单元强化练 [UNIT 5]-【正禾一本通】2025-2026学年高二英语选择性必修1同步课堂高效讲义配套练习（人教版）

单元强化练 [UNIT 5] (时间：45分钟　满分：78.5分) 【基础知识强化练】 Ⅰ.单词拼写(每小题1分，共6分) 1．You should allow a little time after a meal for the food to digest (消化). 2．There are several alternatives (替代物) to your plan. 3．Can you give me an instance (例子) of violence at the school? 4．It is absolutely essential (极其重要的) that you aren't distracted in class. 5．My sister and I loved to go grocery (食品杂货店) shopping with our mother at our leisure when we were little. 6．In most cases (事例), there will be no need for further treatment. Ⅱ.单句语法填空(每小题1分，共10分) 1．I think we should devote much more time to adjusting (adjust) to the new environment. 2．I found his speech convincing (convince) and he would call on more people to take regular exercise. 3．My assessments were based on the assumption (assume) that house prices would remain steady. 4．I have no alternative but to ask (ask) him for an appropriate way to solve the problem. 5．The educators in this school took turns to deliver (deliver) a speech in the rural schools. 6．It is essential that he (should) get (get) some reliable information before making inferences. 7．A shortage (short) of experience caused us to assess what had happened in an incorrect way. 8．Assuming (assume) that I settled the conflict，I would employ an entirely new way. 9．To turn their dreams into a reality (real)，the twins work very hard. 10．What made me thrilled was that I could distinguish between this kind of flower and another one. Ⅲ.完成句子(每小题2分，共10分) 1．鉴于高三学生即将毕业，昨天学生会组织了爱心义卖活动，以较低的价格出售各种旧书和二手物品。(given that...) Given that Senior Three students are to graduate，a charity sale was organized by the Student Union yesterday to sell various used books and second­hand goods at a lower price. 2．人们普遍认为压力是由过多的工作引起的。(assume) It is generally assumed that stress is caused by too much work. 3．更多的高速公路被建设完成，使人们到中国各地旅行更加方便。(现在分词作结果状语) More highways have been built, making it more convenient for people to travel around China． 4．这本食谱里包含许多简单却又营养丰富的菜肴。(comprise) This cookbook is comprised of/comprises many simple yet highly nutritious meals. 5．在大城市，自行车正在成为替代私家车出行的短途交通工具。(alternative; means of transport) In big cities, bicycles are becoming an alternative means of short­distance transport to private cars. 【综合能力提升练】 Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分，共10分) (2025·广东深圳高二上期末)As cities continue to grow, the need for efficient and sustainable food production has never been greater.Urban Sprout, an innovative company, has introduced Rooftop Green, a garden system that transforms urban rooftops into green spaces providing fresh produce directly to city residents. Rooftop Green is designed to be adaptable, serving small households as well as large commercial buildings.By developing otherwise unused rooftop space, it provides a practical solution to the problem of urban food deserts.The system is remarkably easy to maintain and promises a constant supply of organic vegetables and herbs. The technology behind Rooftop Green includes smart sensors and an automatic watering system.The latter optimizes plant growth with minimal water use.Connected to a mobile app, the sensors give users insights into plant health, growth stages, and proper harvest times.The app ensures that even green­hand gardeners can successfully grow their crops with confidence. By creating green oases (绿洲) in urban areas, Rooftop Green not only cuts the carbon footprint associated food transport but also enhances urban biodiversity.Furthermore, it reduces reliance on chemical fertilizers, making it an environmentally friendly option for citizens. Urban Sprout employees include the company's eco­friendly values in their daily routines.They actively participate in community gardening and conservation projects, promoting sustainability within and beyond the workplace.“Our goal is to develop a culture that values green living，” explained an Urban Sprout representative. Rooftop Green is more than an agricultural innovation.It is part of a broader movement towards sustainable living.For those looking to make a positive environmental impact, it offers an accessible and impactful way to engage with sustainability. [语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。Urban Sprout 公司推出了Rooftop Green花园系统，文章主要介绍了Rooftop Green系统如何解决城市食品荒漠问题，并提供了一种可持续发展的城市生活解决方案。 1．What is the main purpose of Rooftop Green? A．To provide decorations for urban buildings. B．To make profits through commercial farming. C．To conduct scientific research on plant growth. D．To provide fresh produce by rooftop gardening. 解析：选D。细节理解题。根据第一段中“Urban Sprout, an innovative company, has introduced Rooftop Green, a garden system that transforms urban rooftops into green spaces providing fresh produce directly to city residents.”可知，Rooftop Green主要的目的是通过屋顶园艺提供新鲜农产品。故选D。 2．What's the function of smart sensors? A．Observing the gardening process. B．Decreasing the need for watering. C．Speeding up the growth of plants. D．Building confidence of beginners. 解析：选A。细节理解题。根据第三段中“Connected to a mobile app, the sensors give users insights into plant health, growth stages, and proper harvest times.The app ensures that even green­hand gardeners can successfully grow their crops with confidence.”可知，智能传感器的功能是观察园艺过程。故选A。 3．What does Rooftop Green suggest? A．The change of workplace culture. B．A green and long­lasting city life. C．The total reliance on technologies. D．A trend towards independent living. 解析：选B。细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“‘Our goal is to develop a culture that values green living，’ explained an Urban Sprout representative.”可知，Rooftop Green致力于一种绿色持久的城市生活。故选B。 4．What's the best title of the text? A．Innovations in Agricultural Technology B．Rooftop Solutions for Urban Food Deserts C．Enhancing Urban Biodiversity with Sensors D．The Role of Technology in Urban Gardening 解析：选B。主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段可知，文章主要介绍了Rooftop Green系统如何解决城市食品荒漠问题，并提供了一种可持续发展的城市生活解决方案，B项“城市食品沙漠的屋顶解决方案”适合作文章标题，故选B。 Ⅱ.阅读七选五(每小题2.5分，共12.5分) 4 Reasons to Graduate in Agriculture Attitudes towards agriculture are changing.1( ), because it offers them more opportunities than ever before and a chance to make a difference.Let's take a closer look. Choose from a wide range of subjects.The field of agriculture is very broad and students can study anything from animal science and land management to horticulture or economics.2( )．Whether students are more interested in the scientific side of agriculture or the more practical and active side, there is a choice to satisfy all different types of learners. Experience abundant job opportunities.3( ).They don't just have to go into farming, although they can choose to manage farm or agricultural businesses.They can work in areas like agricultural sales and marketing or get positions in environmental conservation.They can also choose to work in a wide range of environments such as in offices, outdoors or a mixture of both. 4( )．In the course of their agricultural studies, students will be exposed to many issues that affect the world today.Students can get involved in research and development work in significant areas like tackling poverty and food insecurity.Skilled graduates will help to shape the response to global needs in different areas by applying their problem­solving skills. Get paid well.An easy way to reduce the risk of being unemployed after graduation is to become skilled in a field where there's a shortage.5( )．Agricultural graduates, especially those with master's degrees, are in demand and therefore have the potential to earn top salaries. A．Encourage healthy eating habits B．Address significant modern world issues C．More students are choosing to register for agriculture D．Agriculture is an essential industry that needs more skilled graduates E．A career can go down a great number of different routes for agricultural graduates F．Environmental conservation and farming practice are other common areas of study G．Students would have the opportunity to gain skills while gaining extra outdoor exercises [语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了越来越多的学生选择农业专业的四个理由。 1．解析：选C。标题“4 Reasons to Graduate in Agriculture”表明本文介绍选择农业专业的理由，前文“Attitudes towards agriculture are changing.”指出人们对农业专业的态度发生了转变，后文“because it offers them more opportunities than ever before and a chance to make a difference”是一个原因，解释农业专业为某类人群提供了更多的机会，空处应该是指出很多学生选择农业专业这一具体现象，因此C项符合语境，承接前文，后文是对其解释，其中的More students是后文them指代的对象。故选C。 2．解析：选F。前文“The field of agriculture is very broad and students can study anything from animal science and land management to horticulture or economics.”指出农业领域可选择的具体专业很丰富，这些专业偏科学理论，后文“Whether students are more interested in the scientific side of agriculture or the more practical and active side, there is a choice to satisfy all different types of learners.”总结表明农业可以满足学习者的科学或实际两大方向的需求，空处应该是介绍农业领域偏实际方向的专业，因此符合语境，承前启后。故选F。 3．解析：选E。前文“Experience abundant job opportunities.”总的指出选择农业会有很多工作机会，后文“They don't just have to go into farming, although they can choose to manage farm or agricultural businesses.They can work in areas like agricultural sales and marketing or get positions in environmental conservation.”具体介绍某类人群可以选择的各种职业，空处应该是说明农业学生的职业发展很多样，因此E项符合语境，承前启后，其中的agricultural graduates是后文they指代的对象。故选E。 4．解析：选B。后文“In the course of their agricultural studies, students will be exposed to many issues that affect the world today.Students can get involved in research and development work in significant areas like tackling poverty and food insecurity.”具体说明学习农业的学生可以解决影响当今世界的问题，做出贡献，空处作为段首句，应该是指出选择农业专业的一个理由是解决当今世界问题，且需和其他段首句一样使用祈使句的形式，因此B项符合语境，契合后文内容。故选B。 5．解析：选D。前文“An easy way to reduce the risk of being unemployed after graduation is to become skilled in a field where there's a shortage.”指出掌握紧缺领域的技能可以保证就业，后文“Agricultural graduates, especially those with master's degrees, are in demand and therefore have the potential to earn top salaries.”说明农业毕业生可以获得高薪，空处应该起到过渡作用，说明农业是需要技能的行业，因此D项符合语境，承前启后。故选D。 Ⅲ.完形填空(每小题1分，共15分) (2025·重庆期中)In 17th­century Europe, it was unheard of for a woman to travel by herself, but that didn't stop Maria Sibylla Merian.In 1699, she and her daughter Dorothea 1 from Amsterdam to Surinam in South America.The three­month voyage was 2 but she was determined to go.She wanted to be the first person to go to a foreign country to study and paint insects 3 from nature. When they arrived in Surinam, Maria and Dorothea 4 working.Day after day, they took their painting 5 into the hot rainforest to collect and draw insects and plants.Artists had never done such a thing before.Still life (静物) painters drew from dead specimens (标本).But Maria had always been interested in painting 6 animals and plants. In the rainforest, she 7 ladders (梯子) to study and collect insects.She had trees cut down so she could see what 8 at the top level of the forest more than a hundred feet overhead.Maria combined both 9 and science in her work.As a skilled 10 ， she kept detailed notes. After two years, she had to 11 Surinam.The 12 was unbearable and she was ill with malaria.But she had more than enough material for a/an 13 ．In June 1701, Maria and Dorothea went back to Amsterdam. Four years later, in 1705, Maria 14 the book for which she is best known, Metamorphosis of the Insects of Surinam.The paintings of insects and plants in their natural habitats 15 the scientific study of insects. [语篇解读]本文是一篇人物传记。文章详细叙述了17世纪女性科学家和艺术家Maria Sibylla Merian的生平事迹，特别是她前往苏里南进行昆虫和植物研究并出版相关书籍的经历。 1． A．sailed B．flew C．drove D．walked 解析：选A。根据下文“The three­month voyage was 2 but she was determined to go.”中的“voyage”可知，她和女儿从阿姆斯特丹起航。故选A。 2． A．pleasant B．dangerous C．remarkable D．short 解析：选B。根据上文“In 17th­century Europe, it was unheard of for a woman to travel by herself, but that didn't stop Maria Sibylla Merian.”以及常理可知，这三个月的航行非常危险。故选B。 3． A．directly B．quickly C．gradually D．slightly 解析：选A。根据下文“Day after day, they took their painting 5 into the hot rainforest to collect and draw insects and plants.”可知，她希望直接从大自然研究和绘制昆虫。故选A。 4． A．stopped B．started C．loved D．tried 解析：选B。根据下文“Day after day, they took their painting 5 into the hot rainforest to collect and draw insects and plants.”可知，她们一到达苏里南就开始投入工作。故选B。 5． A．prizes B．works C．materials D．paints 解析：选C。根据空后的“draw insects and plants”可推测，她们是带着绘画材料进入雨林来绘制昆虫和植物。故选C。 6． A．sick B．ancient C．living D．rare 解析：选C。根据上文“Still life painters drew from dead specimens (标本)”可知，当时其他的静物画家都是根据死亡的标本进行绘制；根据本句句首的“But”可推测，Maria想要画活的动植物。故选C。 7． A．invented B．extracted C．jumped D．climbed 解析：选D。根据空后的“ladders”可推测，她是爬上梯子研究昆虫。故选D。 8． A．wandered B．stretched C．floated D．lived 解析：选D。根据上文“She had trees cut down”以及她进入雨林是为了研究昆虫可知，她让人砍倒树是为了看看树顶有什么生物生活着。故选D。 9． A．art B．music C．literature D．technology 解析：选A。根据上文“Day after day, they took their painting 5 into the hot rainforest to collect and draw insects and plants”可知，Maria研究昆虫和植物并画下来。由此可知，Maria将艺术和科学相结合。故选A。 10．A．observer B．student C．novelist D．journalist 解析：选A。根据下文“she kept detailed notes”可知，她是个很好的观察者，所以能详细记录自己的所见所闻。故选A。 11．A．leave B．bless C．defeat D．keep 解析：选A。根据下文“In June 1701, Maria and Dorothea went back to Amsterdam.”可知，她得离开苏里南。故选A。 12．A．insect B．smell C．heat D．food 解析：选C。根据上文“they took their painting 5 into the hot rainforest”以及常理可知，苏里南温度很高，酷热难忍。故选C。 13．A．essay B．journal C．painting D．book 解析：选D。根据下文“Four years later, in 1705, Maria 14 the book for which she is best known, Metamorphosis of the Insects of Surinam.”可知，她已经积累了足够多的素材来撰写一本书。故选D。 14．A．published B．assessed C．banned D．adjusted 解析：选A。根据空后“the book for which she is best known, Metamorphosis of the Insects of Surinam”可知，她出版了一本书。故选A。 15．A．ceased B．advanced C．revealed D．opposed 解析：选B。根据常理可知，书中描绘了昆虫和植物在其自然栖息地中的画面，这会推动昆虫的科学研究。故选B。 Ⅳ.语法填空(每小题1.5分，共15分) (2025·福建福州期中)In a vast desert on the outskirts of Dubai, Chinese experts looked across a field of “drought­resistant” rice they had planted in sand and seawater and 1 _____(realise) that a four­decade struggle had come to 2 end. “The result was extremely satisfying，” said Du Dele, an official at the Chinese research centre pioneering the salt­resistant rice, 3 many believe could solve food shortages in the world's most uncultivable (不可耕作的) regions. “We learned that we can grow rice in the desert, and we were very 4 (amaze) when we analysed the results and saw how much we can produce，” he said. Rice is 5 (common) grown in fresh water and soil, rather than sand and seawater. And in Dubai, where temperatures can reach 50 ℃ (122 °F ) in the day and sandstorms are common, the challenge is more serious. But 6 (scientist) at the Sea­Rice Research and Development Centre in Qingdao, eastern China, produced more than 7.5 metric tonnes per hectare of one strain of salt­resistant rice which was planted in the dusty emirate. China began to make rapid progress in the 7 (develop) of seawater rice after 1986 when a wild rice variety 8 (discover) growing in marshes (沼泽) near the sea in the southern Guangdong Province. China's “father of hybrid rice” Yuan Longping, who led the Qingdao centre, said the results were “better 9 he had expected”， and his team was seeking 10 (expand) its research. [语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了在迪拜郊区一片广阔的沙漠中，中国专家看着他们在沙子和海水中种植的“抗旱”水稻，意识到40年的斗争已经结束。 1．解析：realised。考查时态。根据上文looked可知为一般过去时。故填realised。 2．解析：an。考查冠词。短语come to an end表示“结束”。故填an。 3．解析：which。考查定语从句。非限制性定语从句修饰先行词the salt­resistant rice，空处在从句作主语，指物。故填which。 4．解析：amazed。考查形容词。空处作表语，表示人的状态，应用形容词amazed。故填amazed。 5．解析：commonly。考查副词。修饰动词grow应用副词commonly，故填commonly。 6．解析：scientists。考查名词的数。此处数量大于1应用复数形式。故填scientists。 7．解析：development。考查名词。短语in the development of表示“在……方面的发展”。故填development。 8．解析：was discovered。考查时态和语态。主语a wild rice variety与谓语构成被动关系，根据上文1986可知为一般过去时的被动语态，谓语用单数。故填was discovered。 9．解析：than。考查比较级。根据句意和上文better可知为比较级，应用than。故填than。 10．解析：to expand。考查非谓语动词。短语seek to do sth表示“寻求做某事”。故填to expand。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $