课后分层练16-【正禾一本通】2025-2026学年高二英语选择性必修1同步课堂高效讲义配套练习（外研版）

[课后分层练16] (时间：45分钟　满分：76分) Ⅰ.单词拼写(每小题1分，共8分) 1．The coral reefs are extremely delicate (脆弱) and easily damaged by rising sea temperatures and pollution. 2．Many people choose to travel during their leisure (闲暇), exploring new places, experiencing different cultures, and broadening their horizons. 3．Electronic devices like mobile phones and laptops can release low­level radiation (辐射), which has raised concerns among users. 4．Standing on the top of the mountain, we were greeted by a breathtaking scenery (景色) of the valley below. 5．The view from the beach is absolutely splendid (壮丽的), with the sun setting over the vast ocean, painting the sky in hues of orange and pink. 6．The old man often wanders (徘徊) along the riverbank in the evening, enjoying the gentle breeze and recalling about the past. 7．The Eiffel Tower, a world­famous landmark (地标) in Paris, attracts millions of tourists every year. 8．On weekends, families often drive to the nearby grassland (草原) to have picnics, fly kites, and enjoy the fresh air. Ⅱ.单句语法填空(每小题1分，共8分) 1．The economy of this region has been growing steadily (steady) in recent years, with more job opportunities being created. 2．The earthquake caused massive (mass) damage to the city, leaving many buildings in ruins and thousands of people homeless. 3．The retired couple often goes fishing by the lake at their leisure, enjoying the peaceful environment. 4．The old man vividly (vivid) recalled his childhood memories, painting a picture of the simple yet happy life in the countryside. 5．When choosing a vacation destination, the location (locate) with beautiful beaches and pleasant weather is always a top priority for many people. 6．Her hard­work and perseverance in the face of difficulties earned her the admiration (admire) of her colleagues. 7．The government has established many nature reserves to protect wild animals from illegal hunting and habitat destruction. 8．Completing a challenging project on time gives me a strong sense of achievement (achieve), making all the hard work and efforts worthwhile. Ⅲ.完成句子(每小题2分，共10分) 1．运动员们即将参加学校运动会，他们精力充沛，决心为班级赢得荣誉。 The athletes are about to participate in the school sports meet, full of energy and determination to win honors for their classes. 2．如何平衡学习和课外活动是许多学生共同面临的挑战。 How to balance study and after­school activities is a common challenge for many students. 3．汤姆是我们班第一个赢得全国英语演讲比赛的学生，为我们学校带来了巨大荣誉。 Tom was the first student in our class to win the national English speech contest, bringing great honor to our school. 4．为了提高沟通能力，许多学生自愿加入英语演讲俱乐部并定期练习口语。 To improve their communication skills, many students volunteer to join the English speech club and practice speaking regularly. 5．她深吸一口气，让自己平静下来，然后走上舞台发表演讲，努力克服紧张情绪。 She took a deep breath and calmed herself down before she stepped onto the stage to give a speech, trying to overcome her nervousness. Ⅳ.课文语法填空(每小题1.5分，共15分) Sitting back in my seat 1 leisurely (leisure), I can't quite believe that I'm about 2 to travel (travel) along the railway that many foreign experts claimed was “impossible”．The train has been racing along steadily since it left Xining.I was one of the 3 qualified (qualify) people who came from all parts of China to work on this railway.When we built the great railway, 4 how to protect the ecosystem remained among the top concerns.The first landmark 5 to catch (catch) my eyes is the splendid Qingshuihe Bridge, which is the world's longest bridge built over permafrost.To provide free access for the animals, thirty­three passages 6 have been built (build) to allow the animals to wander safely and freely in their natural habitat.There are hundreds of bridges built to prevent damage to wetlands and grasslands.To make sure we stayed 7 healthy (health), several oxygen­making stations 8 were constructed (construct) without disturbing the surroundings.We also built a long wall along Cuona Lake to protect it 9 from construction waste.I am proud 10 that we built our “impossible” railway with the care that the environment deserves. Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分，共20分) A (2025·山东德州五校高二上期末)Johannes Fritz, an Austrian biologist, needed to come up with a plan again if he was going to prevent his rare and beloved birds from going extinct. To survive the European winter, the northern bald ibis (秃鹮) needs to migrate south for the winter over the Alps.But shifting climate patterns have delayed when the birds begin to migrate and they are now reaching the mountains too late to make it over the peaks, locking them in an icy death trap.Determined to save them, he decided to teach the birds a new, safer migration route by guiding them himself in a tiny aircraft.He was confident that he could succeed in this daring, unconventional plan. Some 400 years ago, the Europeans hunted these birds without stopping and devoured the last in the wild, causing the birds to disappear entirely from the wild.When Mr.Fritz was born 56 years ago, the northern bald ibis could be found in Europe only in captivity (圈养). Mr.Fritz has spent his career reintroducing the birds into the wild.Through years of trial and error, he learned to fly like a bird.He modified (改装) a lightweight aircraft so it would fly at speeds slow enough for the birds to keep up.In 2004, he led the first flock from Austria to Italy, and has since led more migrations.But the route he originally taught the ibises does not work successfully.With climate change warming the area where the birds summer, they now start their migration at the end of October instead of the end of September.The trip is expected to take about six weeks, “Still, we're optimistic that it'll work，” said Mr.Fritz. His family and colleagues witnessed the risks he was taking.“But the unavoidable risks are necessary，” Mr.Fritz said.“It's not so much a job, but my life's purpose.” [语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了奥地利生物学家约翰内斯·弗里茨为了防止他心爱的稀有鸟类秃鹮灭绝，决定教它们一条新的迁徙路线。 1．What was Johannes Fritz's plan? A．To shorten bald ibises' migration route. B．To lead bald ibises to migrate on a new route. C．To better the climate patterns for bald ibises. D．To find out a safer destination for bald ibises. 解析：选B。细节理解题。根据第二段第三句话的描述：为了拯救它们，他决定用一架小型飞机亲自引导它们，教它们一条新的、更安全的迁徙路线。可知，约翰内斯·弗里茨的计划是带领秃鹮沿着一条新的路线迁徙。故选B。 2．What does the underlined word “devoured” in Paragraph 3 mean? A．Destroyed. B．Abused. C．Released. D．Raised. 解析：选A。词义猜测题。根据画线词下文“causing the birds to disappear entirely from the wild(导致鸟类完全从野外消失)”可知，欧洲人不停地猎杀这些鸟，并在野外毁灭了最后一只，故画线词与Destroyed“毁灭，破坏”意义相近。故选A。 3．Why was Mr.Fritz's initial route for the birds ineffective? A．Owing to the long time it consumes. B．For the slow speed of his modified aircraft. C．Because of the toughness along the first route. D．Due to higher temperatures in the summer habitat. 解析：选D。推理判断题。根据第四段中的描述：但他最初教给秃鹮的路线并不成功。随着气候变化使鸟类避暑的地区变暖，它们现在在10月底而不是9月底开始迁徙。可推断出，弗里茨先生最初寻找的路线无效是因为夏季栖息地的温度更高。故选D。 4．Which of the following can best describe Mr.Fritz? A．Honest. B．Innovative. C．Straightforward. D．Demanding. 解析：选B。推理判断题。根据文章内容，Fritz 先生为了拯救秃鹮，决定用小型飞机引导它们走一条新的、更安全的迁徙路线，还改装了轻型飞机，使其飞行速度足够慢，让秃鹮能跟上。这些都体现了他具有创新精神，B项Innovative符合。故选B。 B (2025·山西大学附中高二上检测)A start­up company backed by tech giants IBM and Microsoft plans to build thousands of artificial reefs across the globe to fight climate change by restoring coral reef ecosystems. The Reef Company plans to have its first reefs in the water by December 2022, and is encouraging more companies to fund reefs to offset (抵消) their carbon footprint.“We've calculated we need to build 2，500 reefs, each measuring 4 square kilometers, over the next 10 years to absorb the extra carbon we have on the planet at the moment，” says Jeroen van de Waal, founder of The Reef Company. Coral reefs are home to 25% of all marine life.They provide a source of income for millions of people through fishing and tourism and protect coastal communities by reducing the power of waves before they reach the shore.Yet they're under threat from global warming and 90% of all coral reefs could be lost by 2050 if nothing is done to protect them. As well as improving biodiversity and storing carbon, The Reef Company, which is based in Portugal, hopes to give a boost to local economies and collect real­time data for researchers. The artificial reefs are constructed from eco­friendly concrete made from recycled industrial waste and will feature consoles (控制台) filled with sensors that can measure how salty, warm and acid the ocean is.“The reefs will provide a continuously expanding set of connected sensors to gather and analyze data, generating insights in real time，” says Andrés Ortolá， managing director of Microsoft Portugal. To act as a sink for carbon dioxide, the artificial reefs will need to support plants such as seagrass and mangroves alongside coral.While coral reefs use carbon to grow, the process also lowers the PH in the water, which results in the release of CO2.Benjamin Horton at the Earth Observatory of Singapore says artificial reefs will need to be well maintained to prove successful.“If the ecosystems are damaged, their carbon sink capacity will be affected, and the carbon stored will be released.” [语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。一家由科技巨头IBM和微软支持的初创公司计划在全球建造数千个人工珊瑚礁，通过恢复珊瑚礁生态系统来应对气候变化。 5．What does the author mainly try to do in Paragraph 3? A．Warn more companies of the extinction of coral reefs. B．Emphasize the economic benefits of artificial coral reefs. C．Show coral reefs play a role in fighting global warming. D．Tell why the efforts of The Reef Company are important. 解析：选D。推理判断题。第三段指出珊瑚礁是众多海洋生物的家园，通过渔业和旅游业为数百万人提供收入来源，还能保护沿海社区。但同时它们受到全球变暖的威胁，若不加以保护，到 2050 年 90% 的珊瑚礁可能会消失。此段强调了珊瑚礁的重要性以及面临的严峻形势，从而说明了 The Reef Company 为保护珊瑚礁所做努力的重要性。故选D。 6．Why are the artificial coral reefs equipped with sensors? A．To help natural coral reefs recover. B．To monitor new industrial resources. C．To keep track of ocean animals' health. D．To collect real­time data of the ocean. 解析：选D。推理判断题。根据第五段：这些珊瑚礁将配备一系列不断扩展的互联传感器，用于收集和分析数据，并实时生成分析结果。由此推断出人造珊瑚礁配备传感器是为了收集和分析海洋的实时数据。故选D。 7．What can we learn about Benjamin Horton? A．He shows no interest in the plan. B．He is worried about the project. C．He finds artificial reefs useless. D．He is hopeful about ecosystems. 解析：选B。细节理解题。根据最后一段中最后一句话：如果生态系统遭到破坏，它们的碳汇能力将受到影响，储存的碳将被释放。由此可见他对这个项目是担忧的。故选B。 8．What is the text mainly about? A．An attempt to fight climate change. B．A company devoted to studying reefs. C．A creative way to build artificial reefs. D．An international cooperation in science. 解析：选A。主旨大意题。文章开篇指出由科技巨头支持的初创公司计划建造人工珊瑚礁来对抗气候变化，接着阐述了珊瑚礁的重要性、人工珊瑚礁的建造及作用等，整体围绕通过建造人工珊瑚礁对抗气候变化这一尝试展开。故选A。 Ⅱ.完形填空(每小题1分，共15分) (2025·河北武邑中学高二上检测)In order to save the environment, everybody has a role to play.The perfect 1 of someone who knows this well enough is a 70­year­old grandmother, Pat Smith. 2 with bags, rubber gloves and a rubbish picker, she spent an entire year 3 rubbish and caring for 52 British beaches after she made it her 2023 New Year's resolution to 4 one beach each week.She 5 spent her Christmas Day picking up plastic bottles on Trevone Beach. During her year­long cleanup, Smith was often 6 by other volunteers, including her grandchildren, who were determined to help her tidy up beach rubbish.However, some people often 7 Smith for doing community service, and to this, she said: “people don't understand I've been doing this 8 ．We should all take responsibility for picking up the rubbish as well as 9 we don't drop rubbish in the first place.” The environmentally conscious granny has no intention of 10 just because 2023 was over.“Cleaning 52 beaches in 2023 was my New Year's Resolution and it's finally 11 ，”said Smith.“I won't stop, as our beaches 12 me.I'm driven to try and protect our 13 for the children and grandchildren and I will 14 doing everything in my power to achieve that.I hope my efforts will help people be more 15 of their plastic consumption and recycling habits.” [语篇解读]本文是一篇记叙文，文章主要讲的是一位老奶奶为了拯救环境，坚持清理垃圾，并且将一直坚持下去。 1． A．example B．position C．plan D．role 解析：选A。 根据语境，此处说的是 Pat Smith 是深知每个人在保护环境中都有作用的一个完美 “例子(example)”。故选A。 2． A．Connected B．Armed C．Combined D．Rewarded 解析：选B。根据空后的“with bags, rubber gloves and a rubbish picker，”可知，此处指Pat Smith用这些东西来武装自己，be armed with...“武装/装备；配有”。故选B。 3． A．recycling B．collecting C．abandoning D．throwing 解析：选B。由下文可知她在清理海滩垃圾，根据生活常识可知，她是在 “收集(collecting)” 垃圾。故选B。 4． A．explore B．decorate C．clean D．survey 解析：选C。根据后文第11空前的 “Cleaning 52 beaches in 2023 was my New Year's Resolution” 可知她的新年决心是每周 “清理(clean)” 一个海滩。故选C。 5． A．thus B．still C．again D．even 解析：选D。她甚至在圣诞节都在捡塑料瓶，“even”(甚至)表示程度上的递进，突出她清理海滩垃圾的坚持。故选D。 6． A．joined B．recorded C．admired D．interrupted 解析：选A。根据空后“including her grandchildren, who were determined to help her tidy up beach rubbish” 可知其他志愿者 “加入(joined)” 了她，和她一起行动。故选A。 7． A．blame B．forgive C．admire D．mistake 解析：选D。她是自愿做这件事，而别人却误认为她在做社区服务。“mistake sb.for...” 表示 “把某人误认为 ……”故选D。 8． A．voluntarily B．secretly C．frequently D．cautiously 解析：选A。面对别人的不理解，她解释自己是 “自愿(voluntarily)” 做这件事的，不是社区服务要求。故选A。 9． A．declaring B．admitting C．ensuring D．realizing 解析：选C。她认为我们不仅要捡垃圾，还要 “确保(ensure)” 一开始就不扔垃圾。故选C。 10．A．escaping B．disappearing C．leaving D．stopping 解析：选D。根据后文第11空后的“I won't stop”可知这位老奶奶不会 “停止(stopping)”自己的自愿清扫海滩活动。故选D。 11．A．canceled B．done C．obtained D．found 解析：选B。此处表达她终于快要完成2023年的愿望了，it's done意思是：完成了，搞定了。故选B。 12．A．impress B．understand C．need D．trust 解析：选B。她不会停止自己的清理工作，是因为海滩“需要(need)”她。故选B。 13．A．planet B．community C．continent D．energy 解析：选A。我必须努力为我们的孩子，我们的子孙，保护我们的“地球(planet)”，我会尽我所能做到这一点。故选A。 14．A．enjoy B．continue C．suggest D．imagine 解析：选B。她会 “继续(continue)” 尽自己所能去实现这一目标。故选B。 15．A．proud B．curious C．doubt D．aware 解析：选D。她希望自己的努力让人们更能 “意识到” 塑料消费和回收习惯的问题。be aware of sth.“意识到某事”。故选D。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $