn out”意为“结果是、原来是”，主语为it，故用turns out。 【翻译】结果我们昨天遇到的那个陌生人是我们的新邻居。 27. He ______ his fear of speaking in public by joining the English club.（改编自2025北京通州初三（上）期中英语） 【答案】got rid of 【解析】“get rid of”意为“摆脱、克服”，贴合“通过加入英语俱乐部克服公开演讲恐惧”的语境。 【翻译】他通过加入英语俱乐部，克服了公开演讲的恐惧。 28. We must ______ the traffic rules strictly to avoid accidents.（改编自2025北京五中分校初三（上）期中英语） 【答案】stick to 【解析】“stick to”意为“遵守、坚持”，符合“严格遵守交通规则防事故”的逻辑。 【翻译】我们必须严格遵守交通规则，以避免事故发生。 29. They ______ early in the morning to catch the first train to Beijing.（改编自2025北京延庆初三（上）期中英语） 【答案】set off 【解析】“set off”意为“出发、启程”，结合“赶早班车”的语境，用过去式set off。 【翻译】他们一大早出发，去赶前往北京的第一班火车。 30. With the help of his teacher, he finally ______ the secret of learning math well.（改编自2025北京一六一中初三（上）期中英语） 【答案】figured out 【解析】“figure out”意为“弄明白、发现”，贴合“在老师帮助下找到学好数学的秘诀”的语境。 【翻译】在老师的帮助下，他终于弄明白了学好数学的秘诀。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $