Unit4 Adversity and Courage 一轮复习导学案-2026届高三英语人教版选择性必修第三册

该高中英语高考复习学案围绕“逆境与勇气”主题，系统整合词汇（阅读、写作、拓展）、短语、经典句式（虚拟条件句、such...that...）及语篇应用考点，通过拓展词汇词性转换、重点短语语境填空、句式真题溯源练透，引导学生从基础积累到综合运用，自主构建主题知识网络。 亮点在于语篇语境应用与梯级训练设计，如语法填空通过Tom探险故事整合核心词汇语法，助力学生自主诊断薄弱点；写作衔接部分提供应用文与读后续写素材积累，培养语言能力与思维品质。教师可依托分层训练（基础达标、写作衔接）精准指导，学生实现个性化提升，高效备考。

选择性必修第三册复习学案 UNIT 4 ADVERSITY AND COURAGE I. 阅读词汇 1. adversity n. 困境；逆境 2. wage n. 工资 3. expedition n. 探险；远征；探险队 4. voyage n. & vi. 航海；航行 5. steward n. 乘务员；服务员 6. navigator n. 领航员；（飞机、船舶等上的）航行者 7. navy n. 海军；海军部队 8. decent adj. 相当不错的；正派的；得体的 9. crew n. 全体工作人员；专业团队；一群人 10. endurance n. 忍耐力；耐久力 11. crush vt. 毁坏；压坏；压碎 n. 拥挤的人群 12. episode n. 一段经历；片段；插曲 13. corporate adj. 公司的；法人的；社团的 14. damp adj. 潮湿的；湿气重的 15. miserable adj. 痛苦的；令人难受的 16. good/ bad-tempered adj. 脾气好的/坏的 17. furniture n. 家具 18. bat n. 球拍；蝙蝠 vi. & vt. 用球板击球；挥打；拍打 19. motor n. 发动机；马达 adj. 有引擎的；机动车的 II. 写作词汇 1. bitter adj. 严寒的；激烈而不愉快的；味苦的 2. aboard adv. & prep. 上（船、飞机、公共汽车等） 3. sink vi. (sank/ sunk, sunk)沉没；下沉；下降 vt. 使下沉；使沉没 4. bark vi. &n.（狗）吠叫；吠叫声 5. cosy adj. 温馨的；舒适的 6. genuine adj. 真正的；真诚的；可信赖的 7. recreation n. 娱乐；消遣；游戏 8. rough adj. 汹涌的；粗糙的；粗略的 9. candidate n. 候选人；应试者 III. 拓展词汇 1. vigour n. 精力；力量；活力→________________adj. 精力充沛的→________________adv. 精神旺盛地 2. enthusiastic adj. 热情的；热心的→________________n. 热衷 … … 的人；爱好者→________________n. 热情→________________adv. 热情地 3. assign vt. 分派；布置；分配→________________n.（工作等的）分派；任务；作业 4. perseverance n. 毅力；韧性；不屈不挠的精神→________________vi. 坚持；孜孜以求 5. resolve vi. & vt. 决定；决心；解决（问题或困难）n. 决心；坚定的信念→______________ n. 决议；坚 定；解决→______________adj. 下定决心的；坚定的 6. thorough adj. 深入的；彻底的；细致的→_____________adv. 完全地；彻底地；仔细地 7. guidance n. 指导；引导；导航→________________n. 导游 vt. 引导；带领 8. motive n. 动机；原因； 目的→_____________n. 动机；积极性→_____________adj. 有积极性的 9. envy n. & vt. 羡慕；妒忌→_____________adj. 忌妒的；羡慕的 10. abandon vt. 舍弃；抛弃；放弃；遗弃→______________adj. 被遗弃的；放纵的 11. belongings n. [pl.]财物；动产→____________vi. 适应；属于→_____________n. 归属感 12. selfish adj. 自 私 的 ； 利 己 的 →_____________adv. 自 私 地 →______________n. 自 私 → 【反 】________________adj. 无私的 13. cruel adj. 残酷的；残忍的；冷酷的→_____________ adv. 残忍地；残酷地→______________n. 残忍； 残酷 14. loyal adj. 忠诚的；忠实的→________________n. 忠诚；忠实 IV. 重点短语 1. ________________________________拒绝（某人）；（音量）调低 2. ________________________________生火 3. ________________________________放出（热、光、气味或气体） 4. ________________________________被困于；陷入 … … 中 5. ________________________________成功；（及时）到达 6. ________________________________抓住；坚持住；别挂断 7. ________________________________使某人保持高昂的情绪 8. ________________________________设法做某事 9. ________________________________ 出发；动身；启程 10. ________________________________在 … … 岁时 11. ________________________________对 … … 充满热情 12. ________________________________扔掉 13. ________________________________每况愈下 14. ________________________________使某人振作起来 V. 经典句式 1. 句型公式：if引导虚拟条件句 If it weren’t for sea animals, we would all starve. 如果没有海洋动物，我们都会饿死。 2. 句型公式: such... that... 引导结果状语从句 When we were finally rescued, we felt such relief and joy that many of us could not hide our tears. 当我们最终获救时，我们感到如释重负，许多人都喜极而泣。 VI.语法填空 Here is an episode of my nephew Tom who leads a 1. ________ (thorough) decent and cosy life and has hardly met with some cruel 2. ________ (adversity). However, dreaming of adventures, he resolved 3. ________ (join) an expedition advertised on a website. Unfortunately, his application was turned 4. ________. Being not qualified but full of vigour, perseverance and passion, he didn’t give up his dream. So he joined the navy and 5. ________ (assign) to be a steward with low wages. On a bitter cold day, he boarded a ship bound for the Atlantic Ocean and began his voyage. The crew all liked Tom because he was genuine, enthusiastic, good-tempered and loyal and wasn’t 6. ________ (self). He often played the banjo for recreation. But one day the ship got 7. ________ (crush) on a huge iceberg. The ship sank and the sailors threw away their belongings including stoves, blankets, bats, cupboards 8. ________ other furniture. Finally, they had to abandon their ship and climbed onto an island 9. ________ they made fire to dry their clothes. They survived 10. ________ (depend) on their endurance. Later, they were saved. It has been a miserable experience to Tom but at the same time it brought out Tom’s best qualities in the face of adversity. 核心考点 精讲精练 187 / 263 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 Part 1 重点单词 1. enthusiastic adj. 热情的；热心的 enthusiasm n. 热情 enthusiast n. 热衷……的人；爱好者enthusiastically adv. 热情地；热心地 真题溯源 (2022·新高考Ⅰ&Ⅱ卷·读后续写) Inspired by the enthusiastic cheers from his classmates, David quickened his pace in high spirits. 受到同学们热情的欢呼声的鼓舞，David兴高采烈地加快了步伐。 考点脉络 多维练透 ① (译林·X1U3) The public’s continued ________ (enthusiastic) about the Qingming Scroll, even after all these centuries, speaks volumes about the power of this historic piece of art. ②I am enthusiastic ________ sharing this rich experience with friends who might find it equally meaningful. ③ , which makes me qualified for the voluntary work advertised in the newspaper. 我不仅充满热情而且容易相处，这使我能胜任报纸上刊登的志愿者工作。(申请信) ④With life being made up of ups and downs, it is crucially important . 人生起起落落，保持一种良好、热情的态度是极为重要的。(读后续写·主旨升华) 2. aboard adv. & prep. 上 (船、飞机、公共汽车等) 〈变〉board v. 寄宿；上船 (或飞机、火车、公共汽车等) n. 木板；董事会；膳食；伙食 教材溯源 (译林·X3U3) More than 1,000 people aboard the Arizona lost their lives. “亚利桑那号”上有一千多人失去了生命。 考点脉络 多维练透 ①选词填空 (aboard/abroad/broad/board) a. I used to travel ________ a lot with my parents when I was a little child. b. After reaching the finish line, he waved to his classmates with a ________smile. c. The plane crashed, killing all 157 passengers ________. d. (2022·全国甲卷) In March 2008, Ginni _ ___ a ship with 48 passengers she’d never met before, to begin the journey towards Antarctica. ②They had said goodbye to each other before , but the mother until the train went out of her sight. 她们在上火车前已经互相道别，但这位母亲一直在向车上的女儿挥手，直到火车消失在她的视线之外。(读后续写·动作描写) 3. assign vt. 分派；布置；分配 assignment n. 任务；工作；分派 真题溯源 (2022·新高考Ⅰ卷) Students will work in groups to complete four assignments during the course. 在课程期间，学生们将分组完成四项作业。 考点脉络 多维练透 ① (译林·X4U4) Everyone would ________ (assign) a specific task, and my role was usually to produce the presentation. ②The reporter was assigned ________ (cover) international news. ③They’ve assigned their best man ________ the job. ④They because they are eager to help develop rural education. 他们自愿被分配到边远地区当老师，因为他们渴望帮助发展边远地区的教育。 4. abandon vt. 舍弃；抛弃；放弃；沉湎于 n. 放任；放纵〈变〉 abandoned adj. 被抛弃的；废弃的；放纵的 真题溯源 (2022·全 国 乙 卷) The one in the new environment should be sympathetic to the fact that your friend may feel abandoned. 在新环境中的朋友应该体谅你的朋友可能会感到被抛弃。 考点脉络 多维练透 ① (外研·X4U5) But the greatest mystery of all is what caused the Maya ________ (abandon) most of their great cities. ②I will never abandon ________ (reach) the top of the"mountain" because I want to be successful in life. ③His last word went like a bullet to her heart. She burst into tears and . 他最后一句话像子弹一样击中了她的心。她大哭起来，陷入绝望。(读后续写·心理描写) ④We jumped up and down and , forgetting the troubles in our lives. 我们跳上跳下，尽情地挥舞着我们的手臂，忘却了我们生活中的烦恼。(读后续写·动作描写) 5. resolve vi. & vt. 决定；决心；解决 (问题或困难) n. 决心；坚定的信念；决定要做的事 resolution n. 决议；解决；决心 resolved adj. 下定决心的；坚定的 真题溯源 (2024·北京卷) Conflict was often resolved in musical battles. 冲突常常在音乐对决中得到解决。 考点脉络 多维练透 ① (译林·X3U1) I made a ________ (resolve) to respect and protect this unique landscape while I was here. ②We have resolved ________ making an early start to go aboard. ③ , we should learn to communicate more and put ourselves in others’ place. 为了解决冲突，我们应该学会多沟通，设身处地地为他人着想。(建议信) ④ Cultural relics represent the wisdom of our ancestors, so our country . 文化遗产代表我们祖先的智慧，因此我们国家已经决定不遗余力地保护它们。 Part 2 短语句式 6. turn down拒绝 (refuse/reject/decline); 减小 (音量、亮度等) 真题例句 This time, she turned down the fire so it cooked nicely. 这一次，她把火关小了，这样就烤得很好。 考点梳理 turn on/off 打开/关掉 turn up 出现；露面；调大（声音） turn away 拒之门外；不准入内 turn in 上交；向内拐；使自首 turn... into...将……变成…… turn to 求助于；转向；致力于 turn over 翻转；移交 turn out (to be...)结果是;证明是;原来是…… turn to sb for help 向某人求助 take turns to do sth轮流做某事 小题练透 用turn有关短语的正确形式填空 ① I came a thousand miles to stand in this doorway tonight, and it’s worth if my old partner . ② When we a device,such as television, it goes into stand-by mode. ③ Under Jennifer’s leadership, the bookstore was being a place for literature-loving members of the community to get together. ④Whenever I was in trouble, I my English teacher for help. ⑤It that helping others realize their dreams gives me more pleasure. (读后续写·主旨升华) 7. if引导虚拟条件句 真题例句 If I didn’t win, I wouldn’t care. 如果我没赢，我也不会在意。 考点梳理 虚拟语气在if虚拟条件句中的运用： 非真实条件句中的虚拟语气 虚拟条件句 主句 与现在事实相反的假设 动词的过去式 (be动词一般用were) would/could/should/might+动词原形 与过去事实相反的假设 had+过去分词 would/could/should/might+have+过去分词 与将来事实相反的假设 动词的过去式 would/could/should/might+动词原形 were to+动词原形 should+动词原形 微提醒：当虚拟条件句中有should、had或were时，可以省略if, 且把should、had或were提到主语前，变为倒装句式。 小题练透 ① How would the Confucian idea of fairness change society around you if everybody ________ (start) practising fairness in everything? ②________ it to rain tomorrow, the sports meeting would be put off. ③I feel honored to be invited here to deliver a speech. Today the topic of my speech is “If I were a dustman”. _____________________with no rubbish lying on the street. 受邀在这里发表演讲，我倍感荣幸。今天我的演讲主题是“如果我是一名环卫工人”。如果我是一名环卫工人，我会让我们的城市更干净，让街上没有任何垃圾。(演讲稿) ④ that she should spend more time with her family. 如果没有这次经历，她就不会意识到她应该花更多的时间和家人在一起。(读后续写·主旨升华) 8. such…that…引导结果状语从句 真题例句 (2022·浙江卷) Trust is such an important part of a parent-child relationship that it’s something that can’t afford to lose. 信任在亲子关系中是如此重要的一部分，以至于它是一种不容失去的东西。 考点梳理 such a/an+adj.+可数名词单数+that... such...such+adj.+不可数名词/可数名词that...复数+that... so+adj.+a/an+可数名词单数+that... so many/few+可数名词复数+that... so much/little(少的)+不可数名词+that... so+adj./adv.+that.. 注意: little表示“少”时,用so修饰;表示“小”时，用such修饰；②在so...that...和such..that.句式中,so/such及其后的部分置于句首时，其所在句子要用部分倒装 小题练透 ① ________ is its worth that several later emperors even asked the most talented artists of their day to make copies of the scroll. ②It is so rewarding an activity that we all look forward to another one. (句型转换) → that we all look forward to another one. (such...that...) → that we all look forward to another. (so...that...倒装) → that we all look forward to another. (such...that...倒装) ③ that I immediately shared it with my teacher. 我听到这个消息很高兴，以至于我立即告诉了我的老师。 ④ I felt my throat tight and my mouth dry, wondering what to do next. 我非常紧张，感到喉咙发紧，口干，不知道接下来该怎么办。(读后续写·心理描写) 191 / 263 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 梯级训练 循序渐进 Part 1 基础达标 维度一 语境辨义 Ⅰ. 熟词生义 1. (2021·新高考Ⅰ卷) Jenna threw the burnt piece into the sink and put in the other slice of bread. ________ 2. We must take care to get the right kind of frame to set off the picture. ________ 3. The agreement assigns copyright to the publisher. ________ 4. More than a foot of snow blanketed parts of Michigan. ________ Ⅱ. 一词多义 rough A. adj. 汹涌的；风浪很大的 B. adj. 崎岖的 C. adj. 粗略的 D. adj. 艰难的 E. adj. 粗鲁的 1. (2023·全国甲卷) The western half of the US was full of grizzlies when Europeans came, with a rough number of 50,000 or more living alongside Native Americans. ________ 2. Safety was first. It was too rough to sail that night. ________ 3. I don’t know how to release the pressure in such a rough time. ________ 4. The ice on the rough road has melted and it is safe to drive on it now. ________ 5. He is such a rough child that he doesn’t behave himself. ________ 维度二 考点强化 1. (2024·北京卷) Typically, ________ (cruel) and cheating are discouraged, while cooperation, humbleness and courage are praised. 2. (2024·浙江1月卷) All the different hallways and rooms were too much to think about, let alone commit ________ memory. 3. (2022·新高考Ⅱ卷) The second group did high-intensity aerobic exercise ________ the guidance of a trainer for four or more days a week. 4. (2022·新高考Ⅱ卷) ________ (fortunate) for those in midlife, Levine is finding that even if you haven’t been an ________ (enthusiasm) exerciser, getting in shape now may help improve your aging heart. 5. Many people feel like they need a sense of cultural ________ (belong). 6. Riding bicycles benefits the environmental conservation because they won’t give ________ waste gases. Part 2 写作衔接 写作一 应用文 (发言稿·爱迪生) (2024·安徽阜阳阶段练习) 假定你是李华，你班本周Class Report的主题是“A Man of Perseverance”。请你写一篇发言稿，内容包括：1. 人物事迹简介；2. 给你的启示。 A Man of Perseverance Good morning, everyone. Today, I’d like to share a story about a man of perseverance. Thomas Edison, a great inventor, faced numerous failures before his groundbreaking success. He made countless attempts to invent the electric light bulb, experiencing over a thousand failures. So enthusiastic about doing scientific research was he that he had a thorough knowledge of it. Instead of giving up, he once said, “I have not failed. I’ve just found 10,000 ways that won’t work.” His perseverance, resolve and unwillingness to admit defeat ultimately led him to success, forever changing the world. This story teaches me a valuable lesson about perseverance. It reminds me that failure is not a reason to quit but an opportunity to learn and grow. Thanks for your listening. 写作二 读后续写主题练 (环境描写·风霜雨雪) Ⅰ. 素材积累 单词 rainstorm; cloudburst (倾盆大雨); thunderstorm; shower; drizzle; sprinkle; breeze; downpour; storm; foggy; misty 短语 a fierce/violent storm强风暴 rain cats and dogs下倾盆大雨 artificial rainfall人工降雨 moderate rain中雨 clear up放晴 cut deep into one’s bones刺骨 pick up风力加大 be struck by heavy snow被暴雪袭击 be enveloped in dense fog被浓雾笼罩 hot currents of wind阵阵热风 句子 ① (外研·X2U5) Strong winds and stormy seas have helped sculpt its long, thin shape. 强风和惊涛骇浪塑造了它狭长的形状。 ② (外研·X3U3改编) On windy days, we had to hold down the paper on the desk, which would otherwise be blown away. 在刮风的日子里，我们不得不把纸按在桌子上，否则纸就会被风吹走。 ③ (北师大·B1U1) In front of the classrooms, there was a playground which got dusty on windy days and muddy on rainy days. 教室前面有一个操场，刮风时它满是灰尘，下雨时它泥泞不堪。 ④ (北师大·X3U8) What’s more, a cold rain was falling, mixed with snow. 此外，外面下起了夹杂着雪的冷雨。 ⑤Wind and rain swept across the world, tearing the dark and gloomy sky apart. 狂风暴雨席卷着整个世界，把灰暗沉郁的天空撕碎了。 ⑥The town was covered in a thick blanket of fog. 浓雾笼罩着这个城镇。 Ⅱ. 对点场景练 逆境与勇气 (2024·安徽部分高中高三下开学考试) Without any delay, the firefighters began their rescue effort. “We first dug up the snow with shovels, and then pushed the vehicles out of the snow with manpower,” Qi Yuehua recalled. “The whole city ①was struck by heavy snow, and ②our cheeks were stinging from the icy snowflakes. Besides, ③the chilling wind cut deep into our bones, making every struggle more difficult.” Eventually, at 17: 12, all the trapped people and vehicles had been relocated to a safe place. ④As the curtain of night descended, the world ⑤was enveloped in a deep, mysterious silence, and these firefighters could finally take a well-deserved rest. 没有任何延迟，消防员们开始了他们的救援行动。“我们首先用铲子挖开雪，然后用人力将车辆推出雪堆，”齐跃华回忆说，“整个城市遭受了大雪的袭击，我们的脸颊被冰冷的雪花刺痛了。此外，刺骨的寒风深深地侵入我们的骨髓，使得每一次挣扎都更加艰难。”最终，在17:12，所有被困人员和车辆都被转移到了安全的地方。随着夜幕的降临，世界被笼罩在一片深邃、神秘的寂静中，这些消防员终于可以好好休息了。 194 / 263 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 UNIT 4　ADVERSITY AND COURAGE III. 拓展词汇 1. vigour n. 精力；力量；活力→vigorous adj. 精力充沛的→vigorously adv. 精神旺盛地 2. enthusiastic adj. 热情的；热心的→enthusiast n. 热衷……的人；爱好者→enthusiasm n. 热情→enthusiastically adv. 热情地 3. assign vt. 分派；布置；分配→assignment n.（工作等的）分派；任务；作业 4. perseverance n. 毅力；韧性；不屈不挠的精神→persevere vi. 坚持；孜孜以求 5. resolve vi. & vt. 决定；决心；解决（问题或困难）n. 决心；坚定的信念→resolution n. 决议；坚定；解决→resolved adj. 下定决心的；坚定的 6. thorough adj. 深入的；彻底的；细致的→thoroughly adv. 完全地；彻底地；仔细地 7. guidance n. 指导；引导；导航→guide n. 导游 vt. 引导；带领 8. motive n. 动机；原因；目的→motivation n. 动机；积极性→motivated adj. 有积极性的 9. envy n. & vt. 羡慕；妒忌→envious adj. 忌妒的；羡慕的 10. abandon vt. 舍弃；抛弃；放弃；遗弃→abandoned adj. 被遗弃的；放纵的 11. belongings n. [pl.]财物；动产→belong vi. 适应；属于→belonging n. 归属感 12. selfish adj. 自私的；利己的→selfishly adv. 自私地→selfishness n. 自私→【反】 selfless adj. 无私的 13. cruel adj. 残酷的；残忍的；冷酷的→cruelly adv. 残忍地；残酷地→cruelty n. 残忍；残酷 14. loyal adj. 忠诚的；忠实的→loyalty n. 忠诚；忠实 IV. 重点短语 1. turn down 拒绝（某人）；（音量）调低 2. make fire生火 3. give off 放出（热、光、气味或气体） 4. become/ be stuck in 被困于；陷入……中 5. make it 成功；（及时）到达 6. hold on 抓住；坚持住；别挂断 7. keep one’s spirits up 使某人保持高昂的情绪 8. manage to do sth设法做某事 9. set off 出发；动身；启程 10. at the age of在……岁时 11. be enthusiastic about对……充满热情 12. throw away扔掉 13. go from bad to worse每况愈下 14. cheer sb up 使某人振作起来 VI.语篇填空 1.thoroughly　2.adversities　3.to join　4.down　5.was assigned 6.selfish　7.crushed　8.and　9.where　10.depending �Part 1　重点单词 1.①enthusiasm　②about　③I am not only enthusiastic but also easy to get along with　④to maintain a good and enthusiastic attitude 2.①abroad;broad;aboard;boarded　②going aboard/boarding the train;kept waving to her daughter on board 3.①be assigned　②to cover　③to　④volunteer to be assigned to teach in rural areas 4.①to abandon　②reaching　③abandoned herself/was abandoned to despair　④waved our arms with abandon 5.①resolution　②on　③In order to resolve conflicts　④has resolved to spare no effort to protect them �Part 2　短语句式 6.①turns up　②turn off　 ③turned into　④turned to　⑤turns out 7.①started　②Were　③If I were a dustman, I would make our city cleaner　④If it hadn’t been for this experience, she wouldn’t have realized 8.①Such　②It is such a rewarding activity;So rewarding is the activity/So rewarding an activity is it;Such a rewarding activity is it　③So happy was I/I was so happy to hear the news　④I felt so nervous that/So nervous did I feel that �Part 1　基础达标练 一、Ⅰ.1.n.洗涤槽;水槽　2.衬托　3.v.转让　4.v.覆盖 Ⅱ.1.C　2.A　3.D　4.B　5.E 二、1.cruelty　2.to　3.under　4.Fortunately;enthusiastic 5.belonging　6.off $