重难点01 动词的时态和语态（高考真题+热点话题练习）（重难培优练）（全国通用）2026年高考英语二轮复习高效培优系列

重难点01 语法填空之动词的时态和语态 内容导航 速度提升 技巧掌握 手感养成 重难考向聚焦 锁定目标 精准打击：本专项核心考查方向与高考高频难点是。。。，梳理近3年高考该题型的重难考点分布（如2025年全国卷Ⅰ语法填空占比13%） 重难技巧突破 授予利器 瓦解难点： 1.充分利用前后句和上下句语篇逻辑关系判断动词时态语态 2.考查运用关键词和特定语境综合判断动词时态语态能力 重难冲刺练 模拟实战 挑战顶尖：挑战高考和模拟综合题型，养成稳定攻克难题的“题感”。 近三年：考查内容稳定，命题形式多样，以语法填空题中为主，难度中等偏上。动词的时态、语态和主谓一致综合考查，考查综合应用能力。 预测2026年：尤其是多种时态的考查，时态、语态与主谓一致等知识的结合。 考点 三年考情（2023-2025） 命题趋势 考点1考查动词时态语态用法，且句中有明确的时间状语提示 2025全国I卷—are revealed; 2024浙江1月卷—have started; 2023北京卷—has established; 从近三年高考试题来看，试题以语法填空的形式命题，题目中等，以考查学生对有关时态、语态及主谓一致的掌握情况，强化语言运用能力和语境理解。动词的时态和语态是高考必考点。 预计在2026年高考中，以语法填空的形式命题。 考点2考查动词时态语态用法，且需要考虑主从复合句时态呼应 2024新课标II卷—were； 2024新课标II卷—was built 2024全国甲卷—were; 2023新课标II卷—wished; 2023全国乙卷--was amazed; 2023北京卷—threw; 2023北京卷—had arrived 考点3考查动词时态语态用法，且需要考虑语境整体时态 2024新课标I卷—walks; 考点4考查情态动词在被动语态用法，且注意情态动词后接动词原形基本用法 2024全国甲卷—should be done; 2024浙江1月卷—could be offered; 2023全国甲卷—can be employed; 考点一：考查动词时态语态用法，且句中有明确的时间状语提示。 1.（2023新高考II卷）As a little girl, I 45 (wish) to be a zookeeper when I grew up. 与一般过去时连用的典型标志 确切时间点 yesterday, last Friday, in 2020, at 3 PM 模糊过去 once, a long time ago, in the past 最近过去 just now, a moment ago, recently（注意：recently也可用于现在完成时） 持续时间 for hours, all day, the whole summer 人生阶段 when I was young, in my childhood, during college 2.（2022全国甲卷）In the last five years, Cao _________ (walk) through 34 countries in six continents, and in 2016, he reached the top of Kilimanjaro, Africa’s highest mountain. 与现在完成时连用的典型标志 类别 标志词 含义与用法 例句 ① 强调“从过去持续至今” for + 时间段 动作持续了多长时间 I have lived here for ten years. since + 时间点 动作从某个时间点开始持续至今 She has worked here since 2020. so far / up to now 迄今为止 So far, we have learned 5 units. over/in/during the past/last... 在过去的...时间里 In the past week, I have been very busy. recently / lately 最近（一段时期） Have you read anything interesting lately? ② 强调“过去经历或结果影响现在” already 已经（常用于肯定句） He has already finished his homework. yet 还，已经（用于疑问句和否定句） Have you done it yet? / No, not yet. just 刚刚 The train has just left. ever 曾经（用于疑问句） Have you ever been to Shanghai? never 从未（本身表否定） I have never seen such a beautiful sunset. before 以前（泛指过去） I think I have seen this movie before. 考点二：考查动词时态语态用法，且需要考虑主从复合句时态呼应。 1.（2025年全国一卷）“The players’ personalities ____60____ (reveal) during the game, and one’s weaknesses are exposed to the opponent,” she adds. 2.（2023全国乙卷）Having visited several times over the last 10 years, I 67 (amaze) by the co-existence of old and new, and how a city was able to keep such a rich heritage (遗产) while constantly growing. 考点三：考查动词时态语态用法，且需要考虑语境整体时态。 1.（2024年新高考I卷语法填空）Further, the Silk Route Garden around the greenhouse ________ (walk) visitors through a journey influenced by the ancient Silk Road, by which silk as well as many plant species came to Britain for the first time. 2.（2024年全国甲卷语法填空）They ________（be）part of a 15-member exploring party that had spent almost five awesome weeks in witness of the natural beauties there. 3.（2022新高考I卷）The plan will extend protection to a significant number of areas that _________ (be) previously unprotected, bringing many of the existing protected areas for giant pandas under one authority to increase effectiveness and reduce inconsistencies in management. 考点四：考查情态动词在被动语态用法，且注意情态动词后接动词原形基本用法。 1.（2024年浙江卷1月语法填空）However, though it’s nice to get a few cents off a pack of sausages, it would help even more if they could sometimes ________ (offer) in smaller packs. Even the biggest sausage fan doesn’t want to eat them every day. 2.（2022浙江卷）To understand a painting, we’re taught to look for color, composition, and light. But how can a painting _________ (appreciate)by someone who’s blind? 3.（2020全国III卷）The artist was sure he would _________ (choose), but when he presented his masterpiece to the emperor’s chief minister, the old man laughed. （建议用时：60分钟） 1、 单句语法填空 高考真题练习 1.（2025年全国一卷）“The players’ personalities ____60____ (reveal) during the game, and one’s weaknesses are exposed to the opponent,” she adds. “A decent winner always ____61____ (try) to beat the opponent by no more than one or two points as a gesture (姿态) of respect for the other side. ” 2.（2025年全国二卷）The “sunshine scent (香味)” of freshly sunned clothes ____61____ (be) one of them. 3.（2024年新高考II卷语法填空）“Some of the things that Tang was writing about ______ (be)also Shakespeare’s concerns. 习题综合练习 1．The victory of athletes from China, along with those from China's Hong Kong and China’s Taiwan region, and other Asian nations, (reflect) a newfound confidence and capability across the continent. 2．The newly inscribed World Heritage Site, consisting of 15 components, with the Bell and Drum Towers at its northern end and Yongdingmen Gate at the southern end, (present) a collection of building complexes and archaeological sites that governs the overall layout of Beijing’ s old city. 3．This beautiful structure, named Glasshouse, is at the centre of a new garden that shows how the Silk Road (influence) English gardens even in modern times. 4．Breaking deeply imbedded habitual tendencies such as procrastination, impatience, criticalness, or selfishness that violate basic principles of human effectiveness (involve) more than a little willpower and a few minor changes in our lives. 5．（2025·陕西·宝鸡市渭滨区教研室模拟预测）In the early 20th century, Henry Ford, the founder of the Henry Ford Motor Company, probably never imagined what his production system would mean to the world. While he hoped to make automobiles accessible to the average Americans, he likely never dreamed the world (reach) the point it has today. There are over one billion automobiles in our world now. 6．Dashan, who (learn) crosstalk, the Chinese comedic tradition, for decades, wants to mix it up with the Western stand-up tradition. 7．These days, our team (prepare) for the national English debating competition which will be held next month. 8．Through a series of ecological protection actions, China (demonstrate) the positive role of wetlands conservation in improving the living environment of humans, contributing more wisdom and solutions to building a community of all life on Earth,” said Lei Guangchun, a professor at Beijing Forestry University. 9．To mark the 60th anniversary (周年) of the Xizang Autonomous Region, a grand drone light show was held beside Tangra Yumco Lake at an altitude of over 4,600 meters, which (know) for its breathtaking scenery and extreme weather. 10．The plan will extend protection to a significant number of areas that previously unprotected, bringing many of the existing protected areas for giant pandas under one authority to increase effectiveness and reduce inconsistencies in management. 11．The latter (predict) that Motecuhzoma’s kingdom would fall and the game was set up to establish the truth of this bold prediction. 12．The first pocket watch was invented by Thomas Tompion (1639-1714) in England 330 years ago, and his watch—face design, with two (and sometimes three) hands moving around a single dial, (remain) largely unchanged in all that time. 13．One recent study of college students found that a quarter of people crossing intersections (absorb) in a device. 14．Moo Deng lives at Khao Kheow Open Zoo, southeast of the Thai capital, Bangkok. Zoo worker Atthapon Nundee (post) sweet moments of the animal's life for the past few months. During that time, the hippo has received widespread attention on social media. 15．As it has been many years since I last (use) one, I should hardly be surprised that there are no longer any public telephones near my house. 16．The sensitive artist, feeling profoundly misunderstood by the critics, (withdraw) her application for the upcoming exhibition the other day. 17．Since June 2020, the Laos-China Railway Co has recruited and trained Lao trainees and more than 800 Lao employees, or over 90 percent of the trainees, (assign) specific positions. 18．Like many young Africans, Jean Philippe N’ Dri’s interest in Kung Fu began with martial arts movies. During his second year of college, he joined the martial arts club. With the assistance of the club, he, together with other 5 students (give) the opportunity to visit the Shaolin Temple in China’s Henan province. 19．However, though it’s nice to get a few cents off a pack of sausages, it would help even more if they could sometimes (offer) in smaller packs. Even the biggest sausage fan doesn’t want to eat them every day. 20．With their exquisite beauty, flavor and color, pomegranates never fail to attract people and (cherish) for centuries also for their health benefits and anti-aging benefits. 21．Rainforests (cut)and burnt at such a speed that they will disappear from Earth in the near future. 22．（2025·河南新乡·二模）Humans are explorers since the dawn of civilization. We (attract) over the horizon to find food or more space, or just to see what beyond those trees or mountains or oceans. 23．The designer, as well as the models, (interview) shortly after they finished their amazing performance. 24．（原创）Today, he is so good at woodcarving that his home city allows him to work his magic on old tree stumps and so far about 40 works of art (create) in the local parks. 25．Nine spacecrafts (send) to study Jupiter by now. The most recent was Juno, which arrived at the planet in July 2016. 二、语篇填空 Passage1 （2026·广东广州·一模）With tourists around the world 1 (behave) badly in their pursuit to get the perfect Instagram shot, some destinations and tour 2 (operator) are working to get visitors to go beyond the selfie (自拍). Selfie culture isn’t new, and neither is “deviant (偏离常规的)behaviour”. But with the rise of “revenge travel” and “the fear of missing out”, overtourism — and selfie culture, a seemingly 3 (link ) consequence — has intensified. 4 efforts from destinations around the world that long for tourists to stop and enjoy the beautiful scenery without 5 (necessary) capturing every second on camera, there are visitors who “go against societal norms (规范)”, exhibiting behaviour that’s “ 6 (disrespect) for the culture”. Whether it’s dressing inappropriately in certain settings, posing in front of memorials 7 engaging in risky photo-taking behaviour, this behaviour can be problematic for both residents and visitors. However, the number of locals 8 object to tourists behaving badly is on the increase, and they’re voicing their concerns with authorities who are starting to take action. Now policymakers and governments 9 (put) measures in place to restrict travel to certain bucket-list sites. Some are even taking direct measures against photo shoots and selfie-takers. Some policies can be useful, and education and example-setting is also important, especially as some places may need the 10 (promote) as well as the resulting tourism dollars. Passage2 【新情境】阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 For the new school year that began in September, Chinese education authorities conducted ambitious “AI literacy programs” in primary and secondary schools nationwide, a move that is 1 line with the national “AI+” strategy. 2 (specific), all schools in Beijing are required to provide a basic AI course with at least eight class hours per academic year. Hangzhou offers a more comprehensive curriculum than 3 of last year, requiring at least ten hours annually across all grade levels. The curriculum is designed to match students’ development, 4 (start) with hands-on activities for young children. AI is also transforming the classroom environment at 5 rapid rate. In some schools, AI-powered robots co-teach lessons to increase student engagement 6 smart platforms help teachers grade homework more efficiently by giving 7 (time) personalized feedback. Some classrooms are even using brain-sensing headbands and AI analysis to help teachers adapt their methods in real-time. To support this transition, authorities are placing great 8 (emphasize) on teacher training and partnerships. Hangzhou 9 (establish) a framework to improve teachers’ AI skills and now is promoting collaboration among schools, universities, and tech companies. This effort is part of a nationwide push 10 (prepare) students for a future shaped by AI and to make AI education universally accessible by 2030. 1 / 12 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 重难点01 语法填空之动词的时态和语态 内容导航 速度提升 技巧掌握 手感养成 重难考向聚焦 锁定目标 精准打击：本专项核心考查方向与高考高频难点是。。。，梳理近3年高考该题型的重难考点分布（如2025年全国卷Ⅰ语法填空占比13%） 重难技巧突破 授予利器 瓦解难点： 1.充分利用前后句和上下句语篇逻辑关系判断动词时态语态 2.考查运用关键词和特定语境综合判断动词时态语态能力 重难冲刺练 模拟实战 挑战顶尖：挑战高考和模拟综合题型，养成稳定攻克难题的“题感”。 近三年：考查内容稳定，命题形式多样，以语法填空题中为主，难度中等偏上。动词的时态、语态和主谓一致综合考查，考查综合应用能力。 预测2026年：尤其是多种时态的考查，时态、语态与主谓一致等知识的结合。 考点 三年考情（2023-2025） 命题趋势 考点1考查动词时态语态用法，且句中有明确的时间状语提示 2025全国I卷—are revealed; 2024浙江1月卷—have started; 2023北京卷—has established; 从近三年高考试题来看，试题以语法填空的形式命题，题目中等，以考查学生对有关时态、语态及主谓一致的掌握情况，强化语言运用能力和语境理解。动词的时态和语态是高考必考点。 预计在2026年高考中，以语法填空的形式命题。 考点2考查动词时态语态用法，且需要考虑主从复合句时态呼应 2024新课标II卷—were； 2024新课标II卷—was built 2024全国甲卷—were; 2023新课标II卷—wished; 2023全国乙卷--was amazed; 2023北京卷—threw; 2023北京卷—had arrived 考点3考查动词时态语态用法，且需要考虑语境整体时态 2024新课标I卷—walks; 考点4考查情态动词在被动语态用法，且注意情态动词后接动词原形基本用法 2024全国甲卷—should be done; 2024浙江1月卷—could be offered; 2023全国甲卷—can be employed; 考点一：考查动词时态语态用法，且句中有明确的时间状语提示。 1.（2023新高考II卷）As a little girl, I 45 (wish) to be a zookeeper when I grew up. 答案：wished。 解析：考查动词时态。句意：作为一个小女孩，我希望长大后成为一名动物园管理员。分析句子结构可知，本句缺少谓语动词，所以wish作本句谓语，和主语I之间是主动关系，根据后文的grew可知用一般过去时。故填wished。 与一般过去时连用的典型标志 确切时间点 yesterday, last Friday, in 2020, at 3 PM 模糊过去 once, a long time ago, in the past 最近过去 just now, a moment ago, recently（注意：recently也可用于现在完成时） 持续时间 for hours, all day, the whole summer 人生阶段 when I was young, in my childhood, during college 2.（2022全国甲卷）In the last five years, Cao _________ (walk) through 34 countries in six continents, and in 2016, he reached the top of Kilimanjaro, Africa’s highest mountain. 答案：has walked 解析：考查动词时态。句意：在过去的五年中，曹操穿越了六大洲的34个国家，2016年，他到达了乞力马扎罗山顶，这是非洲最高的山峰。根据时间状语in the last five years可知，此处应用现在完成时，主语Cao为第三人称单数，助动词用has。故填has walked。 与现在完成时连用的典型标志 类别 标志词 含义与用法 例句 ① 强调“从过去持续至今” for + 时间段 动作持续了多长时间 I have lived here for ten years. since + 时间点 动作从某个时间点开始持续至今 She has worked here since 2020. so far / up to now 迄今为止 So far, we have learned 5 units. over/in/during the past/last... 在过去的...时间里 In the past week, I have been very busy. recently / lately 最近（一段时期） Have you read anything interesting lately? ② 强调“过去经历或结果影响现在” already 已经（常用于肯定句） He has already finished his homework. yet 还，已经（用于疑问句和否定句） Have you done it yet? / No, not yet. just 刚刚 The train has just left. ever 曾经（用于疑问句） Have you ever been to Shanghai? never 从未（本身表否定） I have never seen such a beautiful sunset. before 以前（泛指过去） I think I have seen this movie before. 考点二：考查动词时态语态用法，且需要考虑主从复合句时态呼应。 1.（2025年全国一卷）“The players’ personalities ____60____ (reveal) during the game, and one’s weaknesses are exposed to the opponent,” she adds. 答案：are revealed。 解析：考查被动语态。句意：她补充说：“玩家的个性在游戏中显露出来，一个人的弱点会暴露给对手。”本句描述一般事实，时态用一般现在时，且主语The players’ personalities与动词reveal“揭示，显示”为被动关系，所以空处需用一般现在时态的被动语态，主语为复数，be动词用are。故填are revealed。 2.（2023全国乙卷）Having visited several times over the last 10 years, I 67 (amaze) by the co-existence of old and new, and how a city was able to keep such a rich heritage (遗产) while constantly growing. 答案：was amazed。 解析：考查时态和语态。句意：在过去的10年里，我多次访问北京，我惊讶于这里的新旧共存，惊讶于一个城市如何在不断发展的同时保持如此丰富的文化遗产。这里为本句谓语动词，根据下文“how a city was able to keep such a rich heritage (遗产) while constantly growing.”可知，本句用一般过去时；主语I和动词amaze之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。故填was amazed。 考点三：考查动词时态语态用法，且需要考虑语境整体时态。 1.（2024年新高考I卷语法填空）Further, the Silk Route Garden around the greenhouse ________ (walk) visitors through a journey influenced by the ancient Silk Road, by which silk as well as many plant species came to Britain for the first time. 【答案】walks 【解析】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：此外，围绕温室的丝绸之路花园带领游客走过一段受古丝绸之路影响的旅程。walk sb. through，意为“带领某人穿过……”，空处为本句谓语动词，根据上文可知，本句时态为一般现在时，主语the Silk Route Garden为单数，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。故填walks。 2.（2024年全国甲卷语法填空）They ________（be）part of a 15-member exploring party that had spent almost five awesome weeks in witness of the natural beauties there. 【答案】were 【解析】考查时态。句意：他们是一个由15人组成的探险队的一部分，他们花了近五个星期的时间来见证那里的自然美景。本空前They指代上文提及的四个男人，时间为1870年，同时联系后文had spent的过去完成时可知，本空时态为过去式且为复数形式，故填were。 3.（2022新高考I卷）The plan will extend protection to a significant number of areas that _________ (be) previously unprotected, bringing many of the existing protected areas for giant pandas under one authority to increase effectiveness and reduce inconsistencies in management. 【答案】were 考查时态和主谓一致。句意：该计划将把保护范围扩大到大量以前未受保护的地区，将许多现有的大熊猫保护区纳入一个管理机构，以提高效率，减少管理上的不一致性。设空处在that引导的限制性定语从句中作谓语，先行词为a significant number of areas，先行词在从句中作主语，根据“previously (之前地)”可知从句的时态应为一般过去时，根据主谓一致，从句主语复数，从句谓语复数形式。故填were。 考点四：考查情态动词在被动语态用法，且注意情态动词后接动词原形基本用法。 1.（2024年浙江卷1月语法填空）However, though it’s nice to get a few cents off a pack of sausages, it would help even more if they could sometimes ________ (offer) in smaller packs. Even the biggest sausage fan doesn’t want to eat them every day. 【答案】be offered 【解析】考查含有情态动词的被动语态。句意：然而，虽然一包香肠能便宜几美分是件好事，但如果有时能以小包装出售，那就更好了。动词offer意为“提供”，和主语构成被动关系，主语they代指前文中的sausages。在情态动词could后动词应用原形。故填be offered。 2.（2022浙江卷）To understand a painting, we’re taught to look for color, composition, and light. But how can a painting _________ (appreciate)by someone who’s blind? 2. be appreciated 【解析】 考查含有情态动词的被动语态。句意：但是一个盲人怎么能欣赏一幅画呢？主语a painting与谓语appreciate为被动关系，且置于情态动词can 之后，所以本句为含有情态动词的被动语态。故填be appreciated。 3.（2020全国III卷）The artist was sure he would _________ (choose), but when he presented his masterpiece to the emperor’s chief minister, the old man laughed. 3. be chosen 【解析】 考查动词时态及语态。句意：画家确信他会被选中，但是当他把他的杰作送给皇帝的宰相时，这位老人笑了。本句中主语he与谓语动词choose构成被动关系，且would后跟动词原形。故填be chosen。 （建议用时：60分钟） 1、 单句语法填空 高考真题练习 1.（2025年全国一卷）“The players’ personalities ____60____ (reveal) during the game, and one’s weaknesses are exposed to the opponent,” she adds. “A decent winner always ____61____ (try) to beat the opponent by no more than one or two points as a gesture (姿态) of respect for the other side. ” 【60题详解】 考查动词语态。句意：她补充说：“玩家的个性在游戏中显露出来，一个人的弱点会暴露给对手。”本句描述一般事实，时态用一般现在时，且主语The players’ personalities与动词reveal“揭示，显示”为被动关系，所以空处需用一般现在时态的被动语态，主语为复数，be动词用are。故填are revealed。 【61题详解】 考查时态和主谓一致。句意：一个不错的赢家总是尽力以仅仅一两分的优势击败对手，以表示对对方的尊重。根据always可知，本句描述一般事实，时态用一般现在时，主语a decent winner为第三人称单数，所以谓语需用try“尽力”的第三人称单数tries。故填tries。 2.（2025年全国二卷）The “sunshine scent (香味)” of freshly sunned clothes ____61____ (be) one of them. 答案：is。 解析：考查时态和主谓一致。句意：晒过的衣服的“阳光的味道”就是其中之一。本句描述的是一般事实，时态用一般现在时，且主语The “sunshine scent (香味)” of freshly sunned clothes为第三人称单数，be动词用is。故填is。 3.（2024年新高考II卷语法填空）“Some of the things that Tang was writing about ______ (be)also Shakespeare’s concerns. 【答案】were 【解析】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：“汤显祖所写的一些内容也是莎士比亚所关心的。我碰巧知道汤显祖的戏剧《牡丹亭》在某些方面与《罗密欧与朱丽叶》相似。”这里为本句谓语动词，根据句意以及定语从句时态可知，本句时态为一般过去时；主语为“some of the things”，复数。故填were。 习题综合练习 1．The victory of athletes from China, along with those from China's Hong Kong and China’s Taiwan region, and other Asian nations, (reflect) a newfound confidence and capability across the continent. 【答案】reflects 【详解】考查时态。句意：来自中国、中国香港、中国台湾以及亚洲其他国家的运动员的胜利，反映了整个大陆新发现的信心和能力。本句描述一般事实，句子时态用一般现在时，且主语The victory是第三人称单数，所以谓语动词应用reflect“反映”的第三人称单数形式。故填reflects。 2．The newly inscribed World Heritage Site, consisting of 15 components, with the Bell and Drum Towers at its northern end and Yongdingmen Gate at the southern end, (present) a collection of building complexes and archaeological sites that governs the overall layout of Beijing’ s old city. 【答案】presents 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：新入选的世界遗产由15个组成部分组成，北端是钟鼓楼，南端是永定门，展示了一系列建筑群和考古遗址，这些遗址支配着北京旧城的整体布局。present作谓语，描述一般事实用一般现在时，主语为The newly inscribed World Heritage Site，为单数，谓语用第三人称单数形式presents。故填presents。 3．This beautiful structure, named Glasshouse, is at the centre of a new garden that shows how the Silk Road (influence) English gardens even in modern times. 【答案】influences 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：这座名为Glasshouse的美丽建筑位于一个新花园的中心，展示了丝绸之路是如何影响着英国花园的，甚至在现代。空处作how宾语从句的谓语。根据句子时态，这里陈述的是客观事实，应用一般现在时，主语为the Silk Road，谓语应用单数。故填influences。 4．Breaking deeply imbedded habitual tendencies such as procrastination, impatience, criticalness, or selfishness that violate basic principles of human effectiveness (involve) more than a little willpower and a few minor changes in our lives. 【答案】involves 【详解】考查主谓一致。句意：打破根深蒂固的习惯倾向，如拖延、不耐烦、挑剔或自私，这些违反了人类效率的基本原则，需要的不仅仅是一点意志力和生活中的一些小改变。分析句子结构可知，本句是that引导的定语从句，主句中缺少谓语，所以involve做本句谓语，主语是Breaking，为第三人称单数，描述的是客观事实，用一般现在时。故填involves。 5．（2025·陕西·宝鸡市渭滨区教研室模拟预测）In the early 20th century, Henry Ford, the founder of the Henry Ford Motor Company, probably never imagined what his production system would mean to the world. While he hoped to make automobiles accessible to the average Americans, he likely never dreamed the world (reach) the point it has today. There are over one billion automobiles in our world now. 【答案】would reach 【详解】考查时态。句意：20世纪初，亨利·福特汽车公司的创始人亨利·福特可能从未想过他的生产系统对世界意味着什么。虽然他希望让普通美国人都能买得起汽车，但他可能从未梦想过世界能达到今天的水平。现在世界上有超过10亿辆汽车。dream sth.“梦想到……”，因此“the world _______(reach) the point it has today”是省略that的宾语从句，空处是谓语，由前面的dreamed可知，主句用的是一般将来时，且根据句意可知，此处表示“将会达到……”，应用过去将来时，故填would reach。 6．Dashan, who (learn) crosstalk, the Chinese comedic tradition, for decades, wants to mix it up with the Western stand-up tradition. 【答案】has been learning 【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：大山几十年来一直学习相声这一中国的喜剧传统，他想把它和西方的单口相声传统结合起来。根据for decades可知，该句应该使用现在完成时；再由常识可大山学习中国的相声还在进行中，所以用现在的完成进行时态。且who指代Dashan，根据主谓一致原则，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。故填has been learning。 7．These days, our team (prepare) for the national English debating competition which will be held next month. 【答案】are preparing 【详解】考查时态。句意：这些天，我们团队正在为下个月举办的全国英语辩论赛做准备。时间状语“These days”表明动作在现阶段持续进行，符合现在进行时的用法，其结构为be + 现在分词，主语our team此处指代团队成员，视为复数，be动词用are，prepare的现在分词为 preparing。故填are preparing。 8．Through a series of ecological protection actions, China (demonstrate) the positive role of wetlands conservation in improving the living environment of humans, contributing more wisdom and solutions to building a community of all life on Earth,” said Lei Guangchun, a professor at Beijing Forestry University. 【答案】has demonstrated 【详解】考查时态。句意：北京林业大学教授雷光春表示：“通过一系列生态保护行动，中国展示了湿地保护在改善人类生存环境方面的积极作用，为建设地球上所有生命的社区贡献了更多的智慧和解决方案。”此处表示过去的动作对现在的影响用现在完成时，主语为China，助动词用has。故填has demonstrated。 9．To mark the 60th anniversary (周年) of the Xizang Autonomous Region, a grand drone light show was held beside Tangra Yumco Lake at an altitude of over 4,600 meters, which (know) for its breathtaking scenery and extreme weather. 【答案】is known 【详解】考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：为纪念西藏自治区成立60周年，一场盛大的无人机灯光秀在海拔4600多米的当惹雍措湖畔举行，该湖以其令人叹为观止的风景和极端天气而闻名。分析句子可知，此处为固定短语be known for，意为“因……而闻名”；分析句子并根据语意可知，空格处作非限制性定语从句的谓语，此处是在陈述事实，应用一般现在时，主语which指代先行词 Tangra Yumco Lake，为单数，be动词应用is。故填is known。 10．The plan will extend protection to a significant number of areas that previously unprotected, bringing many of the existing protected areas for giant pandas under one authority to increase effectiveness and reduce inconsistencies in management. 【答案】were 【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：该计划将把保护范围扩大到相当多以前未受保护的地区，将许多现有的大熊猫保护区置于一个管理机构之下，以提高效率，减少管理上的不一致性。本空为that引导的定语从句的谓语，根据previously可知，从句描述过去的事情，时态应用一般过去时，that代替先行词areas在从句中作主语，be动词应用were。故填were。 11．The latter (predict) that Motecuhzoma’s kingdom would fall and the game was set up to establish the truth of this bold prediction. 【答案】had predicted 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：后者曾预言蒙特祖马的王国将会覆灭，而这场游戏的设立就是为了证实这个大胆预言的真实性。根据从句的谓语动词“was set up”可知，此处讲述的是过去发生的动作，predict意为“预言”发生在“set up”之前，属于“过去的过去”，需用过去完成时，其构成为“had+过去分词”，predict的去过分词为predicted。故填had predicted。 12．The first pocket watch was invented by Thomas Tompion (1639-1714) in England 330 years ago, and his watch—face design, with two (and sometimes three) hands moving around a single dial, (remain) largely unchanged in all that time. 【答案】has remained 【详解】考查现在完成时。句意：第一块怀表是由托马斯·汤普森（1639-1714）在330年前在英国发明的，他的表面设计，两个（有时三个）指针在一个表盘上移动，在这段时间里基本上没有改变。空处为and并列句的谓语动词，结合时间状语in all hat time “在那段时间”可知，句子陈述从过去开始持续到现在的动作，应用现在完成时，主语his watch是第三人称单数，助动词用has。故填has remained。 13．One recent study of college students found that a quarter of people crossing intersections (absorb) in a device. 【答案】were absorbed 【详解】考查时态。句意：最近一项针对大学生的研究发现，四分之一的人在过十字路口时会全神贯注地玩手机。短语be absorbed in表示“全神贯注于……”，此处主句found可知为一般过去时，从句用一般过去时，主语为a quarter of people，谓语用复数。故填were absorbed。 14．Moo Deng lives at Khao Kheow Open Zoo, southeast of the Thai capital, Bangkok. Zoo worker Atthapon Nundee (post) sweet moments of the animal's life for the past few months. During that time, the hippo has received widespread attention on social media. 【答案】has been posting/has posted 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：在过去的几个月里，动物园工作人员Atthapon Nundee一直在发布这只动物生活中的甜蜜时刻。根据时间状语“for the past few months”可知，此处动作从过去开始持续到现在，且有可能继续下去，所以可以用现在完成进行时，表示一直在做某事；也可以用现在完成时，强调过去的动作对现在造成的影响，即发布了动物生活的甜蜜时刻，使河马受到了广泛关注。主语为Zoo worker Atthapon Nundee，助动词用has。故填has been posting或has posted。 15．As it has been many years since I last (use) one, I should hardly be surprised that there are no longer any public telephones near my house. 【答案】used 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：由于我上次使用公用电话已经有很多年了，所以我对我家附近不再有公用电话并不感到惊讶。句中“since”引导时间状语从句，主句用现在完成时（has been），从句需用一般过去时，表示“自从过去某个动作发生以来”，use的过去式为used，符合语法规则。故填 used。 16．The sensitive artist, feeling profoundly misunderstood by the critics, (withdraw) her application for the upcoming exhibition the other day. 【答案】withdrew 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：这位敏感的艺术家深感被评论家误解，前几天撤回了她参加即将举办的展览的申请。根据时间状语“the other day (意为“前几天”，表示过去的时间)”和语意可知，此处表示过去的动作，句子应用一般过去时，谓语动词withdraw用过去式，符合“艺术家过去撤回申请”的语境。故填withdrew。 17．Since June 2020, the Laos-China Railway Co has recruited and trained Lao trainees and more than 800 Lao employees, or over 90 percent of the trainees, (assign) specific positions. 【答案】have been assigned 【详解】考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：自2020年6月以来，老中铁路公司已招聘培训老挝研修生，800多名老挝员工被分配到特定岗位，占学员总数的90%以上。assign(分配)作分句谓语动词，与主语more than 800 Lao employees之间为被动关系，结合时间状语“Since June 2020”可知，应用现在完成时的被动语态，主语为复数名词，谓语用复数形式。故填have been assigned。 18．Like many young Africans, Jean Philippe N’ Dri’s interest in Kung Fu began with martial arts movies. During his second year of college, he joined the martial arts club. With the assistance of the club, he, together with other 5 students (give) the opportunity to visit the Shaolin Temple in China’s Henan province. 【答案】was given 【详解】考查动词的时态和语态及主谓一致。句意：与许多年轻的非洲人一样，Jean Philippe N’ Dri 对功夫的兴趣始于武术电影。在大学二年级时，他加入了武术俱乐部。在俱乐部的帮助下，他和其他5名学生获得了前往中国河南省少林寺参观的机会。根据空前主语he可知，空处为谓语动词；此处为就远原则，根据上文时态可知，本句时态为一般过去时；主语he为单数，和动词give之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。故填was given。 19．However, though it’s nice to get a few cents off a pack of sausages, it would help even more if they could sometimes (offer) in smaller packs. Even the biggest sausage fan doesn’t want to eat them every day. 【答案】be offered 【详解】考查被动语态。句意：然而，虽然一包香肠能便宜几美分是件好事，但如果有时能以小包装出售，那就更好了。动词offer与主语they之间是被动关系，应用被动语态。与情态动词could连用，空处应用be offered。故填be offered。 20．With their exquisite beauty, flavor and color, pomegranates never fail to attract people and (cherish) for centuries also for their health benefits and anti-aging benefits. 【答案】have been cherished 【详解】考查现在完成时的被动语态。句意：石榴以其精致的美丽、风味和颜色吸引着人们。几个世纪以来也因其有益健康和抗衰老而受到珍视。主语pomegranates与cherish是动宾关系，故用被动语态。根据时间状语for centuries及句意可知，此处表示石榴从过去到现在一直被珍视，还将被人们珍视下去，时态应用现在完成时。结合时态，此处应用现在完成时的被动语态(have/has been done)。主语pomegranates是复数，助动词用have，故填have been cherished。 21．Rainforests (cut)and burnt at such a speed that they will disappear from Earth in the near future. 【答案】are being cut 【详解】考查现在进行时的被动语态和主谓一致。句意：热带雨林正以如此快的速度被砍伐和燃烧，它们将在不久的将来从地球上消失。句子主语Rainforests是复数形式，和谓语动词cut之间是被动关系，这里表示目前正在进行的动作，所以用现在进行时的被动语态。故答案为are being cut。 22．（2025·河南新乡·二模）Humans are explorers since the dawn of civilization. We (attract) over the horizon to find food or more space, or just to see what beyond those trees or mountains or oceans. 【答案】have been attracted 【详解】考查动词时态和语态。句意：自从人类文明以来，人类就渴望探索太空。我们被地平线所吸引，去寻找食物或更大的空间，或者只是去看看那些树、山或海洋之外的东西。根据句意可知，本句为现在完成时，句子主语we和所填词attract之间是被动的关系，故填现在完成时的被动语态。故填have been attracted。 23．The designer, as well as the models, (interview) shortly after they finished their amazing performance. 【答案】was interviewed 【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：设计师和模特们，在完成他们精彩的表演后，接受了采访。分析句子结构可知，空处做谓语，句子描述的是过去的事，应用一般过去时，主语the designer, as well as the models(设计师和模特们)和动词interview(采访)是被动关系，应用一般过去时的被动。且当as well as(也)连接两个主语时，谓语动词的数与前一个主语保持一致，所以此处谓语动词的数与the designer(设计者)保持一致，应用was interviewed，故填was interviewed。 24．（原创）Today, he is so good at woodcarving that his home city allows him to work his magic on old tree stumps and so far about 40 works of art (create) in the local parks. 【答案】have been created 【详解】考查现在完成时的被动语态。句意：如今，他的木雕技艺如此高超，家乡的城市允许他在老树桩上施展他的魔法，到目前为止，他在当地的公园已经创作了大约40件艺术品。根据上文“so far”可知应用现在完成时，且主语与谓语动词构成被动关系，故应用现在完成时的被动语态，主语为about 40 works of art，助动词用have。故填have been created。 25．Nine spacecrafts (send) to study Jupiter by now. The most recent was Juno, which arrived at the planet in July 2016. 【答案】have been sent 【详解】考查现在完成时的被动语态。句意：到目前为止，已经向木星发射了9艘宇宙飞船。最近的一次是朱诺号，它于2016年7月抵达火星。根据时间状语by now可知，此处应用现在完成时，且谓语动词与主语构成被动关系，所以用现在完成时的被动语态，主语Nine spacecrafts为复数，助动词用have。故填have been sent。 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 二、语篇填空 Passage1 （2026·广东广州·一模）With tourists around the world 1 (behave) badly in their pursuit to get the perfect Instagram shot, some destinations and tour 2 (operator) are working to get visitors to go beyond the selfie (自拍). Selfie culture isn’t new, and neither is “deviant (偏离常规的)behaviour”. But with the rise of “revenge travel” and “the fear of missing out”, overtourism — and selfie culture, a seemingly 3 (link ) consequence — has intensified. 4 efforts from destinations around the world that long for tourists to stop and enjoy the beautiful scenery without 5 (necessary) capturing every second on camera, there are visitors who “go against societal norms (规范)”, exhibiting behaviour that’s “ 6 (disrespect) for the culture”. Whether it’s dressing inappropriately in certain settings, posing in front of memorials 7 engaging in risky photo-taking behaviour, this behaviour can be problematic for both residents and visitors. However, the number of locals 8 object to tourists behaving badly is on the increase, and they’re voicing their concerns with authorities who are starting to take action. Now policymakers and governments 9 (put) measures in place to restrict travel to certain bucket-list sites. Some are even taking direct measures against photo shoots and selfie-takers. Some policies can be useful, and education and example-setting is also important, especially as some places may need the 10 (promote) as well as the resulting tourism dollars. 【答案】 1．behaving 2．operators 3．linked 4．Despite 5．necessarily 6．disrespectful 7．or 8．who/that 9．are putting 10．promotion 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了全球范围内部分游客为拍摄完美社交平台照片而行为失当的现象。 1．考查非谓语动词。句意：随着世界各地的游客为了拍出完美的照片墙（Instagram）照片而行为失当，一些目的地和旅游运营商正努力让游客不止于自拍。此处是“with + 宾语 + 宾语补足语”结构，“tourists”与“behave”之间是主动关系，需用现在分词“behaving”作宾语补足语。故填behaving。 2．考查名词复数。句意：随着世界各地的游客为了拍出完美的照片墙（Instagram）照片而行为失当，一些目的地和旅游运营商正努力让游客不止于自拍。“operator”是可数名词，前面有“some”修饰，需用复数形式“operators”，与“destinations”并列作主语。故填operators。 3．考查形容词。句意：但随着“报复性旅游”和“错失恐惧症”的兴起，过度旅游——以及自拍文化这一看似相关的后果——愈演愈烈。此处需用形容词作定语修饰名词“consequence”，表示“相关的、有联系的”；“link”是动词，其形容词形式为“linked”。故填linked。 4．考查介词。句意：尽管世界各地的目的地都在努力，希望游客能停下来欣赏美景，而不必每时每刻都用相机记录，但仍有一些游客“违背社会规范”，表现出“不尊重当地文化”的行为。根据前后句逻辑关系，前句讲“目的地的努力”，后句讲“部分游客仍行为失当”，存在让步关系，需用介词“despite”，后接名词短语“efforts from destinations around the world”，句首首字母大写。故填Despite。 5．考查副词。句意：尽管世界各地的目的地都在努力，希望游客能停下来欣赏美景，而不必每时每刻都用相机记录，但仍有一些游客“违背社会规范”，表现出“不尊重当地文化”的行为。此处需用副词作状语修饰动词“capturing”，表示“必要地、必然地”；“necessary”是形容词，其副词形式为“necessarily”，“without necessarily doing sth.”意为“不必做某事”。故填necessarily。 6．考查形容词。句意：尽管世界各地的目的地都在努力，希望游客能停下来欣赏美景，而不必每时每刻都用相机记录，但仍有一些游客“违背社会规范”，表现出“不尊重当地文化”的行为。此处是固定搭配“be disrespectful for...”，意为“不尊重……”，需用形容词“disrespectful”作表语。故填disrespectful。 7．考查连词。句意：无论是在某些场合穿着不当、在纪念碑前摆姿势拍照，还是参与危险的拍照行为，这种行为对当地居民和游客都可能产生问题。此处是固定搭配“whether...or...”，意为“无论是……还是……”，连接三个并列的动名词短语（dressing...、posing...、engaging...），表示选择关系。故填or。 8．考查定语从句关系词。句意：然而，反对游客行为失当的当地人数量正在增加，他们正向开始采取行动的当局表达担忧。此处引导定语从句，先行词是“locals”，指人，且关系词在从句中作主语，需用“who/that”引导。故填who/that。 9．考查动词时态与主谓一致。句意：现在，政策制定者和政府正在制定措施，限制前往某些热门景点的旅行。根据时间状语“Now”可知，句子需用现在进行时，强调当前正在进行的动作；主语“policymakers and governments”是复数，谓语动词用“are putting”。故填are putting。 10．考查名词。句意：一些政策可能有用，教育和示范也很重要，尤其是因为一些地方可能既需要宣传，也需要由此带来的旅游收入。此处需名词作“need”的宾语，“promote”是动词，其名词形式为“promotion”意为“宣传”符合句意，且为不可数名词。故填promotion。 Passage2 【新情境】阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 For the new school year that began in September, Chinese education authorities conducted ambitious “AI literacy programs” in primary and secondary schools nationwide, a move that is 1 line with the national “AI+” strategy. 2 (specific), all schools in Beijing are required to provide a basic AI course with at least eight class hours per academic year. Hangzhou offers a more comprehensive curriculum than 3 of last year, requiring at least ten hours annually across all grade levels. The curriculum is designed to match students’ development, 4 (start) with hands-on activities for young children. AI is also transforming the classroom environment at 5 rapid rate. In some schools, AI-powered robots co-teach lessons to increase student engagement 6 smart platforms help teachers grade homework more efficiently by giving 7 (time) personalized feedback. Some classrooms are even using brain-sensing headbands and AI analysis to help teachers adapt their methods in real-time. To support this transition, authorities are placing great 8 (emphasize) on teacher training and partnerships. Hangzhou 9 (establish) a framework to improve teachers’ AI skills and now is promoting collaboration among schools, universities, and tech companies. This effort is part of a nationwide push 10 (prepare) students for a future shaped by AI and to make AI education universally accessible by 2030. 【答案】 1．in 2．Specifically 3．that 4．starting 5．a 6．and/while 7．timely 8．emphasis 9．has established 10．to prepare 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了新学年伊始，中国教育部门为契合国家“AI+”战略，在全国中小学推行“人工智能素养提升计划”的具体举措及其深远意义。 1．考查固定短语。句意：在9月开始的新学年，中国教育部门在全国中小学开展了雄心勃勃的“人工智能素养提升计划”，此举符合国家“AI+”战略。in line with表示“与…… 一致”，此处指“AI素养计划”符合国家“AI+” 战略。故填in。 2．考查副词。句意：具体来说，北京的所有学校都必须提供每学年至少8学时的人工智能基础课程。此处需用副词修饰整个句子，specific（形容词，具体的）变形为specifically（副词，具体来说），引出后文各地学校的具体要求。首字母大写。故填Specifically。 3．考查代词。句意：杭州的课程比去年更加全面，所有年级每年至少需要10个小时。此处为代词that指代前文提到的 “curriculum（课程设置）”，避免重复。故填that。 4．考查非谓语动词。句意：课程的设计与学生的发展相匹配，从幼儿的动手活动开始。此处为非谓语动词作状语，逻辑主语“The curriculum”与“start”是主动关系，故用现在分词短语“starting with…”作状语，表伴随。故填starting。 5．考查冠词。句意：人工智能也在快速改变着课堂环境。at a rapid rate 表示 “以快的速度”，rate是可数名词单数，需用不定冠词a修饰。故填a。 6．考查连词。句意：在一些学校，人工智能机器人共同授课，以提高学生的参与度，智能平台通过及时提供个性化反馈，帮助教师更有效地批改作业。前后句“AI 机器人协同授课”与 “智能平台辅助批改作业”是并列或对比关系，while（表对比，然而）或and（表并列，并且）均符合语境。故填and/ while。 7．考查副词。句意：在一些学校，人工智能机器人共同授课，以提高学生的参与度，智能平台通过及时提供个性化反馈，帮助教师更有效地批改作业。此处需形容词修饰名词“personalized feedback”，time（名词，时间）变形为timely（形容词，及时的），表示 “及时的个性化反馈”。故填timely。 8．考查名词。句意：为了支持这一转变，当局非常重视教师培训和伙伴关系。此处为固定搭配place emphasis on 表示“重视……”，emphasize（动词，强调）变形为名词emphasis。故填emphasis。 9．考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：杭州已经建立了一个框架来提高教师的人工智能技能，现在正在促进学校、大学和科技公司之间的合作。后文“now is promoting”表明“建立框架”是已完成的动作，且对现在产生影响，用现在完成时，结合主语Hangzhou为第三人称单数，所以此处填has established。故填has established。 10．考查动词不定式。句意：这一努力是全国范围内努力的一部分，让学生为人工智能塑造的未来做好准备，并在2030年之前普及人工智能教育。push后接不定式作定语，a push to do sth 表示“推动做某事”，此处指 “推动学生为 AI 塑造的未来做准备”。故填to prepare。 1 / 12 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $