Unit3 博览万象·融会中西之文化通览-【优学精讲】2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第二册教用Word(人教版)

本讲义聚焦语言知识与文化认知融合，以高频词汇、话题佳句为基础支架，通过甲骨文语法填空（语法应用）、《经济学人》豆腐说明文（跨文化饮食对比）、《黑骏马》文学选段（叙事文本），构建从词汇语法到语篇理解、文化分析的学习脉络，覆盖词汇积累、语法运用、跨文化解读及文学赏析。 资料亮点在于文化意识与语言能力协同培养，融入中国甲骨文、书法等传统文化及中西饮食认知对比，提升跨文化理解；多样文本的词汇解析、语法分析及翻译指导，强化语言理解与表达。课中丰富素材助力情境化授课，课后词汇表、语法点及文本解析可帮助学生自主回顾，弥补知识盲点。

诗歌与书法 【高频词汇】 1．serene adj.　　　　　　平静的 2．melancholic adj. 忧郁的 3．nostalgic adj. 怀旧的；思乡的 4．ornate adj. 华美的 5．lyrical adj. 抒情的 6．romantic adj. 浪漫的 7．interpretation n. 解释；表演方式 8．script n. 笔迹 9．peculiar adj. 奇怪的；不寻常的 10．artistic merit 艺术价值 11．historical significance 历史意义 12．technical proficiency 技艺水平 13．aesthetic appeal 美学吸引力 【话题佳句】 1．(人教选必三U1)From bronze bowls to ceramic vases, and jade sculptures to ink wash paintings, our goal is to display the Chinese artistic genius from ancient times. 从青铜碗到陶瓷花瓶，从玉雕到水墨画，我们的目标是展示中国古代的艺术天赋。 2．(人教选必三U5)Widely known as a genius and often called the “Immortal Poet”， Li Bai (701-762) wrote with a romantic style and his poems celebrated things such as friendship, nature and wine. 李白(701－762)被誉为天才，常被称为“不朽的诗人”，他的诗歌以浪漫主义的风格创作，歌颂友谊、自然和美酒等事物。 3．(译林选必一U2)Butterfly Lovers combines Chinese and Western musical elements: it is played on Western instruments such as the violin, but more significantly, much of the music has its roots in Chinese Yue Opera. 《梁祝》融合了中西方的音乐元素：它是用小提琴等西方乐器演奏的，但更重要的是，很多音乐都源于中国越剧。 Oracle bone script is an ancient script carved on tortoise shells or animal bones and originates from divination practices. 1.Emerging(emerge) during the Shang Dynasty (B.C.160-B.C.1000), oracle bone script is now considered the oldest script in China. In Shang Dynasty, diviners (占卜者) would heat animal bones or tortoise shells until cracks formed. The interpretation of the crack patterns, served 2.as guidance from ancestors regarding future weather, military actions, crop harvests, royal births and other matters. The discovery of oracle bone script is a story filled with chance occurrences. In 1899, Wang Yirong, 3.an official and epigrapher (金石学家) in Beijing, noticed peculiar symbols on the “dragon bones” he purchased for medicinal use. As an expert in ancient scripts, he 4.keenly(keen) realized that these symbols could be ancient writing. Wang immediately sent people to purchase a large number of these inscribed oracle bones from the medicine shops 5.and conducted preliminary research on them. He confirmed that these symbols belonged to an ancient writing system even 6.older(old) than the known seal script (篆书), thus opening the academic study of oracle bone script. Oracle bone script is complicated in shape, 7.consisting(consist) of numerous pictographic and ideographic characters. It records the daily lives, social systems, religious 8.beliefs(belief) and various ritual activities of the Shang Dynasty people. Through the study of oracle bone script, we can gain insights into aspects of Shang Dynasty society such as social structure, religious concepts and economic activities. With further research on oracle bone script, there is a general 9.recognition(recognize) of its historical value and academic significance by the international scholarly community. In 2017, Oracle Bone Inscriptions in China 10.were__included(include) in the Memory of the World Register, signifying the international acknowledgment of their importance as a cultural heritage of humanity. World in a Dish: Thinking Outside the White Plastic Box Adapted from The Economist-20250201 Across the West, eating tofu is seen as weak and somehow unmanly. Obviously, this view is silly, and those who hold it are robbing themselves of a healthy, delicious and adaptable source of protein. Tofu—rich in calcium, protein and a variety of minerals—remained unknown in the West until the 1960s while Asians have eaten it for millennia. For some, tofu is too ordinary and tasteless that they eat it only because they feel they should. In a new book, Tofu: A Culinary History, Russell Thomas, a journalist, argues that bean curd deserves better than its worthy reputation. In some Asian languages, the words for “tofu” and “cheese” are similar, and they have strikingly similar production methods. Just as cheeses differ markedly in taste and texture, tofu takes a variety of forms, from delicate silken tofu (嫩豆腐)—delicious as a dessert when dressed with syrup—to the refrigerated boxed-in-water versions. For people who want to reduce their meat consumption, tofu can prove a surprisingly delicious substitute. Extra-firm tofu, crumbled and well-seasoned, makes a taco filling reminiscent (使回忆起) of Mexican chorizo (墨西哥辣香肠). Coated in cornstarch, shallow-fried and sauced, it makes a crisp, light stir-fry. Thawed tofu has a porous resilience that soaks up sauce, making it perfect for stews. But tofu need not stand in for meat. That's where we can learn from Asians. Across Asia, people see no contradiction in eating both meat and tofu, even in the same dish. In mapo tofu, a Sichuanese favourite, small chewy bits of beef or pork swimming in a spicy sauce complement tofu's tender delicacy. Then, soft tofu cut in squares makes a bed for a whole steamed fish bathed in chillies and garlic. Smoked or pressed tofu, with its firm and meaty texture, stir-fried with pork and celery, offers a quick and gentle lunch, served over rice. And though tofu sticks may look shiny and more like industrial products when packaged and dried, paired with chunks of pork belly in a spiced broth (肉汤), they make a winter stew hearty and delicious enough to convert the tofuphobe (讨厌豆腐的人)—and remind you never to judge a food by popular beliefs. 1．unmanly adj.无男子汉气概的；懦弱的 2．adaptable (熟词生义) adj.易于吸收的 3．calcium n．钙 4．millennia n. (pl.) 千年(millennium 的复数) 5．bean curd 豆腐 6．strikingly adv.显著地；引人注目地 7．differ v．不同；有差异 8．markedly adv.明显地 9．texture n．口感 10．delicate adj.精致的 11．syrup n．糖浆 12．substitute n．替代品 13．crumbled adj.弄碎的 14．well-seasoned adj.调味充分的 15．coated (熟词生义) adj.覆盖着…… 的；涂上…… 的 16．crisp adj.& n．脆的；酥脆的 17．soak up 吸收；摄取 18．stew n．炖菜；炖煮 19．stand in for 代替；代表 20．contradiction n．矛盾；反驳；对立 21．complement v．补充；补足 22．pair with 与……配对；与……搭配 23．chunk n．大块 24．hearty adj.丰盛的 25．convert v．转变；转化 　 答案：1.reputation　2.Similarities　3.substitute　4.combine　5.judge In the West, there's a wrong view that eating tofu is 1.unmanly. However, tofu is undervalued as it is quite 2.nutritious. It has various forms and can substitute meat. In Asia, it is combined with 3.meat,__creating great dishes. 1.Obviously, this view is silly, and those who hold it are robbing themselves of a healthy, delicious and adaptable source of protein. [分析]　句中第一个and连接两个并列句；who引导限制性定语从句。 [翻译]　显然，这种观点很愚蠢，持有这一观点的人是在剥夺自己获取一种健康、美味且易于吸收的蛋白质来源的机会。 2.Just as cheeses differ markedly in taste and texture, tofu takes a variety of forms, from delicate silken tofu—delicious as a dessert when dressed with syrup—to the refrigerated boxed-in-water versions. [分析]　句中as引导方式状语从句；when引导时间状语从句，从句中省略主语和be动词。 [翻译]　正如奶酪在口味和口感方面差异显著，豆腐也有多种形态，从口感细腻的嫩豆腐(淋上糖浆可作为美味的甜点)到冷藏的盒装水豆腐都有。 3.And though tofu sticks may look shiny and more like industrial products when packaged and dried, paired with chunks of pork belly in a spiced broth, they make a winter stew hearty and delicious enough to convert the tofuphobe—and remind you never to judge a food by popular beliefs. [分析]　句中though引导让步状语从句；when引导时间状语从句，从句中省略主语和be动词；“paired with...in a spiced broth”为过去分词短语作状语。 [翻译]　尽管包装好的干豆腐串看起来光亮，更像是工业产品，但与五花肉块一起在调好味的肉汤中炖煮的话，它们能让冬日的炖菜变得丰盛可口，足以让讨厌豆腐的人改变看法——也提醒你永远不要根据流行的看法来评判一种食物。 My Early Home Excerpt from Black Beauty “黑骏马”天资聪颖，但遭受厄运，几经易主，历经磨难，最终在与死神擦肩而过后重获新生。 The first place that① I can well remember was a large pleasant meadow (草地) with a pond of clear water in it. Some shady (阴凉的) trees leaned over② it, and rushes (灯芯草) and water-lilies (睡莲) grew at the deep end. Over the hedge (树篱) on one side we looked into a plowed (犁过的) field, and on the other we looked over a gate at our master's house, which③ stood by the roadside; at the top of the meadow was a wood of fir (冷杉) trees④， and at the bottom a running brook (小溪) overhung (悬垂) by a steep bank⑤. While⑥ I was young I lived upon⑦ my mother's milk, as⑧ I could not eat grass. In the daytime I ran by her side, and at night I lay down close by her. When it was hot we used to stand⑨ by the pond in the shade of the trees, and when it was cold we had a nice warm shed (棚子) near the grove (树丛). As soon as⑩ I was old enough to eat grass, my mother would go out to work in the daytime, and come back in the evening. There were six young colts (雄马驹) in the meadow besides me; they were older than I was; some were nearly as large as⑪ grown-up⑫ horses. I used to run with them, and had great fun; we used to gallop (驰骋) all together round and round the field as hard as we could go. Sometimes we had rather rough⑬ play, for they would frequently⑭ bite and kick as well as gallop. One day, when there was a good deal of⑮ kicking, my mother whinnied (轻声嘶鸣) to me to come to her, and then she said，“I wish you to pay attention to⑯ what⑰ I am going to say to you. The colts who⑱ live here are very good colts, but they are cart (运货马车) horse colts, and of course they have not learned manners⑲. You have been well-bred (有教养的) and well-born; your father has a great name⑳ in these parts, and your grandfather won the cup two years at the Newmarket races; your grandmother had the sweetest temper㉑ of any horse I ever knew, and I think you have never seen me kick or bite. I hope you will grow up gentle and good, and never learn bad ways; do your work with a good will㉒， lift your feet up well when you trot (小跑), and never bite or kick even in play.” I have never forgotten my mother's advice; I knew she was a wise old horse, and our master thought a great deal of her. Her name was Duchess (女公爵), but he often called her Pet. Our master was a good, kind man. He gave us good food, good lodging (住处), and kind words; he spoke as kindly to us as he did to his little children. We were all fond of㉓ him, and my mother loved him very much. When she saw him at the gate she would neigh (嘶叫) with joy, and trot up to him. He would pat and stroke㉔ her and say, “Well, old Pet, and how is your little Darkie？” I was a dull black, so he called me Darkie; then he would give me a piece of bread, which was very good, and sometimes he brought a carrot for my mother. All the horses would come to ①此处为that引导定语从句，that在从句中作宾语。 ②lean over 斜在……上方 ③此处为which引导非限制性定语从句。 ④此处为介词短语置于句首引起的完全倒装。 ⑤bank [熟词生义] n. 河岸 ⑥此处为while引导时间状语从句。 ⑦live upon sth.以某物为生 ⑧此处为as引导原因状语从句。 ⑨used to do过去常常做 ⑩此处为as soon as引导时间状语从句。 ⑪as...as... 和……一样…… ⑫grown-up adj. 成年的 ⑬rough adj.粗暴的 ⑭frequently adv. 频繁地 ⑮a good deal of 大量的 ⑯pay attention to 注意 ⑰此处为what引导宾语从句。 ⑱此处为who引导定语从句，who在从句中作主语。 ⑲manner n. 礼仪 ⑳name [熟词生义] n. 名誉 ㉑temper n. 脾气 ㉒a good will 善意 ㉓be fond of 喜爱 ㉔stroke v. 轻抚(动物的毛皮) ㉕pluck v. 摘 ㉖此处为what引导宾语从句。 ㉗此处为v.-ing形式作状语。 ㉘for表示原因。 ㉙in a snap 立刻；马上 ㉚give sb. a box on the ear 打某人一耳光 ㉛roar v. 叫喊 ㉜chase v. 追赶 ㉝well-off adj. 境况良好的 him, but I think we were his favorites. My mother always took him to the town on a market day in a light gig (轻便两轮马车). There was a plowboy (耕童), Dick, who sometimes came into our field to pluck㉕ blackberries from the hedge. When he had eaten all he wanted, he would have what㉖ he called fun with the colts, throwing㉗ stones and sticks at them to make them gallop. We did not much mind him, for㉘ we could gallop off; but sometimes a stone would hit and hurt us. One day he was at this game, and did not know that the master was in the next field; but he was there, watching what was going on; over the hedge he jumped in a snap㉙， and catching Dick by the arm, he gave him such a box on the ear㉚ as made him roar㉛ with the pain and surprise. As soon as we saw the master, we trotted up nearer to see what went on. “Bad boy！” he said, “Bad boy! To chase㉜ the colts. This is not the first time, nor the second, but it shall be the last. There—take your money and go home; I shall not want you on my farm again.” So we never saw Dick any more. Old Daniel, the man who looked after the horses, was just as gentle as our master, so we were well-off㉝. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $