Unit 1 单元过关检测（一）-【优学精讲】2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第一册教用Word(人教版)

单元过关检测一。第一部分，听力。第一节听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的ABC3个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题，每段对话仅读一遍。Text one, john, is mark coming for t tomorrow? Yes. I told you yesterday. today. Oh, did you sorry, I must forgotten. Text two, what's the hurry? We'd like you to stay for dinner. Well. thank you. But Helen and I have to meet my parents at the railway station. Text three hi, tom. We had to start the meeting without you. I know my . flight was delayed because of the heavy rain. but you are just in time for the discussion. Text for, excuse me, we've been waiting to play tennis since ten thirty IT must be our turn now . I don't think so. We haven't finished IT yet. You'll have to wait. We've been standing here patiently watching you, and it's time for you to stop. Text five. So Robert, how do you feel this year? You've worked really hard to increase our sales. It's been a bit up and down, but i'll meet my sales targets last year. You promise that I would be promoted if I met . my sales targets. 第二节听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的ABC3个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟。听完后各各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍，听第六段材料，回答第六、七题。Take six. Okay, mr. Taylor, let's go ahead and begin. First of all, tell me about your last job. Well, I worked for five years at high . tech computers. Okay, hi tech. How about your website writing skills? Oh, we are looking for someone to create and manage our company's website. website, website. Ha, I don't think i've read that book. Uh, and what about the experience with making a flash? Well, I think sometimes computer flash, if that's what you mean. Okay, mr. Taylor, I think I have all the information I need. Oh, and I really like computer games. I play them every day. right? right? Thanks, mr. Taylor. We'll be in touch. OK. mr. Taylor, let's go ahead and begin. First of all, tell me about your last job. Well, I worked for five years at high . tech computers. Okay, hi tech. How about your website writing skills? Oh, we are looking for someone to create and manage our company's website. a website, website. Ha, I don't think i've read that book. huh? And what about the experience with making a flash? Well, I think sometimes computer flash, if that's what you mean. Okay, mr. Taylor, I think I have all the information I need. Oh, and I really like computer games. I play them every day. right? right? thanks. mr. Taylor will be in touch. 听第七段材料，回答第八、九题。Tex, seven, tonight, we've planned a little gathering in this meeting room and informal, get together. If you'd like to join us, you'd meet some other colleagues. And then we planned to go out to dinner together, a well known restaurant. I don't know if you have any other plans this evening. No, not at all. No plans. Well, that sounds like a good combination, talking and eating. So if you like, we'll meet here again about seven, and i'll take . IT from there. Yes, that's perfect. tonight. We've planned a little gathering in this meeting room and informal, get together. If you'd like to join us, you'd meet some other colleagues. And then we planned to go out to dinner together, a well known restaurant. I don't know if you have any other plans this evening. No, not at all. No plans. Well, that sounds like a good combination talking and eating. So if you like, we'll meet here again about seven, and i'll take . IT from there. Yes, that's perfect. 听第八段材料，回答第10至12题。Text eight, you're a fan of the star wars movies, right? When did the first one come out? He came out on may twenty thousand, one hundred and . seventy seven. How do you remember that? So clearly, that's more than forty years ago. I'm a huge fan. There were a lot of science fiction movies in the late nineteen seventies because of star wars. And when did the next two movies come out? The empire . strikes back came out in ninety eighty, and return of the jet came out in one nine hundred eighty three. But then there was a long gap until the next one, fans had to wait for sixteen years until the fan of minutes. There were no movies from nineteen eighty . four to nineteen ninety eight. You're a fan of the star wars movies, right? When did the first one come out? IT came out on may twenty five, one thousand and seventy seven. How do you remember that? So clearly, that's more than forty years ago. I'm a huge fan. There were a lot of science fiction movies in the late nineteen thousand seventies because of star wars. And when did the next two movies come out? The empire . strikes back came out in one thousand and eighty, and return of the jet came out in one thousand nine hundred eighty three. But then there was a long gap until the next one. Fans had to wait for sixteen years until the fan menus. There were no movies from nineteen eighty four to nineteen ninety eight. 听第九段材料，回答第13至16题。Text nine bonny, i'm super nervous right now. why? What's up? I thought you were flying down to L. A. today. Are you afraid of flying or . something? No, I fly all the time. It's just that i'm doing my biggest interview of my entire career tomorrow, and I don't . want to mess IT up. Come on. You've been at the magazine for more than a year. Your editor wouldn't send you down there unless he had confidence in your abilities. Who is the interview . with . quanti? A what? quanti. O the director? Are you serious? yeah. Oh my god, I can't believe this pope fiction is my favourite movie of all time and kill bill might be number two. And even my parents, like jackie Brown, he's like a list famous. He might be the best director of the last twenty years. Do you see now . why i'm nervous? Yes, i'd be scared out of my mind if I were you, but this will be good for your career. Hey, there is something that I still don't understand. What why on . earth did quinton titi o agreed to do an interview for your magazine travel? What's that supposed to me? Um never mind. Good luck down there. Get a good nigh sleep tonight, because saturday will be the biggest day of your life. Boney, i'm super nervous right now. why? What's up? I thought you were flying down to L. A. today. Are you afraid of flying or something? No, I fly all the time. It's just that i'm doing my biggest interview of my entire career tomorrow, and I don't want to . mess IT up. Come on. You've been at the magazine for more than a year. Your editor wouldn't send you down there unless he had confidence in your abilities. Who is the interview . with a tino? Ah what? Anton teti. O the director, are you serious? yeah. Oh my god. I can't believe this pope fiction is my favorite movie of all time. And q bill might be number two. And even my parents, like jackie Brown, he's like a list famous. He might be the best director of the last twenty years. Do you see now why i'm nervous? Yes, i'd be scared out of my mind if I were you, but this will be good for your career. Hey, there is something that I still don't understand. What why on earth did quinton titi o agree to do an interview for your magazine and traver. what's that supposed to mean? Never mind. Good luck down there. Get a good nigh sleep tonight, because saturday will be the biggest day of your life. 听第十段材料，回答第17至20题。Text n hi everyone, welcome to my blog. Here is the message I promised you. Last weekend, we were taken around london in a bus. IT was fantastic. I saw a big bang and the houses of parliament, the lions and travel square, tower bridge and tower of london. I like the tower of london best because IT is a thousand years old. We also went to see all the famous wax figures at madam, two sows. That was good fun. john. The, we took a photograph of me standing next to queen Elizabeth. The second tomorrow, we're going to strafford on aven, where shakespeare was born, and we're going to see one of his plays. It's called hamlets. There are three theatres and strategy d, and we are going to see IT in the royal shakespeare theatre. Our teacher told us the houses and strafford are about five hundred years old and the countryside is beautiful. So i'll take lots of photos to show you. Hi everyone, welcome to my blog. Here is the message I promised you. Last weekend, we were taken around london in a bus. IT was fantastic. I saw big ben and the houses of parliament, the lions in traffic square, tower bridge and the tower of london. I like the tower of london best because IT is a thousand years old. We also went to see all the famous wax figures at madama, two souls. That was good fun. Joe the wee took a photograph of me standing next to queen Elizabeth the second. Tomorrow we're going to strafford on aven, where shakespeare was born, and we're going to see one of his plays. It's called hamlet. There are three theatres in stanford, and we are going to see IT in the royal shakespeare theatre. Our teacher told us the houses and strategy are about five hundred years old and the countryside is beautiful. So i'll take lots of photos to show you. 单元过关检测（一） （时间：120分钟,满分:150分） 第一部分 听力（共两节,满分30分） 第一节（共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1．Who is coming for tea? A. John. B. Mark. C. Tracy. [答案]B [解析]（Text 1） W:John, is Mark coming for tea tomorrow? M:Yes,① I told you yesterday, Tracy. W:Oh, did you?Sorry, I must have forgotten. 2．What will the man do next? A. Stay for dinner. B. Prepare for the dinner. C. Go to the railway station. [答案]C [解析]（Text 2） W:What's the hurry?We'd like you to stay for dinner. M:Well, thank you, but Helen and I have to meet my parents at the railway station.② 3．What does the man come for? A. A meeting. B. A dinner. C. A party. [答案]A [解析]（Text 3） W:Hi, Tom, we had to start the meeting without you.③ M:I know, my flight was delayed because of the heavy rain. W:But you are just in time for the discussion.③ 4．How does the woman probably feel? A. Apologetic. B. Worried. C. Annoyed. [答案]C [解析]（Text 4） W:Excuse me. We've been waiting to play tennis since 10:30. It must be our turn now.④ M:I don't think so. We haven't finished it yet. You'll have to wait. W:We've been standing here patiently watching you and it's time for you to stop.④ 5．What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Boss and employee. B. Salesperson and customer. C. Interviewer and interviewee. [答案]A [解析]（Text 5） W:So, Robert, how do you feel this year? You've worked really hard to increase our sales. M:It's been a bit up and down, but I'll meet my sales targets. Last year you promised that I would be promoted if I met my sales targets.⑤ 第二节（共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料,回答第6、7题。 6．What is the man doing? A. He is being interviewed. B. He is making a flash. C. He is playing computer games. 7．What do you think will happen after the conversation? A. The woman will call Mr Taylor. B. The woman won't make the website. C. The woman won't get in touch with Mr Taylor. [答案] 6．A 7．C [解析] 7．（Text 6） W:Okay, Mr Taylor, let's go ahead and begin. First of all, tell me about your last job.⑥ M:Well, I worked for five years at Hi-Tech Computers. W:Okay. Hi-Tech. How about your website writing skills?Oh, we are looking for someone to create and manage our company's website. M:Umm...uh, website,website. Huh...I don't think I've read that book. W:Huh?And what about the experience with making a flash? M:Well...I think sometimes computer flash...if that's what you mean. W:Okay, Mr Taylor, I think I have all the information I need!⑦ M:Oh, and I really like computer games. I play them every day. W:Right,right. Thanks, Mr Taylor. We'll be in touch. 听第7段材料,回答第8、9题。 8．What's the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Waiter and customer. B. Boss and employee. C. Colleagues. 9．Where does the conversation take place? A. At a meeting room. B. At a restaurant. C. At a hospital. [答案] 8．C 9．A [解析] 9．（Text 7） M:Tonight we've planned a little gathering in this meeting room, an informal get-together, if you'd like to join us.⑨ You'd meet some other colleagues, and then we plan to go out to dinner together—a well-known restaurant.⑧ I don't know if you have any other plans this evening. W:No, not at all. No plans. Well, that sounds like a good combination, talking and eating... M:So, if you like, we'll meet here again at about seven and I'll take it from there. W:Yes, that's perfect. 听第8段材料,回答第10至12题。 10．What happened in the late 1970s? A. Return of the Jedi appeared. B. Science fiction movies became popular. C. There was a long gap in movie releases. 11．When did The Phantom Menace come out? A. In 1980. B. In 1984. C. In 1999. 12．What are the speakers discussing? A. When science fiction movies were released. B. What is the plot of the Star Wars movies. C. How Star Wars movies were made. [答案] 10．B 11．C 12．A [解析] 12．（Text 8） W:You're a fan of the Star Wars movies, right? When did the first one come out?⑫ M:It came out on May 25th, 1977. W:How do you remember that so clearly?That's more than 40 years ago! M:I'm a huge fan! There were a lot of science fiction movies in the late 1970s because of Star Wars.⑩ W:And when did the next two movies come out? M:The Empire Strikes Back came out in 1980 and Return of the Jedi came out in 1983.⑪ But then there was a long gap until the next one. Fans had to wait for 16 years until The Phantom Menace.⑪ There were no movies from 1984 to 1998. 听第9段材料,回答第13至16题。 13．What does the man probably do for a living? A. He is a journalist. B. He is a film reviewer. C. He is a magazine editor. 14．What is the woman's favorite film ever? A. Pulp Fiction. B. Jackie Brown. C. Kill Bill. 15．What day is it today? A. Thursday. B. Friday. C. Saturday. 16．How does the man feel at the end of the conversation? A. Very grateful. B. A little annoyed. C. Much more calm. [答案] 13．A 14．A 15．B 16．B [解析] 16．（Text 9） M:Bonnie, I'm super nervous right now. W:Why, what's up?I thought you were flying down to L.A.today. Are you afraid of flying or something? M:No, I fly all the time. It's just that I'm doing my biggest interview of my entire career tomorrow,⑮ and I don't want to mess it up. W:Come on, you've been at the magazine for more than a year. Your editor wouldn't send you down there unless he had confidence in your abilities. Who is the interview with?⑬ M:Quentin Tarantino. W:Uh...what?Quentin Tarantino?The director?Are you serious? M:Yeah! W:Oh, my God! I can't believe this! Pulp Fiction is my favorite movie of all time,⑭ and Kill Bill might be number two. And even my parents liked Jackie Brown. He's, like, A-list famous! He might be the best director of the last twenty years. M:Do you see now why I'm nervous? W:Yes, I'd be scared out of my mind if I were you. But this will be good for your career. Hey, there is something that I still don't understand. M:What? W:Why on earth did Quentin Tarantino agree to do an interview for your magazine, Trevor? M:What's that supposed to mean? W:Um...never mind.⑯ Good luck down there! Get a good night's sleep tonight because Saturday will be the biggest day of your life!⑮ 听第10段材料,回答第17至20题。 17．What is the speaker's favorite place? A. Tower Bridge. B. The Tower of London. C. The Houses of Parliament. 18．Who took a photo for the speaker at Madame Tussaud's? A. Jean Louis. B. The speaker's teacher. C. Queen Elizabeth the Second. 19．What will the speaker see tomorrow? A. The lions. B. Hamlet. C. Big Ben. 20．What is the speaker mainly talking about? A. His blog. B. His photos. C. His trip in London. [答案] 17．B 18．A 19．B 20．C [解析] 20．（Text 10） M:Hi, everyone! Welcome to my blog. Here is the message I promised you. Last weekend we were taken around London in a bus.⑳ It was fantastic. I saw Big Ben and the Houses of Parliament, the lions in Trafalgar Square, Tower Bridge and the Tower of London. I liked the Tower of London best because it is a thousand years old.⑰ We also went to see all the famous wax figures at Madame Tussaud's. That was good fun. Jean Louis took a photograph of me standing next to Queen Elizabeth the Second.⑱ Tomorrow we're going to Stratford on Avon where Shakespeare was born. And we're going to see one of his plays. It's called Hamlet.⑲ There are three theaters in Stratford and we are going to see it in the Royal Shakespeare Theater. Our teacher told us the houses in Stratford are about five hundred years old and the countryside is beautiful, so I'll take lots of photos to show you. 第二部分 阅读（共两节,满分50分） 第一节（共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A East Africa is one of the best places to enjoy incredible hikes. Its soaring hills and mountains with accessible summits and snaking forest trails have made it the home of hiking experiences to suit most time-frames and fitness levels. Mount Meru As Tanzania's second highest mountain, Mount Meru is often used by mountaineers for an adaptation training before trying to conquer Kilimanjaro. Climbing Mount Meru passes through many different vegetation （植被） zones. The dry forest of the lower region gives way to a dense mountain rainforest, which then turns into bush. The trail also passes through the habitats of a number of wild animals including buffaloes, baboons and giraffes. Mount Kenya At 5,199 meters above sea level, Mount Kenya is an ancient extinct volcano. Mount Kenya has three peaks—Batian, Nelion and Lenana, among which only Lenana can be reached by average trekkers （徒步者） and the other two only for technical climbers. Mount Kenya is also regarded as a holy mountain by all the communities living around it. They use the mountain for traditional rituals based on the belief that their traditional god Ngai and his wife Mumbi live on the peak of the mountain. Mount Kilimanjaro Mount Kilimanjaro reaches 5,895 meters above sea level. It can be climbed at any time of the year but there is usually a lot more rain during April, May and November. At the lower levels, you will pass through cultivated farmlands rising through tropical rainforest onto alpine meadows（高山草甸） and finally the barren landscape leading to the snow and ice capped summit. The lower levels also offer the chance to view a wide variety of animals, birds and fauna（动物群） in their natural habitat. Usambara Mountain Range For hikers who do not want to undergo the difficulties of climbing challenging peaks like Kilimanjaro or Kenya, Tanzania's Usambara Mountain Range offers a great alternative. Unlike the hikes that require permits and the company of park rangers, it is casual, and easily accessible. At 2,440 meters, Usambara Mountain is home to over 3,000 plant species and over 600 tree species. 21．Why do mountaineers climb Mount Meru first before they climb Kilimanjaro? A. To view a wide variety of animals. B. To admire different vegetation zones. C. To get used to the situation of Kilimanjaro. D. To avoid the hardship of climbing Kilimanjaro. 22．What do we know about Mount Kenya? A. It is an active volcano. B. It is easier to climb compared with Kilimanjaro. C. It is sacred in the eyes of residents living around it. D. Its three peaks can be accessible to inexperienced trekkers. 23．What is special about Usambara Mountain Range? A. It is hard to get access to. B. It is home to unique plant species. C. It can be climbed at any time of the year. D. It doesn't need park rangers to accompany the climbers. [答案] 21．C 22．C 23．D [解析] 21．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“As Tanzania's...for an adaptation training before trying to conquer Kilimanjaro.”可知，登山者在爬乞力马扎罗山之前先爬梅鲁山是为了适应乞力马扎罗山的情况。 22．细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Mount Kenya is also regarded as a holy mountain by all the communities living around it.”可知，肯尼亚山在周围居民眼中是神圣的。 23．细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Unlike the hikes that require permits and the company of park rangers, it is casual, and easily accessible.”可知，乌桑巴拉山脉不需要公园管理员陪同登山者。 【解题导语】 本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四座非洲的名山以及各自的特色。 B When a colleague sent John McFall a job advertisement for would-be astronauts, his reaction was swift. All he had in his head was that it would be awesome to go to space. However, doing so would involve breaking through a glass ceiling—one that has held firm for more than six decades of space exploration. After losing his right leg at the age of 19 in a motorcycle accident, McFall went on to become a Paralympic athlete, winning bronze in Beijing, and later becoming a surgeon. In 2022, the European Space Agency （ESA） announced that he would join them in seeking to push the boundaries of space exploration after a demanding selection process. Three years after spotting the job posting by ESA, McFall is now on track to become the world's first astronaut with a disability. There's no guarantee that McFall will go into space. Instead the agency has been putting him through the requirements of a six-month mission to the International Space Station. The tests are aimed at exploring questions such as how McFall would move and stabilize himself in microgravity and how conditions in space would affect his prosthesis （假肢）. So far, all signs have suggested that space flight is feasible for McFall, giving hope that he—or someone with a similar disability—could eventually train for an upcoming mission. Since starting with the ESA, he has sought to gently push pack against the widely used title of parastronaut. “I'm not a parasurgeon; I'm a surgeon. I'm not a paraded; I'm a dad,” he said, describing it as a “slippery slope” to add “para” in front of anything done by someone with a physical disability. McFall is hoping to challenge people's perception of what an astronaut looks like. He said, “My job is to make sure that people have a well-rounded and informed definition of disability and what being disabled means.” 24．Why does going to space involve breaking through a glass ceiling? A. Because McFall feels it awful to go to space. B. Because McFall has to pass a glass breaking test. C. Because there has been no disabled astronaut to date. D. Because the boundaries of space exploration are easy to push. 25．What have the signs indicated so far? A. The tests are unfair and inhuman. B. McFall will definitely go to space. C. McFall's hope for the future is lost. D. Space flight is workable for McFall. 26．What does McFall want to do according to the last two paragraphs? A. Join hands with those disabled. B. Push people to slip over on a slope. C. Deepen people's understanding of disability. D. Protest strongly against the use of “parastronaut”. 27．Which of the following can best describe John McFall? A. Generous and strict. B. Courageous and inspiring. C. Ambitious and talented. D. Warm-hearted and outgoing. [答案] 24．C 25．D 26．C 27．B [解析] 24．推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句和第二段第一句可知，麦克福尔去太空要打破坚不可摧的壁垒是因为到目前为止还没有残疾宇航员。 25．细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句可知，目前所有的迹象都表明太空飞行对麦克福尔来说是可行的。 26．推理判断题。根据最后两段内容，尤其是根据“My job is...what being disabled means.”可知，麦克福尔想要加深人们对残疾和残疾人能力的理解。 27．推理判断题。通读全文可知，约翰·麦克福尔在事故中失去右腿后仍然努力奋斗，成为残奥会运动员和外科医生，并有望成为首位残疾宇航员，因此，麦克福尔是勇敢的和鼓舞人心的。 【解题导语】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了约翰·麦克福尔在事故中失去右腿后仍然努力奋斗，曾作为运动员参加了残奥会，后来成为一名外科医生，并有望成为首位残疾宇航员的故事。 C Heat impacts on food production now regularly present themselves. “We have been worried about this for years, saying the issue was going to get worse—now it is,” says Zitouni Ould-Dada, deputy director in the Office of Climate Change, Biodiversity and Environment at the UN Food and Agriculture Organization （FAO）. “Crops need a norm; any changes or disturbance to cycles will lead to negative impacts. Some crops simply won't grow in certain areas any more. Drought affects the quality of the soil, the minerals, and the productivity of the plant.” Research shows that yields of some crops, such as maize and wheat in many lower-latitude regions, have already been affected by climate change. However, yields of maize, wheat and sugar beet in higher latitudes have been affected positively in recent decades. “Some crops are more tolerant of heat but, over time, if these temperatures become the norm, and are followed by extremely high heat on occasion, all crops eventually get affected.” Ould-Dada warns. Heat impacts are not only limited to food production. Smaller yields and changing growing zones could lead to greater use of fertilisers and water, and the further loss of biodiversity. Domestic animals are just as vulnerable （易受……伤害的） to heat stress, with knock-on impacts on cattle raised for meat and dairy animals. Meanwhile, fisheries and aquaculture （水产养殖业） face issues around warmer waters and acidification. “A heating world,” says Ould-Dada, “is forcing us to rethink how we produce food, process it and store it.” The key message, argues Ould-Dada, is for farmers to exchange best practice and diversify: if one crop falls to heat, another may grow. Besides, farmers could be creative, for example, by installing solar panels in fields; plants benefit from shade and the panels generate electricity and gather rainwater. “Food production itself will cause the emission of CO. We have to do this in a way that benefits nature, the livelihoods of farmers and local communities,” adds Ould-Dada. 28．What effect does heat have on food production according to the passage? A. The overall yields of food have not been affected. B. The output of certain crops in lower latitudes has increased. C. Some crops are not likely to adapt to certain areas any more. D. Some crops more tolerant of heat won't get affected over time. 29．What is the main idea of paragraph 4? A. Further heat impacts. B. Heat impacts on food production. C. The loss of biodiversity. D. Issues on fisheries and aquaculture. 30．What is the key to coping with heat impacts on food production? A. Creating new plant species. B. Processing and storing food. C. Installing solar panels in fields. D. Sharing methods and varying crops. 31．What can be inferred from Ould-Dada's words in the last paragraph? A. Farmers need to put theory into practice in time. B. We had better take environment-friendly measures. C. A heating world is pushing us to produce healthy food. D. Food production is merely to blame for climate change. [答案] 28．C 29．A 30．D 31．B [解析] 28．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Some crops simply won't grow...of the plant.”可知，由于高温，某些作物已无法再适应某些地区的生长条件。 29．段落大意题。根据第四段内容可知，本段主要介绍了热效应对除粮食生产外其他方面的广泛影响，即热效应的进一步的影响。 30．细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“The key message...exchange best practice and diversify”可知，应对热效应的关键在于农民之间分享方法和多样化种植。 31．推理判断题。根据最后一段中他的话可以推断出，我们最好采取环保措施。 【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了全球变暖对农业生产的影响以及应对策略。 D None of us like to think we'd walk on by when someone needed our help. But sometimes we behave in ways we wouldn't expect when encountering a situation we are unsure about. Research from the British Heart Foundation has suggested that a third of people would not perform first aid if they saw someone collapse on the street, with some even admitting they wouldn't call an ambulance. This can sometimes mean that no one helps when someone desperately needs it. However, a lot of tragic events urge us to take immediate action. One of the most famous examples of this is the tragic case of Kitty Genovese who was fatally stabbed （刺） in Kew Gardens, New York, in 1964. Follow-up investigations concluded that several people saw or heard what was happening, but did nothing to intervene. This has been termed the “bystander effect”—a well-known psychological phenomenon that individuals are less likely to offer help to someone when other people are present. The more people there are, the less likely they are to help. There are various factors contributing to this effect—people think that others will get involved or intervene. Afterwards people often say they did not feel qualified or senior or important enough to be the one to intervene. It is also partly down to “pluralistic ignorance”—since everyone is not reacting to the emergency, they don't need to either; it's not serious because no one else is doing anything. Self-awareness is the best antidote to it. When encountering an emergency, think to yourself how you would behave if you were on your own. Ignore everyone else and how they are behaving and go with your instinct （直觉）—if you'd call an ambulance, do it. If you'd run for help, do it. If that's how you would have behaved when you were on your own then that's probably the right course of action. 32．According to paragraph 1, what would some people do when someone needs help? A. To behave in proper ways. B. To rush to give a hand. C. To give immediate first aid. D. To hesitate to intervene. 33．Which of the following statements about “bystander effect” is correct? A. It is a rare psychological phenomenon. B. People are unwilling to help for lack of qualification. C. Someone will step in when more people are gathering. D. It results from “pluralistic ignorance” to some degree. 34．What does the underlined word “antidote” in the last paragraph mean? A. Devotion. B. Introduction. C. Solution. D. Resistance. 35．What is the best title for the passage? A. Don't Be a Bystander B. Stay away from Emergencies C. Raise Awareness of First Aid D. Don't Intervene in “Bystander Effect” [答案] 32．D 33．D 34．C 35．A [解析] 32．细节理解题。根据第一段第二句、第三句可知，有些人在他人需要帮助时会犹豫是否干预。 33．细节理解题。根据第三段中的“It is also partly down...no one else is doing anything.”可知，多个因素导致了旁观者效应，其中包括“多元无知”，即因所有人不反应所以认为不严重。 34．词义猜测题。根据最后一段中的“When encountering an emergency...the right course of action.”可知，自我意识是应对“旁观者效应”的最佳解决方案，由此可推知，画线词意为“方法、办法”。 35．标题归纳题。通读全文，尤其根据第二段最后两句及最后一段最后两句可知，文章主要围绕“旁观者效应”阐述，强调不要在他人有需要时只做旁观者，而要采取行动去帮助。因此，A项最适合作文章标题。 【解题导语】 本文是一篇议论文。文章通过具体事例引入“旁观者效应”，并对其进行分析阐述，包括产生该效应的多种因素以及应对该效应的解决办法。 第二节（共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分） 阅读下面的短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项,选项中有两项为多余选项。 Money habits are the small daily decisions we make that influence how we spend and save our money.36.   , but with a little awareness and effort, we can make improvements that will help us achieve our financial objectives. Taking a careful look at your existing spending habits is one of the first steps in improving your money habits.37.   . It can make you realize the potential issues on your spending habits, which help you identify areas where you can adjust your spending patterns. 38.   . Having a specific objective in mind will help you keep motivated and focused, whether it's saving for a down payment on a home, removing credit card debt, or creating an emergency fund. Setting and sticking to a budget is also crucial. A budget ensures that your spending is focused on your priorities and that you set aside enough cash to achieve your objectives. Make sure to include a category for savings and use it consistently. Impulsive （冲动的） purchasing is a crucial habit to break. It's critical to take action to stop the habit of impulse shopping because it can significantly reduce your bank account.39.   . Additionally, waiting a day or two before making a purchase can help you determine if you still want the item. Finally, it's critical to pay attention to your financial habits and adjust them as needed. Track your spending and goals, and be prepared to adjust as required. Keep in mind that adjusting your spending patterns is a process, and its effects might not be seen right away.40.   . A.It might be challenging to change these habits B.Next, set up clear financial objectives for yourself C.With a little knowledge and effort, you can make positive changes D.This involves tracking all your spending for a month and then analyzing the data E.Spending habits refer to the purchasing and consumption patterns of individuals or groups within a society F.Making a list of the items you require before you go shopping and sticking to it is one approach to achieving this G.For example, older consumers may prefer products that cater to their health and comfort, while younger consumers might favor technology and fashion items [答案] 36．A 37．D 38．B 39．F 40．C [解析] 36．根据下文“but with a little...our financial objectives”可知，空处应与下文构成转折，表示改变这些习惯是困难的，需要意识和努力。A项与下文形成转折，符合语境。 37．上文指出，想要改善金钱习惯首先需要审视现有的消费习惯；下文指出具体好处。空处内容应与仔细审视现有的消费习惯的措施相关。D项承上启下，符合语境。 38．空处为本段段首句。根据下文内容可知，空处应与明确具体财务目标相关。B项符合语境。 39．上文指出需要打破冲动购物，下文提到具体的措施。空处内容应与改掉冲动购物的习惯的方法相关。F项为停止冲动购物的方法，符合语境。 40．上文指出调整消费模式需要时间，应耐心等待。C项进一步强调，只要有知识和努力，即使效果不会立即显现，也能做出积极的改变，符合语境。 【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。文章解释了金钱习惯的定义、挑战，并介绍了几个具体的建议来帮助改善金钱习惯。 第三部分 语言运用（共两节,满分30分） 第一节（共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分） 阅读下面的短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 Jessica Cox was the world's first armless pilot. Born in 1983, Cox never let her disability become her 41 . At first she was 42 because she did not have arms. In eighth grade, after 43 prosthetic （假体的） arms for eleven years, she decided to be “the real Jessica” and 44 her arms. At school, she loved going out to swing and 45 herself flying over everything. Cox's pilot journey began with Wright Flight. She was given the 46 to experience flying during a trip to Mexico. 47 her fear, she felt the freedom of control in the air. On that day, she made a 48 to becoming a pilot. Cox's pursuit of the dream was not without 49 , though. Facing challenges in finding an 50 willing to teach her, she didn't give up and 51 found one. Cox's dream became a 52 in 2008 when she took her first solo flight. Cox is not only a pilot but also a motivational speaker. She has traveled across the world to 53 others. She also 54 for people with disabilities, helping them gain equal 55 to education, healthcare and the same advantages she had while growing up. 41．A. disadvantage B. objective C. opportunity D. dilemma 42．A. embarrassed B. bored C. discouraged D. delighted 43．A. creating B. wearing C. developing D. approving 44．A. kept in touch with B. lived off C. made use of D. got rid of 45．A. imagining B. detecting C. evaluating D. appreciating 46．A. passion B. activity C. need D. opportunity 47．A. Suffering B. Encountering C. Overcoming D. Feeling 48．A. difference B. commitment C. purpose D. contribution 49．A. barriers B. differences C. impacts D. warnings 50．A. scientist B. volunteer C. instructor D. engineer 51．A. likely B. simply C. eventually D. actually 52．A. reality B. truth C. action D. need 53．A. represent B. inspire C. describe D. predict 54．A. accepts B. evaluates C. recommends D. advocates 55．A. start B. access C. use D. benefit [答案] 41．A 42．C 43．B 44．D 45．A 46．D 47．C 48．B 49．A 50．C 51．C 52．A 53．B 54．D 55．B [解析] 41．根据上文“never let her disability become”及下文内容可知，尽管杰西卡身体有残疾，但她没有让其成为阻碍自己的劣势（disadvantage），而是积极面对生活。 42．根据下文“because she did not have arms”可知，起初杰西卡因为自己没有手臂而沮丧（discouraged）。 43．根据下文“prosthetic arms for eleven years”可知，此处表示穿戴（wear）假肢。 44．根据上文“she decided to be ‘the real Jessica’”可知，杰西卡决定摆脱 （get rid of） 假肢，做真实的自己。 45．根据下文“herself flying over everything”可知，杰西卡想象 （imagine） 自己飞越了一切事物。 46．根据下文“to experience flying during a trip to Mexico”可知，此处表示一个去体验飞行的机会（opportunity）。 47．根据下文“her fear, she felt the freedom of control in the air” 可知，杰西卡克服 （overcome）了恐惧，感受到在空中掌控的自由。 48．根据下文“to becoming a pilot”可知,杰西卡决定成为一个飞行员。make a commitment to doing sth.为固定短语，意为“下定决心做某事”。 49．根据下文“Facing challenges”可知，杰西卡在追梦的过程中有很多障碍 （barrier）。 50．根据下文“willing to teach her”可知，杰西卡在寻找教练 （instructor） 时遇到很多挑战。 51．根据下文“found one”可知，杰西卡经过努力最终 （eventually） 找到了教练。 52．根据下文“when she took her first solo flight”可知，杰西卡的梦想成了现实（reality）。 53．根据上文“a motivational speaker”可知，杰西卡周游世界是去激励 （inspire） 他人。 54．根据下文“helping them gain equal”可知,杰西卡支持 （advocate）残障人士，为残障人士争取权益。 55．根据下文“education, healthcare and the same advantages”可知，杰西卡帮助残障人士获得平等的受教育机会、医疗保健机会以及她成长过程中所拥有的相同优势，“access to...”意为“……的机会；……的权利”，为固定搭配。 【解题导语】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了世界上第一位无臂飞行员杰西卡·考克斯身残志坚，克服重重困难实现梦想，并致力于激励他人、为残障人士争取权益的故事。 第二节（共10小题;每小题1.5分， 满分15分） 阅读下面的短文， 在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Su Shi,a famous scholar of the Song Dynasty, was 56.   （high） thought of in poetry, prose （散文） and painting. At the age of 21, his fresh prose style earned him the 57.   （recognize） of Ouyang Xiu. Xiu, a Chinese historian and politician of the Song Dynasty, 58.   （say） that Su Shi's writings were excellent,which made Su Shi instantly famous. However,before Su Shi's political dream was realized,he had to leave his position and return home. With his dreams 59.   （cut） short,Su Shi started to focus on nature. In the spring of 1082, he took an outing with his friends. When 60.   sudden shower of rain made his companions rush for shelter,Su Shi burst into laughter as if completely unaware of the rain. Along both sides of the path were growing trees, 61.   leaves made soft sounds as the rain drops fell. With wet clothes,he walked along, 62.   （sing） a happy song. Then an idea struck him:“I shall go through this life in a 63.   （peace） mind,if only wearing a straw rain cape （斗篷）.” Su Shi's optimistic and open-minded attitude 64.   life ensured his advancement despite political ups and downs. Expressed in his poetry and essays, which have been passed down through generations, such an attitude has truly inspired us 65.   （keep） a broad mind and persist （坚持）in our struggles against all difficulties. [答案] 56．highly 57．recognition 58．said 59．cut 60．a 61．whose 62．singing 63．peaceful 64．to/toward（s） 65．to keep [解析] 56．考查副词。分析句子结构可知，空处修饰谓语,应用副词形式作状语。think highly of sb.意为“高度评价某人”，为固定短语。 57．考查名词。分析句子结构可知,空处被the 限定，作 earned 的直接宾语,应用名词形式。 58．考查动词的时态和语态。分析句子结构可知，空处作谓语，主句主语是Xiu；Xiu与say之间是主谓关系,且此处叙述过去发生的事情,应用一般过去时。 59．考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，此处为with复合结构,cut和 his dreams之间是逻辑上的动宾关系,应用过去分词形式。 60．考查冠词。分析句子结构可知，“sudden shower of rain”为从句主语,表示泛指,意为“突如其来的一场雨”；且sudden的发音以辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a。 61．考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句,修饰先行词 trees,且空处作从句中leaves的定语,应用关系代词whose。 62．考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知,空处为非谓语，sing 和he之间是逻辑上的主谓关系,应用现在分词形式。 63．考查形容词。分析句子结构可知，空处作定语修饰名词mind,应用形容词形式。 64．考查介词。attitude to/toward（s）意为“对……的态度”,为固定搭配。 65．考查非谓语动词。inspire sb.to do sth.意为“激励某人做某事”,为固定用法。 【解题导语】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了宋代文人苏轼的个人经历,突出了他的文学成就和乐观豁达的人生态度。 第四部分 写作（共两节,满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 你校正在组织英语作文比赛。请你以“最值得尊敬的人”为题写一篇短文参赛，内容包括： 1.人物简介； 2.受尊敬的原因。 注意：1.写作词数应为80个左右； 2．题目和开头已给出，不计入总词数。 The Person I Respect Most There are many respectable people in my heart.   [答案] One possible version: The Person I Respect Most There are many respectable people in my heart. Among them, the person I respect most is Zhong Nanshan, who has become a household name for his great contributions to defeating viruses. Zhong Nanshan, a medical scientist, is a leading figure in the battles against SARS in 2003，winning him the worldwide respect. Every time I see the pictures, in which he is fighting to save people's lives, I cannot help being moved by him. What impresses me most is that he rushed to the front line of the epidemic area without hesitation. Dangerous though it was, Zhong Nanshan and his workmates worked hard day and night to treat the patients. With their great efforts, remarkable results were achieved. His dedication to work and helping people is admirable, which truly inspires me to become a person like him in the future. 第二节（满分25分） 阅读下面的材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 I pushed my cart around table after table of hungry customers. “Char siu bao （叉烧包）,” I called out. It was Saturday morning and a line of customers had already formed out of the door. Everyone in the neighborhood knew that Grandma's restaurant was the place to go for the warmest tea and the freshest dim sum. It wasn't long before I was handing out the last bamboo steamer basket. With my cart empty, I took my break at the tiny table in the alley （小巷） behind the restaurant and was free to enjoy some of Grandma's cooking myself. “I bet no one can resist the sweet scent of Grandma's Char siu bao!” But just as I was about to take my first bite, I noticed something odd. Our rubbish bins had been knocked over! Rubbish and half-eaten dim sum littered the ground. Swallowing my bao, I quickly picked up the mess and headed back into the restaurant to help with the rest of the rush. I forgot all about the mystery of the knocked-over bins until I took out the rubbish. The garbage bins had tipped over again! Could it have been the wind? As I cleaned up for a second time, I looked at the darkening sky. A storm was heading my way, but the tree branches were barely moving. Determined to avoid cleaning up a third time, I found three heavy rocks and placed them on top of the bins. KABOOM! I awoke with a surprise early the next morning. That must be the storm, I thought as I sat up and looked out of my window, hoping to catch a glimpse of lightning. But instead, I spotted the rubbish bins-knocked over yet again! 注意：续写词数应为150个左右。 “Why does this keep happening?” I complained when I noticed two yellow eyes staring at me.   With the rain picking up, the hungry kitty was too scared to come out of the rubbish bin.   [答案] One possible version: “Why does this keep happening?” I complained when I noticed two yellow eyes staring at me. Emerging from the rubbish bin was a little gray cat. It was clear now who was responsible for the mess. The cat pawed at a piece of bao, clearly too hungry to care about anything else. I had to help. I collected some leftover bao and approached the cat slowly so as not to scare it away. Just as I got close, the clatter of thunder struck, and the cat dashed back into the bin for cover. With the rain picking up, the hungry kitty was too scared to come out of the rubbish bin. I rushed back inside the restaurant and returned with a small bowl of milk and some fresh Char siu bao. Placing them near the bin, I waited patiently. The tempting scent eventually lured the cat out, and it began to eat eagerly. Watching it, I smiled and decided we could have a new friend joining the warm, inviting bustle of Grandma's place. 61/121 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $