考前押题01 阅读理解 6大常考话题（期末复习专项训练）高二英语上学期译林版

专题01 阅读理解6大常考话题 话题1饮食健康（常考点）（人与自我） 话题4 体育（常考点）（人与社会） 话题2 艺术(音乐,美术和诗歌)（人与社会） 话题5 医疗健康（常考点）（人与自我） 话题3 大众媒体（人与社会） 话题6 科学技术（常考点）（人与社会） 31 / 33 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 话题1 饮食健康（人与自我） Passage 1 The 4 Best Restaurants in Manchester London gets a lot of credit as England’s best city for food, but Manchester comes in a close second. The northern city has an expansive food scene with many different global cuisines packed into its many neighborhoods. Here are 4 of Manchester’s best restaurants.Hawksmoor If you like a good steak, immediately book a table at Hawksmoor. Hawksmoor is also known for its massive Sunday roast, available from lunchtime on Sundays, and it’s the sort of spot where you can go for a burger at the bar. Ask your server about the Shaky Pete’s Ginger Brew, a cocktail that is representative at Hawksmoor.Yuzu Yuzu is your best choice for good Japanese food in the city. It’s a Japanese tapas bar, which means Yuzu serves everything from sashimi to tempura to gyoza in a way that allows the guest to try it all. It’s open for lunch and dinner, and reservations (预订) are recommended.Hispi Head to South Manchester to discover Hispi, a casual restaurant serving some of the most delicious dishes in the city. The menu is familiar, with selections like smoked lamb and miso-glazed squash. There’s a special Sunday lunch menu serving two or three courses, and families are welcome thanks to a beautiful kids menu. Hispi is part of a popular group of restaurants, including Burnt Truffle and Sticky Walnut. Book in advance, if possible.Mana Mana has been Manchester’s first Michelin-starred restaurant since 1977, which is by reservation only. Everything is presented as a set menu with an optional wine pairing, but you get to make a few choices along the way. Go for the shorter lunch menu if you want to get the experience on a budget. 1．What is special about Yuzu? A．It is available from breakfast time. B．It offers Japanese food. C．It serves most delicious dishes. D．It gives away a wine pairing. 2．Why is Hispi a suitable place for families to eat in? A．Because of its good location. B．Because of its casual atmosphere. C．Because of its Sunday lunch menu. D．Because of its children’s menu. 3．Which of the following is a Michelin-starred restaurant? A．Hawksmoor. B．Yuzu. C．Hispi. D．Mana. Passage 2 When you shop in a supermarket, there are so many foods to choose from. You can buy fresh produce, dairy, proteins, wholesome grains, and just about everything to cook nutritious and healthy foods for your family. But people who suffer from food insecurity usually do not get to make their own choices. But now a food bank in Regina, Canada, Saskatchewan is opening a food hub that looks and feels like a grocery store, And its clients get to choose their own food. The food bank in Regina doesn’t receive government funding for operating costs and depends on donations. But the organization still took it upon itself to build and open a food hub that will give its clients autonomy (自主权) over what they want to feed their families. That’s because clients don’t always use what they receive from the standard boxed food distributions. Food bank client Jon White said, “Normally I exchange with my neighbors and we swap back and forth, so it kind of works out that way. But a lot of people don’t do that. So there’s a lot of stuff that just goes to waste.” While White is a bachelor and likes to cook easy meals like pasta, a family with children have other needs like fresh produce, dairy, and meat. That’s why the food hub will be stocked like any other grocery store. While the food hub will look like a usual grocery store, there is one big disparity, according to Curly Tales — a folk media group — you won’t have to pay. While other Canadian food banks have piloted the choice model in a smaller scale with limited hours, the new food hub will be open five days a week and has the feel of a regular supermarket. Registered food bank clients will be able to shop every two weeks by appointment. They will receive around $200 worth of food per person, reported CBC． 4．What is a big feature of the food bank? A．Being open to anyone. B．Having the most items. C．Allowing clients to pick food. D．Being extremely large in size. 5．Why are Jon White’s words mentioned? A．To prove food waste is unavoidable. B．To explain the need for government funding. C．To show such a food bank is reasonable. D．To discourage people from using food banks. 6．What does the underlined word “disparity” in Paragraph 5 mean? A．Difference. B．Drawback. C．Controversy. D．Reduction. 7．What does the food bank allow clients to do? A．Enter it anytime they want. B．Get some food once a week. C．Get food without registration. D．Enter it according to appointments. Passage 3 Researchers from Virginia Tech found that ultra-processed (超加工的)meats and drinks are the worst for brain health. People who ate or drank one more serving of these foods each day had a much higher risk of developing thinking problems, including dementia (痴呆) like Alzheimer’s disease. The team used data from the University of Michigan Health and Retirement Study. They tracked 4,750 US residents aged 55 or older for up to 7 years. From 2014 to 2020, they checked the participants’ thinking abilities every two years. They tested things like remembering information right away or later, counting backward, and doing simple math problems. In total, 1,363 participants had thinking problems. Those who ate at least one extra serving of ultra-processed meats daily had a 17% higher risk of these issues. Sugar-sweetened drinks — like sodas, iced teas, and sweet fruit drinks — were a bit less harmful: one extra serving a day raised the risk by 6%. Interestingly, eating other ultra-processed foods (such as spreads, sweets, snacks, or ready meals) or total ultra-processed food didn’t increase this risk. In 2020, about 65% of foods and 38% of drinks bought by US households were ultra-processed. These foods have lots of industrial processing and additives (添加剂) like artificial colors or flavors — things you don’t find in home-cooked meals. What’s more, both young people and older adults get over half their daily calories from these ultra-processed foods. While the junk-food data (数据) may seem shocking, at least there’s a clear and achievable strategy to deal with it. The study gives a simple way to protect brain health: change your diet to avoid these meats and drinks. Brenda Davy, a study co-author, said, “You can make changes. It’s about eating in moderation and making balanced choices.” The researchers also suggested cooking classes could help — knowing what to eat and how to make it helps people choose better foods. Ben Katz, another scientist, added, “Following a diet is one thing, but having cooking skills to make it is another.” 8．What does Paragraph 2 mainly talk about? A．The results of the 7-year research. B．The method of the 7-year research. C．The data source the research team used. D．The effect of ultra-processed foods on brain health. 9．What do the 2020 data imply in paragraph 4? A．They prove the failure of healthy eating movement. B．They show the economic benefits of ultra-processed foods. C．They prove artificial additives are the main cause of health risks. D．They show the seriousness of the problem and necessity of the study. 10．What does the underlined words “eating in moderation” in Paragraph 5 mean? A．Eating too much. B．Eating quickly. C．Eating in proper amount. D．Eating slowly. 11．What is the author’s purpose in writing the text? A．To inform. B．To inspire. C．To compare. D．To prove. Passage 4 In recent years, prefabricated dishes have grown rapidly popular in China. These are pre-cooked, seasoned, and packaged meals that require little to no preparation, offering a quick and convenient dining option without sacrificing major taste or nutrition. As people grow increasingly busier, time for cooking has become a rare resource. Prefabricated dishes address this pressing need by offering a significant reduction in meal preparation time. Other factors also contribute to their popularity — such as the convenience of e-commerce and delivery services that allow easy online ordering and quick home delivery, and the role of modern technology like vacuum and adjusted atmosphere packaging slows food spoilage. Along with precise temperature control and bacteria-killing techniques that ensure safety and quality, it is ultimately the fundamental demand for time-saving solutions in a nonstop world that serves as the primary driving force for their widespread acceptance. However, the rise of prefabricated dishes is not without concerns. Health issues remain a primary consideration, as some products contain additives and preservatives, which could pose risks if consumed excessively. Additionally, when compared to traditional freshly prepared meals, they often fall short in keeping the original flavor and nutritional value. In response, governments have carried out stricter safety standards and enhanced quality control measures. Meanwhile, certain manufacturers are actively exploring the use of natural ingredients and reducing additives to improve nutritional composition. As a growing trend in China’s food industry, prefabricated dishes provide undeniable convenience, yet consumers are advised to remain cautious about their dietary choices. The future of the industry relies on balanced development — where convenience, safety, and health can coexist. 12．What is the main reason behind the popularity of prefabricated dishes according to the text? A．The social trend of pursuing a modern lifestyle. B．The government’s strong promotion and supports. C．The superior flavor they offer compared to home-cooked meals. D．The time-saving convenience they provide in a fast-paced society. 13．The underlined word “spoilage” in Paragraph 2 most probably means the process of ______. A．losing nutritional value B．changing original flavor C．becoming bad or unfit to eat D．being delivered to customers 14．Which of the following best describes the current situation of prefabricated dishes according to the text? A．They are gradually replacing traditional cooking in most households. B．They are achieving widespread acceptance and also arousing doubts. C．They are considered as equally nutritious as freshly prepared meals. D．They have mostly addressed food safety issues through regulations. 15．What is the author’s attitude toward the industry’s future? A．Favorable. B．Objective. C．Critical. D．Indifferent. 话题2 艺术(音乐,美术和诗歌)（人与社会） Passage 1 Four Online Art Classes International Center of Photography Cost: $20 per month or $220 per year Class length: 3 to 5 hours Registration: Open year-round Standout feature: International Center of Photography is popular for photography classes that are suitable for people at different skill levels and these classes are taught by experienced teachers. The Ceramic (陶瓷) School Cost: $30 per month or $300 per year Class length: 1 to 2 hours Registration: Open year-round Standout feature: The Ceramic School offers many classes and live online events at a reasonable price and is only centered on ceramics. Craftsy Cost: $10 per month or $90 per year Class length: 1 to 2 hours Registration: By semester (学期) Standout feature: Craftsy stands out for offering many courses such as sewing, embroidery and knitting (缝纫、刺绣和编织) that are suitable for all levels, from beginners to more experienced learners. Skillshare Cost: $15 per month or $150 per year Class length: 1 to 3 hours Registration: Open year-round Standout feature: Providing classes for people at all skill levels at an affordable price, Skillshare is our top pick for online painting lessons. 1．How much should you pay if you register for a six-month photography course? A．$60. B．$85. C．$100. D．$120. 2．In what way do the Ceramic School and Craftsy have in common? A．Their classes are both for beginners. B．Their classes cost the same. C．Their classes last for the same time. D．Their classes are both open year-round. 3．Which of the following classes is suitable for painting lovers? A．Skillshare. B．Craftsy. C．The Ceramic School. D．International Center of Photography. Passage 2 In the past five years or so, classical music’s popularity has grown among young people,with listeners both streaming and at in-person concerts appealing much more to the younger generations. A ClassicFM article published in 2020 showed that while, a decade ago, less than 10% of classical listeners were under 30, in 2020 that percentage had grown to a third of overall listeners. A more recent article from ClassicFM published in 2025 showed that 65% of people under 35 were now regular listeners of classical music. A handful of critics attribute (归因) the new-found passion in classical music to the pandemic, where the rise of social media subcultures drew in the masses as people were stuck in their houses. This has resulted in a re-popularization of cultured pursuits among young people, such as listening to classical music, attending the ballet, reading more frequently, and visiting art museums. Whether this return to classical roots is directly due to any of these factors, as opposed to a general cultural shift, is hard to say. Regardless, many attribute this classical music trend in part to the rise of TikTok and other social media, as they have made it easier to access information about classical music, interact directly with young classical musicians. Social media has not only increased classical music’s popularity as a whole among young people, but it has also significantly aided in promoting younger classical musicians in the industry. Anna Lapwood, a British organist, has over 2 million followers across social media platforms, and has worked with the BBC Proms to relaunch #ClassicalMusic on TikTok, as a way to break down barriers to entry for classical music and make it more accessible to young people. So, why does this comeback of classical music even matter? Why should we listen to classical music at all? Again, I am by no means here to argue that classical music is in any way a superior art form, or that it should be pushed upon young people as being so. However, it lies at the heart of much of our modern music’s development. 4．Why are the ClassicFM articles mentioned? A．To illustrate the impact of streaming media. B．To demonstrate the re-popularization of classical music. C．To display the purchasing power of the young. D．To prove the success of classical music concerts. 5．Which is most widely believed to have contributed to the change concerning classical music? A．The accessibility of online information. B．The change of taste of the public. C．The limitations of the pandemic. D．The publicizing campaigns by TikTok. 6．What can be inferred about Anna Lapwood? A．She promotes other young classical musicians. B．She remained little known prior to the trend. C．She has a large following across age groups. D．She has built up popularity through social media. 7．What might be talked about in the following paragraph? A．The significance of classical music. B．The fans of classical music. C．The future of modern music. D．The development of modern music. Passage 3 WIND ON THE HILL No one can tell me, Nobody knows, Where the wind comes from, Where the wind goes. It’s flying from somewhere As fast as it can, I couldn’t keep up with it, Not if I ran. But if I stopped holding The string of my kite, It would blow with the wind For a day and a night. And then when I found it, Wherever it blew, I should know that the wind Had been going there too. So then I could tell them Where the wind goes ... But where the wind comes from Nobody knows. A．A．MilneDREAM Hold fast to dreams, For if dreams die Life is a broken-winged bird That cannot fly. Hold fast to dreams, For when dreams go Life is a barren field Frozen with snow. Langston HughesA MATCH If love were what the rose is, And I were the leaf, Our lives would grow together In sad or singing weather, Brown fields or flowerful closes, Green pleasure or grey grief; If love were what the rose is, And I were like the leaf. A．C． Swinburne 8．What of the following is the best to show the characteristic of WIND ON THE HILL? A．Similes. B．Metaphors. C．Literary devices. D．Descriptive and vivid language. 9．When you are faced with difficulties, which poem can motivate you most? A．NIGHT. B．DREAM. C．A MATCH. D．WIND ON THE HILL. 10．What is the poem A MATCH about? A．The love between lovers. B．The love between friends. C．The love between colleagues. D．The love between parents and children. 11．Which of the following isn’t the rhyming words of A MATCH? A．Leaf. B．Closes. C．Rose. D．Weather. Passage 4 As one of the most famous landscape photographers of all time, Ansel Adams has inspired generations of photography lovers. This includes Nick Micheels, who transformed his love for Adams’ work into an incredible idea for a LEGO set. Micheels spent one month designing the 1,100-piece set, which he then posted to the LEGO Ideas website. Called “The Landscape photographer”, Micheels’ idea was selected as a Staff Pick and is nearing the 10,000 votes. Like many of us, Micheels enjoyed playing with LEGOs during childhood, but felt he’d grown out of the hobby. However, during the pandemic(流行病), he rediscovered his passion and started designing LEGO sets, which he posts on LEGO Ideas under the name Lobster Thermidor. Micheels himself is a photographer and has admired Adams’ work since he was a child. So, it only seemed natural to translate his love for the American photographer’s works into a LEGO set. This set includes Adams’ famous large 8×10 camera, which can be placed on top of a LEGO touring car-just as Adams did to get the best view for his photos. It also has LEGO versions of yellow monkeyflowers and a ponderosa pine tree, creating the nature Adams loved. The choice of leaves is no accident either. Micheels selected plants native to the photographer’s beloved Yosemite National Park. For Micheels, the most challenging part of creating the LEGO set was creating Adams’ camera on a small scale (尺寸). In a similar fashion, Micheels went through several designs before arriving at the final version. He explained,“I really wanted to get as many details right as I could. I even made a second lens so you can change lenses if necessary.” With over 8,500 votes on LEGO Ideas, “The Landscape photographer” is on track to hit 10,000supporters. Once that happens, the official LEGO team will take a look at the design in order to determine if it’s suitable for production. For Micheels, it would be a dream to see his design on the shelves and to have the chance to build it with his kids. 12．What inspired Micheels to create the LEGO set “The Landscape photographer”? A．The rediscovery of his enthusiasm for designing. B．His childhood memories of playing with LEGOs. C．His desire to win votes on the LEGO Ideas website. D．The admiration for Ansel Adams’ landscape photography. 13．What is paragraph 4 mainly about? A．Micheels’ efforts to present the scene Adams valued. B．The impact of the local environment on Micheels’ design. C．Adams’ philosophy behind photography in his lifetime. D．The unique features of Adams’ photography style. 14．What does the addition of a second lens to the LEGO camera primarily reflect? A．A move to show off his skills. B．A way to handle a complicated design. C．A commitment to achieving perfection. D．A solution to the technical limitations. 15．What can be inferred about the future of “The Landscape photographer” LEGO set? A．It might generate significant profits through mass sales. B．It may become an official product with enough backing. C．It could help Micheels to pursue a LEGO design career. D．It is likely to become a best- seller in the LEGO collection. 话题3 大众媒体（人与社会） Passage 1 In the past few decades, the way people access information has undergone a dramatic transformation, shifting from traditional media to digital platforms. Traditional media, which includes newspapers, television, and radio, has long been the basis of public communication. These forms of media are characterized by their one-way communication model, where information is delivered to a passive audience without immediate interaction. In contrast, digital media — including social media, blogs, and online news websites — operates on a dynamic, interactive framework that allows users to engage, comment, and share content in real time. Despite their differences, both traditional and digital media share the fundamental goal of spreading information to the public. Each serves as a tool for education, entertainment, and monitoring of the environment. Moreover, both forms are influenced by economic factors—relying on advertising income and audience engagement — and must stick to ethical standards, although the carrying out of these standards varies significantly between the two. However, the differences between these media forms are obvious. Traditional media typically offers slower, more selected content produced by professionals, often ensuring higher accuracy but lacking immediacy. Digital media, on the other hand, provides instant updates and a variety of perspectives at the cost of occasional unreliability. One critical distinction lies in accessibility: traditional media is often limited by geographic and temporal restrictions, while digital media is globally accessible anytime, promoting a more interconnected world. Additionally, digital platforms allow users to become content creators themselves, making them difficult to see the line between producers and consumers. Looking ahead, the future undoubtedly belongs to digital media. With the rapid advancement of technology and increasing internet penetration (渗透) worldwide, digital platforms are becoming the primary source of information for younger generations. Although traditional media will not disappear entirely, its role will likely reduce to that of a supplementary source, valued for its depth and credibility. As artificial intelligence and big data continue to evolve, digital media will further personalize user experiences and dominate the landscape of communication. Ultimately, this shift indicates not just a change in how we consume information, but a transformation in how we connect with the world around us. 1．What is a key characteristic of digital media according to the passage? A．It allows real-time interaction and engagement. B．It relies only on professional content producers. C．It is limited by geographic and temporal restrictions. D．It delivers information through a one-way communication model. 2．What is the main purpose of the second paragraph? A．To predict the future development of digital media. B．To discuss the economic models of both media types. C．To emphasize the differences between the two media forms. D．To highlight the shared goals and characteristics of both media. 3．What can be inferred about traditional media from the passage? A．It will completely disappear within the next decade. B．It will maintain its dominant position in information dissemination. C．It may continue to exist but in a more specialized role. D．It will merge completely with digital media and lose its identity. 4．Which of the following would be the most suitable title for the passage? A．The Economic Challenges of Traditional Media. B．The Media Revolution: From Traditional to Digital. C．The Disadvantages of Digital Platforms. D．How to Become a Content Creator. Passage 2 Feeling bad after a favorite show ends is common, and it even has an informal name: post-series depression (PSD). Rita Kottasz, a marketing professor at Kingston University, describes PSD as “a feeling of emptiness and upset when something you love finishes”. This experience can be found in TV shows, books, or video games, creating a desire for more. The idea of PSD gained popularity on social media and fan blogs in the mid-2010s, especially during the Golden Age of TV. Kottasz prefers not to use the name PSD, instead calling it “consumer saudade”, a Portuguese word meaning nostalgic (怀旧的) longing. However, a journal editor told her to use PSD because its widely used outside of research. Kottasz and her co-workers published a research dividing the types of PSD based on interviews with fans who felt sad after their favorite things ended. Common emotions included frustration, disappointment, sadness, and emptiness. Some fans even felt that life was less complete or that they had lost “best friends”. While PSD is often connected to TV shows, Kottasz is exploring its connection to other media, such as the sudden break of K-pop band BTS (防弹少年团) and novels like Harry Potter. Younger people are more influenced than older ones, partially because companies like Netflix are always giving viewers new movies and shows. What might surprise many people is that binge-watching does not seem to cause PSD．Instead, long-term watching may be a factor. Kottasz thinks watching a show over several seasons or reading novels across many years strengthens a person’s relationship to the characters (人物). In her 2019 paper, she said a Harry Potter fan who started reading the series at age 9 and was "sadly left behind’ after the final book and film published years later. But it isn’t quite as simple as saying the end of a show or novel controls our emotion. Brian Kong, a Chicago-based psychologist, is worried that PSD might not imply (暗示) a cause and effect relationship between low moods and a program’s end. Instead, he says that when viewers experiencing lasting bad feelings, watching TV might be acting as an anesthetic (麻醉剂) for a deeper mental problem, like how some people with anxiety drink alcohol. In other words, the low mood already existed, and watching the series only masked it. 5．Which of the following is a common response among fans experiencing PSD? A．A fresh sense of purpose for life. B．A deep satisfaction after the show. C．A great sense of loss of best friends. D．A strong desire for a new hobby. 6．What does the underlined word “binge-watching” in Paragraph 5 mean? A．Reviewing every detail of a TV show day and night. B．Watching many episodes (集) of a TV show at one time. C．Following the episodes of a TV show for a long time. D．Reading a book series while watching the TV adaptation (改編版). 7．What doe Brian Kong imply in the last paragraph? A．PSD covers up a deeper mental problem. B．Viewers with bad feelings like drinking alcohol. C．Watching TV is the main cause of low moods. D．Watching TV series can make mental problems worse. 8．What might the following paragraphs focus on? A．The solutions to post-series depression. B．The marketing (营销) strategies of TV shows. C．The difference between PSD and nostalgia. D．The influence of social media on fan emotions. Passage 3 For a long time, people had to listen to the radio to get news, dramas and music at home. This all changed with the development of the television in the early 20th century. For most of TV’s history, we have fitted our weekday evenings around broadcasts of EastEnders, Emmerdale and Coronation Street. However, that seems no longer to be so. Today, we have the power to watch whatever we want to through streaming services, whenever we want to and wherever we want to. The services have given us access to more content than ever before, including back catalogues of classic shows and movies. It’s not just the streaming services that are taking away audiences from traditional TV channels. Social media sites also bring competition to traditional TV since they allow the uploading of video content, meaning users can watch more and shorter clips (片段) at their convenience. In the UK, adults are spending more time watching content on streaming services than ever before. In 2018, the figure was around 26 minutes per day. This has been the trend for the past decade and it doesn’t look like it will change any time soon. While the demand for streaming services is growing, the main UK channels continue to be the most watched overall. For example, in 2018 UK adults continued to watch Channel One for an average of 41 minutes per day, more than any streaming service. While traditional TV networks have seen a decline, the television set itself doesn’t look like it’s going anywhere any time soon. Most major TV channels have their own streaming services, which significantly increase their viewing figures. Additionally, the UK channels have begun making content that’s only available through its iPlayer service. Channel Three allows its viewers to watch original content at their convenience without having to wait for the show to air on TV first. So, while around 50% of all households now subscribe to at least one streaming service, there is no way of knowing where television is going. 9．What is the second paragraph mainly about? A．The advantages of streaming services. B．The popularity of traditional TV channels. C．The competition among streaming services. D．The effects of the Internet on people’s lives. 10．What does the underlined word “This” in Paragraph 4 refer to? A．Analyzing official figures. B．The changing viewing habit. C．Preferring to watch short videos. D．The great demand for UK channels. 11．What do major TV channels do to attract more audiences? A．Enrich their content. B．Put on older TV shows. C．Provide streaming services. D．Seek help from video makers. 12．What is the best title for the text? A．Goodbye, Traditional TV Networks B．How Were Traditional TV Networks Formed? C．People’s Ways of Entertainment Change with the Times D．Will Traditional TV Be Replaced by Streaming Services? Passage 4 Beijing gathering shows the power of fandoms 粉丝二创，让流行文化生机勃勃 Around 70 years ago, British writer J.R.R. Tolkien created the enchanting (迷人的) realm of Middle-earth (中土世界) in The Lord of the Rings (《指环王》) , a world that has been attracting fans across the globe ever since. Recently, more than 200 fans of Middle-earth gathered in Beijing to celebrate The Lord of the Rings and Tolkien’s other works. Some dressed as characters from Middle-earth, while others showcased Tolkien-themed artwork and shared insights on the Elvish languages invented by Tolkien — Quenya and Sindarin. AndreaW (not her real name) participated as one of the admirers. However, the 26-year-old from Guangdong doesn’t feel comfortable referring to herself as a “fan”. “Nowadays, the term ‘fan’ carries some negative connotations (含义) on social media, and I feel that being identified as a fan might lead to specific obligations, such as contributing digital labor to boost popularity or controlling commentary,” she said. “But the truth is, many admirers, including myself, focus more on our creative works rather than highly organized groups.” It might be more appropriate to instead call AndreaW a “media fan”. Unlike those that follow stars and rising idols, media fans prefer staying on top of various media franchises, including books, games, comics, films, or TV shows. Li Sixue, a 32-year-old from Jilin province, is one such fan of Tolkien’s works. Calling herself an “academic fan” (“学术粉”), Li aspires to (有志于) document the development of media fan groups in China and get rid of the stigma (污名) and misunderstandings surrounding them. “I want to get more people to know that most fans are wonderful young people,” she explained. Li also finds a trait among media fans —  a strong wish for creation and a do-it-yourself attitude. Creators usually share their works through fan fiction, fan art, cosplays, and different fan-centric activities. These fans use online platforms to share their creations and show appreciation for others’ works. However, for fans who prefer to observe rather than create, participation in events like screening sessions, reading parties, and conventions (集会) allows them to engage with the wider fan community. Passion projects and works by fans Community contributions As a fan of British writer J.R.R. Tolkien, AndreaW organized a special online fan event one month ago, inviting admirers of Tolkien’s books to create fan literary and art pieces in his memory. One after another, they posted their works online once every 15 to 30 minutes, building up a sequence from Aug 27 to Sept 2. About 250 people participated in the activity, creating more than 300 fan works, including fiction, poems, illustrations (插画), and mashup videos (混剪视频). Fandom to career Writing fan fiction is a common starting point for being a fan. The 19-year-old Mia Mao (not her real name) from Shenzhen penned (撰写) her first X-Men fan fiction at the age of 13. Two years ago, she began crafting fan fiction related to Middle-earth, which, in turn, led her to delve into medieval (中世纪的) European history.  She is now working on a full-length novel derived from Tolkien’s series, which will comprise 30 chapters. Bringing characters alive While other fan creators express themselves through writing and art, cosplayers dress up as their favorite fictional characters to bring them to life. Yunqi (not her real name), 30, from Guangdong, has created six different looks from Tolkien’s books. She once combined Middle-earth characters with hanfu to bring something new to the original works.  Homura Yan (not her real name), 26, from Beijing, has become a craftswoman through cosplaying.  She made the clothing and weapon of Sauron, a Dark Lord in The Lord of the Rings, all on her own. 13．Which best describes the fans who gathered to celebrate The Lord of the Rings? A．Blind. B．Critical. C．Cultured. D．Diverse. 14．Why does AndreaW feel uncomfortable when being called a “fan”? A．She finds fan activities boring. B．She dislikes fan-related duties. C．She doesn’t want to be judged. D．She considers herself unqualified. 15．What does Li Sixue aim to do? A．Create more creative works based on Tolkien’s books. B．Further her academic research on fandom culture. C．Change popular misconceptions about fan groups. D．Organize more fan conventions in China. 16．What does the last paragraph mainly talk about? A．How fans interact with others. B．How fans share their creations. C．How fans find their communities. D．How fans influence each other. 话题4 体育（人与社会） Passage 1 Do you want to work out to stay healthy? The following are some home workouts you can try. HIIT Workout Interval training (HIIT) uses high-intensity exercises combined with short rest periods to maximize calorie burn and cardiorespiratory (心肺的) fitness. There are two HIT circuits (循环训练) for different people. For beginners: start with 30 seconds of workout, followed by 30 seconds of rest. For the advanced: do 45 seconds of workout and 15 seconds of rest. Yoga Yoga combines breathing techniques, meditation (冥想) and different poses designed to encourage relaxation and reduce stress. Practicing yoga comes with many benefits for both mental and physical health. It helps to reduce anxiety and improve sleep quality. Find a beginner workout and practice regularly, step by step. CrossFit When we think of CrossFit, probably the gym comes to our mind along with a lot of tools. At home and without these tools, CrossFit is a little more challenging, but not impossible. This is a good core workout: Complete 5 rounds of: ·Ten sit-ups ·Five push-ups ·45-second plank ·Ten push-ups ·60-second plank ·Fifteen sit-ups Please rest 60 seconds between rounds. Pilates Pilates is a whole-body fitness, adaptable to many fitness levels and needs, develops core strength, increases flexibility, improves posture and increases energy level. Unlike some types of exercises, Pilates won’t over-develop some parts of the body and ignore others. It focuses on core strength while training the body as an inseparable one. 1．Which workout should you try if you’re under pressure? A．HIIT Workout. B．Yoga. C．CrossFit. D．Pilates. 2．What’s special about Pilates? A．It aims to train your body as a whole. B．It requires you to do sit-ups and push-ups. C．It may over-develop some parts of your body. D．It has two circuits for beginners and the advanced. 3．What’s the writing purpose of this passage? A．To teach people to lose weight. B．To ask people to go to the gym. C．To introduce some home exercise. D．To compare different home workouts. Passage 2 In the 1986 America’s Cup sailing race, a tough competition unfolded between the United States team and the Australian team. The Australian team had won the race multiple times before. Determined to take back the trophy(奖杯), the US team gathered plentiful capital and top sailors. They even designed a high-speed sailboat, making their goal of winning clear. When the race started, the US team took the lead right away. By the time they were just four nautical miles (海里) from the finish line, they were already three nautical miles ahead of the Australian team. It seemed victory was within their grasp. However, the wind direction at sea suddenly changed at this critical moment. The US team was now faced with a tough choice: should they adjust (调整) the sail angle? You see, there are two types of wind at sea — gusts and cyclones. If it was a gust, adjusting the sail would be the right move. But if it was a cyclone, any adjustment would be useless, as cyclones change direction constantly. Relying on his years of experience, the US team’s old captain decided it was a gust and ordered the crew to adjust the sail. Sadly, his judgment was wrong. It turned out to be a gust-like cyclone. The US sailboat spun (转动) around in place, wasting valuable time. Meanwhile, the Australian team chose not to adjust their sail and quickly caught up. In the end, the Australian team overtook the US team when they were just one nautical mile from the finish line and won the championship. After the race, most media blamed the old captain for the US loss. But a game theory expert had a different view. He said that in an uncertain situation, the US team shouldn’t have tried to judge the wind direction accurately. Instead, they should have watched the Australian team’s actions. If the Australians didn’t adjust their sail, the US team shouldn’t have either. That way, they could have kept their lead. 4．Why might the US team take the lead at the start? A．They had good funds, sailors and a good boat. B．They practiced sailing every single day. C．Australian team made a slow start. D．The wind helped the US team a lot. 5．What can we know about the Australian team? A．They wanted the US to win. B．They did not trust their captain. C．They made no sail adjustment. D．They knew the wind would change again. 6．What advice did the expert give? A．Better later than never. B．Copy the competitor’s move. C．It is never too old to learn and create. D．Trust the captain. 7．What would be the most suitable title for the text? A．The Unpredictable Sea Winds B．A Race Lost at the Last Mile C．America’s Cup Sailing Race D．The Role of Experience in Sailing Passage 3 Does the popular activity benchmark (基准) of walking 10,000 steps a day feel too distant? New research finds you can gain health benefits just by moving a little more than usual. Aiming for 7,000 steps daily is a good goal when possible, said lead study author Dr. Melody Ding, public health professor at the University of Sydney. Compared with adults who took 2,000 steps (the minimal count), those with 7,000 steps had a 47% lower risk of all-cause death, 25% less risk of cardiovascular (心血管)disease and 38% less risk of mental illnesses. Many fitness tracker users see 10,000 steps as a daily activity standard, but this number lacks solid evidence, noted Dr. Sean Heffron from NYU, who was not involved in the research. A 2019 study found aiming for 10,000 steps likely originated from a Japanese pedometer marketing campaign by Yamasa Clock and Instrument Company, called “Manpo-kei” (“10,000 steps meter”). “More than 7,000 steps isn’t harmful and may even bring extra benefits, though.” Ding said, “Active people doing 10,000+ steps don’t need to cut back to 7,000!” Dr. Gulati from Cedars-Sinai Medical Center said step counts help estimate overall exercise levels. “The less you move, the fewer exerkines — special chemicals released during muscle contractions that not only benefit blood vessel health, but also improve insulin (胰岛素)sensitivity — and the higher your health risks,” he explained. 8．What can we learn from Dr. Melody Ding’s research? A．10,000 steps a day is the best daily activity benchmark. B．7,000 daily steps cuts all-cause death risk by 47% vs 2,000 steps. C．Moving less than 2,000 steps a day has no health risks at all. D．People with 10,000+ steps daily should cut back to 7,000 steps. 9．Why is the 10,000-step standard questioned? A．It came from marketing with no solid supporting evidence. B．Most adults can hardly achieve the 10,000-step goal daily. C．It has been proved harmful to people’s cardiovascular health. D．It totally ignores the health benefits of fewer daily steps. 10．What is the function of exerkines according to Dr. Gulati? A．They help track daily step counts in an accurate way. B．They reduce people’s need for regular daily exercise. C．They benefit blood vessel health and insulin sensitivity. D．They raise mental illness risk when released by muscles. 11．What is the main idea of the passage? A．It talks about the history of the 10,000-step activity standard. B．Research shows 7,000 daily steps bring health benefits to people. C．It tells how to choose a suitable fitness tracker for step counting. D．It introduces doctors’ views on the harm of being physically inactive. Passage 4 Teaching middle schoolers bike riding skills as part of physical education classes may help improve their mental health, according to a new study that looked at the effects of a 6-to-8-week cycling class taught in schools across the U.S. The mental health benefits of exercise are well-documented. And anyone who’s lived through middle school knows those years can be particularly challenging. The new study comes at a time when research shows that youths across the U.S. are struggling with mental health. “They’re starting to experience all sorts of social pressures, anxiety, stress from school, stress from home,” says Sean Wilson, the study’s senior author. The study included over 1,200 students, aged 11 to 14, from middle schools across the U.S. They took part in a cycling class at least three times a week for at least 6 weeks. They learned cycling safety and riding skills outdoors while raising their heart rate and just having fun. The students completed standardized screening questionnaires (调查问卷) before and after the program designed to measure their well-being. Dr. Allan Reiss from Stanford University School of Medicine says that while many types of exercise are good for the brain, cycling has some special advantages. “Cycling uses many different parts of the brain as you need to see, hear, and stay balanced,” Reiss explains. “You also have to pay attention to where you’re going and make turns.” Of course, while exercise has powerful mental health benefits, it’s not a panacea (灵丹妙药). The current study found that, while middle school girls reported increased well-being after joining the cycling program, that increase “may just reach the usual level for boys,” says Esther Walker, the senior research program manager. And other parts of healthy living are also important, notes Walker. The study found that teenagers who spent more than two hours a day on screens, or who got less than the recommended 8.5 hours of sleep, saw less improvement in their well-being, she says. 12．What is the main reason for the new study? A．The mental problems of American youths. B．The competition between American schools. C．The idea that exercise helps mental health. D．Previous research that caused disagreement. 13．How did the researchers come to their conclusion? A．By teaching cycling skills. B．By attending a cycling class. C．By comparing questionnaires. D．By checking the subjects’ heart rates. 14．According to Dr. Allan Reiss, what makes cycling better than other physical activities? A．It improves social skills. B．It activates many brain functions. C．It is common and easy to learn. D．It is more effective at reducing stress. 15．What can we infer from Esther Walker’s words? A．Exercise is more important for girls. B．Schools should focus on cycling in PE classes. C．Girls should choose other exercises other than cycling. D．Good living habits are also important for well-being. 话题5 医疗健康（人与社会） Passage 1 CAUSTON HEALTH CENTRE PATIENT INFORMATION LEAFLET Appointments Please telephone 826969 (8:30 am-5:00 pm: Mon-Fri). We suggest that you try to see the same doctor whenever possible because it is helpful for both you and your doctor to know each other well. We try hard to keep our appointments running to time, and ask you to be punctual to help us achieve this; if you cannot keep an appointment, please phone in and let us know as soon as possible so that it can be used for someone else. Please try to avoid evening appointments if possible. Each appointment is for one person only. Please ask for a longer appointment if you need more time. Centre Nurses Liz Stuart, Martina Scott, Megan Fox and Helen Stranger are available daily by appointment to help you with dressings, ear syringing, children’s immunizations, removal of stitches and blood tests. They will also advise on foreign travel and can administer various injections and blood pressure checks. For any over 75s unable to attend the clinic, Helen Stranger will make a home visit. All four Centre nurses are available during normal working hours to carry out health checks on patients who have been on doctors’ lists for 3 years. New Patients Within 3 months of registering with the Centre, new patients on regular medication are invited to attend a health check with their doctor. Other patients can arrange to be seen by one of the Centre nurses. Receptionists Our receptionists provide your primary point of contact—they are all very experienced and have a lot of basic information at their fingertips. They will be able to answer many of your initial queries and also act as a link with the rest of the team. They may request brief details of your symptoms or illness—this enables the doctors to assess the degree of urgency. 1．What are patients recommended to do when making an appointment? A．Make evening appointments to avoid crowds. B．Compare different doctors to find the best one. C．Email as soon as possible to cancel an appointment. D．See the doctor according to the appointed time. 2．Who should an 80-year-old call if he needs a home visit? A．Liz Stuart. B．Martina Scott. C．Helen Stranger. D．Megan Fox. 3．What can the receptionists do? A．Make doctors’ work more efficient. B．Administer blood pressure checks. C．Answer various medical questions. D．Help with child immunization. Passage 2 Soil as an Antidepressant: Fact or Fiction? Many gardening claims spread online, but one has become particularly popular: “Soil is an antidepressant.” According to this idea, supported through countless social media posts, Mycobacterium vaccae — a microbe (微生物) naturally found in soil — can actually boost your mood. All you apparently have to do to experience this benefit is get your hands in contact with earth. The bacteria are said to be absorbed through your skin or breathed in from the air, and they will quickly get to work transforming your brain chemistry for the better. But is all this a bit too good to be true? Although the claim may initially seem a little outlandish, there have actually been a range of studies investigating the effect of this microbe on a variety of conditions, from eczema to cancer. In fact, Mycobacterium vaccae was first extracted in soil samples from Uganda by scientists in order to find a harmless close cousin of the deadly Mycobacterium tuberculosis that could be used as a form of immunotherapy (免疫疗法). Scientists became more interested in its possible effects on depression when lung cancer patients receiving the bacteria reported feeling better overall. Several careful studies appeared to confirm these mood-improving effects, leading to widespread sharing of this information online. However, there’s an important limitation: all the studies specifically testing the depression theory were done on mice, not humans. In these experiments, researchers either injected (注射) the bacteria into the mice’s blood or added it to their food. This matters because results from animal studies often don’t work the same way in humans. For example, one analysis of 76 animal studies found that only 37% produced similar results when tried with people. Additionally, all the mice in these studies were males of the same special breed. The bacteria weren’t breathed in or absorbed through the skin — they were given in pure form directly into the body. As someone interested in how nature affects mental health, I’m excited to see what future research reveals. However, despite the confident claims online, we can only say that “soil is an antidepressant” if you’re a specific type of male mouse that has been injected with pure bacteria from soil — and since you’re reading this, I assume you’re not. 4．What does the underlined word “outlandish” most probably mean in paragraph 2? A．Popular and widely accepted. B．Strange and difficult to believe. C．Scientific and well-researched. D．Boring and complex to understand. 5．What was the original purpose of extracting Mycobacterium vaccae? A．To find a cure for depression B．To treat lung cancer patients. C．To develop a brand new gardening product. D．To create immunotherapy from a harmless bacterium. 6．What is the key limitation of the studies mentioned? A．They only involved human participants. B．They were conducted only on specific mice. C．They didn’t use purified forms of bacteria. D．They focused only on skin absorption. 7．What is the author’s attitude toward the “soil is an antidepressant” claim? A．Cautious. B．Disapproving. C．Supportive. D．Uninterested. Passage 3 In the mid-19th century, a simple operation could often be a death sentence. Even if a patient survived the surgeon’s knife, they frequently fell victim to deadly infections (感染) afterwards. Hospitals were filled with the smell of decay (腐烂), and surgeons saw infection as an unavoidable part of surgery. Joseph Lister, a British surgeon, was deeply troubled by the high death rates from post-surgical infections. He refused to accept that they were inevitable. While studying wound inflammation, he learned about the work of Louis Pasteur, who proposed that germs (tiny, invisible organisms) caused decay and disease. This was a revolutionary idea at the time. Lister made a brilliant connection. He reasoned that if germs in the air were causing wounds to decay, then the solution was to kill these germs before they could enter the wound. He began experimenting with carbolic acid, a chemical used to treat waste water. He developed a system where he would spray a fine mist of carbolic acid in the air around the operating area, clean surgical tools with it, and soak wound dressings in it. The results were dramatic. The death rate from infection following his surgeries plummeted. Despite his success, Lister faced significant resistance from the medical community. Many senior surgeons believed that Lister was accusing them of being dirty. They were unwilling to change their old ways. However, Lister persisted, patiently publishing his findings and demonstrating his methods. Gradually, as other surgeons adopted his antiseptic techniques, the evidence became undeniable. Surgery was transformed. Lister’s principles of killing germs to prevent infection laid the foundation for modern antiseptic surgery. His work, built on Pasteur’s germ theory, saved countless lives and forever changed the course of medicine, turning surgery from a dreaded last resort into a safe, life-saving practice. 8．What was the common belief about infections in surgery before Lister’s time? A．They were caused by dirty surgical tools. B．They were an unavoidable part of surgery. C．They could be easily treated with chemicals. D．They only happened in unclean hospitals. 9．What was the key idea from Louis Pasteur that inspired Lister? A．The importance of washing hands. B．The use of carbolic acid for cleaning. C．The germ theory of disease. D．The method of spraying chemicals in the air. 10．The word “plummeted” in Paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to . A．increased slightly B．remained stable C．rose dramatically D．fell sharply 11．The most appropriate title for the passage would be . A．The Discovery of Germ Theory B．The Life Story of a Great Surgeon C．The Use of Carbolic Acid in Medicine D．The Man Who Conquered Surgical Infection Passage 4 During the days when her six-year-old son, Luca, was receiving treatment for leukemia — a type of cancer — Meagan Brazil-Sheehan and her son encountered Robin in the hallway of UMass Memorial Children’s Medical Center. “Luca, how are you?” Robin greeted in a childlike voice. “It’s been a while.” Although they had met only once before, Luca’s face lit up when Robin remembered him — a moment his mother described as “so special”. Robin is an AI-powered robot designed to offer emotional support in children’s hospitals and nursing homes. Standing four feet tall with a screen displaying cartoon-like features, it is programmed to behave like a young girl. Developed by Expper Technologies, Robin now operates in 30 healthcare facilities across the United States, helping address staffing shortages. Karen Khachikyan, the company’s CEO, explained that overworked medical staff often lack time to provide meaningful engagement, a gap Robin helps fill. While Robin is around 30% autonomous, a remote team of operators controls the rest of its functions under clinical supervision (监督). Each interaction — conducted in accordance with privacy laws — helps gather data that brings the robot closer to full autonomy. Khachikyan described Robin as an emotionally intelligent companion similar to WALL-E. At HealthBridge Children’s Hospital in California, Robin plays a teenager’s favorite song, wears funny glasses to make a child laugh, or plays simple games. According to staff, patients respond joyfully when Robin recalls their names and preferences. The robot mirrors emotions — laughing when a patient laughs or showing understanding during the patients’ difficult moments. In nursing homes, Robin assists dementia patients with memory games and breathing exercises, offering companionship similar to that of a grandchild with a grandparent. Robin’s development began when Khachikyan, who experienced loneliness growing up, dreamed of a robot companion. After the robot was tested in different fields, an investor suggested hospitals for young patients — an “aha moment” that led to a successful first project at a children’s hospital in Armenia and later at UCLA． Looking ahead, Expper Technologies aims to expand Robin’s capabilities, such as measuring patients’ vitals and assisting the elderly with daily tasks like changing clothes. However, Khachikyan emphasized that Robin is meant to support healthcare workers rather than replace them. 12．What can be concluded about Luca? A．He dislikes Robin’s voice. B．He feels happy to hear Robin’s greeting. C．He forgets Robin completely. D．He fears Robin’s appearance. 13．What does Robin do at HealthBridge Children’s Hospital? A．It organizes medical training. B．It handles the hospital’s financial affairs. C．It treats children with leukemia. D．It provides emotional interactions. 14．What can we learn about Robin from the text? A．It targeted doctors in hospitals. B．It failed before being tested in Armenia. C．It came after a patient’s suggestion. D．It was inspired by Khachikyan’s childhood. 15．What is the best title for the text? A．AI Robot Robin Aids Healthcare B．Staff Shortages in Hospitals C．Luca Fights Against Leukemia D．Robin’s Design by Expper Technologies 话题6 科学技术（人与社会） Passage 1 Engage students with science with these exciting and entertaining experiments! Students will love exploring while also gaining invaluable experience by designing and conducting experiments. Sunscreen Experiment Kids often don’t enjoy being told they need sunscreen, so showing its power through demonstration can help them see its value. This science fair project uses simple white beads (珠子) that change color when exposed to UV rays (紫外线) so children can compare the effectiveness of different sunscreen products. Start this experiment by applying some of each sunscreen type on paper and placing both pieces of paper in direct sunlight for several hours. Sundial (日晷) Experiment Using a sundial to tell time is a fascinating science activity that helps students gain knowledge of shadows and the movement of sunlight across the sky. Through this hands-on experiment, students gain an opportunity to see how people in previous times knew time without clocks or watches. Start this experiment by asking students to identify an outdoor spot that receives sunlight all day, placing a flat board there, tracing the shadows onto it and noting where the shadows will fall at certain points of the day. Mineral Experiment Students learn to identify rocks and minerals through this simple experiment. They use a plate to test the hardness of various common minerals. They also observe how these minerals form crystals (晶体) and how they break apart differently from others. This lesson helps students understand the characteristics and uses of different minerals. Students can even form “companies” and compete to mine different types of rocks with specific features. 1．What is the main purpose of using beads in the sunscreen experiment? A．To compare the prices of sunscreen. B．To show the effectiveness of sunscreen. C．To analyze the impact of sunscreen on skin. D．To demonstrate chemical reactions in sunscreen. 2．How do students begin the sundial experiment? A．By building a sundial from beginning. B．By comparing different types of sundials. C．By measuring the length of their shadows. D．By identifying a sunny spot and using a flat board. 3．What does the mineral experiment allow students to do? A．Observe crystal formation. B．Learn geological history. C．Sell rocks they mine. D．Form companies. Passage 2 About a year ago, my partner and I got a little black and white cat. We called her Hashtag and a parental instinct (本能) in my body kicked in. If I don’t see Hashtag for a while, I worry that something terrible has happened to her. Thus, I bought a tiny tracker made by a company called Tile, which attaches to her collar. It meant that even if I can’t see her. I can pull out my phone and connect to Tile using Bluetooth. If the connection is made successfully, it means that she must be nearby. But there was still a problem: what if Hashtag were to get out of the house and run further away? Bluetooth range only extends to around ten meters, so any further and her location would be a mystery. This is why I was delighted when earlier this year Apple released the AirTag, its own Bluetooth tracker. AirTags work the same way as Tile. But Apple has added a twist: instead of just using your own iPhone to look for your own trackers, every iPhone in the world works together to find tracking tags (跟踪器). This means even if you personally aren’t in range of your AirTag, as long as there’s an iPhone nearby, you can see updates on where it is-and more importantly, where your cat, keys, or whatever you have attached to it are. As you can probably tell, I find this new technology strangely mind-blowing, Apple has created an entirely new, massive network of physical objects that covers pretty much the entire world. And, slightly scanty, it is only possible because there are a billion iPhones out there. Though Samsung has announced a similar tracking product that uses its phones, it won’t have the same reach as Apple’s network in the short term. In the not-too-distant future, it’ll be the case that everything we buy of certain value that we might lose will have an AirTag built in. Your headphones, your fancy camera, your suitcase, and so on. So, if Hashtag ever does escape, then at least I can invite the entire world to help look for her. 4．How does the author express her affection for Hashtag? A．By giving it a nickname. B．By detailing her caring acts. C．By telling a specific story. D．By using a comparison. 5．According to the author, in what way is the AirTag better than the tiny tracker by Tile? A．Every iPhone is uniquely connected to its AirTag. B．Apple provides better customer services than Tile. C．iPhones throughout the world can help track tags. D．An AirTag covers larger range than its opponents. 6．Which of the following statements is true? A．AirTag’s success is quite difficult to copy. B．Samsung has posed much challenge to Apple. C．It’s a long way before AirTag gains popularity. D．Overuse of AirTags makes a mess of our life. 7．What is probably the best title for the passage? A．Lost and found. B．Say no to trackers. C．No worries for pets. D．To track or to follow. Passage 3 A 14-year study of over 90, 000 adults presented at the European Society of Cardiology Congress has revealed that “catch-up sleep” on weekends can reduce heart disease risk by up to 20%. The research, led by cardiovascular (心血管的) scientists from China’s Fuwai Hospital, tracked participants through the UK Biobank and found that those who got the most compensate (补偿的) weekend sleep were 19% less likely to develop heart disease compared to those who maintained consistent but insufficient sleep schedules. The protective effect was most dramatic for the 20% of participants classified as sleep-deprived— those getting fewer than seven hours nightly during weekdays. A separate NHANES study of 3, 400 Americans confirmed these findings, showing that weekend catch-up sleep duration of more than 2 hours was strongly associated with reduced cardiovascular disease prevalence when weekday sleep fell below six hours. But here’s what makes this discovery revolutionary: it directly challenges decades of sleep medicine orthodoxy (正统观念). While experts have long emphasized maintaining regular sleep to maintain circadian rhythms (昼夜节律), this research suggests that for individuals suffering from long-term lack of sleep, sleeping in on weekends may be more protective than maintaining a regular but insufficient sleep pattern. The study found specific reductions in stroke (中风) and coronary heart disease among weekend sleepers. Dr. Jim Liu from Ohio State University’s Wexner Medical Center explains the mechanism: “Insufficient sleep can increase the risk of developing hypertension, obesity, arrhythmias, and coronary artery disease. On the other hand, making up for lost sleep can reduce such risks.” The American Heart Association now considers sleep one of the core components of heart health, ranking it alongside diet, exercise, and smoking cessation. With one in three American adults reporting insufficient daily sleep, this research suggests that weekend recovery sleep might serve as a crucial cardiac safety net for millions of people who are always tired. 8．Which group can benefit most from weekend catch-up sleep? A．People who sleep 8 hours every night. B．People who sleep less than 7 hours on weekdays. C．People who maintain a regular sleep schedule. D．People who often feel sleepy on weekdays. 9．What does the underlined word “prevalence” in Paragraph 4 mean? A．Occurrence. B．Treatment. C．Prevention. D．Cure. 10．What is Jim Liu’s attitude towards the research results? A．Favourable. B．Doubtful. C．Negative. D．Unconcerned. 11．What is the main idea of the text? A．Americans need to sleep more on weekends. B．Long-term lack of sleep causes many diseases. C．Sleep medicine experts should change their advice. D．Weekend catch-up sleep can reduce heart disease risk. Passage 4 Modern cars are no longer just transport machines — they are essentially smartphones on wheels. For drivers, this brings convenience: automatic braking, GPS, entertainment, and more. Yet carmakers gain something even more valuable — data. Today’s vehicles constantly record weight, speed, routes, and even contacts when phones are connected. This raises a crucial question: who owns and controls this data, and how is it used? The answer remains unclear. Most owners unknowingly give up rights through fine-print sentences in purchase contracts (合同). Like smartphones, cars collect user data, but few drivers realize it. With phones, we trade privacy for convenience consciously; with cars, that trade occurs without awareness. What follows is equally concerning. Carmakers claim data boost safety and performance, yet they can sell it to third parties like insurance companies. Driving behavior — speed, braking, seatbelt use — can all be monetized (获利). Unlike phones where you can turn off location data, there’s no option to quit for your car. Data also lets carmakers remind owners about repairs or maintenance. But this control gives them another edge — deciding who can access that information. For decades, drivers could choose any trusted mechanic. Now, data-driven cars may limit access to manufacturer (制造商) networks, putting independent repair shops, which are often cheaper and convenient, at a disadvantage. This reveals a new side of the privacy debate. We fear data being shared with strangers, but what about when it’s withheld from those we trust? Imagine a doctor unable to access your medical records without paying a fee. Similarly, carmakers could charge independent repair shops for vehicle data. That expense will lead to vehicle owners’ paying higher repair prices just so that technicians can obtain the data. The solution is simple. The idea that drivers don’t control their own data flies in the face of what consumers want, as nearly 90% of consumers expect. While digital technology makes driving safer and smarter, the enormous value of vehicle data gives manufacturers little reason to release control. Policymakers must act to protect drivers’ rights and maintain their freedom to choose who fixes their cars. 12．According to paragraph 2, why do most car owners lose control of their data? A．They fail to turn off the location data of cars. B．They rarely read the fine print in purchase contracts. C．They willingly exchange privacy for modern convenience. D．They are unaware that their vehicles collect user information. 13．How will car data control probably influence independent repair shops? A．They will no longer be trusted due to lack of data. B．They may have to pay additional cost to access data. C．They can win customers’ favor with lower repair prices. D．They need to provide medical records to prove reliability. 14．Which of the following best describes the author’s attitude toward car data collection? A．Critical. B．Cautious. C．Neutral. D．Approving. 15．What is the main purpose of the passage? A．To argue that carmakers should share repair data. B．To highlight privacy and control issues of car data. C．To explain modern car functions and driving experience. D．To demonstrate how carmakers profit from drivers’ data $专题01 阅读理解6大常考话题 话题1饮食健康（常考点）（人与自我） 话题4 体育（常考点）（人与社会） 话题2 艺术(音乐,美术和诗歌)（人与社会） 话题5 医疗健康（常考点）（人与自我） 话题3 大众媒体（人与社会） 话题6 科学技术（常考点）（人与社会） 50 / 52 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 话题1 饮食健康（人与自我） Passage 1 The 4 Best Restaurants in Manchester London gets a lot of credit as England’s best city for food, but Manchester comes in a close second. The northern city has an expansive food scene with many different global cuisines packed into its many neighborhoods. Here are 4 of Manchester’s best restaurants.Hawksmoor If you like a good steak, immediately book a table at Hawksmoor. Hawksmoor is also known for its massive Sunday roast, available from lunchtime on Sundays, and it’s the sort of spot where you can go for a burger at the bar. Ask your server about the Shaky Pete’s Ginger Brew, a cocktail that is representative at Hawksmoor.Yuzu Yuzu is your best choice for good Japanese food in the city. It’s a Japanese tapas bar, which means Yuzu serves everything from sashimi to tempura to gyoza in a way that allows the guest to try it all. It’s open for lunch and dinner, and reservations (预订) are recommended.Hispi Head to South Manchester to discover Hispi, a casual restaurant serving some of the most delicious dishes in the city. The menu is familiar, with selections like smoked lamb and miso-glazed squash. There’s a special Sunday lunch menu serving two or three courses, and families are welcome thanks to a beautiful kids menu. Hispi is part of a popular group of restaurants, including Burnt Truffle and Sticky Walnut. Book in advance, if possible.Mana Mana has been Manchester’s first Michelin-starred restaurant since 1977, which is by reservation only. Everything is presented as a set menu with an optional wine pairing, but you get to make a few choices along the way. Go for the shorter lunch menu if you want to get the experience on a budget. 1．What is special about Yuzu? A．It is available from breakfast time. B．It offers Japanese food. C．It serves most delicious dishes. D．It gives away a wine pairing. 2．Why is Hispi a suitable place for families to eat in? A．Because of its good location. B．Because of its casual atmosphere. C．Because of its Sunday lunch menu. D．Because of its children’s menu. 3．Which of the following is a Michelin-starred restaurant? A．Hawksmoor. B．Yuzu. C．Hispi. D．Mana. 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．D 【导语】本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍了曼彻斯特的四家最佳餐厅。 1．细节理解题。根据“Yuzu”下面的“Yuzu is your best choice for good Japanese food in the city.(Yuzu是你在这个城市品尝日本美食的最佳选择。)”可知，Yuzu提供日本美食。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据“Hispi”下面的“There’s a special Sunday lunch menu serving two or three courses, and families are welcome thanks to a beautiful kids menu.(有一份特殊的周日午餐菜单，提供两到三道菜，而且由于有一份极好的儿童菜单，这里欢迎家庭。)”可知，Hispi适合家庭用餐，因为这里有儿童菜单。故选D。 3．细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Mana has been Manchester’s first Michelin-starred restaurant since 1977, which is by reservation only.(自1977年以来，Mana一直是曼彻斯特第一家米其林星级餐厅，仅限预订。)”可知，Mana是一家米其林星级餐厅。故选D。 Passage 2 When you shop in a supermarket, there are so many foods to choose from. You can buy fresh produce, dairy, proteins, wholesome grains, and just about everything to cook nutritious and healthy foods for your family. But people who suffer from food insecurity usually do not get to make their own choices. But now a food bank in Regina, Canada, Saskatchewan is opening a food hub that looks and feels like a grocery store, And its clients get to choose their own food. The food bank in Regina doesn’t receive government funding for operating costs and depends on donations. But the organization still took it upon itself to build and open a food hub that will give its clients autonomy (自主权) over what they want to feed their families. That’s because clients don’t always use what they receive from the standard boxed food distributions. Food bank client Jon White said, “Normally I exchange with my neighbors and we swap back and forth, so it kind of works out that way. But a lot of people don’t do that. So there’s a lot of stuff that just goes to waste.” While White is a bachelor and likes to cook easy meals like pasta, a family with children have other needs like fresh produce, dairy, and meat. That’s why the food hub will be stocked like any other grocery store. While the food hub will look like a usual grocery store, there is one big disparity, according to Curly Tales — a folk media group — you won’t have to pay. While other Canadian food banks have piloted the choice model in a smaller scale with limited hours, the new food hub will be open five days a week and has the feel of a regular supermarket. Registered food bank clients will be able to shop every two weeks by appointment. They will receive around $200 worth of food per person, reported CBC． 4．What is a big feature of the food bank? A．Being open to anyone. B．Having the most items. C．Allowing clients to pick food. D．Being extremely large in size. 5．Why are Jon White’s words mentioned? A．To prove food waste is unavoidable. B．To explain the need for government funding. C．To show such a food bank is reasonable. D．To discourage people from using food banks. 6．What does the underlined word “disparity” in Paragraph 5 mean? A．Difference. B．Drawback. C．Controversy. D．Reduction. 7．What does the food bank allow clients to do? A．Enter it anytime they want. B．Get some food once a week. C．Get food without registration. D．Enter it according to appointments. 【答案】4．C 5．C 6．A 7．D 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。主要介绍加拿大里贾纳市一家食品银行开设超市式食品中心，让食物不安全人群自主选择食物的创新举措。 4．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“But now a food bank in Regina, Canada, Saskatchewan is opening a food hub that looks and feels like a grocery store. And its clients get to choose their own food.(但现在，加拿大萨斯喀彻温省里贾纳市的一家食品银行开设了一个食品中心，其外观和氛围都像一家杂货店，客户可以自己选择食物。)”可知，该食品银行的最大特色是允许客户自主挑选食物。故选C项。 5．推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Food bank client Jon White said, “Normally I exchange with my neighbors and we swap back and forth, so it kind of works out that way. But a lot of people don’t do that. So there’s a lot of stuff that just goes to waste.”(食品银行客户乔恩·怀特说：“通常我会和邻居交换食物，这样互相调剂还能应付。但很多人不会这么做，所以很多食物都被浪费了。”)”可知，乔恩·怀特的话反映了传统食品银行“盒装配给”模式导致食物浪费的问题，而新食品中心允许自主选择的模式恰好能解决这一问题，从而说明这种新型食品银行的合理性。故选C项。 6．词句猜测题。根据第五段中的“While the food hub will look like a usual grocery store, there is one big disparity, according to Curly Tales—a folk media group—you won’t have to pay.(据民间媒体集团Curly Tales报道，虽然这个食品中心看起来和普通杂货店一样，但有一个很大的disparity——你不需要付钱。)”可知，“看起来一样”与“无需付费”形成对比，因此“disparity”应意为“差异、不同”。故选A项。 7．细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Registered food bank clients will be able to shop every two weeks by appointment.(注册食品银行的客户可以每两周预约一次购物。)”可知，客户需按预约进入食品中心。故选D项。 Passage 3 Researchers from Virginia Tech found that ultra-processed (超加工的)meats and drinks are the worst for brain health. People who ate or drank one more serving of these foods each day had a much higher risk of developing thinking problems, including dementia (痴呆) like Alzheimer’s disease. The team used data from the University of Michigan Health and Retirement Study. They tracked 4,750 US residents aged 55 or older for up to 7 years. From 2014 to 2020, they checked the participants’ thinking abilities every two years. They tested things like remembering information right away or later, counting backward, and doing simple math problems. In total, 1,363 participants had thinking problems. Those who ate at least one extra serving of ultra-processed meats daily had a 17% higher risk of these issues. Sugar-sweetened drinks — like sodas, iced teas, and sweet fruit drinks — were a bit less harmful: one extra serving a day raised the risk by 6%. Interestingly, eating other ultra-processed foods (such as spreads, sweets, snacks, or ready meals) or total ultra-processed food didn’t increase this risk. In 2020, about 65% of foods and 38% of drinks bought by US households were ultra-processed. These foods have lots of industrial processing and additives (添加剂) like artificial colors or flavors — things you don’t find in home-cooked meals. What’s more, both young people and older adults get over half their daily calories from these ultra-processed foods. While the junk-food data (数据) may seem shocking, at least there’s a clear and achievable strategy to deal with it. The study gives a simple way to protect brain health: change your diet to avoid these meats and drinks. Brenda Davy, a study co-author, said, “You can make changes. It’s about eating in moderation and making balanced choices.” The researchers also suggested cooking classes could help — knowing what to eat and how to make it helps people choose better foods. Ben Katz, another scientist, added, “Following a diet is one thing, but having cooking skills to make it is another.” 8．What does Paragraph 2 mainly talk about? A．The results of the 7-year research. B．The method of the 7-year research. C．The data source the research team used. D．The effect of ultra-processed foods on brain health. 9．What do the 2020 data imply in paragraph 4? A．They prove the failure of healthy eating movement. B．They show the economic benefits of ultra-processed foods. C．They prove artificial additives are the main cause of health risks. D．They show the seriousness of the problem and necessity of the study. 10．What does the underlined words “eating in moderation” in Paragraph 5 mean? A．Eating too much. B．Eating quickly. C．Eating in proper amount. D．Eating slowly. 11．What is the author’s purpose in writing the text? A．To inform. B．To inspire. C．To compare. D．To prove. 【答案】8．B 9．D 10．C 11．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍弗吉尼亚理工大学研究发现超加工肉类和饮料危害大脑健康，及相关研究过程与应对建议。 8．主旨大意题。根据第二段中“The team used data from the University of Michigan Health and Retirement Study. They tracked 4,750 US residents aged 55 or older for up to 7 years. From 2014 to 2020, they checked the participants’ thinking abilities every two years. They tested things like remembering information right away or later, counting backward, and doing simple math problems.(该团队使用了密歇根大学健康与退休研究的数据。他们对4750名55岁及以上的美国居民进行了长达7年的追踪。2014年至2020年，他们每两年检查一次参与者的思维能力，测试内容包括即时或延迟记忆信息、倒着数数以及做简单的数学题。)”可知，该段详细说明了研究的数据来源、追踪对象、时长及测试方式，核心是介绍7年研究的实施方法。故选B项。 9．推理判断题。根据第四段中的“In 2020, about 65% of foods and 38% of drinks bought by US households were ultra-processed. These foods have lots of industrial processing and additives (添加剂) like artificial colors or flavors — things you don’t find in home-cooked meals. What’s more, both young people and older adults get over half their daily calories from these ultra-processed foods.(2020年，美国家庭购买的食品中约65%、饮料中约38%为超加工产品。这类食品经过大量工业加工，含有人工色素或香精等添加剂——这些成分在自制餐食中是不存在的。此外，年轻人和老年人每天超过一半的热量摄入都来自这些超加工食品。)”可知，数据显示超加工食品在美国家庭中的普及程度极高，反映出问题的严重性；结合前文研究发现其对大脑健康的危害，可推断该数据印证了开展此项研究的必要性。故选D项。 10．词句猜测题。根据第五段中的“The study gives a simple way to protect brain health: change your diet to avoid these meats and drinks. Brenda Davy, a study co-author, said, “You can make changes. It’s about eating in moderation and making balanced choices.”(这项研究提供了一种简单的大脑健康保护方法：调整饮食，避免这类肉类和饮料。研究合著者布伦达・戴维表示：“你可以做出改变。关键在于eating in moderation，做出均衡的选择。”)”可知，“eating in moderation”与“均衡选择”并列，均为保护大脑健康的饮食建议，结合前文“避免超加工肉类和饮料”的建议，可推测其意为“适量饮食”。故选C项。 11．推理判断题。通读全文，第一段介绍研究结论（超加工肉类和饮料危害大脑健康），第二段说明研究方法，第三段呈现具体研究结果，第四段补充超加工食品的普及数据，第五段给出饮食建议。全文围绕“超加工食品与大脑健康”的研究展开，核心是向读者传递相关研究信息、数据及实用建议。故选A项。 Passage 4 In recent years, prefabricated dishes have grown rapidly popular in China. These are pre-cooked, seasoned, and packaged meals that require little to no preparation, offering a quick and convenient dining option without sacrificing major taste or nutrition. As people grow increasingly busier, time for cooking has become a rare resource. Prefabricated dishes address this pressing need by offering a significant reduction in meal preparation time. Other factors also contribute to their popularity — such as the convenience of e-commerce and delivery services that allow easy online ordering and quick home delivery, and the role of modern technology like vacuum and adjusted atmosphere packaging slows food spoilage. Along with precise temperature control and bacteria-killing techniques that ensure safety and quality, it is ultimately the fundamental demand for time-saving solutions in a nonstop world that serves as the primary driving force for their widespread acceptance. However, the rise of prefabricated dishes is not without concerns. Health issues remain a primary consideration, as some products contain additives and preservatives, which could pose risks if consumed excessively. Additionally, when compared to traditional freshly prepared meals, they often fall short in keeping the original flavor and nutritional value. In response, governments have carried out stricter safety standards and enhanced quality control measures. Meanwhile, certain manufacturers are actively exploring the use of natural ingredients and reducing additives to improve nutritional composition. As a growing trend in China’s food industry, prefabricated dishes provide undeniable convenience, yet consumers are advised to remain cautious about their dietary choices. The future of the industry relies on balanced development — where convenience, safety, and health can coexist. 12．What is the main reason behind the popularity of prefabricated dishes according to the text? A．The social trend of pursuing a modern lifestyle. B．The government’s strong promotion and supports. C．The superior flavor they offer compared to home-cooked meals. D．The time-saving convenience they provide in a fast-paced society. 13．The underlined word “spoilage” in Paragraph 2 most probably means the process of ______. A．losing nutritional value B．changing original flavor C．becoming bad or unfit to eat D．being delivered to customers 14．Which of the following best describes the current situation of prefabricated dishes according to the text? A．They are gradually replacing traditional cooking in most households. B．They are achieving widespread acceptance and also arousing doubts. C．They are considered as equally nutritious as freshly prepared meals. D．They have mostly addressed food safety issues through regulations. 15．What is the author’s attitude toward the industry’s future? A．Favorable. B．Objective. C．Critical. D．Indifferent. 【答案】12．D 13．C 14．B 15．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了预制菜在中国迅速流行的原因、带来的问题以及目前的发展现状，并对其未来提出了期望。 12．细节理解题。根据第二段中“As people grow increasingly busier, time for cooking has become a rare resource. Prefabricated dishes address this pressing need by offering a significant reduction in meal preparation time. (随着人们越来越忙，烹饪时间成为一种稀缺资源。预制菜通过大幅减少备餐时间来解决这一迫切需求)”和“Along with precise temperature control and bacteria-killing techniques that ensure safety and quality, it is ultimately the fundamental demand for time-saving solutions in a nonstop world that serves as the primary driving force for their widespread acceptance. (除了精确的温度控制和杀菌技术能确保安全与质量外，最终而言，在这个不停运转的世界里，人们对省时解决方案的基本需求才是它们被广泛接受的主要驱动力)”可知，预制菜受欢迎的主要原因是它们在快节奏的社会中提供了节省时间的便利。故选D项。 13．词句猜测题。根据第二段中“the role of modern technology like vacuum and adjusted atmosphere packaging slows food spoilage (真空和气调包装等现代技术的作用减缓了食物的spoilage)”及“precise temperature control and bacteria-killing techniques that ensure safety and quality (精确的温度控制和杀菌技术能确保安全与质量)”可知，真空包装、气调包装与温控杀菌技术的核心作用是保障食品安全与品质，减缓食物变质。因此，spoilage指的是“食物变质、不宜食用的过程”。故选C项。 14．细节理解题。根据第一段中“In recent years, prefabricated dishes have grown rapidly popular in China. (近年来，预制菜在中国迅速流行起来)”和第三段中“However, the rise of prefabricated dishes is not without concerns. Health issues remain a primary consideration, as some products contain additives and preservatives, which could pose risks if consumed excessively. (然而，预制菜的兴起并非没有担忧。健康问题仍然是首要考虑因素，因为一些产品含有添加剂和防腐剂，过量食用可能会带来风险)”可知，预制菜获得了广泛接受，但也引起了一些担忧。故选B项。 15．推理判断题。根据最后一段“As a growing trend in China’s food industry, prefabricated dishes provide undeniable convenience, yet consumers are advised to remain cautious about their dietary choices. The future of the industry relies on balanced development — where convenience, safety, and health can coexist. (作为中国食品行业的一个日益增长的趋势，预制菜提供了不可否认的便利性，但建议消费者在饮食选择上保持谨慎。该行业的未来取决于均衡发展——让便利、安全与健康能够共存)”可知，作者既提到了预制菜的便利性，也指出了其存在的问题，并对其未来提出了期望。因此，作者对预制菜行业的未来持客观态度。故选B项。 话题2 艺术(音乐,美术和诗歌)（人与社会） Passage 1 Four Online Art Classes International Center of Photography Cost: $20 per month or $220 per year Class length: 3 to 5 hours Registration: Open year-round Standout feature: International Center of Photography is popular for photography classes that are suitable for people at different skill levels and these classes are taught by experienced teachers. The Ceramic (陶瓷) School Cost: $30 per month or $300 per year Class length: 1 to 2 hours Registration: Open year-round Standout feature: The Ceramic School offers many classes and live online events at a reasonable price and is only centered on ceramics. Craftsy Cost: $10 per month or $90 per year Class length: 1 to 2 hours Registration: By semester (学期) Standout feature: Craftsy stands out for offering many courses such as sewing, embroidery and knitting (缝纫、刺绣和编织) that are suitable for all levels, from beginners to more experienced learners. Skillshare Cost: $15 per month or $150 per year Class length: 1 to 3 hours Registration: Open year-round Standout feature: Providing classes for people at all skill levels at an affordable price, Skillshare is our top pick for online painting lessons. 1．How much should you pay if you register for a six-month photography course? A．$60. B．$85. C．$100. D．$120. 2．In what way do the Ceramic School and Craftsy have in common? A．Their classes are both for beginners. B．Their classes cost the same. C．Their classes last for the same time. D．Their classes are both open year-round. 3．Which of the following classes is suitable for painting lovers? A．Skillshare. B．Craftsy. C．The Ceramic School. D．International Center of Photography. 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．A 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了四门在线艺术课程。 1．细节理解题。根据“International Center of Photography(国际摄影中心)” 下文介绍中“Cost: $20 per month or $220 per year”（费用：每月20美元或每年220美元）可知，如果你报名参加为期六个月的摄影课程，你需要支付$20×6=120美元。故选D项。 2．细节理解题。根据“The Ceramic (陶瓷) School”下文介绍中“Class length: 1 to 2 hours”（课程长度：1至2小时）以及“Craftsy”下文介绍中“Class length: 1 to 2 hours”（课程长度：1至2小时）可知，两者的共同之处是上课时长一样，都是1至2小时。故选C项。 3．推理判断题。根据“Skillshare”下文介绍中“Standout feature: Providing classes for people at all skill levels at an affordable price, Skillshare is our top pick for online painting lessons.”（突出特点：以合理的价格为所有技能水平的人提供课程，Skillshare是我们在线绘画课程的首选。）可知，Skillshare这个课程适合绘画爱好者。故选A项。 Passage 2 In the past five years or so, classical music’s popularity has grown among young people,with listeners both streaming and at in-person concerts appealing much more to the younger generations. A ClassicFM article published in 2020 showed that while, a decade ago, less than 10% of classical listeners were under 30, in 2020 that percentage had grown to a third of overall listeners. A more recent article from ClassicFM published in 2025 showed that 65% of people under 35 were now regular listeners of classical music. A handful of critics attribute (归因) the new-found passion in classical music to the pandemic, where the rise of social media subcultures drew in the masses as people were stuck in their houses. This has resulted in a re-popularization of cultured pursuits among young people, such as listening to classical music, attending the ballet, reading more frequently, and visiting art museums. Whether this return to classical roots is directly due to any of these factors, as opposed to a general cultural shift, is hard to say. Regardless, many attribute this classical music trend in part to the rise of TikTok and other social media, as they have made it easier to access information about classical music, interact directly with young classical musicians. Social media has not only increased classical music’s popularity as a whole among young people, but it has also significantly aided in promoting younger classical musicians in the industry. Anna Lapwood, a British organist, has over 2 million followers across social media platforms, and has worked with the BBC Proms to relaunch #ClassicalMusic on TikTok, as a way to break down barriers to entry for classical music and make it more accessible to young people. So, why does this comeback of classical music even matter? Why should we listen to classical music at all? Again, I am by no means here to argue that classical music is in any way a superior art form, or that it should be pushed upon young people as being so. However, it lies at the heart of much of our modern music’s development. 4．Why are the ClassicFM articles mentioned? A．To illustrate the impact of streaming media. B．To demonstrate the re-popularization of classical music. C．To display the purchasing power of the young. D．To prove the success of classical music concerts. 5．Which is most widely believed to have contributed to the change concerning classical music? A．The accessibility of online information. B．The change of taste of the public. C．The limitations of the pandemic. D．The publicizing campaigns by TikTok. 6．What can be inferred about Anna Lapwood? A．She promotes other young classical musicians. B．She remained little known prior to the trend. C．She has a large following across age groups. D．She has built up popularity through social media. 7．What might be talked about in the following paragraph? A．The significance of classical music. B．The fans of classical music. C．The future of modern music. D．The development of modern music. 【答案】4．B 5．A 6．D 7．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了近年来古典音乐在年轻人中重新流行及其原因和意义。 4．推理判断题。根据第二段“A ClassicFM article published in 2020 showed that while, a decade ago, less than 10% of classical listeners were under 30, in 2020 that percentage had grown to a third of overall listeners. A more recent article from ClassicFM published in 2025 showed that 65% of people under 35 were now regular listeners of classical music.(ClassicFM 2020年发表的一篇文章显示，十年前，不到10%的古典音乐听众年龄在30岁以下，而到了2020年，这一比例已增长到整体听众的三分之一。ClassicFM 2025年发表的一篇更新的文章显示，35岁以下的人群中，现在有65%的人经常听古典音乐。)”可知，提到ClassicFM的文章是为了展示古典音乐的重新流行。故选B。 5．细节理解题。根据第四段中“Regardless, many attribute this classical music trend in part to the rise of TikTok and other social media, as they have made it easier to access information about classical music, interact directly with young classical musicians.(无论如何，许多人将这种古典音乐趋势部分归因于TikTok和其他社交媒体的兴起，因为它们使获取古典音乐信息、直接与年轻古典音乐家互动变得更加容易。)”可知，人们普遍认为在线信息的可获取性对古典音乐的变化贡献最大。故选A。 6．推理判断题。根据第五段“Social media has not only increased classical music’s popularity as a whole among young people,but it has also significantly aided in promoting younger classical musicians in the industry. Anna Lapwood, a British organist, has over 2 million followers across social media platforms, and has worked with the BBC Proms to relaunch #ClassicalMusic on TikTok, as a way to break down barriers to entry for classical music and make it more accessible to young people.(社交媒体不仅提高了古典音乐在年轻人中的整体受欢迎程度，而且极大地帮助了业内年轻古典音乐家的推广。英国管风琴家安娜·拉普伍德在社交媒体平台上有超过200万粉丝，她与BBC逍遥音乐会合作，在TikTok上重新推出了#ClassicalMusic，以此打破古典音乐的入门障碍，使其更易于年轻人接触。)”可知，安娜·拉普伍德通过社交媒体建立了人气。故选D。 7．推理判断题。根据最后一段“So, why does this comeback of classical music even matter? Why should we listen to classical music at all? Again, I am by no means here to argue that classical music is in any way a superior art form, or that it should be pushed upon young people as being so. However, it lies at the heart of much of our modern music’s development.(那么，为什么古典音乐的回归如此重要呢？我们为什么要听古典音乐呢？再次强调，我绝不是在这里争辩古典音乐是一种优越的艺术形式，或者应该把它强加给年轻人。然而，它处于我们现代音乐发展的核心。)”可知，接下来可能会讨论古典音乐的重要性。故选A。 Passage 3 WIND ON THE HILL No one can tell me, Nobody knows, Where the wind comes from, Where the wind goes. It’s flying from somewhere As fast as it can, I couldn’t keep up with it, Not if I ran. But if I stopped holding The string of my kite, It would blow with the wind For a day and a night. And then when I found it, Wherever it blew, I should know that the wind Had been going there too. So then I could tell them Where the wind goes ... But where the wind comes from Nobody knows. A．A．MilneDREAM Hold fast to dreams, For if dreams die Life is a broken-winged bird That cannot fly. Hold fast to dreams, For when dreams go Life is a barren field Frozen with snow. Langston HughesA MATCH If love were what the rose is, And I were the leaf, Our lives would grow together In sad or singing weather, Brown fields or flowerful closes, Green pleasure or grey grief; If love were what the rose is, And I were like the leaf. A．C． Swinburne 8．What of the following is the best to show the characteristic of WIND ON THE HILL? A．Similes. B．Metaphors. C．Literary devices. D．Descriptive and vivid language. 9．When you are faced with difficulties, which poem can motivate you most? A．NIGHT. B．DREAM. C．A MATCH. D．WIND ON THE HILL. 10．What is the poem A MATCH about? A．The love between lovers. B．The love between friends. C．The love between colleagues. D．The love between parents and children. 11．Which of the following isn’t the rhyming words of A MATCH? A．Leaf. B．Closes. C．Rose. D．Weather. 【答案】8．D 9．B 10．A 11．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。本文包含三首诗歌《山上的风》、《梦想》、《良缘》。第一首探讨风的神秘与自由，第二首强调梦想对生命的重要性，第三首比喻爱情如玫瑰与叶。文章通过诗歌分析，展示语言特色、情感表达和人生哲理，启发读者思考风、梦想与爱的本质。 8．细节理解题。根据“WIND ON THE HILL(《山上的风》)”部分中“It’s flying from somewhere As fast as it can(它从某个地方飞来，尽可能快地)”以及“The string of my kite, It would blow with the wind. For a day and a night. And then when I found it, Wherever it blew, I should know that the wind, Had been going there too. (我手中的风筝线，它将随风飘走。飘一天，飘一晚。后来当我找到它时，不管它飘落何方，我知道风一定也曾经到过那里)”可知，该首诗描述风筝与风的关系等，使用了生动形象的语言来展现风的特点，让读者能更直观地感受到风，所以D选项“Descriptive and vivid language(描述性且生动的语言)”最能体现这首诗的特点。故选D。 9．推理判断题。根据“DREAM(《梦想》)”部分中“Hold fast to dreams, For if dreams die Life is a broken-winged bird That cannot fly. Hold fast to dreams, For when dreams go Life is a barren field Frozen with snow.(紧紧抓住梦想，因为如果梦想破灭，生命就像折翼的鸟儿，无法飞翔。紧紧抓住梦想，因为当梦想离去，生命就像一片冰封雪盖的荒原)”可知，该诗歌强调了梦想的重要性，鼓励人们坚持梦想，在面临困难时，坚持梦想能给人力量和希望，所以这首诗能很好地激励人。故选B。 10．主旨大意题。根据“A MATCH(《良缘》)”诗中提到“If love were what the rose is, And I were the leaf, Our lives would grow together(如果爱是玫瑰，而我是叶子，我们的生命将共同成长)”，从这些描述可以看出，诗中以玫瑰和叶子来比喻恋人之间的关系，表达的是恋人之间的爱。A选项“The love between lovers.( 恋人之间的爱。)”符合题意。故选A。 11．推理判断题。根据题干“Which of the following isn’t the rhyming words of A MATCH?( 以下哪一项不是《良缘》这首诗的押韵词)”可知，押韵词通常是指诗句末尾发音相同或相近的词。在这首诗中，“leaf”与“grief”押韵，“together”与“weather”，“is”与“closes”押韵。C选项“Rose(玫瑰)”在诗中与其他词没有明显的押韵关系。故选C。 Passage 4 As one of the most famous landscape photographers of all time, Ansel Adams has inspired generations of photography lovers. This includes Nick Micheels, who transformed his love for Adams’ work into an incredible idea for a LEGO set. Micheels spent one month designing the 1,100-piece set, which he then posted to the LEGO Ideas website. Called “The Landscape photographer”, Micheels’ idea was selected as a Staff Pick and is nearing the 10,000 votes. Like many of us, Micheels enjoyed playing with LEGOs during childhood, but felt he’d grown out of the hobby. However, during the pandemic(流行病), he rediscovered his passion and started designing LEGO sets, which he posts on LEGO Ideas under the name Lobster Thermidor. Micheels himself is a photographer and has admired Adams’ work since he was a child. So, it only seemed natural to translate his love for the American photographer’s works into a LEGO set. This set includes Adams’ famous large 8×10 camera, which can be placed on top of a LEGO touring car-just as Adams did to get the best view for his photos. It also has LEGO versions of yellow monkeyflowers and a ponderosa pine tree, creating the nature Adams loved. The choice of leaves is no accident either. Micheels selected plants native to the photographer’s beloved Yosemite National Park. For Micheels, the most challenging part of creating the LEGO set was creating Adams’ camera on a small scale (尺寸). In a similar fashion, Micheels went through several designs before arriving at the final version. He explained,“I really wanted to get as many details right as I could. I even made a second lens so you can change lenses if necessary.” With over 8,500 votes on LEGO Ideas, “The Landscape photographer” is on track to hit 10,000supporters. Once that happens, the official LEGO team will take a look at the design in order to determine if it’s suitable for production. For Micheels, it would be a dream to see his design on the shelves and to have the chance to build it with his kids. 12．What inspired Micheels to create the LEGO set “The Landscape photographer”? A．The rediscovery of his enthusiasm for designing. B．His childhood memories of playing with LEGOs. C．His desire to win votes on the LEGO Ideas website. D．The admiration for Ansel Adams’ landscape photography. 13．What is paragraph 4 mainly about? A．Micheels’ efforts to present the scene Adams valued. B．The impact of the local environment on Micheels’ design. C．Adams’ philosophy behind photography in his lifetime. D．The unique features of Adams’ photography style. 14．What does the addition of a second lens to the LEGO camera primarily reflect? A．A move to show off his skills. B．A way to handle a complicated design. C．A commitment to achieving perfection. D．A solution to the technical limitations. 15．What can be inferred about the future of “The Landscape photographer” LEGO set? A．It might generate significant profits through mass sales. B．It may become an official product with enough backing. C．It could help Micheels to pursue a LEGO design career. D．It is likely to become a best- seller in the LEGO collection. 【答案】12．D 13．A 14．C 15．B 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了米歇尔斯受亚当斯启发设计乐高套装的过程及前景。 12．细节理解题。根据第三段“Micheels himself is a photographer and has admired Adams’ work since he was a child. So, it only seemed natural to translate his love for the American photographer’s works into a LEGO set.(米歇尔斯本人是一名摄影师，从小就欣赏亚当斯的作品。所以，把他对这位美国摄影师作品的喜爱转化为一套乐高积木似乎是很自然的事)”可知，对安塞尔·亚当斯风景摄影的钦佩激发了米歇尔斯创作乐高套装“风景摄影师”的灵感。故选D。 13．主旨大意题。根据第四段“This set includes Adams’ famous large 8×10 camera, which can be placed on top of a LEGO touring car - just as Adams did to get the best view for his photos. It also has LEGO versions of yellow monkeyflowers and a ponderosa pine tree, creating the nature Adams loved. The choice of leaves is no accident either. Micheels selected plants native to the photographer’s beloved Yosemite National Park.(这套积木包括亚当斯著名的大型8×10相机，可以放在乐高旅行车的顶部，就像亚当斯为了获得最佳拍照视角所做的那样。它还有黄色猴面花的乐高版本和黄松树，营造出亚当斯喜爱的自然环境。树叶的选择也不是偶然的。米歇尔斯选择了这位摄影师心爱的约塞米蒂国家公园的本土植物)”可知，本段主要讲述了米歇尔斯为呈现亚当斯珍视的场景所做的努力。故选A。 14．细节理解题。根据第五段“He explained,“I really wanted to get as many details right as I could. I even made a second lens so you can change lenses if necessary.”(他解释说：“我真的想尽可能多地弄对细节。我甚至做了第二个镜头，这样如果有必要的话你可以更换镜头。”)”可知，在乐高相机上添加第二个镜头主要反映了他对追求完美的承诺。故选C。 15．推理判断题。根据最后一段“With over 8,500 votes on LEGO Ideas, ‘The Landscape photographer’ is on track to hit 10,000 supporters. Once that happens, the official LEGO team will take a look at the design in order to determine if it’s suitable for production.(在乐高创意网站上，“风景摄影师”获得了超过8500票，有望达到10000名支持者。一旦达到，乐高官方团队将查看设计，以确定其是否适合生产)”可推断出，如果得到足够的支持，“风景摄影师”乐高套装可能会成为官方产品。故选B。 话题3 大众媒体（人与社会） Passage 1 In the past few decades, the way people access information has undergone a dramatic transformation, shifting from traditional media to digital platforms. Traditional media, which includes newspapers, television, and radio, has long been the basis of public communication. These forms of media are characterized by their one-way communication model, where information is delivered to a passive audience without immediate interaction. In contrast, digital media — including social media, blogs, and online news websites — operates on a dynamic, interactive framework that allows users to engage, comment, and share content in real time. Despite their differences, both traditional and digital media share the fundamental goal of spreading information to the public. Each serves as a tool for education, entertainment, and monitoring of the environment. Moreover, both forms are influenced by economic factors—relying on advertising income and audience engagement — and must stick to ethical standards, although the carrying out of these standards varies significantly between the two. However, the differences between these media forms are obvious. Traditional media typically offers slower, more selected content produced by professionals, often ensuring higher accuracy but lacking immediacy. Digital media, on the other hand, provides instant updates and a variety of perspectives at the cost of occasional unreliability. One critical distinction lies in accessibility: traditional media is often limited by geographic and temporal restrictions, while digital media is globally accessible anytime, promoting a more interconnected world. Additionally, digital platforms allow users to become content creators themselves, making them difficult to see the line between producers and consumers. Looking ahead, the future undoubtedly belongs to digital media. With the rapid advancement of technology and increasing internet penetration (渗透) worldwide, digital platforms are becoming the primary source of information for younger generations. Although traditional media will not disappear entirely, its role will likely reduce to that of a supplementary source, valued for its depth and credibility. As artificial intelligence and big data continue to evolve, digital media will further personalize user experiences and dominate the landscape of communication. Ultimately, this shift indicates not just a change in how we consume information, but a transformation in how we connect with the world around us. 1．What is a key characteristic of digital media according to the passage? A．It allows real-time interaction and engagement. B．It relies only on professional content producers. C．It is limited by geographic and temporal restrictions. D．It delivers information through a one-way communication model. 2．What is the main purpose of the second paragraph? A．To predict the future development of digital media. B．To discuss the economic models of both media types. C．To emphasize the differences between the two media forms. D．To highlight the shared goals and characteristics of both media. 3．What can be inferred about traditional media from the passage? A．It will completely disappear within the next decade. B．It will maintain its dominant position in information dissemination. C．It may continue to exist but in a more specialized role. D．It will merge completely with digital media and lose its identity. 4．Which of the following would be the most suitable title for the passage? A．The Economic Challenges of Traditional Media. B．The Media Revolution: From Traditional to Digital. C．The Disadvantages of Digital Platforms. D．How to Become a Content Creator. 【答案】1．A 2．D 3．C 4．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章对比了传统媒体和数字媒体的特点、优缺点及未来趋势。指出数字媒体更互动、即时、普及，但传统媒体仍有深度和可信度。预测未来数字媒体将主导，但传统媒体可能转为补充角色，两者共同改变信息传播和连接方式。 1．细节理解题。根据文章第一段中“In contrast, digital media — including social media, blogs, and online news websites — operates on a dynamic, interactive framework that allows users to engage, comment, and share content in real time.(相比之下，数字媒体——包括社交媒体、博客和在线新闻网站——在一个动态的、互动的框架中运作，允许用户实时参与、评论和分享内容。)”可知，数字媒体的一个关键特点是允许用户实时互动和参与。选项A“It allows real-time interaction and engagement(它允许实时互动和参与)”符合题意。故选A项。 2．推理判断题。根据文章第二段中“Despite their differences, both traditional and digital media share the fundamental goal of spreading information to the public. Each serves as a tool for education, entertainment, and monitoring of the environment. Moreover, both forms are influenced by economic factors — relying on advertising income and audience engagement — and must stick to ethical standards, although the carrying out of these standards varies significantly between the two.(尽管存在差异，但传统媒体和数字媒体都以向公众传播信息为基本目标。每一种都作为教育、娱乐和环境监测的工具。此外，这两种形式都受到经济因素的影响——依赖广告收入和受众参与——并且必须遵守道德标准，尽管这些标准在两者之间的执行情况有很大差异。)”可知，第二段主要强调了传统媒体和数字媒体的共同目标和特点。故选D项。 3．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中“Although traditional media will not disappear entirely, its role will likely reduce to that of a supplementary source, valued for its depth and credibility.(尽管传统媒体不会完全消失，但其角色可能会降为补充来源，因其深度和可信度而受到重视。)”可知，传统媒体可能会继续存在，但扮演更专业的角色。故选C项。 4．主旨大意题。根据文章第一段中“In the past few decades, the way people access information has undergone a dramatic transformation, shifting from traditional media to digital platforms.(在过去的几十年里，人们获取信息的方式发生了巨大的转变，从传统媒体转向数字平台。)”以及全文内容可知，文章主要讨论了媒体从传统形式向数字形式的革命性转变。选项B“The Media Revolution: From Traditional to Digital(媒体革命：从传统到数字)”符合文章标题。故选B项。 Passage 2 Feeling bad after a favorite show ends is common, and it even has an informal name: post-series depression (PSD). Rita Kottasz, a marketing professor at Kingston University, describes PSD as “a feeling of emptiness and upset when something you love finishes”. This experience can be found in TV shows, books, or video games, creating a desire for more. The idea of PSD gained popularity on social media and fan blogs in the mid-2010s, especially during the Golden Age of TV. Kottasz prefers not to use the name PSD, instead calling it “consumer saudade”, a Portuguese word meaning nostalgic (怀旧的) longing. However, a journal editor told her to use PSD because its widely used outside of research. Kottasz and her co-workers published a research dividing the types of PSD based on interviews with fans who felt sad after their favorite things ended. Common emotions included frustration, disappointment, sadness, and emptiness. Some fans even felt that life was less complete or that they had lost “best friends”. While PSD is often connected to TV shows, Kottasz is exploring its connection to other media, such as the sudden break of K-pop band BTS (防弹少年团) and novels like Harry Potter. Younger people are more influenced than older ones, partially because companies like Netflix are always giving viewers new movies and shows. What might surprise many people is that binge-watching does not seem to cause PSD．Instead, long-term watching may be a factor. Kottasz thinks watching a show over several seasons or reading novels across many years strengthens a person’s relationship to the characters (人物). In her 2019 paper, she said a Harry Potter fan who started reading the series at age 9 and was "sadly left behind’ after the final book and film published years later. But it isn’t quite as simple as saying the end of a show or novel controls our emotion. Brian Kong, a Chicago-based psychologist, is worried that PSD might not imply (暗示) a cause and effect relationship between low moods and a program’s end. Instead, he says that when viewers experiencing lasting bad feelings, watching TV might be acting as an anesthetic (麻醉剂) for a deeper mental problem, like how some people with anxiety drink alcohol. In other words, the low mood already existed, and watching the series only masked it. 5．Which of the following is a common response among fans experiencing PSD? A．A fresh sense of purpose for life. B．A deep satisfaction after the show. C．A great sense of loss of best friends. D．A strong desire for a new hobby. 6．What does the underlined word “binge-watching” in Paragraph 5 mean? A．Reviewing every detail of a TV show day and night. B．Watching many episodes (集) of a TV show at one time. C．Following the episodes of a TV show for a long time. D．Reading a book series while watching the TV adaptation (改編版). 7．What doe Brian Kong imply in the last paragraph? A．PSD covers up a deeper mental problem. B．Viewers with bad feelings like drinking alcohol. C．Watching TV is the main cause of low moods. D．Watching TV series can make mental problems worse. 8．What might the following paragraphs focus on? A．The solutions to post-series depression. B．The marketing (营销) strategies of TV shows. C．The difference between PSD and nostalgia. D．The influence of social media on fan emotions. 【答案】5．C 6．B 7．A 8．A 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了“剧终抑郁(PSD)”这一常见现象，包括其定义、名称的由来、相关研究对其类型的划分、影响人群、可能的影响因素，以及心理学家对其成因的不同观点。 5．细节理解题。根据第三段中“Some fans even felt that life was less complete or that they had lost ‘best friends’.(一些粉丝甚至觉得生活变得不完整了，或者感觉失去了‘最好的朋友’)”可知，经历剧终抑郁的粉丝常见的反应之一是有失去最好朋友般的强烈失落感。故选C。 6．词句猜测题。 根据第五段中“What might surprise many people is that binge-watching does not seem to cause PSD. Instead, long-term watching may be a factor.(让很多人惊讶的是， binge-watching似乎并不会导致剧终抑郁。相反，长期观看可能是一个因素)”可知，binge-watching与“长期观看”是不同的观看方式，结合常识可推测其意为“一次性观看多集电视剧”。 故选B。 7．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Brian Kong, a Chicago-based psychologist, is worried that PSD might not imply ( 暗示 ) a cause and effect relationship between low moods and a program’s end. Instead, he says that when viewers experiencing lasting bad feelings, watching TV might be acting as an anesthetic (麻醉剂) for a deeper mental problem, like how some people with anxiety drink alcohol. In other words, the low mood already existed, and watching the series only masked it.(芝加哥心理学家布莱恩・孔担心，剧集结束后低落情绪（PSD）或许无法说明低落情绪与剧集完结之间存在因果关系。他表示，相反，当观众正经历持续的不良情绪时，看电视可能只是在为某个更深层的心理问题充当 “麻醉剂”—— 就像有些焦虑症患者会借酒消愁一样。换句话说，低落情绪早已存在，观看电视剧只是将其掩盖了而已)”可知，PSD可能掩盖了更深层次的心理问题，看电视只是起到一种麻醉作用，而负面情绪原本就存在。故选A。 8．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Brian Kong, a Chicago-based psychologist, is worried that PSD might not imply ( 暗示 ) a cause and effect relationship between low moods and a program’s end. Instead, he says that when viewers experiencing lasting bad feelings, watching TV might be acting as an anesthetic (麻醉剂) for a deeper mental problem, like how some people with anxiety drink alcohol. In other words, the low mood already existed, and watching the series only masked it.(芝加哥心理学家布莱恩・孔担心，剧集结束后低落情绪（PSD）或许无法说明低落情绪与剧集完结之间存在因果关系。他表示，相反，当观众正经历持续的不良情绪时，看电视可能只是在为某个更深层的心理问题充当 “麻醉剂”—— 就像有些焦虑症患者会借酒消愁一样。换句话说，低落情绪早已存在，观看电视剧只是将其掩盖了而已)”以及上文可知，文章前面介绍了“剧后抑郁(PSD)”的定义、相关情况、引发因素等，最后提到它可能掩盖深层次心理问题，按照行文逻辑，接下来可能会聚焦于“剧后抑郁(PSD)”的解决办法。故选A。 Passage 3 For a long time, people had to listen to the radio to get news, dramas and music at home. This all changed with the development of the television in the early 20th century. For most of TV’s history, we have fitted our weekday evenings around broadcasts of EastEnders, Emmerdale and Coronation Street. However, that seems no longer to be so. Today, we have the power to watch whatever we want to through streaming services, whenever we want to and wherever we want to. The services have given us access to more content than ever before, including back catalogues of classic shows and movies. It’s not just the streaming services that are taking away audiences from traditional TV channels. Social media sites also bring competition to traditional TV since they allow the uploading of video content, meaning users can watch more and shorter clips (片段) at their convenience. In the UK, adults are spending more time watching content on streaming services than ever before. In 2018, the figure was around 26 minutes per day. This has been the trend for the past decade and it doesn’t look like it will change any time soon. While the demand for streaming services is growing, the main UK channels continue to be the most watched overall. For example, in 2018 UK adults continued to watch Channel One for an average of 41 minutes per day, more than any streaming service. While traditional TV networks have seen a decline, the television set itself doesn’t look like it’s going anywhere any time soon. Most major TV channels have their own streaming services, which significantly increase their viewing figures. Additionally, the UK channels have begun making content that’s only available through its iPlayer service. Channel Three allows its viewers to watch original content at their convenience without having to wait for the show to air on TV first. So, while around 50% of all households now subscribe to at least one streaming service, there is no way of knowing where television is going. 9．What is the second paragraph mainly about? A．The advantages of streaming services. B．The popularity of traditional TV channels. C．The competition among streaming services. D．The effects of the Internet on people’s lives. 10．What does the underlined word “This” in Paragraph 4 refer to? A．Analyzing official figures. B．The changing viewing habit. C．Preferring to watch short videos. D．The great demand for UK channels. 11．What do major TV channels do to attract more audiences? A．Enrich their content. B．Put on older TV shows. C．Provide streaming services. D．Seek help from video makers. 12．What is the best title for the text? A．Goodbye, Traditional TV Networks B．How Were Traditional TV Networks Formed? C．People’s Ways of Entertainment Change with the Times D．Will Traditional TV Be Replaced by Streaming Services? 【答案】9．A 10．B 11．C 12．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍流媒体服务等对传统电视的冲击，以及传统电视的应对，探讨传统电视是否会被流媒体取代。 9．主旨大意题。根据第二段中的“Today, we have the power to watch whatever we want to through streaming services, whenever we want to and wherever we want to. The services have given us access to more content than ever before, including back catalogues of classic shows and movies. (如今，我们可以通过流媒体服务在任何时间、任何地点观看任何我们想看的内容。这些服务让我们能够获取比以往更多的内容，包括经典节目和电影的往期目录。)”可知，第二段主要讲述了流媒体服务的优势。故选A项。 10．词句猜测题。根据第四段中的“In the UK, adults are spending more time watching content on streaming services than ever before. In 2018, the figure was around 26 minutes per day. This has been the trend for the past decade and it doesn’t look like it will change any time soon. (在英国，成年人花在流媒体服务上的时间比以往任何时候都多。2018年，这一数字约为每天26分钟。这是过去十年的趋势，而且短期内似乎不会改变。)”可知，“This”指的是上文提到的“成年人在流媒体服务上花费更多时间”这一不断变化的观看习惯。故选B项。 11．细节理解题。根据第五段中的“Most major TV channels have their own streaming services, which significantly increase their viewing figures. (大多数主要电视频道都有自己的流媒体服务，这大大提高了它们的收视率。)”可知，主要电视频道通过提供流媒体服务来吸引更多观众。故选C项。 12．主旨大意题。通读全文，文章先是介绍流媒体服务和社交媒体给传统电视带来的冲击，接着说明传统电视仍有一定受众且在通过自身的流媒体服务积极应对，最后提出“虽然约50%的家庭至少订阅了一项流媒体服务，但电视的未来走向仍不明确”，因此“传统电视会被流媒体服务取代吗？”与文章的主题吻合，适合作为本文的最佳标题。故选D项。 Passage 4 Beijing gathering shows the power of fandoms 粉丝二创，让流行文化生机勃勃 Around 70 years ago, British writer J.R.R. Tolkien created the enchanting (迷人的) realm of Middle-earth (中土世界) in The Lord of the Rings (《指环王》) , a world that has been attracting fans across the globe ever since. Recently, more than 200 fans of Middle-earth gathered in Beijing to celebrate The Lord of the Rings and Tolkien’s other works. Some dressed as characters from Middle-earth, while others showcased Tolkien-themed artwork and shared insights on the Elvish languages invented by Tolkien — Quenya and Sindarin. AndreaW (not her real name) participated as one of the admirers. However, the 26-year-old from Guangdong doesn’t feel comfortable referring to herself as a “fan”. “Nowadays, the term ‘fan’ carries some negative connotations (含义) on social media, and I feel that being identified as a fan might lead to specific obligations, such as contributing digital labor to boost popularity or controlling commentary,” she said. “But the truth is, many admirers, including myself, focus more on our creative works rather than highly organized groups.” It might be more appropriate to instead call AndreaW a “media fan”. Unlike those that follow stars and rising idols, media fans prefer staying on top of various media franchises, including books, games, comics, films, or TV shows. Li Sixue, a 32-year-old from Jilin province, is one such fan of Tolkien’s works. Calling herself an “academic fan” (“学术粉”), Li aspires to (有志于) document the development of media fan groups in China and get rid of the stigma (污名) and misunderstandings surrounding them. “I want to get more people to know that most fans are wonderful young people,” she explained. Li also finds a trait among media fans —  a strong wish for creation and a do-it-yourself attitude. Creators usually share their works through fan fiction, fan art, cosplays, and different fan-centric activities. These fans use online platforms to share their creations and show appreciation for others’ works. However, for fans who prefer to observe rather than create, participation in events like screening sessions, reading parties, and conventions (集会) allows them to engage with the wider fan community. Passion projects and works by fans Community contributions As a fan of British writer J.R.R. Tolkien, AndreaW organized a special online fan event one month ago, inviting admirers of Tolkien’s books to create fan literary and art pieces in his memory. One after another, they posted their works online once every 15 to 30 minutes, building up a sequence from Aug 27 to Sept 2. About 250 people participated in the activity, creating more than 300 fan works, including fiction, poems, illustrations (插画), and mashup videos (混剪视频). Fandom to career Writing fan fiction is a common starting point for being a fan. The 19-year-old Mia Mao (not her real name) from Shenzhen penned (撰写) her first X-Men fan fiction at the age of 13. Two years ago, she began crafting fan fiction related to Middle-earth, which, in turn, led her to delve into medieval (中世纪的) European history.  She is now working on a full-length novel derived from Tolkien’s series, which will comprise 30 chapters. Bringing characters alive While other fan creators express themselves through writing and art, cosplayers dress up as their favorite fictional characters to bring them to life. Yunqi (not her real name), 30, from Guangdong, has created six different looks from Tolkien’s books. She once combined Middle-earth characters with hanfu to bring something new to the original works.  Homura Yan (not her real name), 26, from Beijing, has become a craftswoman through cosplaying.  She made the clothing and weapon of Sauron, a Dark Lord in The Lord of the Rings, all on her own. 13．Which best describes the fans who gathered to celebrate The Lord of the Rings? A．Blind. B．Critical. C．Cultured. D．Diverse. 14．Why does AndreaW feel uncomfortable when being called a “fan”? A．She finds fan activities boring. B．She dislikes fan-related duties. C．She doesn’t want to be judged. D．She considers herself unqualified. 15．What does Li Sixue aim to do? A．Create more creative works based on Tolkien’s books. B．Further her academic research on fandom culture. C．Change popular misconceptions about fan groups. D．Organize more fan conventions in China. 16．What does the last paragraph mainly talk about? A．How fans interact with others. B．How fans share their creations. C．How fans find their communities. D．How fans influence each other. 【答案】13．D 14．B 15．C 16．A 【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要说明了北京 200 多名《指环王》粉丝聚会，展现多样创作。文中介绍粉丝类型、创作形式及对粉丝群体的正名，体现粉丝文化活力。 13．推理判断题。根据第二段“Some dressed as characters from Middle-earth, while others showcased Tolkien-themed artwork and shared insights on the Elvish languages invented by Tolkien — Quenya and Sindarin. (一些人装扮成《魔戒》世界中的角色，而另一些人则展示了以托尔金为主题的艺术作品，并分享了关于托尔金所创造的精灵语——昆雅语和辛达林语的见解。)”可知，那些聚集起来庆祝《指环王》的粉丝很多样化。故选D。 14．细节理解题。根据第四段““Nowadays, the term ‘fan’ carries some negative connotations (含义) on social media, and I feel that being identified as a fan might lead to specific obligations, such as contributing digital labor to boost popularity or controling commentary,” she said. (“如今，在社交媒体上，‘粉丝’这个称呼带有一些负面的含义。我觉得被认定为粉丝可能会带来一些特定的义务，比如需要为提升人气而付出网络劳动，或者需要对评论进行管控。” 她说道。)”可知，安德里亚·W 当被称作“粉丝”时会感到不自在因为她不喜欢与粉丝相关的职责。故选B。 15．细节理解题。根据第六段“Calling herself an “academic fan” (“学术粉”), Li aspires to (有志于) document the development of media fan groups in China and get rid of the stigma (污名) and misunderstandings surrounding them. (她自称是“学术粉”，她希望能够记录中国媒体粉丝团体的发展历程，并消除人们对它们的偏见和误解。)”可知，Li Sixue想要改变人们对粉丝群体的普遍误解。故选C。 16．主旨大意题。根据最后一段“While other fan creators express themselves through writing and art, cosplayers dress up as their favorite fictional characters to bring them to life. Yunqi (not her real name), 30, from Guangdong, has created six different looks from Tolkien’s books. She once combined Middle-earth characters with hanfu to bring something new to the original works.  Homura Yan (not her real name), 26, from Beijing, has become a craftswoman through cosplaying.  She made the clothing and weapon of Sauron, a Dark Lord in The Lord of the Rings, all on her own. (其他粉丝创作者通过写作和绘画来表达自我，而角色扮演者则会装扮成自己喜爱的虚构角色，让这些角色栩栩如生。30岁的云琪（化名）来自广东，她根据托尔金的著作创作了六种不同的形象。她曾将中土世界的角色与汉服相结合，为原作带来了新的元素。26 岁的远河妍（化名）来自北京，通过角色扮演成为了手工艺人。她独自制作了《指环王》中黑暗领主索伦的服装和武器。)”可知，最后一段主要讲了粉丝们与他人之间的互动方式。故选A。 话题4 体育（人与社会） Passage 1 Do you want to work out to stay healthy? The following are some home workouts you can try. HIIT Workout Interval training (HIIT) uses high-intensity exercises combined with short rest periods to maximize calorie burn and cardiorespiratory (心肺的) fitness. There are two HIT circuits (循环训练) for different people. For beginners: start with 30 seconds of workout, followed by 30 seconds of rest. For the advanced: do 45 seconds of workout and 15 seconds of rest. Yoga Yoga combines breathing techniques, meditation (冥想) and different poses designed to encourage relaxation and reduce stress. Practicing yoga comes with many benefits for both mental and physical health. It helps to reduce anxiety and improve sleep quality. Find a beginner workout and practice regularly, step by step. CrossFit When we think of CrossFit, probably the gym comes to our mind along with a lot of tools. At home and without these tools, CrossFit is a little more challenging, but not impossible. This is a good core workout: Complete 5 rounds of: ·Ten sit-ups ·Five push-ups ·45-second plank ·Ten push-ups ·60-second plank ·Fifteen sit-ups Please rest 60 seconds between rounds. Pilates Pilates is a whole-body fitness, adaptable to many fitness levels and needs, develops core strength, increases flexibility, improves posture and increases energy level. Unlike some types of exercises, Pilates won’t over-develop some parts of the body and ignore others. It focuses on core strength while training the body as an inseparable one. 1．Which workout should you try if you’re under pressure? A．HIIT Workout. B．Yoga. C．CrossFit. D．Pilates. 2．What’s special about Pilates? A．It aims to train your body as a whole. B．It requires you to do sit-ups and push-ups. C．It may over-develop some parts of your body. D．It has two circuits for beginners and the advanced. 3．What’s the writing purpose of this passage? A．To teach people to lose weight. B．To ask people to go to the gym. C．To introduce some home exercise. D．To compare different home workouts. 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．C 【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要讲述一些保持健康的家庭锻炼方法。 1．细节理解题。由Yoga中“Yoga combines breathing techniques, meditation (冥想) and different poses designed to encourage relaxation and reduce stress.(瑜伽结合了呼吸技巧、冥想和不同的姿势，旨在鼓励放松和减轻压力。)”可知，如果你有压力，你应该试试瑜伽。故选B项。 2．细节理解题。由Pilates中“Unlike some types of exercises, Pilates won’t over-develop some parts of the body and ignore others. It focuses on core strength while training the body as an inseparable one.(与某些类型的运动不同，普拉提不会过度发展身体的某些部位，而忽略其他部位。它注重核心力量，而训练身体是不可分割的。)”可知，普拉提旨在训练你的身体作为一个整体。故选A项。 3．推理判断题。由文章第一段“Do you want to work out to stay healthy? The following are some home workouts you can try.(你想锻炼身体保持健康吗？以下是一些你可以尝试的家庭锻炼。)”以及下文可知，文章主要讲述一些保持健康的家庭锻炼方法。由此可推知，作者的写作目的是介绍一些家庭运动。故选C项。 Passage 2 In the 1986 America’s Cup sailing race, a tough competition unfolded between the United States team and the Australian team. The Australian team had won the race multiple times before. Determined to take back the trophy(奖杯), the US team gathered plentiful capital and top sailors. They even designed a high-speed sailboat, making their goal of winning clear. When the race started, the US team took the lead right away. By the time they were just four nautical miles (海里) from the finish line, they were already three nautical miles ahead of the Australian team. It seemed victory was within their grasp. However, the wind direction at sea suddenly changed at this critical moment. The US team was now faced with a tough choice: should they adjust (调整) the sail angle? You see, there are two types of wind at sea — gusts and cyclones. If it was a gust, adjusting the sail would be the right move. But if it was a cyclone, any adjustment would be useless, as cyclones change direction constantly. Relying on his years of experience, the US team’s old captain decided it was a gust and ordered the crew to adjust the sail. Sadly, his judgment was wrong. It turned out to be a gust-like cyclone. The US sailboat spun (转动) around in place, wasting valuable time. Meanwhile, the Australian team chose not to adjust their sail and quickly caught up. In the end, the Australian team overtook the US team when they were just one nautical mile from the finish line and won the championship. After the race, most media blamed the old captain for the US loss. But a game theory expert had a different view. He said that in an uncertain situation, the US team shouldn’t have tried to judge the wind direction accurately. Instead, they should have watched the Australian team’s actions. If the Australians didn’t adjust their sail, the US team shouldn’t have either. That way, they could have kept their lead. 4．Why might the US team take the lead at the start? A．They had good funds, sailors and a good boat. B．They practiced sailing every single day. C．Australian team made a slow start. D．The wind helped the US team a lot. 5．What can we know about the Australian team? A．They wanted the US to win. B．They did not trust their captain. C．They made no sail adjustment. D．They knew the wind would change again. 6．What advice did the expert give? A．Better later than never. B．Copy the competitor’s move. C．It is never too old to learn and create. D．Trust the captain. 7．What would be the most suitable title for the text? A．The Unpredictable Sea Winds B．A Race Lost at the Last Mile C．America’s Cup Sailing Race D．The Role of Experience in Sailing 【答案】4．A 5．C 6．B 7．B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。本文讲述1986年美洲杯帆船赛，美国队因判断风况失误而失利。专家建议应观察对手行动，不盲目调整帆，以保持领先。 4．细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的“Determined to take back the trophy, the US team gathered plentiful capital and top sailors. They even designed a high-speed sailboat, making their goal of winning clear. When the race started, the US team took the lead right away.(美国队决心夺回奖杯，筹集了大量资金并招募了顶尖的帆船运动员。他们甚至设计了一艘高速帆船，明确了他们的获胜目标。比赛开始时，美国队立即领先。)”可知，美国队在开始时领先是因为他们有充足的资金、顶尖的帆船运动员和一艘好船。故选A项。 5．推理判断题。根据文章第四段中的“Meanwhile, the Australian team chose not to adjust their sail and quickly caught up.(与此同时，澳大利亚队选择不调整他们的帆，并迅速赶了上来。)”可知，澳大利亚队没有调整他们的帆。故选C项。 6．细节理解题。根据文章最后一段中的“He said that in an uncertain situation, the US team shouldn’t have tried to judge the wind direction accurately. Instead, they should have watched the Australian team’s actions. If the Australians didn’t adjust their sail, the US team shouldn’t have either.(他说，在不确定的情况下，美国队不应该试图准确判断风向。相反，他们应该观察澳大利亚队的行动。如果澳大利亚队不调整他们的帆，美国队也不应该调整。)”可知，专家给出的建议是模仿竞争对手的行动。故选B项。 7．主旨大意题。根据文章内容，本文主要讲述了在1986年美洲杯帆船赛中，美国队在领先的情况下，由于对风向的错误判断而调整了帆，最终在最后一海里被澳大利亚队超越并输掉了比赛。结合选项可知，B项“A Race Lost at the Last Mile(在最后一海里输掉的比赛)”最符合文章主旨，适合作为文章标题。故选B项。 Passage 3 Does the popular activity benchmark (基准) of walking 10,000 steps a day feel too distant? New research finds you can gain health benefits just by moving a little more than usual. Aiming for 7,000 steps daily is a good goal when possible, said lead study author Dr. Melody Ding, public health professor at the University of Sydney. Compared with adults who took 2,000 steps (the minimal count), those with 7,000 steps had a 47% lower risk of all-cause death, 25% less risk of cardiovascular (心血管)disease and 38% less risk of mental illnesses. Many fitness tracker users see 10,000 steps as a daily activity standard, but this number lacks solid evidence, noted Dr. Sean Heffron from NYU, who was not involved in the research. A 2019 study found aiming for 10,000 steps likely originated from a Japanese pedometer marketing campaign by Yamasa Clock and Instrument Company, called “Manpo-kei” (“10,000 steps meter”). “More than 7,000 steps isn’t harmful and may even bring extra benefits, though.” Ding said, “Active people doing 10,000+ steps don’t need to cut back to 7,000!” Dr. Gulati from Cedars-Sinai Medical Center said step counts help estimate overall exercise levels. “The less you move, the fewer exerkines — special chemicals released during muscle contractions that not only benefit blood vessel health, but also improve insulin (胰岛素)sensitivity — and the higher your health risks,” he explained. 8．What can we learn from Dr. Melody Ding’s research? A．10,000 steps a day is the best daily activity benchmark. B．7,000 daily steps cuts all-cause death risk by 47% vs 2,000 steps. C．Moving less than 2,000 steps a day has no health risks at all. D．People with 10,000+ steps daily should cut back to 7,000 steps. 9．Why is the 10,000-step standard questioned? A．It came from marketing with no solid supporting evidence. B．Most adults can hardly achieve the 10,000-step goal daily. C．It has been proved harmful to people’s cardiovascular health. D．It totally ignores the health benefits of fewer daily steps. 10．What is the function of exerkines according to Dr. Gulati? A．They help track daily step counts in an accurate way. B．They reduce people’s need for regular daily exercise. C．They benefit blood vessel health and insulin sensitivity. D．They raise mental illness risk when released by muscles. 11．What is the main idea of the passage? A．It talks about the history of the 10,000-step activity standard. B．Research shows 7,000 daily steps bring health benefits to people. C．It tells how to choose a suitable fitness tracker for step counting. D．It introduces doctors’ views on the harm of being physically inactive. 【答案】8．B 9．A 10．C 11．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍每天走7000步可带来健康益处，同时质疑了万步走标准，并解释了运动因子的作用。 8．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Compared with adults who took 2,000 steps (the minimal count), those with 7,000 steps had a 47% lower risk of all-cause death, 25% less risk of cardiovascular disease and 38% less risk of mental illnesses.(与每天走2000 步（最低步数）的成年人相比，每天走7000步的人全因死亡风险降低47%，心血管疾病风险降低25%，精神疾病风险降低38%)”可知，丁博士的研究表明，相较于每天走2000步的人，每天走7000步能使全因死亡风险降低 47%。故选B项。 9．细节理解题。根据第三段“Many fitness tracker users see 10,000 steps as a daily activity standard, but this number lacks solid evidence, noted Dr. Sean Heffron from NYU, who was not involved in the research. A 2019 study found aiming for 10,000 steps likely originated from a Japanese pedometer marketing campaign by Yamasa Clock and Instrument Company, called “Manpo-kei” (“10,000 steps meter”).(纽约大学的肖恩・赫夫龙博士并未参与这项研究，他指出，许多健身追踪器用户将每日万步视为日常活动标准，但这一数字缺乏确凿的证据支撑。2019年的一项研究发现，每日万步的目标很可能源于日本山佐钟表仪器公司推出的一款计步器营销活动，该活动名为“万步计”)”可知，万步标准之所以受到质疑，是因为它源于一场营销活动，没有可靠的证据支撑。故选A项。 10．细节理解题。根据第五段中的“The less you move, the fewer exerkines — special chemicals released during muscle contractions that not only benefit blood vessel health, but also improve insulin sensitivity — and the higher your health risks.(运动量越少，运动因子就越少 —— 运动因子是肌肉收缩时释放的特殊化学物质，不仅有益于血管健康，还能提高胰岛素敏感性 —— 健康风险也就越高)”可知，古拉蒂博士认为运动因子的作用是有益血管健康且能提高胰岛素敏感性。故选C项。 11．主旨大意题。根据第一段中的“New research finds you can gain health benefits just by moving a little more than usual.(研究发现，只要比平时多动一点，就能获得健康益处)”以及第二段中的“Aiming for 7,000 steps daily is a good goal when possible, said lead study author Dr. Melody Ding, public health professor at the University of Sydney.(悉尼大学公共卫生教授、该研究的主要作者梅洛迪·丁博士说，尽可能每天走7000步是个不错的目标)”可知，文章核心是围绕每天走7000步能给人带来健康益处展开。故选B项。 Passage 4 Teaching middle schoolers bike riding skills as part of physical education classes may help improve their mental health, according to a new study that looked at the effects of a 6-to-8-week cycling class taught in schools across the U.S. The mental health benefits of exercise are well-documented. And anyone who’s lived through middle school knows those years can be particularly challenging. The new study comes at a time when research shows that youths across the U.S. are struggling with mental health. “They’re starting to experience all sorts of social pressures, anxiety, stress from school, stress from home,” says Sean Wilson, the study’s senior author. The study included over 1,200 students, aged 11 to 14, from middle schools across the U.S. They took part in a cycling class at least three times a week for at least 6 weeks. They learned cycling safety and riding skills outdoors while raising their heart rate and just having fun. The students completed standardized screening questionnaires (调查问卷) before and after the program designed to measure their well-being. Dr. Allan Reiss from Stanford University School of Medicine says that while many types of exercise are good for the brain, cycling has some special advantages. “Cycling uses many different parts of the brain as you need to see, hear, and stay balanced,” Reiss explains. “You also have to pay attention to where you’re going and make turns.” Of course, while exercise has powerful mental health benefits, it’s not a panacea (灵丹妙药). The current study found that, while middle school girls reported increased well-being after joining the cycling program, that increase “may just reach the usual level for boys,” says Esther Walker, the senior research program manager. And other parts of healthy living are also important, notes Walker. The study found that teenagers who spent more than two hours a day on screens, or who got less than the recommended 8.5 hours of sleep, saw less improvement in their well-being, she says. 12．What is the main reason for the new study? A．The mental problems of American youths. B．The competition between American schools. C．The idea that exercise helps mental health. D．Previous research that caused disagreement. 13．How did the researchers come to their conclusion? A．By teaching cycling skills. B．By attending a cycling class. C．By comparing questionnaires. D．By checking the subjects’ heart rates. 14．According to Dr. Allan Reiss, what makes cycling better than other physical activities? A．It improves social skills. B．It activates many brain functions. C．It is common and easy to learn. D．It is more effective at reducing stress. 15．What can we infer from Esther Walker’s words? A．Exercise is more important for girls. B．Schools should focus on cycling in PE classes. C．Girls should choose other exercises other than cycling. D．Good living habits are also important for well-being. 【答案】12．A 13．C 14．B 15．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一项针对美国中学生的新研究——在学校开设6-8周骑行课程，以探究骑行对心理健康的积极影响。 12．细节理解题。根据第二段的句子“The new study comes at a time when research shows that youths across the U.S. are struggling with mental health. (这项新研究是在研究表明美国各地的年轻人都在与心理健康作斗争的时候进行的。)”可知，研究的主因是美国青少年心理健康问题突出。故选A项。 13．细节理解题。根据第三段的句子“The students completed standardized screening questionnaires (调查问卷) before and after the program designed to measure their well-being. (学生们在项目之前和之后完成了标准化的筛选问卷，以衡量他们的幸福感。)”可知，研究人员让受试者在项目前后填写标准化筛选问卷并对比结果，从而得出骑行课对幸福感的影响。故选C项。 14．细节理解题。根据第四段的句子““Cycling uses many different parts of the brain as you need to see, hear, and stay balanced,” Reiss explains. “You also have to pay attention to where you’re going and make turns.” (赖斯解释说：‘骑自行车需要使用大脑的许多不同部位，因为你需要看、听和保持平衡。”“你还必须注意你要去的地方，并转弯。’)”可知，Dr. Allan Reiss解释，骑行需调动多种大脑功能，包括视觉、听觉、平衡、注意力等。选项B准确概括这一观点，其他选项（如提升社交技能、易学性）未被提及。故选B项。 15．推理判断题。根据最后一段的句子“And other parts of healthy living are also important, notes Walker. The study found that teenagers who spent more than two hours a day on screens, or who got less than the recommended 8.5 hours of sleep, saw less improvement in their well-being, she says. (Walker指出，健康生活的其他方面也很重要。她说，研究发现，每天花在屏幕上的时间超过两小时，或者睡眠时间少于建议的8.5小时的青少年，他们的幸福感改善幅度更小。)”可知，末段 Walker 指出：每天屏幕超两小时或睡眠不足 8.5 小时的青少年，幸福感改善幅度更小。由此推断，良好生活习惯对心理健康同样重要。故选D项。 话题5 医疗健康（人与社会） Passage 1 CAUSTON HEALTH CENTRE PATIENT INFORMATION LEAFLET Appointments Please telephone 826969 (8:30 am-5:00 pm: Mon-Fri). We suggest that you try to see the same doctor whenever possible because it is helpful for both you and your doctor to know each other well. We try hard to keep our appointments running to time, and ask you to be punctual to help us achieve this; if you cannot keep an appointment, please phone in and let us know as soon as possible so that it can be used for someone else. Please try to avoid evening appointments if possible. Each appointment is for one person only. Please ask for a longer appointment if you need more time. Centre Nurses Liz Stuart, Martina Scott, Megan Fox and Helen Stranger are available daily by appointment to help you with dressings, ear syringing, children’s immunizations, removal of stitches and blood tests. They will also advise on foreign travel and can administer various injections and blood pressure checks. For any over 75s unable to attend the clinic, Helen Stranger will make a home visit. All four Centre nurses are available during normal working hours to carry out health checks on patients who have been on doctors’ lists for 3 years. New Patients Within 3 months of registering with the Centre, new patients on regular medication are invited to attend a health check with their doctor. Other patients can arrange to be seen by one of the Centre nurses. Receptionists Our receptionists provide your primary point of contact—they are all very experienced and have a lot of basic information at their fingertips. They will be able to answer many of your initial queries and also act as a link with the rest of the team. They may request brief details of your symptoms or illness—this enables the doctors to assess the degree of urgency. 1．What are patients recommended to do when making an appointment? A．Make evening appointments to avoid crowds. B．Compare different doctors to find the best one. C．Email as soon as possible to cancel an appointment. D．See the doctor according to the appointed time. 2．Who should an 80-year-old call if he needs a home visit? A．Liz Stuart. B．Martina Scott. C．Helen Stranger. D．Megan Fox. 3．What can the receptionists do? A．Make doctors’ work more efficient. B．Administer blood pressure checks. C．Answer various medical questions. D．Help with child immunization. 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．A 【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主旨是介绍Causton Health Centre的患者信息和相关服务，旨在为患者提供关于该医疗中心的基本信息和操作指南，确保患者能够顺利获得所需的医疗服务。 1．细节理解题。根据Appointments部分的“We try hard to keep our appointments running to time, and ask you to be punctual to help us achieve this; if you cannot keep an appointment, please phone in and let us know as soon as possible so that it can be used for someone else.(我们努力使我们的约会准时进行，并要求您准时帮助我们实现这一目标；如果你不能赴约，请尽快打电话通知我们，以便为其他人使用。)”可知，在预约时，建议患者按照约定的时间去看医生。故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据Centre Nurses部分的“For any over 75s unable to attend the clinic, Helen Stranger will make a home visit.(对于任何75岁以上不能来诊所的人，海伦·斯特兰奇将进行家访。)”可知，如果一个80岁的老人需要家访，他应该找Helen Stranger。故选C。 3．推理判断题。根据Receptionists部分的“Our receptionists provide your primary point of contact—they are all very experienced and have a lot of basic information at their fingertips.  They will be able to answer many of your initial queries and also act as a link with the rest of the team.  They may request brief details of your symptoms or illness—this enables the doctors to assess the degree of urgency.(我们的接待人员是您的主要联络人，他们都非常有经验，对基本信息了如指掌。他们将能够回答你最初的许多问题，并充当与团队其他成员的联系。他们可能会询问你的症状或疾病的简短细节，这使医生能够评估紧急程度。)”可推知，接待员能提高医生的工作效率。故选A。 Passage 2 Soil as an Antidepressant: Fact or Fiction? Many gardening claims spread online, but one has become particularly popular: “Soil is an antidepressant.” According to this idea, supported through countless social media posts, Mycobacterium vaccae — a microbe (微生物) naturally found in soil — can actually boost your mood. All you apparently have to do to experience this benefit is get your hands in contact with earth. The bacteria are said to be absorbed through your skin or breathed in from the air, and they will quickly get to work transforming your brain chemistry for the better. But is all this a bit too good to be true? Although the claim may initially seem a little outlandish, there have actually been a range of studies investigating the effect of this microbe on a variety of conditions, from eczema to cancer. In fact, Mycobacterium vaccae was first extracted in soil samples from Uganda by scientists in order to find a harmless close cousin of the deadly Mycobacterium tuberculosis that could be used as a form of immunotherapy (免疫疗法). Scientists became more interested in its possible effects on depression when lung cancer patients receiving the bacteria reported feeling better overall. Several careful studies appeared to confirm these mood-improving effects, leading to widespread sharing of this information online. However, there’s an important limitation: all the studies specifically testing the depression theory were done on mice, not humans. In these experiments, researchers either injected (注射) the bacteria into the mice’s blood or added it to their food. This matters because results from animal studies often don’t work the same way in humans. For example, one analysis of 76 animal studies found that only 37% produced similar results when tried with people. Additionally, all the mice in these studies were males of the same special breed. The bacteria weren’t breathed in or absorbed through the skin — they were given in pure form directly into the body. As someone interested in how nature affects mental health, I’m excited to see what future research reveals. However, despite the confident claims online, we can only say that “soil is an antidepressant” if you’re a specific type of male mouse that has been injected with pure bacteria from soil — and since you’re reading this, I assume you’re not. 4．What does the underlined word “outlandish” most probably mean in paragraph 2? A．Popular and widely accepted. B．Strange and difficult to believe. C．Scientific and well-researched. D．Boring and complex to understand. 5．What was the original purpose of extracting Mycobacterium vaccae? A．To find a cure for depression B．To treat lung cancer patients. C．To develop a brand new gardening product. D．To create immunotherapy from a harmless bacterium. 6．What is the key limitation of the studies mentioned? A．They only involved human participants. B．They were conducted only on specific mice. C．They didn’t use purified forms of bacteria. D．They focused only on skin absorption. 7．What is the author’s attitude toward the “soil is an antidepressant” claim? A．Cautious. B．Disapproving. C．Supportive. D．Uninterested. 【答案】4．B 5．D 6．B 7．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要探讨“土壤是抗抑郁药”这一说法的真实性，分析相关微生物研究的情况及局限性。 4．词句猜测题。根据第二段中的“Although the claim may initially seem a little outlandish, there have actually been a range of studies investigating the effect of this microbe on a variety of conditions, from eczema to cancer.(尽管这种说法起初可能看起来有些outlandish，但实际上已经有一系列研究调查了这种微生物对从湿疹到癌症等多种疾病的影响。)”可知，前后句为转折关系，后半句提及有相关研究支撑，前半句应体现该说法看似不合理，因此猜测outlandish 意为 “奇怪且难以令人相信的”。故选B项。 5．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Mycobacterium vaccae was first extracted in soil samples from Uganda by scientists in order to find a harmless close cousin of the deadly Mycobacterium tuberculosis that could be used as a form of immunotherapy (免疫疗法).(科学家首次从乌干达的土壤样本中提取出母牛分枝杆菌，目的是寻找致命结核分枝杆菌的一种无害近亲，将其用作免疫疗法。)”可知，提取该微生物的最初目的是利用无害细菌研发免疫疗法。故选D项。 6．细节理解题。根据第三段中的“However, there’s an important limitation: all the studies specifically testing the depression theory were done on mice, not humans.(然而，有一个重要的限制：所有专门测试抑郁症理论的研究都是在老鼠身上进行的，而不是在人类身上。)”以及“Additionally, all the mice in these studies were males of the same special breed.(此外，这些研究中的所有老鼠都是同一特殊品种的雄性。)”可知，这些研究的关键局限性是仅在特定的老鼠身上进行。故选B项。 7．推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“As someone interested in how nature affects mental health, I’m excited to see what future research reveals. However, despite the confident claims online, we can only say that “soil is an antidepressant” if you’re a specific type of male mouse that has been injected with pure bacteria from soil.(作为一个对自然如何影响心理健康感兴趣的人，我很期待未来的研究能揭示什么。然而，尽管网上的说法言之凿凿，但我们只能说，只有当你是一种特定类型的、注射了土壤纯细菌的雄性老鼠时，“土壤是抗抑郁药”才成立。)”可知，作者既期待后续研究，又明确指出当前说法的局限性，态度较为谨慎。故选A项。 Passage 3 In the mid-19th century, a simple operation could often be a death sentence. Even if a patient survived the surgeon’s knife, they frequently fell victim to deadly infections (感染) afterwards. Hospitals were filled with the smell of decay (腐烂), and surgeons saw infection as an unavoidable part of surgery. Joseph Lister, a British surgeon, was deeply troubled by the high death rates from post-surgical infections. He refused to accept that they were inevitable. While studying wound inflammation, he learned about the work of Louis Pasteur, who proposed that germs (tiny, invisible organisms) caused decay and disease. This was a revolutionary idea at the time. Lister made a brilliant connection. He reasoned that if germs in the air were causing wounds to decay, then the solution was to kill these germs before they could enter the wound. He began experimenting with carbolic acid, a chemical used to treat waste water. He developed a system where he would spray a fine mist of carbolic acid in the air around the operating area, clean surgical tools with it, and soak wound dressings in it. The results were dramatic. The death rate from infection following his surgeries plummeted. Despite his success, Lister faced significant resistance from the medical community. Many senior surgeons believed that Lister was accusing them of being dirty. They were unwilling to change their old ways. However, Lister persisted, patiently publishing his findings and demonstrating his methods. Gradually, as other surgeons adopted his antiseptic techniques, the evidence became undeniable. Surgery was transformed. Lister’s principles of killing germs to prevent infection laid the foundation for modern antiseptic surgery. His work, built on Pasteur’s germ theory, saved countless lives and forever changed the course of medicine, turning surgery from a dreaded last resort into a safe, life-saving practice. 8．What was the common belief about infections in surgery before Lister’s time? A．They were caused by dirty surgical tools. B．They were an unavoidable part of surgery. C．They could be easily treated with chemicals. D．They only happened in unclean hospitals. 9．What was the key idea from Louis Pasteur that inspired Lister? A．The importance of washing hands. B．The use of carbolic acid for cleaning. C．The germ theory of disease. D．The method of spraying chemicals in the air. 10．The word “plummeted” in Paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to . A．increased slightly B．remained stable C．rose dramatically D．fell sharply 11．The most appropriate title for the passage would be . A．The Discovery of Germ Theory B．The Life Story of a Great Surgeon C．The Use of Carbolic Acid in Medicine D．The Man Who Conquered Surgical Infection 【答案】8．B 9．C 10．D 11．D 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了19世纪中期，手术后的感染常常导致死亡，而约瑟夫·李斯特经过研究，创造了一种杀菌方法，大大降低了感染致死率。 8．细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Hospitals were filled with the smell of decay (腐烂), and surgeons saw infection as an unavoidable part of surgery.(医院里弥漫着腐烂的气味，外科医生认为感染是手术中不可避免的一部分)”可知，在约瑟夫·李斯特发明杀菌方法之前，外科医生认为感染是手术不可避免的一部分。故选B。 9．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“While studying wound inflammation, he learned about the work of Louis Pasteur, who proposed that germs (tiny, invisible organisms) caused decay and disease.(在研究伤口炎症时，他了解了路易斯·巴斯德的作品，巴斯德提出细菌（微小的、看不见的生物）会导致腐烂和疾病)”和第三段中的“Lister made a brilliant connection. He reasoned that if germs in the air were causing wounds to decay, then the solution was to kill these germs before they could enter the wound.(李斯特建立了一个绝妙的联系。他推断，如果空气中的细菌导致伤口腐烂，那么解决方案就是在这些细菌进入伤口之前杀死它们)”可知，巴斯德提出的细菌会导致腐烂和疾病这一理论给了李斯特启发。故选C。 10．词句猜测题。根据划线词前文“He developed a system where he would spray a fine mist of carbolic acid in the air around the operating area, clean surgical tools with it, and soak wound dressings in it. The results were dramatic.(他开发了一种系统，在手术区域周围的空气中喷洒石炭酸细雾，用它清洁手术工具，并将伤口敷料浸入其中。结果非常显著)”可知，使用了他的杀菌方法，结果非常显著，由此可推测，感染致死率应该是显著下降了，plummet意为“暴跌”，与D项“剧烈下降”意思一致。故选D。 11．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第二段中的“Joseph Lister, a British surgeon, was deeply troubled by the high death rates from post-surgical infections. He refused to accept that they were inevitable.(英国外科医生约瑟夫·李斯特对术后感染的高死亡率深感不安。他拒绝承认这是不可避免的)”和最后一段中的“His work, built on Pasteur’s germ theory, saved countless lives and forever changed the course of medicine, turning surgery from a dreaded last resort into a safe, life-saving practice.(他的工作建立在巴斯德的细菌理论之上，挽救了无数人的生命，永远改变了医学的进程，将手术从可怕的最后手段转变为安全、挽救生命的做法)”可知，本文主要讲述了李斯特攻克手术感染的故事，他受巴斯德启发，创新消毒技术，克服阻力并最终改变医学。由此可知，D项“攻克手术感染的人”最适合作本文标题。故选D。 Passage 4 During the days when her six-year-old son, Luca, was receiving treatment for leukemia — a type of cancer — Meagan Brazil-Sheehan and her son encountered Robin in the hallway of UMass Memorial Children’s Medical Center. “Luca, how are you?” Robin greeted in a childlike voice. “It’s been a while.” Although they had met only once before, Luca’s face lit up when Robin remembered him — a moment his mother described as “so special”. Robin is an AI-powered robot designed to offer emotional support in children’s hospitals and nursing homes. Standing four feet tall with a screen displaying cartoon-like features, it is programmed to behave like a young girl. Developed by Expper Technologies, Robin now operates in 30 healthcare facilities across the United States, helping address staffing shortages. Karen Khachikyan, the company’s CEO, explained that overworked medical staff often lack time to provide meaningful engagement, a gap Robin helps fill. While Robin is around 30% autonomous, a remote team of operators controls the rest of its functions under clinical supervision (监督). Each interaction — conducted in accordance with privacy laws — helps gather data that brings the robot closer to full autonomy. Khachikyan described Robin as an emotionally intelligent companion similar to WALL-E. At HealthBridge Children’s Hospital in California, Robin plays a teenager’s favorite song, wears funny glasses to make a child laugh, or plays simple games. According to staff, patients respond joyfully when Robin recalls their names and preferences. The robot mirrors emotions — laughing when a patient laughs or showing understanding during the patients’ difficult moments. In nursing homes, Robin assists dementia patients with memory games and breathing exercises, offering companionship similar to that of a grandchild with a grandparent. Robin’s development began when Khachikyan, who experienced loneliness growing up, dreamed of a robot companion. After the robot was tested in different fields, an investor suggested hospitals for young patients — an “aha moment” that led to a successful first project at a children’s hospital in Armenia and later at UCLA． Looking ahead, Expper Technologies aims to expand Robin’s capabilities, such as measuring patients’ vitals and assisting the elderly with daily tasks like changing clothes. However, Khachikyan emphasized that Robin is meant to support healthcare workers rather than replace them. 12．What can be concluded about Luca? A．He dislikes Robin’s voice. B．He feels happy to hear Robin’s greeting. C．He forgets Robin completely. D．He fears Robin’s appearance. 13．What does Robin do at HealthBridge Children’s Hospital? A．It organizes medical training. B．It handles the hospital’s financial affairs. C．It treats children with leukemia. D．It provides emotional interactions. 14．What can we learn about Robin from the text? A．It targeted doctors in hospitals. B．It failed before being tested in Armenia. C．It came after a patient’s suggestion. D．It was inspired by Khachikyan’s childhood. 15．What is the best title for the text? A．AI Robot Robin Aids Healthcare B．Staff Shortages in Hospitals C．Luca Fights Against Leukemia D．Robin’s Design by Expper Technologies 【答案】12．B 13．D 14．D 15．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍Expper Technologies研发的AI机器人Robin，其在医院和养老院提供情感支持、辅助医疗等服务，旨在填补医护人员缺口，而非取代他们。 12．推理判断题。根据第一段中的““Luca, how are you?” Robin greeted in a childlike voice. “It’s been a while.” Although they had met only once before, Luca’s face lit up when Robin remembered him — a moment his mother described as “so special”. (“卢卡，你好吗？”Robin用孩子气的声音打招呼。“有一阵子没见了。”尽管他们以前只见过一次，但当Robin记得他时，卢卡的脸亮了起来——他的母亲称这一刻“非常特别”。)”可知，卢卡听到Robin的问候后面露喜色，说明他对此感到开心。故选B项。 13．细节理解题。根据第四段中的“At HealthBridge Children’s Hospital in California, Robin plays a teenager’s favorite song, wears funny glasses to make a child laugh, or plays simple games. According to staff, patients respond joyfully when Robin recalls their names and preferences. (在加利福尼亚州的健康桥儿童医院，Robin会播放青少年喜欢的歌曲，戴上滑稽的眼镜让孩子笑，或者玩简单的游戏。工作人员表示，当Robin回忆起病人的名字和喜好时，病人会开心地回应。)”可知，Robin在该医院通过播放歌曲、玩游戏、模仿情绪等方式与患者进行情感互动。故选D项。 14．细节理解题。根据第五段中的“Robin’s development began when Khachikyan, who experienced loneliness growing up, dreamed of a robot companion.(Robin的研发始于哈奇基扬，他在成长过程中经历了孤独，梦想有一个机器人伙伴。)”可知，Robin的研发灵感来源于哈奇基扬的童年经历。故选D项。 15．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第二段中的“Robin is an AI-powered robot designed to offer emotional support in children’s hospitals and nursing homes. Standing four feet tall with a screen displaying cartoon-like features, it is programmed to behave like a young girl. Developed by Expper Technologies, Robin now operates in 30 healthcare facilities across the United States, helping address staffing shortages. (Robin是一款人工智能驱动的机器人，旨在为儿童医院和养老院提供情感支持。它身高四英尺，配备一块显示卡通风格五官的屏幕，程序设定其行为举止如同一位小女孩。该机器人由埃克斯珀科技公司研发，目前已在美国 30 家医疗保健机构投入使用，助力缓解人员短缺问题。)”可知，文章围绕AI机器人Robin在医疗健康领域的辅助作用展开，包括提供情感支持、填补人员缺口等，因此“AI机器人Robin助力医疗健康”最能概括全文主旨，适合作为最佳标题。故选A项。 话题6 科学技术（人与社会） Passage 1 Engage students with science with these exciting and entertaining experiments! Students will love exploring while also gaining invaluable experience by designing and conducting experiments. Sunscreen Experiment Kids often don’t enjoy being told they need sunscreen, so showing its power through demonstration can help them see its value. This science fair project uses simple white beads (珠子) that change color when exposed to UV rays (紫外线) so children can compare the effectiveness of different sunscreen products. Start this experiment by applying some of each sunscreen type on paper and placing both pieces of paper in direct sunlight for several hours. Sundial (日晷) Experiment Using a sundial to tell time is a fascinating science activity that helps students gain knowledge of shadows and the movement of sunlight across the sky. Through this hands-on experiment, students gain an opportunity to see how people in previous times knew time without clocks or watches. Start this experiment by asking students to identify an outdoor spot that receives sunlight all day, placing a flat board there, tracing the shadows onto it and noting where the shadows will fall at certain points of the day. Mineral Experiment Students learn to identify rocks and minerals through this simple experiment. They use a plate to test the hardness of various common minerals. They also observe how these minerals form crystals (晶体) and how they break apart differently from others. This lesson helps students understand the characteristics and uses of different minerals. Students can even form “companies” and compete to mine different types of rocks with specific features. 1．What is the main purpose of using beads in the sunscreen experiment? A．To compare the prices of sunscreen. B．To show the effectiveness of sunscreen. C．To analyze the impact of sunscreen on skin. D．To demonstrate chemical reactions in sunscreen. 2．How do students begin the sundial experiment? A．By building a sundial from beginning. B．By comparing different types of sundials. C．By measuring the length of their shadows. D．By identifying a sunny spot and using a flat board. 3．What does the mineral experiment allow students to do? A．Observe crystal formation. B．Learn geological history. C．Sell rocks they mine. D．Form companies. 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．A 【导语】本文是应用文。文章介绍了几个适合学生做的科学实验。 1．细节理解题。根据Sunscreen Experiment下的“This science fair project uses simple white beads (珠子) that change color when exposed to UV rays (紫外线) so children can compare the effectiveness of different sunscreen products.(这个科学展览项目使用简单的白色珠子，当暴露在紫外线下时会改变颜色，这样孩子们就可以比较不同防晒产品的效果)”可知，在防晒实验中使用珠子的主要目的是来展示防晒霜的功效。故选B项。 2．细节理解题。根据Sundial (日晷) Experiment下的“Start this experiment by asking students to identify an outdoor spot that receives sunlight all day, placing a flat board there, tracing the shadows onto it and noting where the shadows will fall at certain points of the day.(实验开始时，让学生们找出一个整天都能接受阳光的户外地点，在那里放一块平板，在上面画出阴影，并注意到阴影在一天中的特定时间会落在哪里)”可知，学生找一个阳光充足的地方，用一块平板来开始日晷实验。故选D项。 3．细节理解题。根据Mineral Experiment下的“They also observe how these minerals form crystals (晶体) and how they break apart differently from others.(他们还观察这些矿物质是如何形成晶体的，以及它们是如何以不同的方式分裂的)”可知，Mineral Experiment允许学生观察晶体形成。故选A项。 Passage 2 About a year ago, my partner and I got a little black and white cat. We called her Hashtag and a parental instinct (本能) in my body kicked in. If I don’t see Hashtag for a while, I worry that something terrible has happened to her. Thus, I bought a tiny tracker made by a company called Tile, which attaches to her collar. It meant that even if I can’t see her. I can pull out my phone and connect to Tile using Bluetooth. If the connection is made successfully, it means that she must be nearby. But there was still a problem: what if Hashtag were to get out of the house and run further away? Bluetooth range only extends to around ten meters, so any further and her location would be a mystery. This is why I was delighted when earlier this year Apple released the AirTag, its own Bluetooth tracker. AirTags work the same way as Tile. But Apple has added a twist: instead of just using your own iPhone to look for your own trackers, every iPhone in the world works together to find tracking tags (跟踪器). This means even if you personally aren’t in range of your AirTag, as long as there’s an iPhone nearby, you can see updates on where it is-and more importantly, where your cat, keys, or whatever you have attached to it are. As you can probably tell, I find this new technology strangely mind-blowing, Apple has created an entirely new, massive network of physical objects that covers pretty much the entire world. And, slightly scanty, it is only possible because there are a billion iPhones out there. Though Samsung has announced a similar tracking product that uses its phones, it won’t have the same reach as Apple’s network in the short term. In the not-too-distant future, it’ll be the case that everything we buy of certain value that we might lose will have an AirTag built in. Your headphones, your fancy camera, your suitcase, and so on. So, if Hashtag ever does escape, then at least I can invite the entire world to help look for her. 4．How does the author express her affection for Hashtag? A．By giving it a nickname. B．By detailing her caring acts. C．By telling a specific story. D．By using a comparison. 5．According to the author, in what way is the AirTag better than the tiny tracker by Tile? A．Every iPhone is uniquely connected to its AirTag. B．Apple provides better customer services than Tile. C．iPhones throughout the world can help track tags. D．An AirTag covers larger range than its opponents. 6．Which of the following statements is true? A．AirTag’s success is quite difficult to copy. B．Samsung has posed much challenge to Apple. C．It’s a long way before AirTag gains popularity. D．Overuse of AirTags makes a mess of our life. 7．What is probably the best title for the passage? A．Lost and found. B．Say no to trackers. C．No worries for pets. D．To track or to follow. 【答案】4．C 5．C 6．A 7．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了作者为防止宠物猫走失而使用的追踪设备，并重点介绍了苹果AirTag的优点和功能。 4．细节理解题。根据第一段“If I don’t see Hashtag for a while, I worry that something terrible has happened to her. (如果我一会儿没看到 Hashtag，就会担心她发生了可怕的事)”和第二段“Thus, I bought a tiny tracker made by a company called Tile, which attaches to her collar. It meant that even if I can’t see her. I can pull out my phone and connect to Tile using Bluetooth. If the connection is made successfully, it means that she must be nearby. (因此，我买了一个由一家名为Tile的公司制造的微型追踪器，它附着在她的衣领上。这意味着即使我看不见她。我可以拿出手机，使用蓝牙连接到Tile。如果连接成功，则说明她一定在附近)”可知，作者通过讲述一个具体的小故事来说明自己对猫咪的喜爱，一刻都离不开，生怕丢了。故选C项。 5．细节理解题。根据第四段“But Apple has added a twist: instead of just using your own iPhone to look for your own trackers, every iPhone in the world works together to find tracking tags. (但苹果增加了一个创新点：并非只能用自己的 iPhone 寻找追踪器，全球所有的 iPhone 都会协同工作来查找追踪标签)”可知，AirTag的优势在于全球iPhone可协助追踪。故选C项。 6．细节理解题。根据第五段“Though Samsung has announced a similar tracking product that uses its phones, it won’t have the same reach as Apple’s network in the short term. (尽管三星已宣布推出一款使用其手机的类似追踪产品，但短期内其覆盖范围无法与苹果的网络相媲美)”可知，AirTag的成功难以复制，这一表述正确。故选A项。 7．主旨大意题。文章围绕作者为猫咪选择追踪器展开，介绍了Tile和AirTag的功能差异，核心是“追踪”技术解决物品或宠物丢失问题，“Lost and found. (失物招领)”既贴合主题又简洁凝练，适合作为文章标题。故选A项。 Passage 3 A 14-year study of over 90, 000 adults presented at the European Society of Cardiology Congress has revealed that “catch-up sleep” on weekends can reduce heart disease risk by up to 20%. The research, led by cardiovascular (心血管的) scientists from China’s Fuwai Hospital, tracked participants through the UK Biobank and found that those who got the most compensate (补偿的) weekend sleep were 19% less likely to develop heart disease compared to those who maintained consistent but insufficient sleep schedules. The protective effect was most dramatic for the 20% of participants classified as sleep-deprived— those getting fewer than seven hours nightly during weekdays. A separate NHANES study of 3, 400 Americans confirmed these findings, showing that weekend catch-up sleep duration of more than 2 hours was strongly associated with reduced cardiovascular disease prevalence when weekday sleep fell below six hours. But here’s what makes this discovery revolutionary: it directly challenges decades of sleep medicine orthodoxy (正统观念). While experts have long emphasized maintaining regular sleep to maintain circadian rhythms (昼夜节律), this research suggests that for individuals suffering from long-term lack of sleep, sleeping in on weekends may be more protective than maintaining a regular but insufficient sleep pattern. The study found specific reductions in stroke (中风) and coronary heart disease among weekend sleepers. Dr. Jim Liu from Ohio State University’s Wexner Medical Center explains the mechanism: “Insufficient sleep can increase the risk of developing hypertension, obesity, arrhythmias, and coronary artery disease. On the other hand, making up for lost sleep can reduce such risks.” The American Heart Association now considers sleep one of the core components of heart health, ranking it alongside diet, exercise, and smoking cessation. With one in three American adults reporting insufficient daily sleep, this research suggests that weekend recovery sleep might serve as a crucial cardiac safety net for millions of people who are always tired. 8．Which group can benefit most from weekend catch-up sleep? A．People who sleep 8 hours every night. B．People who sleep less than 7 hours on weekdays. C．People who maintain a regular sleep schedule. D．People who often feel sleepy on weekdays. 9．What does the underlined word “prevalence” in Paragraph 4 mean? A．Occurrence. B．Treatment. C．Prevention. D．Cure. 10．What is Jim Liu’s attitude towards the research results? A．Favourable. B．Doubtful. C．Negative. D．Unconcerned. 11．What is the main idea of the text? A．Americans need to sleep more on weekends. B．Long-term lack of sleep causes many diseases. C．Sleep medicine experts should change their advice. D．Weekend catch-up sleep can reduce heart disease risk. 【答案】8．B 9．A 10．A 11．D 【导语】这是一篇说明文。两项研究证实，周末补觉可降低心脏病等心血管疾病风险，对工作日睡眠不足者保护作用显著，为睡眠不足人群提供心脏健康保障。 8．细节理解题。根据第三段“The protective effect was most dramatic for the 20% of participants classified as sleep-deprived—those getting fewer than seven hours nightly during weekdays. (这种保护作用在20%被归类为睡眠不足的参与者中最为显著 —— 这些人工作日每晚睡眠不足7小时。)”可知，工作日睡眠不足7小时的人从周末补觉中获益最多。故选B项。 9．词句猜测题。根据第四段“A separate NHANES study of 3,400 Americans confirmed these findings, showing that weekend catch-up sleep duration of more than 2 hours was strongly associated with reduced cardiovascular disease prevalence when weekday sleep fell below six hours. (另一项针对3400名美国人的NHANES研究证实了这些发现，表明当工作日睡眠不足6小时时，周末补觉超过2小时与心血管疾病患病prevalence的降低密切相关。)” 可知，“周末补觉超过2小时”与“reduced cardiovascular disease prevalence”存在“密切相关”的关系，结合前文“降低疾病风险”的核心观点，可推断“reduced prevalence”对应“疾病发生概率降低”。故选A项。 10．推理判断题。根据第六段“Dr. Jim Liu from Ohio State University’s Wexner Medical Center explains the mechanism: “Insufficient sleep can increase the risk of developing hypertension, obesity, arrhythmias, and coronary artery disease. On the other hand, making up for lost sleep can reduce such risks.”(俄亥俄州立大学韦克斯纳医学中心的吉姆・刘博士解释了这一机制：“睡眠不足会增加患高血压、肥胖症、心律失常和冠心病的风险。另一方面，补觉可以降低这些风险。”)”可知，吉姆・刘博士通过解释补觉降低患病风险的机制，支持该研究结果，态度是赞同的。故选A项。 11．主旨大意题。根据第一段“A 14-year study of over 90,000 adults presented at the European Society of Cardiology Congress has revealed that “catch-up sleep” on weekends can reduce heart disease risk by up to 20%.(一项为期14年、涉及9万多名成年人的研究在欧洲心脏病学会大会上公布，周末“补觉”可以将心脏病风险降低高达20%。)”及全文围绕该研究展开的验证、机制解释可知，文章核心是“周末补觉能降低心脏病风险”。故选D项。 Passage 4 Modern cars are no longer just transport machines — they are essentially smartphones on wheels. For drivers, this brings convenience: automatic braking, GPS, entertainment, and more. Yet carmakers gain something even more valuable — data. Today’s vehicles constantly record weight, speed, routes, and even contacts when phones are connected. This raises a crucial question: who owns and controls this data, and how is it used? The answer remains unclear. Most owners unknowingly give up rights through fine-print sentences in purchase contracts (合同). Like smartphones, cars collect user data, but few drivers realize it. With phones, we trade privacy for convenience consciously; with cars, that trade occurs without awareness. What follows is equally concerning. Carmakers claim data boost safety and performance, yet they can sell it to third parties like insurance companies. Driving behavior — speed, braking, seatbelt use — can all be monetized (获利). Unlike phones where you can turn off location data, there’s no option to quit for your car. Data also lets carmakers remind owners about repairs or maintenance. But this control gives them another edge — deciding who can access that information. For decades, drivers could choose any trusted mechanic. Now, data-driven cars may limit access to manufacturer (制造商) networks, putting independent repair shops, which are often cheaper and convenient, at a disadvantage. This reveals a new side of the privacy debate. We fear data being shared with strangers, but what about when it’s withheld from those we trust? Imagine a doctor unable to access your medical records without paying a fee. Similarly, carmakers could charge independent repair shops for vehicle data. That expense will lead to vehicle owners’ paying higher repair prices just so that technicians can obtain the data. The solution is simple. The idea that drivers don’t control their own data flies in the face of what consumers want, as nearly 90% of consumers expect. While digital technology makes driving safer and smarter, the enormous value of vehicle data gives manufacturers little reason to release control. Policymakers must act to protect drivers’ rights and maintain their freedom to choose who fixes their cars. 12．According to paragraph 2, why do most car owners lose control of their data? A．They fail to turn off the location data of cars. B．They rarely read the fine print in purchase contracts. C．They willingly exchange privacy for modern convenience. D．They are unaware that their vehicles collect user information. 13．How will car data control probably influence independent repair shops? A．They will no longer be trusted due to lack of data. B．They may have to pay additional cost to access data. C．They can win customers’ favor with lower repair prices. D．They need to provide medical records to prove reliability. 14．Which of the following best describes the author’s attitude toward car data collection? A．Critical. B．Cautious. C．Neutral. D．Approving. 15．What is the main purpose of the passage? A．To argue that carmakers should share repair data. B．To highlight privacy and control issues of car data. C．To explain modern car functions and driving experience. D．To demonstrate how carmakers profit from drivers’ data 【答案】12．D 13．B 14．A 15．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章指出现代汽车收集大量用户数据，但车主往往不知情且失去控制权，可能被制造商用于盈利或限制独立维修。作者认为这引发隐私和控制权争议，呼吁政策干预以保护车主权益。 12．细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的“Most owners unknowingly give up rights through fine-print sentences in purchase contracts$