Unit 3 Food and Culture 教材原文助读6-【优学精讲】2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第二册教用Word(人教版)

本高中英语讲义以“健康饮食”为主题，通过“词汇积累”与语篇阅读构建学习支架。词汇积累涵盖46个核心词汇及短语，包括熟词生义、固定搭配和重点词汇，助力学生理解语篇关键表达，语篇则围绕糖分对健康的影响、饮食建议等展开，形成词汇学习与主题理解的连贯脉络。 该资料特色在于词汇与语篇深度融合，通过词汇支架提升语言能力，语篇中的长难句分析（如定语从句、虚拟语气）培养思维品质。例如“driver”的熟词生义解析帮助学生准确把握语篇观点，课中辅助教师讲解重难点，课后词汇列表与原文翻译便于学生自主复习，查漏补缺，提升学习能力。

教材原文助读6 ①as to(＝as for) 至于，关于 ②make up组成，构成 ③insist坚持说(后跟的宾语从句用陈述语气)；坚决要求(后跟的宾语从句用虚拟语气) ④driver n．[熟词生义]驱动因素 ⑤killer n．杀手，导致死亡的人(或动物、事物) ⑥calorie ['kæləri] n．卡路里(热量单位) ⑦be likely to do sth.很可能做某事 ⑧die from死于 ⑨association [əˌsəʊʃi'eIʃn] n．协会；关联 ⑩regardless of不管；不顾 regardless [rI'ɡɑːdləs] adv.不顾；不加理会 ⑪alone adj.唯一，仅仅，只有(常放在名词或代词后用来加强语气) ⑫recommend vt.推荐，建议 recommend doing sth. 建议做某事　 recommend that sb.(should) do sth.建议某人做某事 ⑬limit...to...把……限制 在/局限于……范围内 ⑭in other words换句话说 ⑮cut down on削减；减少 ⑯cut out停止做；戒除； 删去，删除；裁剪 ⑰category ['kætəɡəri] n. 类别；种类 ⑱vitamin ['vItəmIn；NAmE 'vaIt-] n.维生素　 ⑲fibre (especially US fiber) ['faIbə(r)] n．纤维；纤维制品 ⑳rather than而不是 ㉑quantity ['kwɒntəti] n. 数量；数额 large quantities of大量的 ㉒besides prep.除……之外还有 adv.而且 ㉓dairy ['deəri] adj.奶制的；乳品(业)的 n．乳制品；乳品店；牛奶厂　 ㉔as with正如；与……一样；就……来说 ㉕moderation [ˌmɒdə'reIʃn] n． 适度；合理 ㉖ideal [aI'diːəl] adj.完美的； 理想的；想象的 n．理想；完美的人(或事物) ㉗fundamental[ˌfʌndə'mentl]adj.根本的；基础的；基本的 n．基本规律；根本法则 ㉘a key to... ……的关键 ㉙chew [tʃuː] vi.& vt. 咀嚼；嚼碎 n．咀嚼 ㉚end up doing结果是做…… ㉛allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事 ㉜in addition(＝besides)而且，加之 ㉝consistent [kən'sIstənt] adj. 一致的；连续的 be consistent with...与……一致 ㉞for example(＝for instance) 例如 ㉟modest ['mɒdIst] adj. 些许的；谦虚的；朴素的 a modest amount of... 少量…… ㊱trick [trIk] n．诀窍；计谋；把戏 one trick to...一个……的诀窍 ㊲rather恰恰相反；而是 or rather更确切些；更准确地说 ㊳start with 从……开始 ㊴have a(n)... attitude towards对……持……的态度　 ㊵mostly adv.多半，通常 ㊶be on the right track 思路或行为方式正确 be on the wrong track 思路或行为方式错误 HEALTHY EATING There is much debate nowadays as to① [1]what makes up② a healthy diet. For example, scientists have insisted③ for years that a big enemy of health is fatty food. [2]However, there is increasing evidence that the real driver④ of poor health is not so much fatty food, as it is sugar. Heart disease is the number one killer⑤ of Americans. [3]And in America, people who receive 25% of their daily calories⑥ or more through sugar are twice as likely to⑦ die from⑧ heart disease than people who receive less than 10% a day (Journal of the American Medical Association⑨，2014). This is true regardless of⑩ how healthy the rest of their diet might be. Put more simply, while people continue to argue over whether or not fatty food is dangerous, we already know that sugar is a killer. [1]此处为what引导的宾语从句，what在从句中作主语。 [2]本句中that引导同位语从句，解释说明evidence的具体内容；as it is是一种语言衔接结构，意为“事实上、实际情况是”，多用来陈述一种原因或状况，尤其是该原因或状况与预期或期待存在不同时。 [3]本句为主从复合句。两个who均引导定语从句，分别修饰其前面的先行词people。 Much of this extra sugar comes from sweets and sweet drinks. The average American gets 1/3 of his or her sugar through sweet drinks alone⑪. [4]The American Heart Association recommends⑫ that we limit ourselves to⑬ less than 100-150 calories a day from sugar, which is less than what is usually contained in one can of sweet drink or in a single candy bar. In other words⑭， if you want to be healthy, you have to cut down on⑮ desserts, and cut out⑯ sweet drinks altogether. [4]本句为主从复合句。that在recommend后引导宾语从句，应用虚拟语气；which引导非限制性定语从句，其中包含what引导的宾语从句。 Beyond this, you can keep healthy by consuming different categories⑰ of fresh foods, especially fruit and vegetables, [5]which are full of vitamins⑱ and fibre⑲， rather than⑳ processed foods. Processed foods often contain less nutrition, and have higher quantities㉑ of sugar, salt, and fat than fresh ingredients. Besides㉒ this, it is also important to have some meat, beans, or dairy㉓ products in your diet, [6]as they provide the necessary protein for strong bones and muscle growth. As with㉔ everything in life, moderation㉕ is key. The ideal㉖ diet is a balanced one, without too much or too little of any one thing. [5]此处为which引导的非限制性定语从句。 [6]此处为as引导的原因状语从句。 Finally, a fundamental㉗ key to㉘ healthy eating is to eat slowly. It takes about twenty minutes from the time you start eating for your brain to tell your body that you are full. [7]What this means is that people who chew㉙ too quickly end up eating㉚ too much food because they still feel hungry. Eating slowly also allows your body to㉛ digest your food better, and will allow you to enjoy your food more. In addition㉜， studies show that consistent㉝ eating habits, for example㉞， taking three meals a day at the same time each day, are better for our health. It is also better to eat a modest㉟ amount of food each time, rather than to eat a lot in one meal, and then a little in the next. [7]本句中what引导主语从句，且在从句中作宾语；that引导表语从句，其中包含who引导的定语从句和because引导的原因状语从句。 There is no one trick㊱ to healthy eating. Rather㊲， healthy eating starts with㊳ having a healthy attitude towards㊴ food. One question you can ask yourself is，“Do I eat to live, or live to eat？” If you are using food mostly㊵ for nutrition, then you are on the right track㊶ with your diet. However, if food has become the centre of your life, you might be on the road to bad health. [8]It is up to you to decide how you want to live, and to make the right decisions about your diet. [8]此处为固定句式“It is up to sb. to do sth.”，意为“由某人决定做某事”；and连接两个动词不定式短语“to decide...”和“to make...”。 健康饮食 现在关于健康饮食的构成有很多争论。例如，多年来科学家一直认为健康的最大敌人是高脂肪食物。然而，越来越多的证据表明，健康不良的真正推手并非高脂肪食物，而是糖分。心脏病是美国人的头号杀手。在美国，每天从糖分中摄取25%或更高卡路里的人死于心脏病的可能性是日摄取量少于10%的人的两倍(《美国医学会杂志》，2014年)。无论他们其他方面的饮食多么健康，都确实如此。简单地说，当人们还在继续争论高脂肪食物是否有害时，我们已经知晓糖分是健康的杀手了。 多余的糖分大多来自甜食和含糖饮料。一个普通的美国人单从含糖饮料中摄取的糖分就占全部所摄入糖分的三分之一。美国心脏协会建议我们将每日的糖分摄入量限制在100至150卡路里以下，这少于一听含糖饮料或一块糖果通常所含糖分。换言之，如果你想健康，你就必须减少甜点的摄入，并且完全不喝含糖饮料。 除此以外，为了保持身体健康，你还可以食用不同种类的新鲜食物，尤其是富含维生素和纤维的水果和蔬菜，而不是加工食品。与新鲜的食材相比，加工食品通常营养成分较低，而糖分、盐分和脂肪含量却更高。此外，在你的饮食中摄取一些肉类、豆类或奶制品也十分重要，因为这些食物为强壮骨骼、肌肉生长提供必要的蛋白质。适量是关键，生活中万事均如此。理想的饮食是均衡的，要避免过多或过少摄入任何一种成分。 最后，健康饮食的基本要诀是细嚼慢咽。自开始进食起，大约20分钟后，你的大脑才会告知你的身体“你吃饱了”。这意味着咀嚼得太快的人最终会吃太多食物，因为他们仍然感到饥饿。细嚼慢咽还能让你的身体更好地消化食物，更充分地享受美食。此外，研究表明，有规律的饮食习惯对我们的健康更有好处。例如，每天在固定时间食用三餐。而且，最好每餐摄入适量的食物，而不是上一餐吃得多，下一餐吃得少。 健康饮食没有诀窍。相反，健康饮食始于健康的饮食态度。你可以问自己一个问题：“我是为了活着而吃饭，还是为了吃饭而活着？”如果你吃饭主要是为了获取营养，那么你已经踏上了正确的饮食道路。然而，如果食物已成为你生活的核心，那么你可能踏上了不健康的饮食之路。你想如何生活、如何做出正确的饮食抉择，这取决于你自己。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $