Unit7 The natural world 第3课时 Grammar（知识详解+课堂练习）2025-2026学年译林版八年级英语上册

该资料聚焦八年级Unit7语法，系统梳理三种及物动词句型（S+V+O、S+V+IO+DO、S+V+O+OC）和连词and/but/or/so用法。从基础主谓宾句型出发，递进讲解双宾语（IO+DO）中介词to/for的动词分类，再到宾补（OC）的不同形式及动词搭配，最后结合连词用法，构建语法学习支架。 知识链路按“句型结构—动词分类—连词应用”逻辑清晰呈现，双宾语分to/for动词列表、宾补分动词搭配类型便于记忆。练习涵盖单选（句型辨析）、单词拼写（主题词汇）、完形填空（语境应用）、短文填空（环保主题），结合单元“自然世界”主题，通过分类梳理和语境练习提升语言能力，培养语法逻辑思维与环保意识，助力综合素养发展。

2024译林版八年级Unit7 The natural world Grammar（知识详解+课堂练习） 【三种句型】 （一）由及物动词构成的基本句型结构有三种: △主+谓+宾(S+V+O) 例如:Wendy bought a book. △主+谓+间宾+直宾(S+V+I0 +DO) 在双宾语句子中间接宾语往往是人:直接宾语往往是物。 例如:Nancy gave me a hat. IO(间接宾语 人)DO(直接宾语物) 例如：Hobo built Eddie a tent. 1O(间接宾语 人)DO(直接宾语 物)在这一结构中，间接宾语可改成一个由to/ for引导的短语。 例如:He gave me a bike.This term, Mr. Wang teaches us Chinese.在具体表达时,可以将直接宾语提前。如果直接宾语在前,间接宾语在后,要根据具体的意思在间接宾语前加上相应的介词。 My parents bought some storybooks for me.They gave a lot of storybooks to us. 主+谓+sb.+sth.=主+谓+sth.+to+sb. I often lend him my book.=I often lend my book to him. 以下动词用to： give/hand/lend/offer pass/post/read/sell/send/show/take/teach/tell/write +sb. sth. +sth. to sb. 主+谓+sb.+sth.=主+谓+sth.+for+sb. I often buy my sister some books. =I often buy some books for my sister. 以下动词用for： build/buy/cook/find get/leave/make/order pick/prepare/save +sb. sth. +sth. for sb. △A主+谓+宾(S+V+O+OC)宾语和宾语补足语 例如：Eddie is watching Hobo work. 宾语补足语,简称宾补(描述宾语,补充说明宾语情况) 动词虽然是及物动词,但是一宾语还不能表达完整的意思，须加上一个补充成分来补足宾语才能使意思完整。 宾语补足语是补充说明宾语的情况。作宾语补足语的词通常是名词、形容词、副词、动词不定式或动名词等。 We can help you develop new skills.不带to 的动词不定式做宾补 I don't want you to work too hard. 带to的动词不定式做宾补状语 The news made everyone happy.形容词做宾补 主+谓+宾+宾补常见的动词搭配 I invite him to my party. The teacher made him clean the classroom. He made the girl cry. 常用动词： Advise /ask/invite/teach/order(命令)/tell/need/want + sb. to do sth. + sb, not to do sth. help半帮助 使役动词:make,let,have 感官动词:see,watch,hear, notice +sb. do sth. 【连词 and、but、or、so 的用法】 1. and:用于连接相似的想法或并列的成分,表示“和:并且” 例如:He is tall and strong.他又高又壮。 特殊情况:连接两个以上的表达时,通常只在最后一个前用and。 The desert is hot, dry and covered by sand.沙漠炎热、干燥且被沙子覆盖。 2. but:用于连接不同的想法,表示转折,意为“但是” 例如:It's sunny today, but it's a little cold.今天天气晴朗，但有点冷 This kind of fish can find enough space here, but they can find little food. 这种鱼在这里能找到足够的空间，但是几乎找不到食物。 3. or(或者;也不) 用法1:用于引出另一种可能性,表示“或者，否则”，在否定句中连接两个或多个并列成分。 例如:You can go to the park or stay at home.你可以去公园或者待在家里。 用法2:在否定句中，连接两个或多个观点。 例如:The deep ocean isn't warm, bright or noisy.深海不温暖、不明亮，也不嘈杂。 4. so:表示结果,意为“所以;因此” 例如:He was ill, so he didn't go to school.他生病了,所以没去上学。 【课堂练习】 一、单项选择 1．What is the sentence pattern of “The news makes me happy”? A．S+V B．S+V+O C．S+V+P D．S+V+O+OC 2．What is the sentence structure of “Eddie is watching Hobo work.”? A．S+V+O B．S+V+IO+DO C．S+V+P D．S+V+O+OC 3．—What’s the basic structure of the sentence “Our English teacher sometimes tells us interesting stories in class.”? —It is “________”. A．S+V+P B．S+V+IO+DO C．S+V+O D．S+V+O+OC 4．Keep working hard, ________ you’ll find out the answer to the problem. A．or B．and C．but D．so 5．—My goal is to go to the Tiangong Space Station as an astronaut. —Work hard, ________ you can make it. A．and B．so C．but D．or 二、单词拼写 6．More and more people came to realize the importance of protecting ________. (野生动物) 7．Some people like keeping goldfish as pets because they are not _________ (吵闹的) at all. 8．—What ________ (导致) his stomachache, doctor? —Eating too much. 9．The future of robots is one of the popular ________ (话题) among students. 10．During their stay in Mount Huang, they took q________ a few wonderful photos. 三、完形填空 Ever since “Mother Nature” gave me life, I expected to grow tall and big. As a young         11        , I was well protected in the forest. I used to have a good time with my friends under the blue sky and along the river. Our only purpose was to stand high. My pal, Tim often said, “All I ask for is to be         12         the whole day.” More than 300 days passed and we grew straight. Until one day, our         13         birthday, people came, moved us from the         14         and put us on their trucks. “I don’t want to go!” Tim cried. After a long journey, we arrived in a completely different place with nothing green. Here we were planted in a line. Because the wind blew strongly, I could not even open my eyes to see Tim         15         beside me. So we needed enough         16         to grow thicker and higher to stop the wind. As time went by, we finally         17         much stronger. I could keep my eyes open in the wind! I even found the blue sky was back! This was no longer a no-man’s-land, and hundreds of visitors came here. A man took a picture of us with his         18        , “Thank you. We can enjoy clear days without worrying about sand storms.” A young girl jumping up and down         19         and hugged me. “Thank you,” she said, “It’s you that have turned the desert into a green land!” Tim and I smiled at each other, feeling         20        . The sun was shining brightly in the bluer sky. 11．A．tree B．fish C．girl D．boy 12．A．smart B．happy C．busy D．thin 13．A．first B．second C．third D．fourth 14．A．beach B．lake C．house D．earth 15．A．clearly B．greatly C．kindly D．widely 16．A．desert B．wind C．sand D．water 17．A．became B．smelt C．sounded D．remained 18．A．radio B．keyboard C．backpack D．camera 19．A．came back B．came over C．came out D．came from 20．A.tired B．bored C．proud D．Surprised 四、短文填空 (请填入所给词适当形式或根据上下文填入合适的词)。 Humans share the earth with lots of wildlife. However, many of our lovely 21． (animal) friends may not be around for much 22． (long). The Living Planet Report by the WWF in October shows the population of several animals has gone down by 60 percent since 1970. In fact, 3/4 of the world’s land was affected (影响) by human 23． (act). Many forests have been cut down to make farmland. About three hundred kinds of animals are 24． (die) out because of over hunting. Another example is overfishing: The Chinese paddle fish (白鲟) were one of the world’s 25． (large) freshwater fish, which could grow to seven meters. The fish 26． a big nose is also called “elephant fish”. The Chinese paddle fish started to live on the earth from the Jurassic period (侏罗纪时期). However, scientists from China said they had died out. “We should find ways to meet the needs of our growing population while protecting the environment.” the WWF said. It has called on world governments to work together 27． (protect) people and nature. There are several things we can do. For 28．, we shouldn’t use things 29． (make) of the body parts of animals. We should all play a part in taking care 30． the beautiful earth and lovely animals. 【参考答案】 一、1-5 DADBA 二、6.wild animals 7.noisy 8.caused 9.topics 10.quite 三、11-20 ABADA　DADBC 四、21.animals 22.longer 23.actions 24.dying 25.largest 26.with 27.to protect 28.example 29.made 30.of 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $