课后分层练3-【正禾一本通】2025-2026学年高二英语选择性必修1同步课堂高效讲义配套练习（外研版）

[课后分层练3] (时间：45分钟　满分：78.5分) Ⅰ.单词拼写(每小题1分，共8分) 1．The supermarket shelves are filled with different brands (牌子) of food and drinks, giving consumers a wide variety of choices. 2．You need to strive to achieve your goals.There are many examples rising to fame (名声) through constant struggles. 3．The activities include book sharing, reading salons and essay (论说文) writing competitions. 4．The comedian's performance was extremely witty (妙趣横生的), making the audience burst into laughter throughout the entire show. 5．The professor's remarks (评论) during the lecture inspired students to think deeply about the subject matter. 6．I met a strange fellow (家伙) on my way home.He was talking to himself. 7．This math problem is so complicated (难懂的) that only a few students in the class can solve it. 8．I hope more teachers will participate in the English salon activities and engage in interaction (交流) with students. Ⅱ.单句语法填空(每小题1分，共8分) 1．It is not what we do once in a while that shapes our lives but what we do consistently (consistent). 2．I'm writing with great excitement to tell you how proud I am for your remarkable (remark) accomplishments. 3．His new composition that he composed last week attracted lots of attention, which was beyond our expectations.(compose) 4．I'm an enthusiastic (enthusiasm) travel lover.So far I've been to scores of cities both at home and abroad. 5．Not only does literature (literary) reading give me great enjoyment, but I've developed critical thinking skills. 6．A sense of excitement was the main emotion (emotive) among the students when they were waiting for the famous expert. 7．The king of the Kingdom treated his people cruelly and his cruelty made them suffer greatly.(cruel) 8．Quietly, I slipped my hands around Mom's waist and gently (gentle) pressed my face against her back. Ⅲ.完成句子(每小题2分，共10分) 1．积极参与课堂讨论是很有必要的，这能够加深你对相关问题的理解。 It is essential to actively participate in class discussions, which can deepen your understanding of the issues. 2．中国传统手工艺品展览不仅精美，而且还是了解中国文化与历史的一种途径。(not only...but also...) The traditional Chinese handicrafts exhibition is not only beautiful but also a way to understand Chinese culture and history. 3．你所要做的就是制订合理的学习计划并坚持下去。 All you have to do is make a reasonable study plan and stick to it. 4．当学习英语时，听英语播客可以提高你的听力理解能力。 When studying English, listening to English podcasts can improve your listening comprehension. 5．听完这场鼓舞人心的演讲后，学生们不禁感到有动力去为梦想而奋斗。(can't help but...) After hearing the inspiring speech, the students can't help but feel motivated to strive for their dreams. Ⅳ.课文语法填空(每小题1.5分，共15分) Humor 1 has been (be) an important part of human life for centuries.In ancient times, 2 it was common to find humor in literature.Ancient Greece texts and medieval writings 3 contained (contain) jokes. Mark Twain is well­known for his humorous writing style.In his novel, he humorously said “Writing is easy.All you need 4 to do (do) is cross out the wrong words.”Once, during a lecture tour, Twain went into a barber's shop.The barber asked 5 if/whether he had a ticket to the lecture.Twain replied he didn't, and the barber said he had to stand as there were no seats left in the theatre.Twain said he always had to stand 6 when that fellow lectured! Wang Zengqi from China also has a unique sense of humor.In his “On Humour”，he introduced many humorous examples.He believed humor shows personality and reflects one's attitude 7 towards life.When a reader praised him highly, he replied modestly.On another occasion, 8 invited (invite) to speak last in the US, he said, “None of today's speakers have last names 9 starting (start) with X, Y, or Z, so I am the last one.But don't worry, my speech will be short.” Both Twain and Wang understood that humour is not only about 10 making (make) people laugh but also a way to face life.As Twain said, “Humor is mankind's greatest blessing.” Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分，共10分) (2025·山东青岛高二上期中)For a lucky 32 percent or so of humans, happiness may seem like a matter of good genes.That's because their DNA encodes (解码) for certain personality quality, like outgoing and low anxiety, which are closely linked to increased levels of life satisfaction.In studies of twins, those genetic differences help explain why one was happier with their life than the other. But a happy life isn't entirely determined by genetics.For the most part, your happiness is impacted by environmental and behavioral factors, aspects of your lives over which we can exercise some control.And there are more direct ways to boost our happiness level, too. Often referred to as “positive psychology”，a growing body of evidence suggests there are interventions that can teach people happiness skills, like how to be more compassionate with themselves, or how to enjoy positive experiences.Some emphasize reflecting on your personal strengths and values.Others involve thoughts or connecting with others.Admittedly, none will lead to excitement—but they can make a meaningful difference in your life. A researcher Lyubomirsky compares learning happiness to creating exercise habits; a routine that has to be practiced frequently.One strategy she recommends is writing thank­you letters to people in your life. But there's no magic set of practices, though.That's why Lyubomirsky says it's important to find techniques that work for you.If a thank­you letter gets boring or isn't your thing, try calling a friend or thinking. But neither genes nor clinically tested exercises can protect people from the reality that life is hard.During the pandemic, Santos found herself overworked, exhausted and nearly close to burnout.She was fortunate enough to take a holiday and practice the strategies.The experience has been an important reminder for Santos that even the most scientifically supported exercises can't help if you don't do them. “The strategies I teach work, ” she says.“But you have to make sure you're following them and putting them into practice, which takes regular work and effort.” [语篇解读]这是一篇说明文。文章主要探讨了影响人类幸福的因素，还介绍了通过积极心理学提升幸福水平的相关方法。 1．Which factors mainly influence people's happiness most? A．The inborn personality aspects. B．The education that people receive. C．The living environment and habits. D．The interpersonal relationship. 解析：选C。细节理解题。根据文章第二段的“For the most part, your happiness is impacted by environmental and behavioral factors” 可知，影响人们幸福的主要是生活环境和习惯等方面，并非单纯的基因等其他因素。故选C。 2．How can we learn to be happy? A．Explore our shining points. B．Compare yourself with other people. C．Appreciate all our life experiences. D．Think for others instead of ourselves. 解析：选C。推理判断题。根据文章第三段“Some emphasize reflecting on your personal strengths and values” 以及“Others involve thoughts or connecting with others” 可推断出，我们要从自身以及与他人相处等多方面去感受生活，也就是要欣赏生活中的各种经历，故选C。 3．What does Santos suggest people do? A．Write thank­you notes to their parents. B．Take a break to relieve their burden. C．Find a method suitable to them and stick to it. D．Read more books to get the practical techniques. 解析：选C。推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段的“ The experience has been an important reminder for Santos that even the most scientifically supported exercises can't help if you don't do them.”以及最后一段的“But you have to make sure you're following them and putting them into practice, which takes regular work and effort.”可以推断出，桑托斯是在建议人们找到适合自己的方法并且坚持去实践它。故选C项。 4．What can be a suitable title for the text? A．Train yourself to be positive. B．Say no to negative influences. C．The importance of psychology. D．The secret of personality quality. 解析：选A。主旨大意题。文章围绕幸福展开，先是说明影响幸福的因素，接着重点介绍了通过积极心理学中相关干预措施等学习幸福的方法，强调要找到适合自己的并付诸实践，也就是要训练自己变得积极以提升幸福感。故选A项。 Ⅱ.阅读七选五(每小题2.5分，共12.5分) (2025·山西高二上期中)Laughter is a universal language for humans to connect with each other and form social bonds.Even as babies, we giggle (咯咯笑) when our parents pull funny faces, and then gradually learn to make others laugh as we grow up.But, is it a uniquely human experience？1( )． Have you ever seen dogs let people come close to their toy, and then playfully run away with it? Marc Bekoff, biology professor at the University of Colorado, also observed dogs playfully teasing each other by approaching slowly and then quickly running away.2( )．And he's also said that animals may spend time doing silly things as a way to cope with stress. In a 2024 study, Isabelle Laumer and colleagues watched four ape (猿类) species interact with each other.3( )．They saw young apes approach quietly behind an adult, push them to surprise them and then wait and watch the response, behaviour similar to that shown by human children.So, a sense of humour may have appeared early in our evolutionary timeline. 4( )．While playing, dogs sometimes produce a breathy snort (喷鼻息) that could sound like laughter, says Jeffrey Burgdorf, professor at Northwestern University. But, are the apes in Laumer's study really joking around or just attention­seeking? What would be the evolutionary purpose of animals teasing? “In humans, humour can serve as an ice­breaker, removing social barriers and strengthening relationships，” says Laumer.“5( )．” A．What about laughing? B．The sound of their laughter died away. C．Dogs can hear much better than humans. D．His work concluded that dogs just want to have fun. E．Meanwhile, they observed 18 distinct teasing behaviours. F．We don't know if it's the same in apes or other animals, but it's possible. G．Scientists have observed behaviours in animals that suggest your pets might be secret jokesters. [语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。有大量证据表明动物们和人类一样喜欢互相捉弄对方，而且它们这样做完全是出于好玩！ 1．解析：选G。根据上文“But, is it a uniquely human experience？”可知，本句回答上文提出的问题，G选项中pets与第二段中的 dogs相呼应。故G项“科学家已经观察到动物的行为，表明你的宠物可能是秘密的开玩笑者”回答了该问题。故选G。 2．解析：选D。设空处承上启下。上文讲述了狗的行为，本句承接上文，说明这个教授对这些狗的行为的研究发现。故D项“他的研究结论是狗只是想找乐子”符合语境。故选D。 3．解析：选E。设空处承上启下。上文提到了观察猿类，后文举例说明了猿类具体的捉弄行为。本句承接上文，说明观察的结果，故E项“同时，他们观察到18种不同的戏弄行为”符合语境。故选E。 4．解析：选A。设空处为段首句。根据后文的描述可知，本段主要说明了动物会发出笑声的情况。故A项“那笑呢？”符合语境。故选A。 5．解析：选F。设空处总结本段。前文提到人类的幽默，本句可能会联想到猿类和其他动物是否也有类似的行为。故F项“我们不知道猿或其他动物是否也有同样的情况，但这是可能的”符合语境。故选F。 Ⅲ.完形填空(每小题1分，共15分) (2025·浙江杭州北斗联盟高二上期中)Several days ago, I, an intern (实习医生), had got a break for one hour from my surgery.For a few stuff to 1 about, I decided to meet my mentor. When passing by the hall, I saw many people 2 up before a counter.A man sitting away 3 called out, and immediately a woman in the line stepped out.Unfortunately, when she went back, her place was already 4 by others.I saw disappointment and worry on her face.I went to her and asked what had happened.The concerned woman 5 that her father was severely painful and no one was with him while she was doing the formality(手续).Learning that, I offered to help and the old man was finally 6 to hospital. 7 ，I was late for the meeting and got harshly scolded by my mentor.I came out in a terrible 8 when I heard a female voice from the back.“Doctor？” The woman I helped came to me with a radiation of 9 on her face.I could see the pleasure 10 in her words.But she 11 my frustration and insisted on asking me the reason.I had to tell her the 12 ．Then she quickly dragged me to the discussion room and told the mentor everything.We all came out with a 13 smile. Sometimes these small things which we do for others 14 a lot for both sides.In this busy daily life our time we spent for others doesn't affect our schedules much but it acts like a glue which 15 the broken faith. [语篇解读]本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在医院中的一次经历，展现了帮助他人所带来的正面影响。 1． A．hear B．consult C．quarrel D．debate 解析：选B。此处表达作者在手术工作中获得了一个小时的休息时间，由于有几件事要咨询(consult)，于是决定去找自己的导师。故选B。 2． A．cheering B．queuing C．dressing D．covering 解析：选B。根据后文第3空后的“and immediately a woman in the line stepped out.”并结合常识可知，当时作者在大厅看到有很多人在排队(queuing)。故选B。 3． A．in panic B．in vain C．in pain D．in charge 解析：选C。根据后文第5空后的“her father was severely painful and no one was with him while she was doing the formality(手续).”可知，这位男士非常痛苦(in pain)。故选C。 4． A．registered B．emptied C．sold D．occupied 解析：选D。不幸的是，当她再次回到队伍时，她的位置已经被其他人占了(occupied)。故选D。 5． A．resolved B．complained C．stated D．anticipated 解析：选C。根据语境可知，作者向这位女士询问情况。所以这位女士向作者说明(stated)情况。故选C。 6． A．admitted B．brought C．attached D．transported 解析：选A。在了解到这个情况后，作者主动提出帮助，老人终于住进了医院。考查短语：be admitted to，意为“被允许进入……”。故选A。 7． A．Surprisingly B．Cautiously C．Unfortunately D．Unbelievably 解析：选C。根据语境可知，作者因为帮助别人而错过了与导师的会面，并被导师责备了。由此可知，这是不幸的(unfortunately)。故选C。 8． A．condition B．danger C．mess D．mood 解析：选D。作者被导师责备了，根据生活常识可知，作者此时情绪(mood)很糟糕。故选D。 9． A．preparation B．gratitude C．celebration D．combination 解析：选B。作者帮助这位女士照顾老人，由此可知，这位女士非常感激(gratitude)作者。故选B。 10．A．flowing B．disappearing C．weakening D．starting 解析：选A。我能从她的话语中感受到那洋溢着的喜悦之情。flowing在此意为：洋溢、充满、流淌。故选A。 11．A．detected B．acknowledged C．overestimated D．comprehended 解析：选A。但她察觉到了(detected)我的沮丧，坚持要问我原因。故选A。 12．A．process B．truth C．consequence D．impact 解析：选B。此处表达：作者告知了这位女士真相，也就是自己迟到了，被导师责备了。故选B。 13．A．broad B．special C．uncommon D．abnormal 解析：选A。这位女士将一切都告知了作者的导师，两人脸上带着灿烂的(broad)笑容。故选A。 14．A．strikes B．integrates C．accommodates D．matters 解析：选D。根据上文内容可知，作者帮助了这位女士的父亲办理入院；而这位女士也帮助作者向导师说明了情况。由此可知，有时候，我们所做的小事情对彼此都很重要(matters)。故选D。 15．A．recaptures B．reconnects C．represents D．reserves 解析：选B。在我们忙碌的日常生活中，为别人花费的时间并不会对我们的日程安排造成太大影响，但它却像胶水一样，重新连接了(reconnects)破裂的信任。故选B。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $