专题09 名词性从句(语法知识)-2026年中考英语一轮系统化复习讲练(浙江专用)

2025-12-05
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学段 初中
学科 英语
教材版本 -
年级 九年级
章节 -
类型 教案-讲义
知识点 -
使用场景 中考复习-一轮复习
学年 2026-2027
地区(省份) 浙江省
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地区(区县) -
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发布时间 2025-12-05
更新时间 2025-12-05
作者 2020SKY
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审核时间 2025-12-05
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2026年中考英语一轮系统化复习讲练(浙江专用) 专题09 名词性从句 目录清单 第一部分 中考考题再现回顾题型 锚点方向 第二部分 核心知识清单锁定基础 高效学习 第三部分 核心考点解析考点精析 能力巩固 第四部分 要点强化训练深度强化 扫清盲区 ◇Part 01 中考考题再现 1.(2023・浙江台州)You can never imagine ______ happy you will be after that. 答案:how 解析:考查宾语从句连接词。此处宾语从句中修饰形容词 happy,应用连接副词 how,意为 “多么”。 2.(2023・浙江绍兴)“It is an unusual experience for me, because I have never really experienced ______ this problem is like,” she said.(根据原文语境调整) 答案:what 解析:考查宾语从句连接词。此处宾语从句中缺少宾语,指代问题的情况,应用连接代词 what。 3.(2023・浙江)And now, 2,000 years later, people around the world come here to see ______ people lived all those years ago. 答案:how 解析:考查宾语从句连接词。此处宾语从句中表示方式,应用连接副词 how,意为 “如何,怎样”。 ◇Part 02 核心知识清单 名词性从句是在句中起名词作用的从句,功能相当于名词词组,可充当主语、宾语、表语、同位语四大成分,因此分为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句四类。在实际运用中,这些从句常常出现在各类英语句子中,掌握它们的用法对于准确理解和表达英语至关重要。 一、引导词体系:三类核心连接词 所有名词性从句均由引导词引导,按功能分为三类:这三类引导词就像开启不同从句大门的钥匙,每一把都有独特的用途和特点。 1.连接词:that(无意义,不充当成分)、if/whether(表 “是否”,不充当成分)。其中,that 是最基础的连接词,在从句中仅起到连接作用,就像一个默默的 “桥梁搭建者”,比如在句子 “That the sun rises in the east is common knowledge.” 中,that 引导主语从句,本身没有实际意义,也不参与从句成分的构成;而 if 和 whether 虽然都表示 “是否”,但使用场景有所不同,这在后续的具体从句讲解中会详细说明。 2.连接代词:what/who/which/whose/whatever 等(在从句中作主语、宾语或定语)。这些连接代词具有实际的指代意义,在从句中承担重要的语法成分,例如 “What you need is more practice.” 中,what 既引导从句,又在从句中作 need 的宾语,指代 “需要的东西”。 3.连接副词:when/where/why/how 等(在从句中作时间、地点、原因、方式状语)。它们在从句中用于说明动作发生的时间、地点、原因或方式,如 “I don’t know when he will come back.” 中,when 引导宾语从句,在从句中作时间状语。 二、类型详解 1. 主语从句(Subject Clause) 在句中充当主语的从句,位置可在句首或用 “it 作形式主语 + 从句后置”(避免头重脚轻)。当主语从句较长时,将其放在句首会使句子结构显得头重脚轻,影响阅读和理解,此时用 it 作形式主语,将真正的主语从句后置,就像给句子进行了合理的 “排版”,让句子更加平衡和美观。 核心规则:引导词不可省略;从句用陈述语序;if 不能引导主语从句(需用 whether)。这些规则是使用主语从句的 “铁律”,违反任何一条都会导致句子错误。 用法 例句 说明 直接作主语(that) That he finished the task in 10 minutes surprised us.(他 10 分钟完成任务,这让我们很惊讶。) 此句中,that 引导的主语从句是整个句子所陈述的事实,that 不可省略,否则句子结构不完整。 直接作主语(what) What she bought yesterday is a new laptop.(她昨天买的是一台新笔记本电脑。) what 在从句中作 bought 的宾语,同时引导主语从句,体现了连接代词在从句中的成分担当。 直接作主语(whether) Whether they will go camping depends on the weather.(他们是否去露营取决于天气。) whether 引导主语从句,表达一种不确定的情况,不可用 if 替换,因为 if 不能引导主语从句。 it 作形式主语(形容词) It is necessary that we wear masks in crowded places.(在人员密集场所戴口罩是必要的。) 这种结构中,it 作形式主语,真正的主语是 that 引导的从句,形容词 necessary 对从句内容进行评价。 it 作形式主语(过去分词) It is reported that the new hospital will open next month.(据报道,新医院将于下月开业。) 过去分词 reported 表示信息的来源或发布情况,it 同样是形式主语,使句子结构更合理。 it 作形式主语(不及物动词) It seems that he has known the truth.(他似乎已经知道真相了。) 不及物动词 seems 后接 that 引导的主语从句,it 作形式主语,让句子表达更加自然流畅。 2. 宾语从句(Object Clause) 在及物动词、介词或某些形容词后充当宾语的从句。宾语从句就像是及物动词、介词或形容词的 “小跟班”,补充说明它们的对象或内容。 核心规则:需满足 “时态呼应”“陈述语序” 两大要求。时态呼应确保句子中动作的时间逻辑一致,陈述语序则是保证句子语法正确的关键。 核心要点 例句 易错提示 时态呼应(主句现 / 过去时) He says (that) he likes playing football.(他说他喜欢踢足球。)He said (that) he liked playing football.(他说过他喜欢踢足球。) 当主句是过去时态时,容易忽略从句时态的相应变化,要特别注意保持时态一致。 时态呼应(客观真理) The teacher told us that the earth goes around the sun.(老师告诉我们地球绕太阳转。) 即使主句是过去时态,只要从句表达的是客观真理,就始终用一般现在时,这是常见的考点。 陈述语序(易错点) 正确:Could you tell me where he lives?(能告诉我他住哪儿吗?)错误:Could you tell me where does he live? 学生在将疑问句改为宾语从句时,常常忘记调整语序,一定要记住宾语从句要用陈述语序。 if/whether 区别 I don’t know whether I should go or not.(我不知道是否该去。)(whether 可接 or not,if 不可) 在与 or not 连用时,只能用 whether,不能用 if,这是中考常考的细节。 介词后作宾语 We are talking about how we can solve this problem.(我们正在讨论如何解决这个问题。) 介词后的宾语从句,引导词的选择要根据从句的语义和语法需求,同时注意保持陈述语序。 3. 表语从句(Predicative Clause) 在连系动词(be/seem/become 等)后充当表语的从句。表语从句用于进一步说明主语的状态、性质或情况,就像给主语 “下定义” 一样。 核心规则:不可用 if 引导 “是否”,需用 whether;that 可省略但不建议。遵循这些规则能让表语从句的表达更加准确和规范。 引导词类型 例句 注意事项 that 引导(陈述事实) The biggest problem is that we have no enough money.(最大的问题是我们没有足够的钱。) that 在从句中不充当成分,虽然有时可以省略,但为了保持句子结构清晰,不建议省略。 whether 引导(疑问) The question is whether we can arrive on time.(问题是我们能否准时到达。)(不可用 if) 表示 “是否” 时,表语从句只能用 whether 引导,不能用 if,这是表语从句的重要语法规则。 连接副词引导 This is how he solved the problem.(这就是他解决问题的方法。) 连接副词在从句中作状语,根据具体语义选择合适的连接副词,如 when、where、why 等。 连接代词引导 What I want to know is what she is doing now.(我想知道的是她现在在做什么。) 连接代词在从句中充当成分,要注意其在从句中的语法功能和语义表达。 4. 同位语从句(Appositive Clause) 位于抽象名词后,对该名词内容进行解释说明的从句。同位语从句就像名词的 “贴心小助手”,帮助我们更清楚地理解抽象名词的具体含义。 核心区别:与定语从句不同 —— 同位语从句解释 “内容”,引导词不充当成分;定语从句修饰 “性质”,关系词充当成分。这是区分同位语从句和定语从句的关键所在,理解这一点能避免在使用中混淆。 关键特征 例句 对比分析 跟抽象名词(fact/news 等) The news that our team won the game made us excited.(我们队赢了比赛的消息让我们很兴奋。) 此句中,that 引导同位语从句,解释 news 的具体内容,that 不充当从句成分。 whether 引导(疑问) I have no idea whether he will attend the meeting.(我不知道他是否会参加会议。) whether 引导同位语从句,表达对抽象名词 idea 相关内容的不确定性。 连接副词引导 We discussed the problem when we should start the project.(我们讨论了项目该何时启动的问题。) 连接副词在同位语从句中作状语,进一步说明抽象名词 problem 的具体情况。 与定语从句区分 同位语:The fact that he lied is clear.(他撒谎的事实很清楚。)(that 不充当成分)定语:The fact that he told us is clear.(他告诉我们的事实很清楚。)(that 作宾语) 同位语从句的 that 只起连接作用,不参与成分;定语从句的 that 要充当从句中的成分,如主语、宾语等。 ◇Part 03 核心考点解析 考点 1:引导词 that 的省略规则 【考查要点】 that 在宾语从句中可省略,但在主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句中不可省略;it 作形式主语的主语从句中,that 可省略。掌握这个规则能帮助我们在写作和选择题中准确判断句子的正误。 【举例分析】 正确:She said (that) she would come.(宾语从句,that 可省):在这个简单的宾语从句中,that 引导从句,由于它在从句中不充当成分,所以可以省略,省略后句子依然通顺且语法正确。 正确:That he is honest is true.(主语从句,that 不可省):如果省略 that,句子 “he is honest is true” 会出现语法错误,无法明确句子结构和语义,所以主语从句中的 that 不能省略。 正确:It is true (that) he is honest.(形式主语结构,that 可省):在这种结构中,it 已经起到了形式主语的作用,即使省略 that,也不影响句子的理解和语法结构,但保留 that 会使句子逻辑更清晰。 考点 2:if 与 whether 的用法差异 【考查要点】 二者均表 “是否”,但 whether 可引导所有名词性从句,且可接 or not;if 仅能引导宾语从句,不可接 or not。这是中考高频考点,需要牢记它们的使用限制。 【举例分析】 正确:The question is whether he will come.(表语从句,用 whether):因为是表语从句,所以只能用 whether 引导,表达 “是否” 的含义,用 if 则句子错误。 错误:The question is if he will come.:此句违反了表语从句不能用 if 引导 “是否” 的规则,属于语法错误。 正确:I wonder whether he will come or not.(接 or not,用 whether):当要表达 “是否” 且后面接 or not 时,只能用 whether,这是固定搭配,不能用 if 替代。 考点 3:宾语从句的时态呼应 【考查要点】 主句为一般现在时,从句用任意时态;主句为一般过去时,从句用过去相关时态(一般过去时 / 过去进行时等);从句为客观真理,用一般现在时。时态呼应是宾语从句的重要语法规则,体现了句子中动作时间的一致性。 【举例分析】 主句过去时:He told me that he was watching TV at that time.(从句用过去进行时):主句的 told 是过去时态,所以从句中描述过去某个时间正在进行的动作,要用过去进行时 was watching,保持时态一致。 客观真理:My grandpa said that the moon goes around the earth.(从句用一般现在时):尽管主句是过去时态 said,但从句表达的是客观真理 “月球绕地球转”,所以始终用一般现在时 goes。 考点 4:名词性从句的陈述语序 【考查要点】 所有名词性从句必须用 “主语 + 谓语” 的陈述语序,不可用疑问句语序(中考易错点)。陈述语序是名词性从句的基本语法要求,不遵循这一规则会导致句子错误。 【举例分析】 正确:Do you know what his name is?(宾语从句,陈述语序):在这个宾语从句中,what 引导从句,从句部分 “his name is” 是陈述语序,符合语法规则。 错误:Do you know what is his name?:此句中从句部分 “is his name” 是疑问句语序,不符合宾语从句的语法要求,是错误的表达。 正确:When we will have the exam is unknown.(主语从句,陈述语序):主语从句 “When we will have the exam” 中,“we will have” 是陈述语序,句子语法正确。 考点 5:it 作形式主语的常用结构 【考查要点】 主语从句较长时用 it 作形式主语,常见结构:①It+be + 形容词 + that 从句 ②It+be + 过去分词 + that 从句 ③It + 不及物动词 + that 从句。掌握这些结构能帮助我们更灵活地运用主语从句,让句子表达更自然。 【举例分析】 It is important that we practice English daily.(形容词 + that 从句):在这个句子中,it 作形式主语,真正的主语是 that 引导的从句 “that we practice English daily”,形容词 important 对从句内容进行评价,使句子结构平衡。 It is believed that the plan will succeed.(过去分词 + that 从句):过去分词 believed 表示人们的观点或看法,it 作形式主语,让句子重点突出,语义清晰。 It happened that I met her yesterday.(不及物动词 + that 从句):不及物动词 happened 后接 that 引导的主语从句,it 作形式主语,表达一种偶然发生的情况,句子表达流畅自然。 考点 6:what 与 that 的引导词辨析 【考查要点】 what 在从句中充当主语、宾语等成分,表 “…… 的(事 / 物)”;that 仅起连接作用,不充当成分,无意义。准确区分这两个引导词对于正确使用名词性从句至关重要。 【举例分析】 What he said is true.(what 作 said 的宾语,表 “他说的话”):在这个主语从句中,what 既引导从句,又在从句中作 said 的宾语,指代 “他说的内容”,句子语义完整。 That he said it is true.(that 不充当成分,仅连接 “他说了这话” 这一事实):此句中 that 只起到连接作用,不参与从句成分,引导主语从句 “that he said it”,表达 “他说了这话” 这个事实。 考点 7:同位语从句与定语从句的区分 【考查要点】 关键看引导词是否充当成分 —— 同位语从句的 that 不充当成分,解释名词内容;定语从句的 that/which 充当成分,修饰名词。这是区分两种从句的核心标准,理解这一点能避免在使用中出现混淆。 【举例分析】 同位语从句:We heard the news that our school won the prize.(that 不充当成分,解释 news 内容):在这个句子中,that 引导同位语从句,对 news 的具体内容进行解释,that 在从句中不充当任何成分。 定语从句:We heard the news that made everyone happy.(that 作从句主语,修饰 news):此句中 that 引导定语从句,在从句中作主语,修饰先行词 news,意思是 “让大家开心的那个消息” 。 ◇Part 04 要点强化训练 提|升|练|习 一、单项选择 1.—Sandy, I need an English-Chinese dictionary. Can you tell me ________? —You can try our school library. A.how I can get to a nearby bookshop B.where I can borrow one from C.when I can buy one from a bookshop D.what I can borrow at the library 2.Do you know ________? A.which room she lives B.which room does she live in C.which room she lives in D.where she lives in 3.When bees find new food, they use a dance to tell ________. A.when and how far away the food is B.when and how far away was the food C.when and how far away is the food D.when and how far away the food was 4.Could you tell me how long ________? A.you have bought the watch B.you have kept this science book C.have you been away from China D.have you been a member of Greener China 5.—Why did Mary look so worried yesterday? —Because she wondered ________. A.where should she go B.when would the exam begin C.what she has to do D.if she could pass the exam 6.The students hope ________ the final project successfully before the summer vacation. A.they will finish B.them to finish C.finishing D.themselves to finish 7.—Could you tell me ________? —At the end of July. A.when did he hear from his pen pal B.how soon he will be here C.that he went on vacation D.when you will start your vacation 8.The boy asked his father ________. A.where did she find the missing cat B.that he called the man in a black suit C.what life will be like in the year 2100 D.if Lu Xun was a great writer of Chinese literature 9.—Miss Song, I haven’t decided ________. —I really hope you will visit it. It’s a good chance to learn about the history of our city. A.how will I go to Fuzhou Museum B.how I will go Fuzhou Museum C.whether will I go to Fuzhou Museum D.whether I will go to Fuzhou Museum 10.Our English teacher hopes ________ hard at English, but sometimes we don’t listen to her. A.us to study B.us can study C.we can study D.we to study 11.I am not sure ________ to wait. A.how much will it cost B.how long will it take C.how much it will cost D.how long it will take 12.—Could you tell me ________? —Yes, she is very kind and outgoing. A.What’s his mother like B.what his mother likes C.What his mother is like D.how his mother is like 13.________ we can make progress or not these months ________ on our study habits. A.Whether; depends B.Whether; depend C.If; depend D.If; depends 14.________ you should do is get down to your study from now on and concentrate on ________ is important to your future development. A.That; where B.What; that C.How; what D.What; what 15.________ has any common sense can tell the difference between the two. A.Who B.Whoever C.Anyone D.Who ever 16.________ the prices will go up is quite certain. A.That B.What C.Whether D.Which 17.It was said _______ had contributed to the project would be promoted. A.who B.that who C.whoever D.that whoever 18.It has been proved ______ he is a smart boy. A.who B.what C.that D.which 19.Everyone knows that ________ is dangerous to play with fire, but is difficult is to prevent children from playing with fire. A.it; it B.what; what C.it; what D.what; it 20.I always eat breakfast every morning. ________ I never have stomach problems. A.That’s what B.That’s how C.That’s why D.That’s when 21.—You see, Tom. We can wait. But the question is ________ you will play games? —Well, maybe till lunchtime. A.how long B.how often C.how soon D.when 22.In 1976, Steve Jobs and Stephen Wozniak started their own business in a garage. Decades later, the small company has become ________. A.what is now Apple Inc. B.what Apple Inc. is now C.which is now Apple Inc. D.which Apple Inc. is now 23.Let me teach you ________ to do it because that’s ________ I am good at. A.what; what B.how; how C.what; how D.how; what 24.You are ________ you eat. Healthy eating means eating healthy food and having good eating habits. A.what B.which C.that D.how 25.I’m afraid he’s more of a talker than a doer, which is ________ he never finishes anything. A.that B.when C.where D.why 26.That is ________ your experience ________ your characteristics. A.what; influences B.how; influences C.why; influence D.how; influence 27.He is ________ the soccer team. That’s ________ he plays soccer better than us. A.at; because B.in; why C.on; why D.in; because 28.There is no doubt ________ the Harry Potter series are ________ again and again. A.whether; worth reading B.that; worth to read C.that; worth reading D.whether; worth to read 29.They have little doubt ________ the project will be a great success. A.whether B.that C.if D.why 30.There is no doubt ________ reading English stories every day helps improve our vocabulary. A.that B.if C.whether D.which 31.There is a new problem involved in the popularity of private cars ________ road conditions need _______. A.that…to be improved B.which…to be improved C.where…improving D.when…improving 32.—I intend to visit Shanghai this weekend. But I have no idea ________. —You can download some car-hailing apps. It’s very convenient. A.How I can get around B.What could I get around C.What I can get around D.How could I get around 33.There is some doubt ________Tom is the most suitable person for the job. A.which B.whether C.that D.what 34.He hardly had any doubt ________ the project will be a success, ________? A.whether; did he B.that; didn’t he C.that; did he D.if; didn’t he 35.One of the men held the view ________ the book said was right. A.that what B.what that C.that D.whether 二、短文填空 1 阅读下面短文,然后根据括号内所给汉语提示填空。 (每空一词) 。 Learning a new subject can be challenging. But using the right methods helps us 36 (对待) with the difficulties better. To make real progress, a good student needs to understand a few key ideas. First, it is important to be 37 (有耐心的). Learning is a step-by-step 38 (过程), and no one can master everything quickly. A good teacher often 39 (建议) reviewing lessons regularly. It is 40 (确切地) the habit that leads to success. When you practice, pay close attention to mistakes. Do not try to 41 (避免) them, because mistakes are valuable chances to learn. Without 42 (疑问) using the language is also very important. Try to have simple 43 (交谈) with friends. Don’t worry too much about perfect grammar at the beginning. It is also helpful to find a study partner with 44 (谁) you can practice regularly. However, some students 45 (很少) ask questions when they feel confused. Remember, asking for help is a smart way to improve. By following these methods and staying curious, you will surely see great improvement in your studies. 2 阅读下面短文,根据语境、音标或所给单词的提示,在每个空格内填入一个恰当的词,要求所填的词意义准确、形式正确,使短文意思完整、行文连贯。 Nowadays, more and more people like 46 (order) takeout (外卖). It is very popular with young people. But did people eat takeout in ancient times (古时候)? Maybe you don’t think so. 47 fact, there was takeout even in the Song Dynasty. According to history books, Emperor Xiaozong liked to order takeout at night. His servants (仆人) went around the city and 48 (bring) the food back. Many other people also ordered takeout. The workers in the restaurants spent much energy 49 (shout) loudly in the street so that more people would come out to watch. 50 they ordered the dishes, the workers would take food to their homes. 51 (final), they could have the dishes they like. In 52 famous painting Along the River During the Qingming Festival (《清明上河图》), we can see a takeout worker walking with a meal box in 53 (he) hand. People at that time even made special meal 54 (box) for takeout dishes. They also did their best to invent warming bowls made of two layers (层). Boiled water could be put between them to keep the dishes warm. By 55 (do) so, they could have hot meals at any time. ( 1 / 2 )学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $ 2026年中考英语一轮系统化复习讲练(浙江专用) 专题09 名词性从句 目录清单 第一部分 中考考题再现回顾题型 锚点方向 第二部分 核心知识清单锁定基础 高效学习 第三部分 核心考点解析考点精析 能力巩固 第四部分 要点强化训练深度强化 扫清盲区 ◇Part 01 中考考题再现 1.(2023・浙江台州)You can never imagine ______ happy you will be after that. 答案:how 解析:考查宾语从句连接词。此处宾语从句中修饰形容词 happy,应用连接副词 how,意为 “多么”。 2.(2023・浙江绍兴)“It is an unusual experience for me, because I have never really experienced ______ this problem is like,” she said.(根据原文语境调整) 答案:what 解析:考查宾语从句连接词。此处宾语从句中缺少宾语,指代问题的情况,应用连接代词 what。 3.(2023・浙江)And now, 2,000 years later, people around the world come here to see ______ people lived all those years ago. 答案:how 解析:考查宾语从句连接词。此处宾语从句中表示方式,应用连接副词 how,意为 “如何,怎样”。 ◇Part 02 核心知识清单 名词性从句是在句中起名词作用的从句,功能相当于名词词组,可充当主语、宾语、表语、同位语四大成分,因此分为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句四类。在实际运用中,这些从句常常出现在各类英语句子中,掌握它们的用法对于准确理解和表达英语至关重要。 一、引导词体系:三类核心连接词 所有名词性从句均由引导词引导,按功能分为三类:这三类引导词就像开启不同从句大门的钥匙,每一把都有独特的用途和特点。 1.连接词:that(无意义,不充当成分)、if/whether(表 “是否”,不充当成分)。其中,that 是最基础的连接词,在从句中仅起到连接作用,就像一个默默的 “桥梁搭建者”,比如在句子 “That the sun rises in the east is common knowledge.” 中,that 引导主语从句,本身没有实际意义,也不参与从句成分的构成;而 if 和 whether 虽然都表示 “是否”,但使用场景有所不同,这在后续的具体从句讲解中会详细说明。 2.连接代词:what/who/which/whose/whatever 等(在从句中作主语、宾语或定语)。这些连接代词具有实际的指代意义,在从句中承担重要的语法成分,例如 “What you need is more practice.” 中,what 既引导从句,又在从句中作 need 的宾语,指代 “需要的东西”。 3.连接副词:when/where/why/how 等(在从句中作时间、地点、原因、方式状语)。它们在从句中用于说明动作发生的时间、地点、原因或方式,如 “I don’t know when he will come back.” 中,when 引导宾语从句,在从句中作时间状语。 二、类型详解 1. 主语从句(Subject Clause) 在句中充当主语的从句,位置可在句首或用 “it 作形式主语 + 从句后置”(避免头重脚轻)。当主语从句较长时,将其放在句首会使句子结构显得头重脚轻,影响阅读和理解,此时用 it 作形式主语,将真正的主语从句后置,就像给句子进行了合理的 “排版”,让句子更加平衡和美观。 核心规则:引导词不可省略;从句用陈述语序;if 不能引导主语从句(需用 whether)。这些规则是使用主语从句的 “铁律”,违反任何一条都会导致句子错误。 用法 例句 说明 直接作主语(that) That he finished the task in 10 minutes surprised us.(他 10 分钟完成任务,这让我们很惊讶。) 此句中,that 引导的主语从句是整个句子所陈述的事实,that 不可省略,否则句子结构不完整。 直接作主语(what) What she bought yesterday is a new laptop.(她昨天买的是一台新笔记本电脑。) what 在从句中作 bought 的宾语,同时引导主语从句,体现了连接代词在从句中的成分担当。 直接作主语(whether) Whether they will go camping depends on the weather.(他们是否去露营取决于天气。) whether 引导主语从句,表达一种不确定的情况,不可用 if 替换,因为 if 不能引导主语从句。 it 作形式主语(形容词) It is necessary that we wear masks in crowded places.(在人员密集场所戴口罩是必要的。) 这种结构中,it 作形式主语,真正的主语是 that 引导的从句,形容词 necessary 对从句内容进行评价。 it 作形式主语(过去分词) It is reported that the new hospital will open next month.(据报道,新医院将于下月开业。) 过去分词 reported 表示信息的来源或发布情况,it 同样是形式主语,使句子结构更合理。 it 作形式主语(不及物动词) It seems that he has known the truth.(他似乎已经知道真相了。) 不及物动词 seems 后接 that 引导的主语从句,it 作形式主语,让句子表达更加自然流畅。 2. 宾语从句(Object Clause) 在及物动词、介词或某些形容词后充当宾语的从句。宾语从句就像是及物动词、介词或形容词的 “小跟班”,补充说明它们的对象或内容。 核心规则:需满足 “时态呼应”“陈述语序” 两大要求。时态呼应确保句子中动作的时间逻辑一致,陈述语序则是保证句子语法正确的关键。 核心要点 例句 易错提示 时态呼应(主句现 / 过去时) He says (that) he likes playing football.(他说他喜欢踢足球。)He said (that) he liked playing football.(他说过他喜欢踢足球。) 当主句是过去时态时,容易忽略从句时态的相应变化,要特别注意保持时态一致。 时态呼应(客观真理) The teacher told us that the earth goes around the sun.(老师告诉我们地球绕太阳转。) 即使主句是过去时态,只要从句表达的是客观真理,就始终用一般现在时,这是常见的考点。 陈述语序(易错点) 正确:Could you tell me where he lives?(能告诉我他住哪儿吗?)错误:Could you tell me where does he live? 学生在将疑问句改为宾语从句时,常常忘记调整语序,一定要记住宾语从句要用陈述语序。 if/whether 区别 I don’t know whether I should go or not.(我不知道是否该去。)(whether 可接 or not,if 不可) 在与 or not 连用时,只能用 whether,不能用 if,这是中考常考的细节。 介词后作宾语 We are talking about how we can solve this problem.(我们正在讨论如何解决这个问题。) 介词后的宾语从句,引导词的选择要根据从句的语义和语法需求,同时注意保持陈述语序。 3. 表语从句(Predicative Clause) 在连系动词(be/seem/become 等)后充当表语的从句。表语从句用于进一步说明主语的状态、性质或情况,就像给主语 “下定义” 一样。 核心规则:不可用 if 引导 “是否”,需用 whether;that 可省略但不建议。遵循这些规则能让表语从句的表达更加准确和规范。 引导词类型 例句 注意事项 that 引导(陈述事实) The biggest problem is that we have no enough money.(最大的问题是我们没有足够的钱。) that 在从句中不充当成分,虽然有时可以省略,但为了保持句子结构清晰,不建议省略。 whether 引导(疑问) The question is whether we can arrive on time.(问题是我们能否准时到达。)(不可用 if) 表示 “是否” 时,表语从句只能用 whether 引导,不能用 if,这是表语从句的重要语法规则。 连接副词引导 This is how he solved the problem.(这就是他解决问题的方法。) 连接副词在从句中作状语,根据具体语义选择合适的连接副词,如 when、where、why 等。 连接代词引导 What I want to know is what she is doing now.(我想知道的是她现在在做什么。) 连接代词在从句中充当成分,要注意其在从句中的语法功能和语义表达。 4. 同位语从句(Appositive Clause) 位于抽象名词后,对该名词内容进行解释说明的从句。同位语从句就像名词的 “贴心小助手”,帮助我们更清楚地理解抽象名词的具体含义。 核心区别:与定语从句不同 —— 同位语从句解释 “内容”,引导词不充当成分;定语从句修饰 “性质”,关系词充当成分。这是区分同位语从句和定语从句的关键所在,理解这一点能避免在使用中混淆。 关键特征 例句 对比分析 跟抽象名词(fact/news 等) The news that our team won the game made us excited.(我们队赢了比赛的消息让我们很兴奋。) 此句中,that 引导同位语从句,解释 news 的具体内容,that 不充当从句成分。 whether 引导(疑问) I have no idea whether he will attend the meeting.(我不知道他是否会参加会议。) whether 引导同位语从句,表达对抽象名词 idea 相关内容的不确定性。 连接副词引导 We discussed the problem when we should start the project.(我们讨论了项目该何时启动的问题。) 连接副词在同位语从句中作状语,进一步说明抽象名词 problem 的具体情况。 与定语从句区分 同位语:The fact that he lied is clear.(他撒谎的事实很清楚。)(that 不充当成分)定语:The fact that he told us is clear.(他告诉我们的事实很清楚。)(that 作宾语) 同位语从句的 that 只起连接作用,不参与成分;定语从句的 that 要充当从句中的成分,如主语、宾语等。 ◇Part 03 核心考点解析 考点 1:引导词 that 的省略规则 【考查要点】 that 在宾语从句中可省略,但在主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句中不可省略;it 作形式主语的主语从句中,that 可省略。掌握这个规则能帮助我们在写作和选择题中准确判断句子的正误。 【举例分析】 正确:She said (that) she would come.(宾语从句,that 可省):在这个简单的宾语从句中,that 引导从句,由于它在从句中不充当成分,所以可以省略,省略后句子依然通顺且语法正确。 正确:That he is honest is true.(主语从句,that 不可省):如果省略 that,句子 “he is honest is true” 会出现语法错误,无法明确句子结构和语义,所以主语从句中的 that 不能省略。 正确:It is true (that) he is honest.(形式主语结构,that 可省):在这种结构中,it 已经起到了形式主语的作用,即使省略 that,也不影响句子的理解和语法结构,但保留 that 会使句子逻辑更清晰。 考点 2:if 与 whether 的用法差异 【考查要点】 二者均表 “是否”,但 whether 可引导所有名词性从句,且可接 or not;if 仅能引导宾语从句,不可接 or not。这是中考高频考点,需要牢记它们的使用限制。 【举例分析】 正确:The question is whether he will come.(表语从句,用 whether):因为是表语从句,所以只能用 whether 引导,表达 “是否” 的含义,用 if 则句子错误。 错误:The question is if he will come.:此句违反了表语从句不能用 if 引导 “是否” 的规则,属于语法错误。 正确:I wonder whether he will come or not.(接 or not,用 whether):当要表达 “是否” 且后面接 or not 时,只能用 whether,这是固定搭配,不能用 if 替代。 考点 3:宾语从句的时态呼应 【考查要点】 主句为一般现在时,从句用任意时态;主句为一般过去时,从句用过去相关时态(一般过去时 / 过去进行时等);从句为客观真理,用一般现在时。时态呼应是宾语从句的重要语法规则,体现了句子中动作时间的一致性。 【举例分析】 主句过去时:He told me that he was watching TV at that time.(从句用过去进行时):主句的 told 是过去时态,所以从句中描述过去某个时间正在进行的动作,要用过去进行时 was watching,保持时态一致。 客观真理:My grandpa said that the moon goes around the earth.(从句用一般现在时):尽管主句是过去时态 said,但从句表达的是客观真理 “月球绕地球转”,所以始终用一般现在时 goes。 考点 4:名词性从句的陈述语序 【考查要点】 所有名词性从句必须用 “主语 + 谓语” 的陈述语序,不可用疑问句语序(中考易错点)。陈述语序是名词性从句的基本语法要求,不遵循这一规则会导致句子错误。 【举例分析】 正确:Do you know what his name is?(宾语从句,陈述语序):在这个宾语从句中,what 引导从句,从句部分 “his name is” 是陈述语序,符合语法规则。 错误:Do you know what is his name?:此句中从句部分 “is his name” 是疑问句语序,不符合宾语从句的语法要求,是错误的表达。 正确:When we will have the exam is unknown.(主语从句,陈述语序):主语从句 “When we will have the exam” 中,“we will have” 是陈述语序,句子语法正确。 考点 5:it 作形式主语的常用结构 【考查要点】 主语从句较长时用 it 作形式主语,常见结构:①It+be + 形容词 + that 从句 ②It+be + 过去分词 + that 从句 ③It + 不及物动词 + that 从句。掌握这些结构能帮助我们更灵活地运用主语从句,让句子表达更自然。 【举例分析】 It is important that we practice English daily.(形容词 + that 从句):在这个句子中,it 作形式主语,真正的主语是 that 引导的从句 “that we practice English daily”,形容词 important 对从句内容进行评价,使句子结构平衡。 It is believed that the plan will succeed.(过去分词 + that 从句):过去分词 believed 表示人们的观点或看法,it 作形式主语,让句子重点突出,语义清晰。 It happened that I met her yesterday.(不及物动词 + that 从句):不及物动词 happened 后接 that 引导的主语从句,it 作形式主语,表达一种偶然发生的情况,句子表达流畅自然。 考点 6:what 与 that 的引导词辨析 【考查要点】 what 在从句中充当主语、宾语等成分,表 “…… 的(事 / 物)”;that 仅起连接作用,不充当成分,无意义。准确区分这两个引导词对于正确使用名词性从句至关重要。 【举例分析】 What he said is true.(what 作 said 的宾语,表 “他说的话”):在这个主语从句中,what 既引导从句,又在从句中作 said 的宾语,指代 “他说的内容”,句子语义完整。 That he said it is true.(that 不充当成分,仅连接 “他说了这话” 这一事实):此句中 that 只起到连接作用,不参与从句成分,引导主语从句 “that he said it”,表达 “他说了这话” 这个事实。 考点 7:同位语从句与定语从句的区分 【考查要点】 关键看引导词是否充当成分 —— 同位语从句的 that 不充当成分,解释名词内容;定语从句的 that/which 充当成分,修饰名词。这是区分两种从句的核心标准,理解这一点能避免在使用中出现混淆。 【举例分析】 同位语从句:We heard the news that our school won the prize.(that 不充当成分,解释 news 内容):在这个句子中,that 引导同位语从句,对 news 的具体内容进行解释,that 在从句中不充当任何成分。 定语从句:We heard the news that made everyone happy.(that 作从句主语,修饰 news):此句中 that 引导定语从句,在从句中作主语,修饰先行词 news,意思是 “让大家开心的那个消息” 。 ◇Part 04 要点强化训练 提|升|练|习 一、单项选择 1.—Sandy, I need an English-Chinese dictionary. Can you tell me ________? —You can try our school library. A.how I can get to a nearby bookshop B.where I can borrow one from C.when I can buy one from a bookshop D.what I can borrow at the library 2.Do you know ________? A.which room she lives B.which room does she live in C.which room she lives in D.where she lives in 3.When bees find new food, they use a dance to tell ________. A.when and how far away the food is B.when and how far away was the food C.when and how far away is the food D.when and how far away the food was 4.Could you tell me how long ________? A.you have bought the watch B.you have kept this science book C.have you been away from China D.have you been a member of Greener China 5.—Why did Mary look so worried yesterday? —Because she wondered ________. A.where should she go B.when would the exam begin C.what she has to do D.if she could pass the exam 6.The students hope ________ the final project successfully before the summer vacation. A.they will finish B.them to finish C.finishing D.themselves to finish 7.—Could you tell me ________? —At the end of July. A.when did he hear from his pen pal B.how soon he will be here C.that he went on vacation D.when you will start your vacation 8.The boy asked his father ________. A.where did she find the missing cat B.that he called the man in a black suit C.what life will be like in the year 2100 D.if Lu Xun was a great writer of Chinese literature 9.—Miss Song, I haven’t decided ________. —I really hope you will visit it. It’s a good chance to learn about the history of our city. A.how will I go to Fuzhou Museum B.how I will go Fuzhou Museum C.whether will I go to Fuzhou Museum D.whether I will go to Fuzhou Museum 10.Our English teacher hopes ________ hard at English, but sometimes we don’t listen to her. A.us to study B.us can study C.we can study D.we to study 11.I am not sure ________ to wait. A.how much will it cost B.how long will it take C.how much it will cost D.how long it will take 12.—Could you tell me ________? —Yes, she is very kind and outgoing. A.What’s his mother like B.what his mother likes C.What his mother is like D.how his mother is like 13.________ we can make progress or not these months ________ on our study habits. A.Whether; depends B.Whether; depend C.If; depend D.If; depends 14.________ you should do is get down to your study from now on and concentrate on ________ is important to your future development. A.That; where B.What; that C.How; what D.What; what 15.________ has any common sense can tell the difference between the two. A.Who B.Whoever C.Anyone D.Who ever 16.________ the prices will go up is quite certain. A.That B.What C.Whether D.Which 17.It was said _______ had contributed to the project would be promoted. A.who B.that who C.whoever D.that whoever 18.It has been proved ______ he is a smart boy. A.who B.what C.that D.which 19.Everyone knows that ________ is dangerous to play with fire, but is difficult is to prevent children from playing with fire. A.it; it B.what; what C.it; what D.what; it 20.I always eat breakfast every morning. ________ I never have stomach problems. A.That’s what B.That’s how C.That’s why D.That’s when 21.—You see, Tom. We can wait. But the question is ________ you will play games? —Well, maybe till lunchtime. A.how long B.how often C.how soon D.when 22.In 1976, Steve Jobs and Stephen Wozniak started their own business in a garage. Decades later, the small company has become ________. A.what is now Apple Inc. B.what Apple Inc. is now C.which is now Apple Inc. D.which Apple Inc. is now 23.Let me teach you ________ to do it because that’s ________ I am good at. A.what; what B.how; how C.what; how D.how; what 24.You are ________ you eat. Healthy eating means eating healthy food and having good eating habits. A.what B.which C.that D.how 25.I’m afraid he’s more of a talker than a doer, which is ________ he never finishes anything. A.that B.when C.where D.why 26.That is ________ your experience ________ your characteristics. A.what; influences B.how; influences C.why; influence D.how; influence 27.He is ________ the soccer team. That’s ________ he plays soccer better than us. A.at; because B.in; why C.on; why D.in; because 28.There is no doubt ________ the Harry Potter series are ________ again and again. A.whether; worth reading B.that; worth to read C.that; worth reading D.whether; worth to read 29.They have little doubt ________ the project will be a great success. A.whether B.that C.if D.why 30.There is no doubt ________ reading English stories every day helps improve our vocabulary. A.that B.if C.whether D.which 31.There is a new problem involved in the popularity of private cars ________ road conditions need _______. A.that…to be improved B.which…to be improved C.where…improving D.when…improving 32.—I intend to visit Shanghai this weekend. But I have no idea ________. —You can download some car-hailing apps. It’s very convenient. A.How I can get around B.What could I get around C.What I can get around D.How could I get around 33.There is some doubt ________Tom is the most suitable person for the job. A.which B.whether C.that D.what 34.He hardly had any doubt ________ the project will be a success, ________? A.whether; did he B.that; didn’t he C.that; did he D.if; didn’t he 35.One of the men held the view ________ the book said was right. A.that what B.what that C.that D.whether 二、短文填空 1 阅读下面短文,然后根据括号内所给汉语提示填空。 (每空一词) 。 Learning a new subject can be challenging. But using the right methods helps us 36 (对待) with the difficulties better. To make real progress, a good student needs to understand a few key ideas. First, it is important to be 37 (有耐心的). Learning is a step-by-step 38 (过程), and no one can master everything quickly. A good teacher often 39 (建议) reviewing lessons regularly. It is 40 (确切地) the habit that leads to success. When you practice, pay close attention to mistakes. Do not try to 41 (避免) them, because mistakes are valuable chances to learn. Without 42 (疑问) using the language is also very important. Try to have simple 43 (交谈) with friends. Don’t worry too much about perfect grammar at the beginning. It is also helpful to find a study partner with 44 (谁) you can practice regularly. However, some students 45 (很少) ask questions when they feel confused. Remember, asking for help is a smart way to improve. By following these methods and staying curious, you will surely see great improvement in your studies. 2 阅读下面短文,根据语境、音标或所给单词的提示,在每个空格内填入一个恰当的词,要求所填的词意义准确、形式正确,使短文意思完整、行文连贯。 Nowadays, more and more people like 46 (order) takeout (外卖). It is very popular with young people. But did people eat takeout in ancient times (古时候)? Maybe you don’t think so. 47 fact, there was takeout even in the Song Dynasty. According to history books, Emperor Xiaozong liked to order takeout at night. His servants (仆人) went around the city and 48 (bring) the food back. Many other people also ordered takeout. The workers in the restaurants spent much energy 49 (shout) loudly in the street so that more people would come out to watch. 50 they ordered the dishes, the workers would take food to their homes. 51 (final), they could have the dishes they like. In 52 famous painting Along the River During the Qingming Festival (《清明上河图》), we can see a takeout worker walking with a meal box in 53 (he) hand. People at that time even made special meal 54 (box) for takeout dishes. They also did their best to invent warming bowls made of two layers (层). Boiled water could be put between them to keep the dishes warm. By 55 (do) so, they could have hot meals at any time. 参考答案 一、 1.B 【解析】句意:——Sandy,我需要一本英汉词典。你能告诉我我可以从哪里借吗?——你可以试试我们学校的图书馆。 考查宾语从句和交际用语。how I can get to a nearby bookshop我如何到达附近的书店;where I can borrow one from我可以从哪里借一本;when I can buy one from a bookshop我什么时候可以从书店买一本;what I can borrow at the library我可以在图书馆借什么。空白处在句中作宾语,是宾语从句,用陈述句语序,根据“I need an English-Chinese dictionary.”和“You can try our school library.”可知,问句应询问借词典的地点,故选B。 2.C 【解析】句意:你知道她住在哪个房间吗? 考查宾语从句的语序和动词搭配。空处句子是宾语从句,宾语从句应使用陈述语序 (连接词+主语+谓语),故排除B项;live为不及物动词,需加介词in才能接宾语,故排除A项;which room是名词,作介词in的宾语。此外,D项“where she lives in”中where表示地点,无需用介词in。故选C。 3.A 【解析】句意:当蜜蜂发现新的食物时,它们会用舞蹈来告诉同伴食物的时间和距离。 考查宾语从句。分析句子结构可知,此处是宾语从句,从句用陈述语序,排除选项B和C;根据“When bees find new food”可知,从句时态用一般现在时,排除选项D。故选A。 4.B 【解析】句意:你能告诉我你持有这本科学书多久了吗? 考查宾语从句及延续性动词。根据“Could you tell me how long”可知,此处是how long引导的宾语从句,从句用陈述句语序,排除C、D选项;且how long需与延续性动词使用,A选项bought是buy的过去分词,buy是短暂性动词,故排除A选项。故选B。 5.D 【解析】句意:——玛丽昨天为什么看起来很担心?——因为她想知道是否能通过考试。 考查宾语从句的语序和时态。A项语序错误,应为where she should go;B项语序错误,应为when the exam would begin;C项时态错误,主句wondered为过去时,从句has应改为had;D项语序和时态均正确。故选D。 6.A 【解析】句意:学生们希望他们在暑假前成功完成最终项目。 考查hope用法。hope后可直接接动词不定式或接宾语从句,接宾语从句时,从句需用完整的主谓结构,结合选项可知,选项A为省略that的宾语从句,符合hope的用法。故选A。 7.D 【解析】句意:——你能告诉我你什么时候开始你的假期吗?——在七月底。 考查宾语从句。when did he hear from his pen pal他什么时候收到笔友的消息;how soon he will be here他多久会到这里;that he went on vacation他去度假了;when you will start your vacation你什么时候开始你的假期。根据“At the end of July.”可知,此处为宾语从句,从句应用陈述句语序,A项语序错误为疑问句语序;B项询问“多久以后”,通常用时间段回答,与具体时间点不匹配;C项为陈述事实,不询问时间;D项询问时间,与回答“在七月底”一致。故选D。 8.D 【解析】句意:这个男孩问他的父亲是否鲁迅是一位伟大的中国文学作家。 考查宾语从句的语序和时态。主句中“asked”为过去式,从句需用过去时态且为陈述句语序。A项语序错误;B项虽为陈述语序,但“ask”后接疑问内容,不符合语境;C项时态错误;D项语序正确且时态符合。故选D。 9.D 【解析】句意:——宋老师,我还没有决定是否去福州博物馆。——我真心希望你能去参观。这是了解我们城市历史的好机会。 考查宾语从句。宾语从句需用陈述语序,排除A、C;B项中go为不及物动词,后接地点名词时应加介词to,即go to Fuzhou Museum,因此B项结构错误。根据答语“I really hope you will visit it.”可知,从句询问的是“是否去”,用whether引导。故选D。 10.C 【解析】句意:我们的英语老师希望我们能努力学习英语,但有时我们不听她的。 考查宾语从句。hope意为“希望”,用法主要有两种:“hope+宾语从句”和“hope to do sth.”。hope后接宾语从句时,从句中的主语要用主格,we是主格,us是宾格。故选C。 11.D 【解析】句意:我不确定等待将花费多长时间。 考查宾语从句的语序。how much will it cost要花多少钱,疑问句语序;how long will it take要花多长时间,疑问句语序;how much it will cost要花多少钱,陈述句语序;how long it will take要花多长时间,陈述句语序。宾语从句中,疑问词后需用陈述语序(主语+谓语)。A项和B项为疑问语序(will it),错误;C项指的是花费钱,不符合题意;D项意为“它将花费多长时间”,符合语境。故选D。 12.C 【解析】句意:——你能告诉我他妈妈是什么样吗?——是的,她又善良又外向。 考查宾语从句的语序。What’s his mother like他妈妈是什么样,疑问语序;what his mother likes他妈妈喜欢什么;What his mother is like他妈妈是什么样,陈述语序;how his mother is like搭配错误。根据“Could you tell me ...”可知,句子是宾语从句,需用陈述语序,结合“Yes, she is very kind and outgoing.”可知,此处应描述人的性格特点。故选C。 13.A 【解析】句意:这几个月我们能否取得进步取决于我们的学习习惯。 考查主语从句引导词和主谓一致。whether是否;if是否。分析句子结构可知,第一个空引导主语从句,且与“or not”连用,所以应用whether,排除选项C和D;第二个空,句子主语是“Whether we can make progress or not these months”,这是一个主语从句,谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式,所以应用depends,排除选项B。故选A。 14.D 【解析】句意:你应该做的是从现在开始专心学习,并专注于对你未来发展重要的事情。 考查主语从句和宾语从句。根据“...you should do is get down to your study from now on and concentrate on...is important to your future development.”可知,主语从句“...you should do”中,“do”缺少宾语,需用连接代词引导,此处使用“What”表示“所……的事”,“what you should do”表示“你应该做的事”;介词“on”后接宾语从句“...is important to your future development”,从句缺少主语。“What”在从句中作主语,表示“对未来发展重要的事”,因此使用“What”。故选D。 15.B 【解析】句意:有常识的人都能分辨出两者的区别。 考查词义辨析。Who谁;Whoever无论谁,任何人;Anyone任何人;Who ever谁曾经。分析句子结构可知,此处引导主语从句;根据语境可知,此处指任何人,用whoever引导主语从句,可换成anyone who,但是不能换成anyone。故选B。 16.A 【解析】句意:价格肯定会上涨。 考查连词辨析。that引导从句,无意义;what什么;whether是否;which哪一个。句子是主语从句,从句不缺成分,整个句子是完整的,用that引导主语从句。故选A。 17.D 【解析】句意:据说凡是对这个项目有贡献的人都将被提升。 考查主语从句。It was said that表示“据说……”;it是形式主语,that后面的从句是真正的主语;分析句子“It was said _______ had contributed to the project would be promoted.”, 可知是无论是谁对这个项目有贡献,都会被提升,所以是无论是谁whoever,故选D。 18.C 【解析】句意:已经证明他是一个聪明的男孩。 考查连接词。who谁;what什么;that那个,引导从句无实义;which哪一个。“It has been proved that+从句”意为“已经证明……”,it是形式主语,that引导的真正主语,故选C。 19.C 【解析】句意:每个人都知道玩火是危险的,但是困难的是阻止孩子玩火。本题考查it用法及主语从句。通过分析句子结构,可知逗号之前的句子包含一个宾语从句。宾语从句中,真正的主语是to play with fire,所以需要用it作形式主语;逗号之后包含一个主语从句,且引导词在从句中作主语,表示“什么”的含义,故用what。 【点睛】形式主语it, 作为形式主语的it并无实际语义,只是为满足语法上的需要,避免句子头重脚轻,它代替的是句子的逻辑主语,概括起来会有如下情况:不定式作逻辑主语;从句作逻辑主语;动名词短语作逻辑主语。解答这类题,首先要确定从句是什么从句,然后依据相应的语法规则答题。名词性从句中引导词的确定,要看它在名词从句中作什么成分,有什么实际意义。 20.C 【解析】句意:我每天早上总是吃早餐,那就是我从来没有胃病的原因。 考查表语从句。 That’s what那就是……的事情,用于指代具体内容;That’s how那就是……的方式,用于指代方法或过程;That’s why那就是为什么……,侧重连接原因与结果;That’s when那就是……的时候,用于指代时间。第一句讲“每天吃早餐”,第二句讲“没有胃病”,两者之间是因果关系。That’s why符合。故选C。 21.A 【解析】句意:——你看,汤姆。我们可以等。但问题是你会玩多久游戏?——好吧。也许直到午饭时间。 考查表语从句的引导词。how long多长时间;how often多久一次;how soon还有多久;when何时。根据“Maybe till the lunchtime.”可知,此处应是询问动作持续的时间,应用how long连接。故选A。 22.A 【解析】句意:1976年,史蒂夫·乔布斯和斯蒂芬·沃兹尼亚克在一个车库里创办了自己的公司。几十年后,这家小公司变成了现在的苹果公司。 考查表语从句。根据“the small company has become...”可知,空处是表语从句,which强调“从已知选项中选”,而此处描述的是“曾经的小公司演变为现在的苹果公司”这一结果,所以更适合用what引导此从句;选项A意为“现在被称为苹果的那个公司”,符合题意。故选A。 23.D 【解析】句意:让我教你怎么做,因为那是我擅长的。 考查连接词辨析。how表示“如何、怎样”,常用来引导方式状语;what表示“什么”,可作宾语或表语。第一空强调做某事的方式,用how;第二空作be good at的宾语,指代“擅长的事情”,用what。故选D。 24.A 【解析】句意:人如其食。健康饮食意味着吃健康的食物并养成良好的饮食习惯。 考查表语从句。what什么;which哪一个;that那;how怎样。根据“You are … you eat.”可知,句子缺少动词“eat”的宾语,因此这里应用“what”引导表语从句,指代“吃的东西”,且在从句中作动词“eat”的宾语。故选A。 25.D 【解析】句意:恐怕他只会空谈,不会实干,这就是他一事无成的原因。 考查词义辨析。that无实际含义;when何时;where哪里;why为什么。根据“I’m afraid he’s more of a talker than a doer, which is…he never finishes anything.”可知,此处表示他一事无成的原因,故选D。 26.B 【解析】句意:那就是你的经历是如何影响你的性格的。 考查关系副词及主谓一致。根据“That is … your experience … your characteristics.”可知,本句是表语从句,experience“经历”,是可数名词,这里为单数,句子时态是一般现在时,所以influence应加“s”,排除C、D选项;what“什么”,how“怎样、如何”,结合语境,可知是你的经历是如何影响你的性格的,A选项语意不通,因此排除;故选B。 27.C 【解析】句意:他是足球队的一员。那是为什么他踢足球踢得比我们好的原因。 考查介词和表语从句。at指具体的某个点;in在某物里面;on在某物上面;because因为;why为什么。表示“足球队的一员”用“on the soccer team”,第一空填介词“on”。根据“he plays soccer better than us”可知后面是结果,用“why”引导表语从句。故选C。 28.C 【解析】句意:毫无疑问,《哈利·波特》系列值得反复阅读。 考查同位语从句和非谓语动词。根据“There is no doubt…the Harry Potter series are…again and again.”可知,There is no doubt that…“毫无疑问……”,第一个空应用that引导同位语从句;be worth doing sth.“值得做某事”,此处指《哈利·波特》值得一读。故选C。 29.B 【解析】句意:他们几乎不怀疑这个项目会取得巨大成功。 考查同位语从句。 whether是否;that (引导词,无实义) ;if是否;why为什么。“…the project will be a great success”是一个完整的句子,用于解释说明名词doubt的具体内容,因此是一个同位语从句。根据语法规则,当doubt用于否定句或疑问句中时,其后的同位语从句通常由that引导;当doubt用于肯定句中时,其后的同位语从句通常由whether引导。They have little doubt…意为“他们几乎没有疑问……”,是否定句,故应用that引导同位语从句。故选B。 30.A 【解析】句意:毫无疑问,每天读英语故事有助于提高我们的词汇量。 考查连词辨析。that无实际意义,常引导宾语从句、同位语从句等;if如果,是否,引导条件状语从句或宾语从句;whether是否;which哪一个。“There is no doubt that...”为固定句型,意为 “毫无疑问……”,此处需用that引导同位语从句。故选A。 31.A 【解析】句意:私家车的普及带来了一个新问题,那就是路况需要改善。 考查同位语从句以及动词不定式的被动式。根据“There is a new problem...road conditions need...”可知新问题是路况需要改善,故此处是同位语从句,从句不缺成分,用that引导同位语从句;主语road conditions和improve之间是被动关系,故此处用结构need to be done。故选A。 32.A 【解析】句意:——我打算这周末去参观上海。但是我不知道如何出行。——你可以下载一些打车软件。这非常方便。 考查同位语从句。通过句子结构分析可知,此处从句在句子中作“no idea”的同位语。同位语从句满足陈述语序,排除B和D;根据“You can download some car-hailing apps.”可知,此处表达的是:不知道如何出行,A符合题意。故选A。 33.B 【解析】句意:汤姆是否是最适合这项工作的人选还有待商讨。 考查同位语从句。which哪一个;whether是否;that那个;what什么。根据“There is some doubt”可知,在有doubt的句子中,否定句和疑问句中用that引导同位语从句;在肯定句中用whether引导同位语从句。此处是肯定句,故用whether。故选B。 34.C 【解析】句意:他几乎毫不怀疑这个项目会成功,是么? 考查同位语从句和反意疑问句。“hardly”表达“几乎不”,句子是否定句。“doubt”是名词,表达“怀疑”,在否定句中接“that”引导从句“the project will be a success”。“hardly”为否定形式,反意疑问句的疑问部分用肯定形式,“had”为动词的过去式,疑问部分用“did”放在主语“he”前。故选C。 35.A 【解析】句意:其中一个人认为书里说的是对的。 考查同位语从句。“the book said was right”是同位语从句,解释名词view“观点”的内容,用“that”引导,在同位语从句中,“said”缺少宾语,故用“what”表示“……的”,故选A。 二、 1 36.deal 37.patient 38.process 39.suggests 40.exactly 41.avoid 42.doubt 43.conversations 44.whom 45.seldom 【解析】本文是一篇说明文,主要讲述了学习新学科时使用正确方法的重要性,并介绍了一些有助于取得进步的学习方法。 36.句意:但是使用正确的方法可以帮助我们更好地应对困难。根据汉语提示可知,deal with表示“对待,处理”,help sb. do sth.表示“帮助某人做某事”,所以此处用动词原形。故填deal。 37.句意:首先,有耐心是很重要的。根据汉语提示可知,patient表示“有耐心的”,形容词作表语。故填patient。 38.句意:学习是一个循序渐进的过程,没有人能很快掌握所有东西。根据汉语提示可知,process表示“过程”,名词,故填process。 39.句意:一位好老师经常建议定期复习功课。根据汉语提示可知,suggest表示“建议”,动词,主语是第三人称单数,时态为一般现在时,动词用三单形式。故填suggests。 40.句意:这恰恰是导致成功的习惯。根据汉语提示可知,exactly表示“确切地”,副词修饰整个句子。故填exactly。 41.句意:不要试图避免它们,因为错误是学习的宝贵机会。根据汉语提示可知,avoid表示“避免”,动词,try to do sth.表示“试图做某事”,所以此处用动词原形。故填avoid。 42.句意:毫无疑问,使用语言也非常重要。根据汉语提示可知,doubt表示“疑问”,without doubt表示“毫无疑问”。故填doubt。 43.句意:试着和朋友进行简单的交谈。根据汉语提示可知,conversation表示“交谈”,名词,此处用名词复数表示泛指。故填conversations。 44.句意:找一个能定期一起练习的学习伙伴也很有帮助。根据汉语提示可知,whom表示“谁”,引导定语从句,修饰先行词partner,在从句中作介词with的宾语。故填whom。 45.句意:然而,有些学生在感到困惑时很少提问。根据汉语提示可知,seldom表示“很少”,副词修饰动词ask。故填seldom。 2 46.ordering 47.In 48.brought 49.shouting 50.If/When 51.Finally 52.the 53.his 54.boxes 55.doing 【解析】本文介绍了古代的外卖情况,包括宋朝皇帝和百姓点外卖的现象,以及当时外卖的相关服务和工具。 46.句意:现在,越来越多的人喜欢点外卖。根据“like”可知,此处考查like doing sth.“喜欢做某事”,因此用“order”的动名词形式“ordering”。故填ordering。 47.句意:事实上,甚至在宋朝就有外卖了。根据“fact”可知,此处考查固定短语in fact“事实上”,且句首首字母大写。故填In。 48.句意:他的仆人们在城里四处走动,把食物带回来。根据“went”可知,此处描述的是过去发生的事情,因此用一般过去时,“bring”的过去式是“brought”。故填brought。 49.句意:餐馆里的工人们在街上大声叫喊,花了很大的精力,以便更多的人会出来观看。根据“spent much energy”可知,此处考查固定短语spend+时间/金钱+(in) doing sth.“花费时间/金钱做某事”,因此用“shout”的动名词形式“shouting”。故填shouting。 50.句意:如果他们点了菜/当他们点了菜,工人们就会把食物送到他们家。根据“they ordered the dishes”和“the workers would take food to their homes”可知,前后句为条件关系或时间关系,因此用“if”或“when”引导条件状语从句或时间状语从句,且句首首字母大写。故填If/When。 51.句意:最后,他们可以吃到他们喜欢的菜。根据“they could have the dishes they like”可知,此处表示最后的结果,因此用“final”的副词形式“finally”,且句首首字母大写。故填Finally。 52.句意:在著名的画作《清明上河图》中,我们可以看到一个外卖工人手里拿着一个饭盒在走。根据“famous painting Along the River During the Qingming Festival”可知,此处特指《清明上河图》这幅画,因此用定冠词“the”。故填the。 53.句意:在著名的画作《清明上河图》中,我们可以看到一个外卖工人手里拿着一个饭盒在走。根据“hand”可知,此处表示“他的手”,因此用“he”的形容词性物主代词“his”。故填his。 54.句意:当时的人们甚至还为外卖菜做了特别的饭盒。根据“special meal”和“for takeout dishes”可知,此处表示不止一个饭盒,因此用“box”的复数形式“boxes”。故填boxes。 55.句意:通过这样做,他们可以随时吃到热饭。根据“By”可知,此处考查固定短语by doing sth.“通过做某事”,因此用“do”的动名词形式“doing”。故填doing。 ( 1 / 2 )学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $

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专题09 名词性从句(语法知识)-2026年中考英语一轮系统化复习讲练(浙江专用)
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专题09 名词性从句(语法知识)-2026年中考英语一轮系统化复习讲练(浙江专用)
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专题09 名词性从句(语法知识)-2026年中考英语一轮系统化复习讲练(浙江专用)
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