专题05 单项选择（动词的时态语态、非谓语动词、情态动词） - 【湖南省对口招生】五年（2021-2025）英语真题分类汇编（原卷版+解析版）

【湖南省对口招生】五年（2021-2025）英语真题分类汇编 专题05 单项选择（动词的时态语态、非谓语动词、情态动词） 1. 判断句子的时态，并掌握常见动词时态的构成； 2. 辨析相似动词时态的构成，并准确使用； 3. 掌握被动语态的简单形式，并能与时态区分开来； 4. 掌握非谓语动词和情态动词的常见用法及考法。 考向01 动词的时态和语态 2025年 1. I ________ a magazine in the library when a sudden noise came from the outside. A. have read B. would read C. am reading D. was reading 【答案】D 【详解】考查过去进行时。句意：当外面突然传来一声响动时，我正在图书馆看杂志。“when”引导的时间状语从句中，从句动作“came”是过去发生的短暂性动作，主句表示从句动作发生时，主句动作正在进行，要用过去进行时（was/were doing）。 故选D。 2. Six labs ________ in the past three years, which improve the condition of doing research in our school. A. are building B. are built C. will build D. have been built 【答案】D 【详解】考查现在完成时的被动语态。句意：过去三年里已经建成了六个实验室，这改善了我们学校的科研条件。句中“in the past three years”是现在完成时的标志，且“labs”与“build”是被动关系，所以用现在完成时的被动语态（have/has been done）。故选D。 2024年 1. Jack ________ for the bookstore. Do you have any books to be bought? A. is leaving B. had left C. was leaving D. left 【答案】A 【详解】考查现在进行时。句意：杰克正要去书店。你有什么书要买吗？根据“Do you have any books to be bought?”可推断出，此处意在表明杰克即将前往书店这一即将发生的动作，所以应用一般将来时，而表示移动的动词如leave、come等，需用现在进行时表将来，故用is leaving。故选A。 2. Mr. Smith created a new game. Soon all his students ________ the rules to play it. A. teach B. taught C. was taught D. were taught 【答案】D 【详解】考查一般过去时的被动语态。句意：史密斯先生创造了一个新游戏。很快，他所有的学生都被教会了玩这个游戏的规则。分析句子结构可知，主语all his students与teach之间是被动关系，应用被动语态；根据“created”可知，此句为一般过去时，所以应选择一般过去时的被动语态，且主语“students”为复数，所以be动词用were；故选D。 2023年 1. Don’t leave your toys on the table, or I ________ them away. A. threw B. will throw C. have thrown D. had thrown 【答案】B 【详解】考查时态。句意：不要把你的玩具放在桌子上，否则我会把它们扔掉。分析句子可知，这是一句祈使句，该句使用了“祈使句+ or +简单句”的结构，意为“否则的话”，该结构中的简单句常用一般将来时，一般将来时的结构为“will + 动词原形”。故选B。 2. —Mmm, delicious. What is it? —It ________ Zongzi, Jim. It’s a traditional Chinese food. A. calls B. was called C. called D. is called 【答案】D 【详解】考查一般现在时态的被动语态。句意：—妈妈，好香啊！是什么呀？—它被称为粽子，吉姆。它是一道中国的传统食物。由上下文可知，“它被称为粽子”用一般现在时；“It ”和“call”之间是被动关系，被动语态结构是：主语+be+过去分词，所以“它被称为”可翻译为“It is called”。故选D项。 2022年 1. Helen left teaching in 2010 and ________ working in her present job. A. would begin B. had begun C. began D. begins 【答案】C 【详解】考查一般过去时。句意：海伦于2010年辞去教职并开始从事现在的工作。根据“Helen left teaching in 2010 and ... working in her present job.”可知，“left”是过去式，and 连接的两个动作时态应保持一致，所以“begin”也应该用过去式“began”。故选C。 2. Today, many practical lessons ________ in this technical school. A. given B. were given C. give D. are given 【答案】D 【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：如今，这所技校提供许多实践课。“many practical lessons”和动词“give”之间是被动关系；根据时间状语Today可知，该句用一般现在时。因此空格处用一般现在时被动语态。故选D。 2021年 1. China ________ great achievements in science and technology since 2012. A. makes B. made C. has made D. had made 【答案】C 【详解】考查现在完成时。句意：2012年以来，中国科技事业取得了巨大成就。“since 2012”是现在完成时的标志词，故本句用现在完成时，现在完成时的构成是“have/has + 过去分词”；“China”是第三人称单数，所以用“has”，“make”的过去分词是“made”，因此选择“has made”。故选C。 2. There will be fewer workers in factories because most work ________ by robots in the future. A. was done B. has done C. will be done D. will do 【答案】C 【详解】考查动词的时态和语态。句意：工厂里的工人将会减少，因为未来大多数工作将由机器人完成。根据时间状语in the future可知，此句用一般将来时；主语most work和动词do之间是被动关系，因此用一般将来时的被动语态，结构为“will be+过去分词”。故选C。 考向02 非谓语动词 2025年 1. People may use different body languages ________ the same feelings. A. show B. showed C. to show D. being showed 【答案】C 【详解】考查不定式。句意：人们可能用不同的肢体语言来表达相同的感受。短语“use sth. to do sth.”意为“用某物去做某事”。分析句子可知，空处需填入成分来表明使用肢体语言的目的，故不定式“to show”符合语境。故选C。 2. Jack’s father can’t stand ________ soap operas. He enjoys sports games on TV. A. watch B. to watch C. watching D. watched 【答案】C 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：杰克的爸爸无法忍受看肥皂剧。他喜欢看体育比赛。分析句子结构及选项可知，句中含有固定搭配“can’t stand + doing sth.”意为“无法忍受做某事”。故选C。 2024年 1. _______ in thought, he almost ran into the tree in front of him. A. Lose B. Losing C. Lost D. To lose 【答案】C 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他陷入了沉思，差点撞上了前面的树。分析句子结构可知，本句已有谓语动词ran，所以空白处应为非谓语动词，be lost in thought意为“陷入沉思”，过去分词短语“lost in thought”在句中作原因状语。故选C。 2. After school, students rushed out of the school gate, _______ all the way. A. to laugh B. laugh C. laughed D. laughing 【答案】D 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：放学后，学生们冲出校门，一路上笑着。分析句子结构可知，句子中有谓语动词“rushed”，所以空白处应为非谓语动词，且students与laugh之间是主动关系，所以应选择现在分词作状语，表示伴随。故选D。 3. She is always the first student ________ to the class and the last to leave. A. coming B. came C. comes D. to come 【答案】D 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：她总是第一个到教室，最后一个离开。动词不定式通常做后置定语，表示一种经常反复发生的动作；“the+序数词+名词+不定式”结构，意为“第几个做某事的人”。该句中动词不定式to come修饰表语the first student，表示总是第一个到教室。故选D。 2023年 1. The teacher entered the classroom, with several students ________ him. A. following B. followed C. follows D. follow 【答案】A 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：老师进入教室，几个学生跟着他。分析句子结构可知，with several students … him 是一个“with + 宾语 + 宾语补足语”复合结构，在句中作伴随状语。“several students”与“follow”之间是主动关系，故应用现在分词“following”。故选A。 2022年 1. He gets up early every day ________ the first bus as his home is far from his workplace. A. to catch B. caught C. catching D. catch 【答案】A 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：由于家离工作地点很远，他每天都起得很早赶第一班公交车。分析句子可知，gets up early every day的目的是“catch  the first bus”，故用动词不定式作目的状语。故选A。 2021年 1. Tom took a taxi to the airport, only his plane high up in the sky. A. finding B. to find C. having found D. to have found 【答案】B 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：Tom乘出租车去了机场，不料他乘坐的飞机已经起飞了。分析句子可知，“find”动作在“took”之后，又根据“only+ 动词不定式”表示没料到的结果，在句中作状语。故选B。 考向03 情态动词 2023年 1. —Whose dictionary is this? —It ________ be Jack’s. Look, his name is on Page 1. A. must B. need C. won’t D. can’t 【答案】A 【详解】考查情态动词。句意：—这本字典是谁的？—一定是杰克的。看，第一页上有他的名字。A. must一定；B. need需要；C. won’t不会；D. can’t不能。根据“his name is on Page 1”可知，此处表示肯定的猜测，意为“一定是”，用must be。故选A。 ( 1 )原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 【湖南省对口招生】五年（2021-2025）英语真题分类汇编 专题05 单项选择（动词的时态语态、非谓语动词、情态动词） 1. 判断句子的时态，并掌握常见动词时态的构成； 2. 辨析相似动词时态的构成，并准确使用； 3. 掌握被动语态的简单形式，并能与时态区分开来； 4. 掌握非谓语动词和情态动词的常见用法及考法。 考向01 动词的时态和语态 2025年 1. I ________ a magazine in the library when a sudden noise came from the outside. A. have read B. would read C. am reading D. was reading 2. Six labs ________ in the past three years, which improve the condition of doing research in our school. A. are building B. are built C. will build D. have been built 2024年 1. Jack ________ for the bookstore. Do you have any books to be bought? A. is leaving B. had left C. was leaving D. left 2. Mr. Smith created a new game. Soon all his students ________ the rules to play it. A. teach B. taught C. was taught D. were taught 2023年 1. Don’t leave your toys on the table, or I ________ them away. A. threw B. will throw C. have thrown D. had thrown 2. —Mmm, delicious. What is it? —It ________ Zongzi, Jim. It’s a traditional Chinese food. A. calls B. was called C. called D. is called 2022年 1. Helen left teaching in 2010 and ________ working in her present job. A. would begin B. had begun C. began D. begins 2. Today, many practical lessons ________ in this technical school. A. given B. were given C. give D. are given 2021年 1. China ________ great achievements in science and technology since 2012. A. makes B. made C. has made D. had made 2. There will be fewer workers in factories because most work ________ by robots in the future. A. was done B. has done C. will be done D. will do 考向02 非谓语动词 2025年 1. People may use different body languages ________ the same feelings. A. show B. showed C. to show D. being showed 2. Jack’s father can’t stand ________ soap operas. He enjoys sports games on TV. A. watch B. to watch C. watching D. watched 2024年 1. _______ in thought, he almost ran into the tree in front of him. A. Lose B. Losing C. Lost D. To lose 2. After school, students rushed out of the school gate, _______ all the way. A. to laugh B. laugh C. laughed D. laughing 3. She is always the first student ________ to the class and the last to leave. A. coming B. came C. comes D. to come 2023年 1. The teacher entered the classroom, with several students ________ him. A. following B. followed C. follows D. follow 2022年 1. He gets up early every day ________ the first bus as his home is far from his workplace. A. to catch B. caught C. catching D. catch 2021年 1. Tom took a taxi to the airport, only his plane high up in the sky. A. finding B. to find C. having found D. to have found 考向03 情态动词 2023年 1. —Whose dictionary is this? —It ________ be Jack’s. Look, his name is on Page 1. A. must B. need C. won’t D. can’t ( 1 )原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $