单元强化练 [UNIT 1]-【正禾一本通】2025-2026学年高二英语选择性必修1同步课堂高效讲义配套练习（人教版）

单元强化练 [UNIT 1] (时间：45分钟　满分：78.5分) 【基础知识强化练】 Ⅰ.单词拼写(每小题1分，共6分) 1．When the war broke out, they fled (逃跑) to Italy, where they lived and worked for 15 years. 2．He defeated (战胜) the other competitors and won the world title. 3．Scientists have obtained (获得) more evidence that plastic is finding its way into the human body. 4．Under the leadership of the Communist Party of China, the People's Republic of China was founded (建立) on October 1st, 1949. 5．The professor (教授) warned the students that on no account should they use mobile phones in his class. 6．Our football match was cancelled in consequence (结果) of the heavy rain. Ⅱ.单句语法填空(每小题1分，共10分) 1．These ten books sum up this year's production. 2．I finished the work in advance with everyone helping (help) me. 3．The street was blocked as a consequence of the heavy snow. 4．It is said that when the new president comes (come) to power he will have to face many difficult problems. 5．He held a number of patents (patent) for his many innovations. 6．I'd like to tell you about the table manners which you should know when you visit Korea. 7．What are the difficulties you are most likely to encounter (encounter)? 8．I shall never forget those years when I lived on the farm with the farmers, which has a great effect on my life. 9．These cars are remarkable (remark) for the quietness of their engines. 10．Over the years several similar theories (theory) have been put forward. Ⅲ.完成句子(每小题2分，共10分) 1．他坚持要我们走另一条路避开堵车。[insist that sb (should) do sth] He insisted that we should take a different route to avoid traffic. 2．这位科学家致力于研究针对流感病毒的疫苗。(be committed to doing) The scientist is committed to researching vaccines against the flu virus. 3．被邀请来参加本次夏令营开幕式我深感荣幸。(It is an honour for sb to do) It is a great honour for me to be invited to attend the opening ceremony of the summer camp. 4．人们普遍认为新鲜食物对我们的健康有益。 It is generally acknowledged that fresh food is beneficial to our health. 5．我们负责任地控制住自己对环境的影响是至关重要的。(crucial) It is crucial that we responsibly manage our impact on the environment. 【综合能力提升练】 Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分，共10分) The year 2023 marks the 102nd anniversary of Noether's ring theory, a branch of theoretical mathematics that is still fascinating and challenging numerous mathematicians today. Noether was born in 1882 in Germany, whose father was a math professor, but it must have seemed unlikely to a young Noether that she would follow in his footsteps because women were banned from academia and few took classes at universities.After Noether graduated from a high school for girls, Erlangen University started to let women enroll.She signed up and earned her doctorate in mathematics, which should have been the end of her mathematical journey.Teaching at a university for women was still out of the question.But Noether stuck with mathematics anyway, staying in Erlangen and unofficially guiding doctoral students without pay. In 1915, she applied for a position at the University of Gottingen.Bill Nicholl, the dean at the university, also a mathematician, was in favor of hiring Noether, although his argument was far from feminist (女权主义的).“The female brain is unsuitable for mathematical production，” he wrote, “but Noether stood out as one of the rare exceptions.” Unfortunately for Noether, the Ministry of Education would not give the university permission to have a woman as their teacher.Noether stayed in Gottingen and taught courses listed under the name of a male faculty teacher.During those years, she kept doing research and made important contributions to theoretical physics and Einstein's theory of relativity.The university finally granted her lecturer status.Two years later, Noether published revolutionary discoveries in ring theory, which is the study of mathematical objects called rings.Noetherian rings show up all the time in modern mathematics.Mathematicians still use Noether's map today, not just in ring theory, but in other areas such as number theory and algebraic geometry. [语篇解读]本文是一篇记叙文。诺特为数学做出了开拓性的贡献，在那个时代，女性还被排斥在学术界之外，但她坚守数学领域，发表了有关环论的革命性发现，至今数学家们仍在思考和发展她的发现。 1．What do we learn about Noether from Paragraph 2? A．She taught at university as a teacher. B．She earned a degree in mathematics. C．She was taught by her father at home. D．She quit her mathematical journey early. 解析：选B。 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“She signed up and earned her doctorate in mathematics”可知Noether报名并获得了数学博士学位。故选B。 2．What can we infer from Bill Nicholl's words? A．He was struggling for feminism. B．Females' brains differed from males'. C．Noether was a giant in mathematics. D．Women mathematicians were superb. 解析：选C。细节理解题。根据第三段Bill Nicholl所说的话“‘The female brain is unsuitable for mathematical production，’ he wrote, ‘but Noether stood out as one of the rare exceptions.’”可知， Noether是天生的数学大师人物。故选C。 3．What do we know about Noether's ring theory? A．It is still used by mathematicians today. B．It opens up a new field in modern physics. C.It is based on Einstein's theory of relativity. D.It lays the foundation for modern mathematics. 解析：选A。 细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Mathematicians still use Noether's map today, not just in ring theory, but in other areas such as number theory and algebraic geometry.”可知，环论在今天依然为数学家所利用。故选A。 4．Which of the following can best describe Noether? A．Gifted and generous. B．Sensitive and determined. C．Committed and creative. D．Hard­working and honest. 解析：选C。 推理判断题。根据全文内容及第四段中的“During those years, she kept doing research and made important contributions to theoretical physics and Einstein's theory of relativity.The university finally granted her lecturer status.Two years later, Noether published revolutionary discoveries in ring theory, which is the study of mathematical objects called rings.”可知，Noether是坚定的且有创意的人。故选C。 Ⅱ.阅读七选五(每小题2.5分，共12.5分) Leonardo da Vinci is often thought of mainly as an artist, with world­famous works like The Last Supper and the Mona Lisa.1( ) But his notebooks, filled with his strange writing, show that his main interests were in engineering and technology. 2( ) If his pioneering work on anatomy (解剖学) is also taken into consideration, it is not hard to see why Leonardo is considered to be one of the greatest geniuses of all time. Born in 1452 to a Florentine lawyer and a local village girl, Leonardo was given only a very basic education.After ten years in the workshop of the artist Verrocchio, he began to work for himself.The work he did shows an unbelievable combination of technical skill and very careful observation.3( ) At the age of thirty, he left his hometown and moved to Milan, where he spent seventeen years working for the Duke of Milan.4( ) In fact, his painting was increasingly influenced by his interest in mathematics.During this period, he painted The Last Supper and developed his ideas for chemical weapons (化学武器). In 1506 he returned to Milan and became increasingly interested in science.5( ) He also studied many other animals, comparing their bodies to the human body.From then on, Leonardo spent the rest of his life mainly on his scientific studies. A．Before long, he returned to his painting. B．Of course, his place in art history is certain. C．It also shows his great interest in technology. D．The notebooks are full of drawings for all kinds of inventions. E．He began to study human bodies and the movement of the blood. F．Here he continued to combine his scientific work with his painting. G．It was a good chance to make some money with his new inventions. [语篇解读]本文是一篇人物传记。达·芬奇虽然是伟大的艺术家，但同时对科学研究感兴趣，这对他的艺术创作也有影响。 1．解析：选B。根据空后的“But...”可推知，空处内容与下句有转折关系，应顺承上句意思，结合上句可推知，空处要肯定他在艺术史上的地位，与艺术家有关。故选B。 2．解析：选D。根据下句中的“also taken into consideration”，再结合上段最后一句可推知，空处在介绍笔记本中的内容，所以D选项“笔记本上满是各种发明的图画”符合题意。故选D。 3．解析：选C。根据上句可推知，空处要展示出他对其他方面的兴趣。所以C选项“这也显示了他对技术的极大兴趣”符合题意，其中also与上句构成递进关系。故选C。 4．解析：选F。根据下文介绍的他在数学、化学和绘画上的成就可推知，空处应介绍他继续将科学工作和绘画结合起来。所以F选项“在这里，他继续将科学工作与绘画结合起来”符合题意。故选F。 5．解析：选E。根据下句可推知，空处与下句有递进关系，说明达·芬奇研究的内容。所以E选项“他开始研究人体和血液的运动”符合题意。故选E。 Ⅲ.完形填空(每小题1分，共15分) Over the past 38 years, Mr.Wang has pretended to be someone else many times, and has even learned to 1 different dialects (方言), leading to him being described as an “Oscar­winning actor”． The 60­year­old is not an actor, but a 2 ．However, he is more devoted to his “ 3 ” than any real actor. In the 1990s, a group of thieves often sold stolen goods with the help of some beggars.To look into the 4 ， Wang disguised (伪装) himself and 5 the beggars.Dirty shorts and old shoes gave him the 6 of a real beggar and his convincing dialect soon won him the 7 of the beggars. “I often 8 them to drink alcohol.Once they were 9 ， they began to talk a lot，” Wang said.“I'd then 10 myself to use the toilet, 11 what the beggars said, and send the 12 to my teammates.” Wang, who is often in 13 situations, is also a judo (柔道) master.“As long as I get close enough, no criminal can 14 from me，” he said. Wang's 15 won him several honors, including a National May Day Labor Medal and 11 Citations of Merit. [语篇解读]本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了王警官伪装成乞丐做卧底抓捕窃贼的故事。为了破案，他学习了多种方言，衣着破旧，赢得了乞丐的信任，最后成功抓捕窃贼，赢得了多项荣誉。 1． A．teach B．compare C．assess D．speak 解析：选D。 根据该句中的“pretended to be someone else”和“different dialects (方言)”可知，此处是指王警官学习讲不同的方言，speak “会讲；会说(某种语言)”，故D项正确。 2． A．lawyer B．doctor C．policeman D．businessman 解析：选C。根据第三段第二句中的“Wang disguised (伪装) himself”可知，王警官伪装成乞丐，打入偷窃团伙内部；再根据常识可知，他是一名警察。 3． A．role B．study C．family D．audience 解析：选A。 根据该句中的“than any real actor”，再结合下文他伪装成乞丐抓小偷的描述可知，他比任何专业演员都更专注自己的角色。role “角色”，故A项正确。 4． A．mirror B．case C．future D．question 解析：选B 。根据上句可知，小偷团伙在一些乞丐的帮助下销售偷来的东西；据此可知，该处是说为了调查这起案件，他伪装成乞丐。case “案情；调查的案件”，故B项正确。 5． A．interviewed B．joined C．arrested D．assisted 解析：选B。根据该句中的“disguised (伪装) himself”可知，他伪装成乞丐，加入了他们。join “加入；参加”。故B项正确。 6． A．challenge B．experience C．appearance D．freedom 解析：选C。 根据该句中的“Dirty shorts and old shoes”并结合常识可知，脏衣服和破鞋子是常见的乞丐的外表。appearance “外表；外貌；外观”，故C项正确。 7． A．vote B．sympathy C．permission D．trust 解析：选D。 根据该句中的“his convincing dialect soon won him”可知，他令人信服的方言很快赢得了乞丐们的信任。trust “信任”。故D项正确。 8． A．invited B．forced C．helped D．expected 解析：选A。 根据该句中的“to drink alcohol”可知，他经常邀请乞丐们去喝酒。invite “邀请”，故A项正确。 9． A．drunk B．deserted C．bored D．lost 解析：选A。 根据该句中的“they began to talk a lot”并结合常识可知，一旦喝醉，他们就会说很多话。drunk “醉的；喝醉的”，故A项正确。 10．A．guide B．persuade C．excuse D．allow 解析：选C。 根据该句中的“use the toilet”并结合语境可知，他以上厕所为借口，记下了他们说的话。excuse “为……辩解(或找理由)”，故C项正确。 11．A．refer to B．note down C．ask about D．miss out 解析：选B。 该句是说明他记下了他们说的话。refer to “提到；参考；查阅”； note down “记下；写下”； ask about “询问”； miss out “遗漏；不包括……在内”，故B项正确。 12．A．plan B．agreement C．direction D．information 解析：选D。 根据该句中的“to my teammates”并结合常识可知，他将记下的信息发送给他的队友。information “信息”，故D项正确。 13．A．awkward B．dangerous C．unfortunate D．strange 解析：选B。根据前文内容可知，他伪装成乞丐，加入犯罪团伙中做卧底；再结合常识可知，他常处于危险的环境中。dangerous “有危险的”，故B项正确。 14．A．separate B．recover C．escape D．hear 解析：选C。 根据该句中的“As long as I get close enough, no criminal can”可知，只要他离罪犯足够近，他们就难以逃脱。escape from “逃脱”。故C项正确。 15．A．courage B．honesty C．kindness D．optimism 解析：选A。 根据上文内容可知，王警官为抓捕窃贼，伪装成乞丐做卧底。据此可知，他的勇气为他赢得了诸多荣誉。courage “勇气”，故A项正确。 Ⅳ.语法填空(每小题1.5分，共15分) Dreamers change the world.For the first time, TIME and American Family Insurance have named a Dreamer of the Year—a person who inspires, protects and restores dreams 1 closes equity gaps.No one dreams 2 (big) than Donnel Baird, CEO and founder of BlocPower.“I grew up in Brooklyn where we didn't have 3 working heating system, so on cold days in the winter, we would use our oven 4 (heat) up our apartment.We would open up the window to release the carbon monoxide and toxic chemicals so we wouldn't breathe 5 (they) in all night.So early on I was 6 (expose) to neglected energy systems and the kind of health and environmental impact that they could have.” Baird's early life has undeniably fueled his drive for innovation. “I started BlocPower eight years ago with the vision of bringing clean energy to the low­income communities 7 I'd grown up.” BlocPower equips buildings with solar panels, electric heat pumps, and other green tech to 8 (low) energy bills and reduce planet­warming emissions. And the results are definite.Since its founding in 2014, BlocPower 9 (work) with over 5，000 families to green their homes, 10 (save) them 20%～40% on their energy bills each year. [语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了Donnel Baird创立BlocPower，希望把清洁能源带给自己生活的低收入社区。BlocPower为建筑物配备太阳能电池板、电热泵和其他绿色技术，以降低能源费用，减少温室气体的排放。 1．解析：and。考查连词。空前的“激励、保护和恢复梦想”和“弥合公平差距”是并列承接关系，应用连词and。 2．解析：bigger。考查比较级。 根据比较级提示词than可知，此处应用比较级。故填bigger。 3．解析：a。考查冠词。 此处泛指“一个运行的供暖系统”，且working是以辅音音素开头的单词，应用不定冠词a。 4．解析：to heat。考查非谓语动词。 固定短语use sth to do sth 表示“用……做……”。故填to heat。 5．解析：them。考查代词。空处作宾语，指上文“the carbon monoxide and toxic chemicals”可知，此处应填宾格代词them。 6．解析：exposed。 考查固定短语。 固定短语be exposed to表“接触到”。故填exposed。 7．解析：where。 考查定语从句。 此处是限制性定语从句，修饰先行词communities，关系词在从句作地点状语，应用关系副词where引导定语从句。 8．解析：lower。 考查词形转换。 表“降低”应用动词lower，空前to是不定式符号，故填lower。 9．解析：has worked。 考查动词的时态和主谓一致。由时间状语Since its founding in 2014可知，应用现在完成时，主语为BlocPower，助动词用has。故填has worked。 10．解析：saving。 考查非谓语动词。 分析句子结构可知， BlocPower与save为逻辑上的主谓关系，应用现在分词作状语。故填saving。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $