Unit 8 Grammar 语法情态动词表推测 课件 2025-2026学年人教版（2012）英语九年级全册

Learning goals: 复习部分情态动词的用法 1 2 情态动词的新用法—情态动词表示推测 复习情态动词用法 动词的种类: _ _ _ _ (连)系动词 行为(实义)动词 情态动词 助动词 情态动词的定义 英语中,表示说话人的情绪,态度或语气的动词。 复习学过的情态动词 A game-Qick mind Modal verbs can/could 能,会 may/might 也许,可能 应该 shall/should will/would must need have to had better dare 将会 必须 需要 敢 不得不 最好 情态动词的特点: ① 后接动词原形 ② 没有人称和数的变化(have to除外) ③ 帮助构成否定句/疑问句及简短答语。构成否定句时,在其后加not;构成疑问句时,将其提前(have to除外) They have to go home . She has to go home . They don’t have to go home She doesn’t have to go home . Do they have to go home? Does she have to go home? have to有人称,数的变化,疑问或否定句要借 助动词来构成。 注意: have to 不遵循②、③特点 He can speak English. They can speak English. 结论: He can’t speak English. Can he speak English? Yes, he can. No, he can’t. can / can not 1. 表示能力 (会) 1) Mary can speak English, but she can not speak French. 2) Can you lift this heavy box? 3) Can you skate? 2. 表示允许 (可以) 1)Can I use your dictionary? 2)- Can I go home now? - Yes, you can. / No, you can’t. 1. 是can 的过去式; 表示过去的能力; He could ride a bike at the age of five. 2. 用于婉转语气,多用于问句。“能,可以” Could you please clean the room? - Could I come to see you tomorrow? - Yes, you can. ( No, you can’t. ) 此处 could 不是过去式,只是语气更委婉, 答语中不能用could和 couldn’t,要用can 和 can’t。 could may / may not, might 1. 表示允许或征求对方意见(可以), 比can 正式. May I come in? He may come if he likes. may的用法: might 是 may 的过去式。 2. 表祝愿 May you succeed. 祝你成功。 may / may not may(可以)的一般疑问句,否定回答用can’t/mustn’t(禁止/不许可/不能)。 1. -May I go home now? -Yes, you may. / Sure. / Yes, please. No, you can’t./ mustn’t. 2. -May I use your washroom now? -No, you _. There’s something wrong with the toilet. A. needn’t B. mustn’t C. shouldn’t D. didn’t B must / must not must必须,表示说话人的主观意志。 You must do your homework first. must 的用法: mustn’t 表示禁止 ,不准,不允许。 You mustn’t smoke here. You mustn’t play with fire. must not的用法: must / must not 以must开头的疑问句, 肯定回答:Yes , …must. 否定回答: No, … needn’t/ don’t have to(不必). - Must I clean the classroom now? - Yes, you_ . - No, you _ . / No, you _ . must needn’t don’t have to need作情态动词,主要用于疑问句和否定句中 need 一般疑问句: 肯定回答用 Yes, … must, 否定回答用 No,…needn’t . 或 No,…don’t have to. 如: Need I do it now? Yes, you _。 No, you _ . need 作行为动词,有人称、数和时态的 变化后接to do, 即 need to do sth.。 need must needn’t / don’t have to. ④情态动词的肯定回答, 用开头的词来回答. - May I go now? -Yes, you may. ⑤情态动词疑问句的否定回答,用相应的否定形式. -Can she swim? -No, she can’t. 但may 和 must 的一般疑问句的否定回答, 分别用 _ ; _。 mustn’t / can’t. needn’t / don’t have to Must I leave here now? No, you don’t have to. No, you needn’t. May he go home? No, he can’t. No, he mustn’t. .用适当的情态动词填空:。 1. I can play football. _you swim? 2. I can’t play with you. I _finish my homework first. 3. I_ get up early tomorrow. because I have a meeting. 4. Nobody _live without air. Can must must can 5._I come in ?Yes ,please. 6. _you please tell me where the station is ? 7. Must I finish the work now ? No, you _. 8. -Need I take this book out? -Yes , you _ . A. can B. may C. need D. must 9. _ the girl read before she went to school? A. Can B. Must C. Can D. Could May Could needn’t D D ( )1. -Must we clean the classroom before breakfast? -No, you _. can’t B. may not C. mustn’t D. needn’t ( )2. -Can you tell us the story in English? -No, I_. A. needn’t B. don’t C. won’t D. can’t ( )3.-May I take the books out of the room? - No, you _. A. may not B. mustn’t C. needn’t D. don’t ( )4. You _ go there at once. A. haven’t to B. doesn’t have to B. don’t have to D. not have to There is a book on the desk. Whose book is this? 它可能是…的。 它不可能/一定不是…的,…的字没这么烂。 它肯定/一定是…的。上面写着…的名字呢。 它可能不是…的。 红色的字都是表示_, 英语中用_表示推测。 有肯定推测(肯定句),否定推测(否定句)和疑问推测(疑问句)。可能性会有大有小。 推测 情态动词 它可能是…的吗? 一、肯定推测 可能性(大-小):must>can>could>may>might 一定/肯定 可能 must表示有把握的肯定推测,意为“一定/肯定”,只用于肯定句。 The book must be Lucy’s. Because her name is on it. The light is on. He must be at home. After a long walk, the old man must be tired now. 注意:must的否定结构是_, 意为“不可能/一定不” can’t She can’t be a teacher. That can’t be Mr. Wang. He is at home now. can/could/may/might表示把握不大的肯定推测,意为“可能”。 Can this be true? You could be wrong. He might be at home. The story may be true. 注意:can表示理论上的可能性时(但实际并未会发生),可用于肯定句;表示具体事情发生的可能性时,常用于否定句/疑问句 An accident can happen in such weather.(理论上可能) 二、否定推测 可能性(大-小):must>can>could>may>might can’t/couldn’t表示有把握的否定推测,意为“不可能/一定不”(couldn’t比can’t语气缓和) He can’t be at home. He is on vacation. This coat may not be Peter’s(belong to Peter). may not/might not表示不太有把握的否定推测,意为“可能不”。 可能性(大-小):can’t>couldn’t>may not>might not 一定/肯定 可能 不可能/一定不 可能不 三、疑问推测 一般只用can/could(可能) Can he survive(存活) on the Mars? Could he be saved? 情态动词表推测时,无时态区别,只有语气差别。 1. 肯定句:must,may ,might , could,can 情态动词表推测的三种句式 2. 否定句: may not / might not, can’t / couldn’t 3. 疑问句: can / could 1. Peter _ come with us tonight, but he isn’t very sure yet. A. must B. may C. can D. will 2. I thought you _ like something to read, so I have brought you some books. A. may B. might C. can D. must 4.-What’s the time now? - It’s seven. It’s still early. You_ worry about the time. A. can’t B. needn’t C. mustn't D. may not 3.-_the man there be our math teacher ? -He _be, but I’m not sure. A. May, can’t B. Can, can’t C. Can, may D. May, mustn’t B C 1.-Who is the man over there? Is It Mr. Li? - No, it_ be him. Mr. Li is much taller. A. mustn’t B. may not C. can’t D. needn’t. 2. _ I read the newspaper on your desk? I’d like to read today’s SARS news. A. Do B. Must C. Can D. Need 3. -May I take the new magazine home from the reading-room? -No, you_. A. needn’t B. mustn’t C. may not D. shouldn’t 4. -Where is Jack, please? -He _ be in the reading room. A. Can B. need C. would D. must 21 5. Sandra didn’t come to school today. I think she _ be ill. A. shall B. can C. must D. should 6. This key _be Peter’s. His is still in the lock. A. may not B. can’t C. mustn’t D. needn’t 7. It_ rain this afternoon, but I’m not sure. A. will B. can C. must D. may 8. Henry _be at home because he phoned me from the farm just now. A. mustn’t B. may not C. can’t D. needn’t 9.-I’m sorry I didn't win the game. -Well, that’s OK. You_ win every time. A. mustn’t B. may not C. can’t D. shouldn't C 22 用must, could, might, can’t 填空。 1. -Look! That woman looks like our English teacher. -It _be her. She has gone to Shenzhen. can’t 2. –Whose pen is this? -It _be Jack’s. He did his homework here just now. must 3. He likes reading. Now he _be reading in the library. might/could 4. -Is that boy Wang Hai? -It _be him. He’s much taller. can’t 5.The man with glasses must be our English teacher.(改为否定推测) The man with glasses _ _our English teacher. can’t be e.g. She must arrive before 5. Paul might go to Shanghai next month. 1. 情态动词 + 动词原形 情态动词表推测的不同时态 2. 情态动词 + be doing e.g. It’s 2:00 a.m. Lucy must be sleeping now. 对现在/将来的推测 对现在/将来正在进行的事情的推测 3. 情态动词 + have done 对过去或已经完成的事情的推测 e.g. The ground is wet. It must have rained last night. 1 情态动词表推测 1.You have worked hard all day. You _tired. 你辛苦干一整天,一定累了。(对现在情况的推测判断) must be 2. — What’s the matter with Tom? He has been absent for two days. — Oh! He_ to Beijing on business. A. can go B. may go C. may have gone D. must go C 3. — Where is Bill? — He_ in the library now. A. can read B. may read C. must read D. might be reading D 1. It is eleven o’clock. They _ ( have ) classes. 2. She is smiling. She _ (know) the good news. must be having must have known 3.Someone _here just now. 刚才一定有人在这里抽烟了。 must have smoked 4.—Where is Tom? I can’t find him. —I’m not sure. He _ books in the library now. A.must read B.must be reading C.might read D.might be reading D Summary 一、复习情态动词用法一 二、学习情态动词法二-推测(guessing) 否定推测-一定不 肯定推测-一定,准是 must can’t 没有把握推测-可能,也许 疑问句的推测-可能……吧 may, might, could can Modal verbs 特 点 ① 后接动词原形 ② 没有人称和数的变化 ③ 构成否定句时,在其后加“not” 构成疑问句时,将其提前 ④肯定回答, 用开头的词来回答. ⑤否定回答,通常用相应的否定形式. have to may和 must 推 测 whose(adj./pron.)谁的(who的所有格)。用来询问物体的所属关系。既可放在名词前作定语,也可单独使用。 句型:Whose (+名词)+一般疑问句? This is Tom’s book.(划线提问) _book is this? Whose This book is Tom’s.(划线提问) _is this book? Whose Whose …is this? =Whose is this…? 这是谁的…? 1.Whose truck is that ? (同义句) _ is that _ ? 2. That is my father’s shirt. (就划线部分提问) _ shirt _ _ ? 3. By _ the car was invented? Whose is that Whose truck whom belong to属于(主语通常为物) 4. 属于某人/归某人所有 belong to sb.(名词/代词宾格) =_+_(名词性物主代词/名词所有格) The hair bans must belong to Carla. =The hair band must be Carla’s/hers. 1. 不能用于进行时态 2. 不能用于被动语态 3. belong to +名词或代词(宾格) be sb.’s It’s Li Ping’s. = It belongs to Li Ping. It is mine/yours/hers/his/ours... = It belongs to me/you/her/him/us. 1.The book must be Tom’s. (改为同义句) The book _ _ _ _. 2. This bike is mine. (同义句) This bike _. 3. 1. Who is the owner of the black box? (同义句转换) _ does the black box _ _ ? must belong to Tom belongs to me Who/Whom belong to 4. -Whose storybook is this? - It _ Jack. I saw him reading just now. A. must be B. must belong to C. is D. be belong to B $