unit 5 Section Ⅱ Learning About Language-【正禾一本通】2025-2026学年高二英语选择性必修1同步课堂高效讲义配套课件（人教版）

该高中英语课件聚焦主语从句语法知识，以“人与社会——科学研究之伟大成就”为主题语境，通过袁隆平院士引言导入，系统呈现定义、引导词、it作形式主语等核心内容，结合课文原句感知、即学即练及高考真题改编，搭建从理解到应用的学习支架。 其特色在于主题与语法深度融合，以袁隆平、杨华德等真实案例渗透文化意识，通过图解分类表、分层练习及语篇应用提升语言能力与思维品质。学生在学习中能夯实语法基础并增强科学精神认同，教师可借助此资料高效落实素养导向的语法教学。

My lifelong pursuit is to keep all the people away from hunger. —Yuan Longping 使所有的人免于饥饿是我毕生的追求。 ——袁隆平 WORKING THE LAND 主题语境：人与社会——科学研究之伟大成就 UNIT 5 更多模板请关注：https://haosc.taobao.com 1 课后分层练 14 Ⅰ.单句语法填空 Ⅱ.完成句子 Ⅰ.阅读理解 Ⅱ.阅读七选五 Ⅲ.语法填空 获取更多资源 请关注微信公众号“正禾一本通” 更多模板请关注：https://haosc.taobao.com 55 Learning About Language— Subject clauses Section Ⅱ 分析下列课文原句 1．What Yuan Longping really cared about was not money or celebrity. 2．That Yuan Longping had realised his dream of seawater rice surprised the whole world. 3．It surprised the whole world that Yuan Longping had realised his dream of developing seawater rice. 4．However, what concerned him most was that farmers often had poor harvests and sometimes even had a serious shortage of food to eat. 5．How this could be done was a challenging question at the time. 6．However, whether it was possible to develop a hybrid of self­pollinating plants such as rice was a matter of great debate. 7．What impressed people most about Yuan Longping was his ongoing ability to fulfil his dreams. 【我的感悟】 句中黑体部分在句中充当句子的 ；其中，在第4句中，it作 ，that引导的从句为 。 主语 形式主语 真正的主语 一、主语从句的定义 如果一个从句在句子中充当主语，那么这个从句就是主语从句。主语从句通常放在主句的谓语动词之前，有时也由形式主语it代替，而从句本身放在句子末尾。 ① That you are coming to London is the best news I have heard this long time. 你将要来伦敦是这么长时间以来我听到的最好的消息。 ② Whether they would support us was still a problem. 他们是否会支持我们还是一个问题。 ③What impressed me most was that they had all suffered a lot. 让我印象最深刻的是他们都受过很多苦。 ④It worried the mother that her son was always playing computer games. 儿子一直在玩电脑游戏，这让这位母亲很担心。 二、主语从句的引导词 类别 例词 说明 连接词 that，whether 两者在从句中均不作成分，只起连接作用；that无实义，whether表示“是否” 连接 代词 who，what，which，whoever，whatever，whichever等 在从句中作主语、宾语、表语、定语等成分 连接 副词 when，where， how，why等 在从句中作时间、地点、方式、原因状语等成分 ①What you have said will have a lasting effect on my future career. 你所说的话会对我未来的事业产生深远的影响。 ②Whether social media cause anxiety has become a concern of parents. 社交媒体是否会导致焦虑已经成为父母所担心的事。 ③When the delayed flight will take off depends much on the weather. 延迟的航班什么时候起飞主要取决于天气状况。 ④Why the man hadn't reported the accident sooner was never clear. 为什么那个人没早一点报告那起事故一直不清楚。 ⑤ Who will win the first is difficult to guess, because the two players are neck and neck. 谁会赢得比赛很难猜测， 因为两位选手平分秋色。 How ————即学即练1———— 单句语法填空 ① makes the Qatar World Cup unique is the kind of technology China is providing. ②For example, breaks the traffic rules should be punished. ③ he was admitted to Peking University made us all happy. ④ he solved the problem is a mystery to me. What whoever That 三、it作形式主语 当句子主语过长时，为保持句子平衡，避免头重脚轻，常把主语从句后置，而用形式主语it代替。it作形式主语时常用于以下句型： 句型 说明 It＋系动词＋形容词＋主语从句 常用于此句型的形容词有important，unlikely，likely，possible，necessary，natural，wrong等 It＋系动词＋名词词组＋主语从句 常用于此句型的名词词组有a fact，an idea，an honour，a wonder，no wonder，a pity等 句型 说明 It＋系动词be＋过去分词＋主语从句 常用于此句型的过去分词有known，proved，said，decided，suggested，thought等 It＋不及物动词＋主语从句 常用于此句型的动词有appear，happen，seem，occur，matter, depend等 ①It is very important that a student (should) learn English well. 学生学好英语很重要。 ②It is no wonder that your students have made such great progress. 难怪你的学生进步这么大。 ③For example，it can be proved that China has more people than any other country in the world. 举例来说，中国人口比世界上其他任何国家的人口都多，这是可以得到证实的。 ④It depends on the weather whether they are going shopping today. 他们今天是否去购物取决于天气情况。 What is known is that ————即学即练2———— 单句语法填空/一句多译 ①It is obvious holding this activity is very meaningful to us. ②However, if others benefit from the process, and I get some reward too, does it really matter my motivation lies? ③众所周知， 我们可以从打乒乓球中得到很多益处。 → we can benefit a lot from playing table tennis.(it作形式主语) → we can benefit a lot from playing table tennis.(主语从句) that where It is known that 四、主语从句中应注意的问题 1．从句的语序：在任何情况下，主语从句都用陈述句语序。 Whichever of you gets here first will get the prize. 你们中谁第一个到达这里谁就获奖。 2．主谓一致 (1)从句作主语时，主句的谓语一般用单数形式；但what和who引导主语从句时，有时主句谓语的数应与主句中作表语的名词保持一致。 ①(2022·全国甲卷)First of all, what we can do is to place importance on our daily actions. 首先，我们能做的是重视我们的日常行动。 ②What they need are books.他们需要的是书。 (2)如果由and连接两个或两个以上的主语从句作主语时，谓语动词用复数；由两个或多个连接词引导一个主语从句时，谓语动词用单数。 ①When they will start and where they will go have not been decided yet. 他们什么时候动身以及要去哪里还没定下来。 ②How and why he came to this city is a story of struggle and success. 他如何来到这座城市以及为何而来是一个充满奋斗和成功的故事。 3．whether引导的主语从句，如果用了形式主语it，引导词whether可以换成if。如果whether从句在句首或后面有or not时，不能用if替换。 Whether they will sell the house remains to be seen. ＝It remains to be seen whether/if they will sell the house. 他们是否会卖掉这所房子还有待观察。 4．引导词that在主语从句中不充当句子成分，也没有含义，不可以省略；what在主语从句中可作主语、宾语、表语或者定语，有具体的含义。 ①That she was at the entrance to the cinema then was a big surprise to me. 她当时出现在电影院入口处让我大吃一惊。 ②What caused the accident was a man lying on the ground. 引起这起事故的是一个躺在地上的男人。 ————即学即练3———— 单句语法填空 ① we understand things has a lot to do with what we feel. ②(2022·全国乙卷改编) It is calculated European railways alone spend approximately 20 billion euros a year on maintenance, including sending maintenance staff, often at night, to inspect and repair the rail infrastructure. ③When and where the English Corner will be held (have) not been decided. How that has 用适当的词填空 An Ageless Question: When Is Someone “Old”？ What does “old” really mean these days? This isn't a meaningless question—not only does the definition of “old” have an outsized impact on 1. good we feel about ourselves (not to mention 2. others view us), it also matters to policymakers determining 3. they will do to plan for aging populations. how how what The United Nations historically has defined older persons as people 60 years or over (sometimes 65).It didn't matter 4. you lived in the United States, China or Senegal, even 5. life expectancy is quite different in each of those countries.Everyone became old at 60. Researchers Sergei Scherbov and Warren Sanderson, who study aging, are suggesting “prospective age”， which looks to the future.Everyone with the same prospective age has the same expected remaining years of life. whether if/though that Scherbov explained 6. young and old are relative concepts, and their common reference point is life expectancy.It sounds reasonable 7. “old” would vary between nations, especially between more­ and less­developed countries, with differences in education, death rates, access to health care and life expectancy. But 8. is “old” also varies widely between individuals.The point, says Scherbov, is 9. personal age is dependent on our “characteristics”—understanding abilities, disability, health history and even education levels.Those with more education tend not to smoke, exercise more frequently, have better diets and have regular checkups, therefore, live longer, meaning 10. the beginning of their old age comes later, says Scherbov. that that who that 体会句中加波浪线部分的从句类型以及引导词在从句中的语法功能。 1．(2024·新高考Ⅰ卷)What worked on a veterinarian seemed likely to work on his patients.(what引导主语从句，在从句中作主语) 2．(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷改编) It is our hope that in coming decades, advances in science will offer new perspectives (视角) from which to study how people manage their lives．(that引导主语从句，在从句中不作成分) 3．(2022·全国Ⅱ卷改编) What people forget is that the Italians, when they came to Australia, brought 2 000 years of their culture, the Greeks some 3 000 years, and the Chinese more still.(what引导主语从句，在从句中作forget的宾语) 4．(2020·江苏卷)It is not a problem whether we can win the battle; it's just a matter of time.(whether引导主语从句，在从句中whether 不作成分) Whether That Ⅰ.单句语法填空(每小题1分，共10分) 1． has helped to save the drowning girl is worthy of being praised. 2．It is strongly recommended I set more practical and specific goals. 3．It is acknowledged students should be evaluated in terms of overall quality. 4． she comes or not makes no difference. 5． I finished doing the homework in such a short time surprised them all. Whoever that that When It 6．Just like some Europeans celebrate Spring Festival nowadays, it's no wonder Chinese celebrate Christmas. 7． will be the champion of the ninth season of the “Voice of China” has not been decided. 8． developing countries really need to do is to stop poverty by removing the causes of it. 9． he will come back from Canada isn't known, so I will call him up to check the exact time. 10． is a great pity that we couldn't attend the concert last night due to the heavy rain. that Who What Ⅱ.完成句子(每小题2分，共20分) 1．众所周知，哈尔滨是一个冰雪名城。 that Harbin is distinguished for the snow and ice culture. 2．我能被邀请来做关于英语学习的演讲，真的很荣幸。 It's an honor to give a speech on English study. 3．难怪越来越多的人关心这个问题。 more and more people are concerned about this issue. It is well­known to us that I could be invited It's no wonder that Whether you can succeed or not 4．最让我激动的是，我被一所著名的大学录取了。 that I was admitted into a famous university. 5．我从没到这项技术会应用到教育。 this technology is applied to education. 6．如何实现这一目标成为当时一个颇具挑战性的问题。 was a challenging question at the time. 7．你能否成功取决于你努力的程度。 depends on how hard you work. What excited me most was It never occurs to me that How to achieve this goal 8．我们在哪儿开会都无所谓。 where we should have the meeting. 9．如果你想减肥， 你首先要做的是找出你发胖的原因。 If you want to lose weight, is to find out why you are overweight. 10．中国一直是设计师的灵感来源，这不算什么秘密。 China has always been a source of inspiration for designers. It makes no difference what you should do first It's no secret that Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分，共10分) (2025·黑龙江哈尔滨高二上期末)Science fiction stories have imagined future people living in underground cities or in space stations far from the sun.But if humans are ever to survive in those tough environments, they will need ways to grow food using limited resources—and photosynthesis (光合作用) might be nowhere near satisfactory.Now, some scientists are wondering if it's possible to produce food more efficiently by skipping it and growing plants in the dark. A team of researchers has taken a first step toward realizing it.The research shows it is possible to grow algae, edible yeast (食用酵母), and mushroom­producing fungi in the dark by supplying them with a carbon­based chemical not originating from plants but instead manufactured using solar electricity.This method replaced biological photosynthesis with a partly artificial process for turning sunlight into food.Their process is a version of artificial photosynthesis, a term around for years including various approaches to transforming sunlight, water, and CO2 into liquid fuels and other chemicals. The researchers say their work represents the first time an artificial photosynthesis system has been paired with an attempt to grow common food­producing organisms.The scientists are hopeful that this method could unlock new ways to produce food using less physical space and energy than traditional agriculture, including crops growing in the dark. While other experts are skeptical that it will ever be possible to redesign plant biology so thoroughly, they are excited by the technology the researchers have invented and the team's out­of­the­box idea about how to make food production more efficient. It is worth keeping an open mind about how to redesign a fundamental biological process like photosynthesis applied in space or on Earth.The payoff may be something we haven't imagined yet. [语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文，文章主要讲的是如何借助光合作用在黑暗中种植粮食作物。 1．Why do scientists consider growing food in the dark according to Paragraph 1? A．To control the growth conditions in the dark effortlessly. B．To cultivate food with limited resources in harsh conditions. C．To prove to the public that traditional agriculture is ineffective. D．To test the assumption in contemporary science­fiction literature. 解析：选B。细节理解题。根据文章第一段可知科学家们考虑在黑暗中生产食物的目的是在恶劣的条件下利用有限的资源种植食物。故选B。 √ 2．Which of the following best describes “artificial photosynthesis”？ A．It is a newly innovated technical term in recent days. B．It is a remarkable breakthrough in space exploration. C．It possibly makes for ways of novel food production. D．It makes use of sunlight, water, and CO2 inefficiently. 解析：选C。细节理解题。根据文章第三段可知科学家们希望，这种方法可以开辟新的种植作物的途径，由此可知人工光合作用可能会创造出新的食物生产方式。故选C。 √ 3．What does the underlined part “out­of­the­box” mean in Paragraph 4? A．Absolutely ridiculous. B．Instantly functional. C．Extremely mysterious. D．Incredibly innovative. √ 解析：选D。词句猜测题。根据文章第四段画线部分之前“they are excited by the technology the researchers have invented and the team's”以及之后“idea about how to make food production more efficient”可知其他专家对研究人员发明的技术以及该团队提高粮食生产效率的想法感到兴奋，说明这个想法是很新的，很有想象力的，因此画线部分与D项“Incredibly innovative (极具创新性)”意思相近。故选D。 4．Which of the following is a suitable title for the text? A．Growing Food Crops in the Dark B．Creating Artificial Photosynthesis C．Producing Fungi in Mushrooms D．Turning Sunlight into Food √ 解析：选A。主旨大意题。文章第一段提出话题——在黑暗中种植植物来更有效地生产食物，文章二、三段集中对这种新型方法进行解释说明并指出其意义，第四段指出一些专家的不同态度，最后一段对全文进行概括，指出对于如何在太空或地球上重新设计像光合作用这样的基本生物过程我们应保持开放的心态。纵观全文，文章都是在围绕着在黑暗中种植粮食作物的话题来展开，所以A 项“Growing Food Crops in the Dark”作为文章标题最合适。故选A。 Ⅱ.阅读七选五(每小题2.5分，共12.5分) New academicians take a group photo after the certificate awarding ceremony at the Chinese Academy of Sciences.1( ) They aimed to make greater contributions to the development of the nation's scientific research by encouraging the young generation and promoting the role of female scientists. Academician Huang made three commitments to himself—to contribute his energy to scientific research; to apply his achievements in the fields; and to provide more opportunities for young people.“2( ) By allowing outstanding young people to have sufficient opportunities, we can foster a diverse scientific community with vigorous debates，” he said. Academician Jian Zhimin advised young students that persistence is the most valuable spirit on the path of scientific research.“3( ) This determination and perseverance are essential in scientific research，” he said. Out of the 59 newly elected academicians this year, five of them are female scientists.Academician Jin Kuijuan mentioned that women have unique perspectives, and respecting the role of women is of crucial significance.4( ) 5( ) For example, she said funding institutions such as the National Natural Science Foundation and the Excellent Young Scholars Fund have relaxed their age restrictions, taking into consideration the time and energy women need for childbirth and childcare. A．They are more resilient (有适应力的), which contributes to the development of science. B．In recent years, Jin has noticed the increasing support for female scientists in China. C．As academicians, we need to share more opportunities with the younger generation. D．She has both male and female students, who are irreplaceable to each other. E．The 59 newly elected academicians vowed at the ceremony on Friday. F．I hope the honor I received can inspire more females to develop an interest in physics. G．To achieve success in the field of science, the most important thing is to persist with original intention. [语篇解读]本文是一篇新闻报道。文章报道中国科学院新当选院士以及他们的科研精神和对于科研事业的承诺。 1．解析：选E。上文“New academicians take a group photo after the certificate awarding ceremony at the Chinese Academy of Sciences.”描述新晋院士参加颁证仪式的场景，结合常识可知，E项与上文内容相符，说明颁证仪式的时间和相关宣誓程序，下文说明宣誓相关内容，上下文语意连贯。故选E。 2．解析：选C。根据下文“By allowing outstanding young people to have sufficient opportunities, we can foster a diverse scientific community with vigorous debates”可知，黄院士强调要给年轻人机会，C项与黄院士观点一致，句中“As academicians, we...”是黄院士的自称。故选C。 3．解析：选G。上文“persistence is the most valuable spirit on the path of scientific research”和下文“This determination and perseverance are essential in scientific research”强调“坚持”“决心”和“毅力”，G项表达同样的主旨，句中“persist with original intention”与上下文内容相照应。故选G。 4．解析：选A。上文“Academician Jin Kuijuan mentioned that women have unique perspectives, and respecting the role of women is of crucial significance.”提出女性科学家的重要性，A项承接上文，说明女性科学家的优势，句中指示代词“They”指代上文中“women”。故选A。 5．解析：选B。下文提出相关机构在政策上对女性科学家的支持，是对B项的举例说明，上下文语意连贯。故选B。 Ⅲ.语法填空(每小题1.5分，共15分) (2025·河北承德高二上检测)When Yang Huade first arrived in Burundi, he 1 (strike) by the severe food shortages in the country.“At that time, the residents here often have just one or two meals a day, mainly 2 (consist) of cassava (木薯) and corn，” said Yang, who had spent the majority of his career as 3 agricultural technician in southwest China's Sichuan Province. At the age of 51, Yang led a team to the East African country.Over the past eight years, Burundi's rice yield 4 (increase) dramatically, rising from an average of three tonnes per hectare to ten. “Weak infrastructure (基础设施) 5 outdated agricultural techniques made it hard for Burundi to achieve self­sufficiency in agricultural products，” said Yang.To solve the problem, the expert team cooperated with local departments 6 (establish) a hybrid rice demonstration production investment fund.Beyond financial support, the expert team placed 7 (emphasize) on providing technical training to farmers, 8 received training in each planting phase (阶段).“Through multiple planting cycles, farmers can 9 (steady) enhance their rice planting skills，” said Yang. His work has not only provided 10 (effect) solutions to food shortage but has also laid the foundation for long­term agricultural growth in Burundi. [语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲的是51岁的杨华德带领一支中国农业专家团队前往东非国家布隆迪。他的工作不仅为粮食短缺提供了有效的解决方案，而且为布隆迪的长期农业发展奠定了基础。 1．解析：was struck。考查动词时态和语态。分析句子成分可知，空处应填谓语动词，由When Yang Huade first arrived in Burundi可知动作发生在过去，且he与strike之间为被动关系，应用一般过去时的被动语态， be struck by“被……所震惊”，be动词使用was。故填was struck。 2．解析：consisting。考查非谓语动词。分析句子成分可知，空处应填非谓语动词，two meals与consist of之间为主动关系，应用现在分词作后置定语。故填consisting。 3．解析：an。考查冠词。此处指杨华德是一名农业技术人员，形容词agricultural为元音音素开头，应用不定冠词 an。故填an。 4．解析：has increased。考查动词时态和主谓一致。分析句子成分可知，空处应填谓语动词，由时间状语Over the past eight years可知此处应用现在完成时，且主语为Burundi's rice yield，助动词使用has。故填has increased。 5．解析：and。考查连词。Weak infrastructure (基础设施)与outdated agricultural techniques为并列主语，应用并列连词and。故填and。 6．解析：to establish。考查非谓语动词。空处在句中作目的状语，应填不定式形式。故填to establish。 7．解析：emphasis。考查名词。place emphasis on“重视”，固定搭配。故填emphasis。 8．解析：who。考查定语从句。此处是非限制性定语从句，先行词为farmers，从句缺少主语，应用关系代词who。故填who。 9．解析：steadily。考查副词。此处应填副词形式steadily“稳步地”，修饰动词 enhance，意为“稳步提升”。故填steadily。 10．解析：effective。考查形容词。此处表示“有效的解决措施”，应用形容词形式effective，作定语，修饰名词solutions。故填effective。 $