[课后分层练18]-【正禾一本通】2025-2026学年高二英语选择性必修2同步课堂高效讲义配套练习（外研版）

[课后分层练18] (时间：45分钟　满分：78．5分) Ⅰ．单词拼写(每小题1分，共8分) 1．Most people would agree that nuclear (核能的) science should be developed to benefit the human beings． 2．The astronauts (宇航员) were so struck by the beauty of nature that they took lots of pictures in space． 3．Suddenly, Ziyad let out a sharp cry．Within seconds, he'd slid down the trunk (树干) and was back on the ground． 4．The satellite, launched last month, orbits (环绕) Earth every 90 minutes． 5．Mary had struggled for months to find a job, and finally took a position at a local advertising agency (机构)． 6．In view of the rainy weather, the event will now be held indoors (在室内)． 7．The fierce (极端的) heatwave that hit the region last summer damaged crops, leading to serious loss． 8．Solar energy is a kind of clean fuel (燃料) that can be used to generate electricity． Ⅱ．单句语法填空(每小题1分，共8分) 1．Being exposed to sunlight for too much time will do harm to one's skin, so we should decrease the direct exposure to sunlight．(expose) 2．Experts advise consumers not to buy more groceries until they've already been consumed．This is called rational consumption．(consume) 3．Watching the terrifying horror movie alone left her terrified and unable to sleep for days．(terrify) 4．She's studying for her exams, and in the meantime, her friends are planning a surprise party for her． 5．Every monthly (month) exam helps us review what we've learned and see where we need to improve． 6．With the help of advanced (advance) technology, our school has introduced online learning platforms． 7．The hurricane wiped out the entire coastal village, leaving nothing but ruins behind． 8．She has learned to cope with her anxiety by participating in various entertaining activities． Ⅲ．完成句子(每小题2分，共10分) 1．我的梦想是成为一名医生。通过帮助有需要的人，我想真正改变人们的生活。 My dream is to become a doctor．By helping those in need, I can make a real difference in people's lives．(动词不定式作表语) 2．我高中英语老师的教学方法和我初中英语老师的教学方法截然不同。 The teaching method of my Senior English teacher is quite different from that of my Junior English teacher．(that用作替代词) 3．毫无疑问，学习一门新语言可能会很有挑战性，但也很值得。 There is no doubt that learning a new language can be challenging but rewarding．(that引导同位语从句) 4．她喜欢旅行和探索新文化，而她的丈夫则更喜欢待在家里。 She loves to travel and explore new cultures，while her husband prefers to stay at home．(while 连词，意为“而，然而”) 5．虽然理解中国诗歌有点困难，但读它们还是很有趣的。 Even though it is a little bit difficult to understand Chinese poems, it is interesting to read them．(Even though引导让步状语从句) Ⅳ．课文语法填空(每空1．5分，共15分) Today, environmental problems have become the 1greatest (great) risk to life on Earth．Scientists are thinking of ways 2to lower (lower) this risk, but they are also preparing for the worst．One option is 3to explore (explore) other planets to see if we could live on them．The most likely choice is Mars, which is 4relatively (relative) close to Earth and has an environment less hostile than that of other planets．Mars 5has fascinated (fascinate) people since ancient times, and today our interest in Martian exploration is greater than ever before．Since 6the 1960s, we have been sending unmanned spacecraft to Mars．7Encouraged (encourage) by discoveries over the years, space agencies of various countries are planning manned missions to Mars 8that/which could take place within the next 25 years． There is no doubt that humankind is drawn towards Mars, with dreams of making it our second home．However, 9sending (send) people there will require all the skill, courage and 10intelligence (intelligent) of the human race． For now, human settlement of Mars is still decades away．Until we are finally able to live on another planet, we need to take much better care of our own． Ⅰ．阅读理解(每小题2．5分，共10分) (2025山东济南高二上期末)For decades, Jean Moffatt has been reaching out over the airwaves．As an amateur radio operator, Moffatt has connected with people worldwide．“By sending signals to satellites, I've talked to people from the Arctic to the Antarctic，” Moffatt said．And on Wednesday at the Ontario Science Centre, the 96­year­old got to go even further． An amateur radio connection allowed the senior students to speak with Commander Luca aboard the International Space Station．By connection, Moffatt told the astronaut she was very excited, admitting that this was a bucket­list wish she had for many years．Then Moffatt asked if Luca could keep the space station clean and tidy, adding that as a “mature woman” she had done lots of cleaning in her life． When Moffatt was a young girl, she moved to Toronto with her family, hoping there would be chances for a girl interested in science．She desperately wanted to go to university, but moving house placed a significant burden on their finances．Not discouraged, she took a course in amateur radio, then a popular technology, and shortly after she got her licence．After retiring, Moffatt started volunteering at the Ontario Science Center．Armed with her radio licence, she helped set up the center's first radio shack (无线电设备室)． The idea to connect with the International Space Station came just after Moffatt's 36th birthday．Finally after 60 years with the help of amateur radio operators and NASA, Moffatt made her connection．While the connection wasn't very clear, she was moved to tears, telling those who had gathered to watch that it was the “highlight” of her life． Moffatt plans to keep volunteering at the center, introducing younger people to the older form of technology, and to keep speaking to anyone who can pick up her signal．“It's a technology even older than me and I love amateur radio，” Moffatt added． [语篇解读]本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了96岁的业余无线电爱好者Jean Moffatt通过无线电与国际空间站实现通话，达成毕生梦想的故事。 1．What can we learn about Moffatt from the first two paragraphs? A．She attempted an Internet talk． B．She was an environmentalist． C．She was into space exploration． D．She achieved a lifetime goal． 解析：选D。推理判断题。根据第一段和第二段的内容可知，Moffatt通过业余无线电与世界各地的人联系，并且在96岁时通过业余无线电与国际空间站的宇航员进行了对话，这是她多年来的愿望。通过前两段我们可以了解到Moffatt实现了毕生的梦想。故选D。 2．Why did Moffatt and her family move to Toronto? A．To pursue a radio licence． B．To seek better opportunities． C．To attend a radio school． D．To survive financial troubles． 解析：选B。细节理解题。根据第三段第一句话 “When Moffatt was a young girl, she moved to Toronto with her family, hoping there would be chances for a girl interested in science．”可知，Moffatt和她的家人搬到多伦多是为了寻求更好的机会。故选B。 3．What does Moffatt plan to do further? A．Promote radio communication． B．Continue her passion for radio． C．Start her radio shack business． D．Acquire new scientific ability． 解析：选B。细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Moffatt plans to keep volunteering at the center, introducing younger people to the older form of technology, and to keep speaking to anyone who can pick up her signal．”可知，Moffatt将继续她对无线电的热情。故选B。 4．Which of the following can best describe Moffatt? A．Creative and ambitious． B．Out­spoken and energetic． C．Passionate and determined． D．Broad­minded and generous． 解析：选C。推理判断题。Moffatt从小就对科学感兴趣，尽管经济困难，她没有放弃，而是学习无线电技术并获得了执照。退休后，她继续在科学中心做志愿者，并且实现了与国际空间站通话的梦想。这些都表明她是一个充满热情且有决心的人。故选C。 Ⅱ．阅读七选五(每小题2．5分，共12．5分) (2025·湖北部分高中高二上期末)There's one thing for certain—we're all getting older．And while the older among us may be no spring chickens any more, growing old gracefully is no bad thing．1( ) However, as the world population ages, will there be enough people to replace our younger selves? A situation where there are more old people than young certainly has an effect on the world．2( ) According to it, globally the number of people over 65 years old will triple (增至三倍) by 2050, greatly changing some countries' demographic make­up (人口组成)． This growing and dependent population means that there is an increased demand for health and social care．Governments will struggle to provide satisfactory pensions (养老金), which are ultimately funded by taxes paid by the working population．And long­term, a smaller population of economically­active people may be a problem for companies trying to employ staff． 3( ) The Pew Research Center survey found that 87% of Japanese people were most concerned about it, while only 26% of people from the USA were anxious about it．Here, immigration is helping to boost the younger workforce．Some countries thought the elderly should take care of themselves, while others thought it was the responsibility of the family．Many thought the government should be responsible． But old age shouldn't just be seen negatively．4( ) Some have wealth which they can spend helping the economy．Some have the passion to help society by doing voluntary or charity work．5( ) These include increasing the retirement age, encouraging people to save for the future, persuading skilled and educated migrants to fill labour shortages, or even convincing people to have more children． A．A report was made by the Pew Research Center． B．Of course, solutions are needed to solve the issue． C．Therefore, an ageing population leads to improvements that benefit all age groups． D．Elderly people have knowledge and experience they can pass on． E．With age comes wisdom． F．Attitudes to an ageing population vary around the world． G．The ageing population presents an opportunity for economic diversification (多元化)． [语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了人口老龄化这一现象以及其带来的好处和挑战。 1．解析：选E。根据上文“And while the older among us may be no spring chickens any more, growing old gracefully is no bad thing．”以及下文“However, as the world population ages, will there be enough people to replace our younger selves？”可以推断出此处需要一个承上启下的句子。E项“随着年龄的增长而来的是智慧。”既总结了上文的观点，又引出了下文关于人口老龄化的讨论。故选E。 2．解析：选A。下文提到“According to it．．．”，这里的 “it”显然是指某个报告或研究。A项“皮尤研究中心做了一个报告。”符合语境，说明了信息的来源。故选A。 3．解析：选F。下文提到皮尤研究中心的调查结果显示不同国家对人口老龄化的担忧程度不同。F项“对老龄化人口的态度因国家而异。”概括了这一内容，为下文的具体数据提供了铺垫。故选F。 4．解析：选D。上文提到老年人不应该只被看作是负面的。而下文则列举了一些老年人可以做出的积极贡献。D项“老年人有他们可以传授的知识和经验。”连接了这两部分内容，说明了老年人有其独特的价值和作用。故选D。 5．解析：选B。下文列举了一些解决人口老龄化问题的方案，如提高退休年龄、鼓励储蓄等。B项“当然，需要解决方案来解决这个问题。”引出了这些方案，表明作者已经认识到问题的严重性，并提出了相应的解决思路。故选B。 Ⅲ．完形填空(每小题1分，共15分) (2025·福建厦门外国语学校高二上期中)Green design is the creation of energy­efficient buildings which are flexible and designed for long life．It should have a minimal 1 on the environment, both in terms of products and materials 2 in the construction and in the functionality of the building． A sustainable design should always 3 to merge (融合) together 4 outcomes throughout the whole life­cycle of the building．If a building can adapt over generations and still remain environmentally friendly, it is truly 5 ．This is what is at the 6 of sustainable design, the ability to 7 changes through time． Designing for the future is a key part of design, and is of particular importance in green design．How the space will 8 for its original purpose and how it could be used in the future are equally essential to this 9 ． What's more, sustainable building considers whether a space can be used for 10 purposes at different periods during its lifetime．Meanwhile, factors such as how easy the space can be 11 and retrofitted (翻新), and 12 the impact the building will have on the environment will make it more sustainable． Green design can often be viewed as a(n) 13 concept, but it is actually simple．It means creating products that last longer and use 14 resources in order to help us create a more sustainable world for future generations．Green design is 15 for society, businesses and the environment． [语篇解读] 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了绿色设计(可持续设计)的理念，包括其含义、重点，以及它对社会、企业和环境的意义。 1． A．balance B．focus C．investment D．impact 解析：选D。绿色设计理念应该对环境产生最小的影响(impact)。故选D。 2． A．wasted B．collected C．used D．distributed 解析：选C。无论是在建筑中使用(used)的产品和材料方面，还是在建筑的功能方面。故选C。 3． A．happen B．seek C．refuse D．pretend 解析：选B。可持续设计应该在建筑的整个生命周期中始终寻求(seek)将环境优先的结果融合在一起。故选B。 4． A．user­oriented B．financially­supported C．environmentally­preferred D．data­based 解析：选C。可持续设计理念是指对环境产生最小的影响，故其应该在建筑的整个生命周期中始终寻求将环境优先的(environmentally­preferred)结果融合在一起。故选C。 5． A．sustainable B．popular C．attractive D．different 解析：选A。如果一座建筑能够经过几代人的改造而仍然保持环保，那么它就是真正的可持续(sustainable)建筑。故选A。 6． A．expense B．risk C．crossroads D．core 解析：选D。这就是可持续设计的核心(core)，随着时间的推移而适应变化的能力。故选D。 7． A．adjust to B．refer to C．stick to D．contribute to 解析：选A。那么它就是真正的可持续建筑，即可持续设计的核心是随着时间的推移，不断适应(adjust to)变化的能力。故选A。 8． A．remain B．expand C．function D．account 解析：选C。这一概念中，空间如何发挥原有功能(function)以及未来如何利用空间同样重要。故选C。 9． A．project B．concept C．debate D．program 解析：选B。在绿色设计中这个概念(concept)中，面向未来的设计是设计的关键部分，其具体体现在空间将如何发挥原有功能以及在未来如何使用，二者同样重要。故选B。 10．A．original B．recreational C．similar D．multiple 解析：选D。更重要的是，可持续建筑考虑的是一个空间是否可以在其生命周期的不同时期用于多种(multiple)目的。故选D。 11．A．measured B．cleared C．changed D．designed 解析：选C。同时，诸如空间的改变(changed)和翻新的容易程度，and连接两个近义词。故选C。 12．A．lessening B．predicting C．managing D．judging 解析：选A。减少(lessening)建筑对环境的影响的因素，才能实现建筑物的可持续性。故选A。 13．A．precise B．complicated C．confusing D．imaginative 解析：选B。绿色设计通常被视为一个复杂的(complicated)概念，但实际上它很简单。故选B。 14．A．extra B．rarer C．local D．fewer 解析：选D。这意味着创造更耐用、使用更少(fewer)资源的产品，以帮助我们为子孙后代创造一个更可持续的世界。故选D。 15．A．difficult B．beneficial C．affordable D．available 解析：选B。绿色设计对社会、企业和环境都有好处(beneficial)。故选B。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $