Unit 1 Saving the Earth（话题阅读精练）英语牛津上海版九年级下册

Unit 1 Saving the Earth （话题阅读精练） 模块 语篇 题型 体裁 词数 内容简介 时文阅读 Passage 1 阅读理解 说明文 151 阐述地球面临的环境挑战，以及全球合作、青少年行动和日常行动带来的希望，呼吁共同保护地球 实战演练 阅读理解 A 记叙文 约 200 作者从漠视到参与红海龟保护的经历，呼吁保护动物、人与自然和谐共处 B 记叙文 约 180 介绍四位年轻人为保护地球所做的努力，包括保护熊猫、正确种植等 C 说明文 约 220 分析地球面临的气候变化、淡水短缺等环境问题，提及保护进展并传递希望 完形填空 A 说明文 约 120 介绍学生加入环保俱乐部，通过无垃圾午餐、无车日等活动帮助学校减少污染 B 书信 约 210 作者表达对当地湿地破坏的担忧，强调湿地重要性并寻求保护建议 短文填空 短文填空 说明文 约 230 介绍化石燃料的缺点、氢气作为替代燃料的优势及当前面临的技术难题 任务型阅读 任务型阅读 说明文 约 200 解释 “食物里程” 概念、影响因素，提出减少食物里程的环保建议 时文阅读 A Call for Global Action Our planet is facing serious environmental challenges. 2024 was recorded as the hottest year in history, with extreme weather like heatwaves in India and wildfires in the UK becoming more frequent. Glaciers in Europe are melting rapidly, and 84% of the world’s coral reefs have been affected by bleaching due to rising sea temperatures. Plastic pollution is another big threat—tiny plastic pieces harm wildlife and enter the food chain, endangering both animals and humans. However, there is hope in global cooperation and youth action. Nearly 200 countries have agreed to gradually phase out fossil fuels, marking a key step in fighting climate change. Young people around the world are leading the way: Chinese students launch "zero-waste campus" projects, while youth in South Africa use creative "artivism" to raise awareness about plastic pollution. Simple daily actions also matter—using reusable bags, sorting waste, and choosing renewable energy like solar power can all make a difference. Saving the Earth is not just the responsibility of governments or activists. It requires everyone’s effort. As UN Secretary-General António Guterres said, "We cannot, should not, and will never give up on climate action." Let’s join hands to protect our shared home for a sustainable future. 【翻译】 全球行动的号召 我们的星球正面临严峻的环境挑战。2024 年被记录为历史上最热的一年，印度的热浪、英国的野火等极端天气愈发频繁。欧洲的冰川正在快速融化，由于海水温度上升，全球 84% 的珊瑚礁已受到白化现象的影响。塑料污染是另一大威胁 —— 微小的塑料碎片危害野生动物，并进入食物链，对动物和人类都构成危险。 然而，全球合作与青少年行动带来了希望。近 200 个国家已同意逐步淘汰化石燃料，这标志着应对气候变化的关键一步。世界各地的青少年正走在前列：中国学生发起 “零废弃校园” 项目，南非的年轻人则通过富有创意的 “艺术行动” 来提高人们对塑料污染的认识。日常的简单行动也很重要 —— 使用可重复使用的袋子、垃圾分类以及选择太阳能等可再生能源，都能产生积极影响。 拯救地球不仅仅是政府或活动家的责任。它需要每个人的努力。正如联合国秘书长安东尼奥・古特雷斯所说：“我们不能、不应也绝不会放弃气候行动。” 让我们携手合作，保护我们共同的家园，共创可持续的未来。 【长难句分析】 ① 长难句及其翻译和分析 1.原句：2024 was recorded as the hottest year in history, with extreme weather like heatwaves in India and wildfires in the UK becoming more frequent. 翻译：2024 年被记录为历史上最热的一年，印度的热浪、英国的野火等极端天气愈发频繁。 分析：句子主干为 “2024 was recorded as the hottest year”，“with extreme weather...becoming more frequent” 是介词短语作伴随状语，“like heatwaves in India and wildfires in the UK” 用于举例说明 extreme weather 的具体类型。 2.原句：Young people around the world are leading the way: Chinese students launch "zero-waste campus" projects, while youth in South Africa use creative "artivism" to raise awareness about plastic pollution. 翻译：世界各地的青少年正走在前列：中国学生发起 “零废弃校园” 项目，南非的年轻人则通过富有创意的 “艺术行动” 来提高人们对塑料污染的认识。 分析：冒号前为主句，冒号后是并列分句，由 “while” 连接，表对比关系。“to raise awareness about plastic pollution” 是不定式短语作目的状语，说明 “使用艺术行动” 的目的。 3.原句：It requires everyone’s effort, as UN Secretary-General António Guterres said, "We cannot, should not, and will never give up on climate action." 翻译：它需要每个人的努力，正如联合国秘书长安东尼奥・古特雷斯所说：“我们不能、不应也绝不会放弃气候行动。” 分析：句子主干为 “It requires everyone’s effort”，“as” 引导非限制性定语从句，指代前文内容，引号内是直接引语，作 said 的宾语。 【重难词汇梳理】 词汇 汉语翻译 词性 发音（音标） challenge 挑战 n. /ˈtʃælɪndʒ/ extreme 极端的 adj. /ɪkˈstriːm/ frequent 频繁的 adj. /ˈfriːkwənt/ glacier 冰川 n. /ˈɡleɪʃə(r)/ coral reef 珊瑚礁 n. /ˈkɒrəl riːf/ pollution 污染 n. /pəˈluːʃn/ wildlife 野生动物 n. /ˈwaɪldlaɪf/ cooperation 合作 n. /kəʊˌɒpəˈreɪʃn/ fossil fuel 化石燃料 n. /ˈfɒsl fjuːəl/ renewable 可再生的 adj. /rɪˈnjuːəbl/ sustainable 可持续的 adj. /səˈsteɪnəbl/ responsibility 责任 n. /rɪˌspɒnsəˈbɪləti/ effort 努力 n. /ˈefət/ awareness 意识 n. /əˈweənəs/ recycle 回收利用 v. /ˌriːˈsaɪkl/ 实战演练 一、阅读理解 A I never used to care about animals or the environment. But when I knew some animals were in danger, I changed my mind. I decided to look after them and protect them. I always enjoy watching the sea, so I joined an organization to protect loggerhead turtles last summer. I learned a lot about loggerhead turtles there. They are disappearing because people have built houses near the sandy beaches where loggerhead turtles lay their eggs. Also, baby loggerhead turtles sometimes need the moonlight to find the sea. But if there is a town near the beach, the baby loggerhead turtles will be misled (误导) by the lights and they may never reach the sea. In this case, they may die. Besides, loggerhead turtles may eat plastic rubbish from the town, which is harmful to their health. They need clean beaches to live safely. I had an interesting job. Every day, I searched for loggerhead turtle nests and counted the eggs in them. Then I put cages around the nests. At night, I checked the beach to make sure that no animals were trying to eat the eggs. I also cleaned the beach and helped baby loggerhead turtles return to the sea. It was great fun. Animals are our good friends, so we have the responsibility to protect them. A world without animals would be a “grey” world. Humans and animals should live together in harmony (和谐). 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 1．When did the writer join the organization? A．Last spring. B．Last summer. C．Last autumn. D．Last winter. 2．What is introduced in Paragraph 2 about loggerhead turtles? A．The way of cleaning the beaches. B．The result of protecting baby loggerhead turtles. C．The location of loggerhead turtles’ home. D．The reason for the disappearance of loggerhead turtles. 3．What did the writer put around the nests? A．Cages. B．Baby loggerhead turtles. C．Food. D．Loggerhead turtles’ eggs. 4．What’s the purpose of the text? A．To warn people not to swim in the sea. B．To call on more and more people to protect animals. C．To encourage people to join an organization actively. D．To show the relationship between humans and animals. 5．Which of the following can be the best title for the text? A．My Wonderful Summer Holiday B．The Importance of Protecting Wild Animals C．My Experience of Protecting Loggerhead Turtles D．The Habits of Loggerhead Turtles B Young Heroes for the PlanetNowadays, people around the world are working to help our planet. Check out how the four young adults made a difference. Saving PandasWhen Jack was 11, he started a group to teach kids about pandas. He also sold toy pandas to raise money to protect pandas in danger. “I hope to encourage more people to care about pandas,” Jack says. Growing RightKathy,14, set up an organization to educate people about growing plants in right places. She also wrote a book to help people learn what plants are suitable to their area. Creating EnergyAt the age of 12, Linda invented a machine called SuperE. It collects heat from fields to make electricity. Linda says her invention creates electricity in a way that is less harmful to the environment. Cleaning UpPatrick, 13, joined the Ocean Heroes Camp last year. He started a project and picked up plastic waste around nearby lakes with his friends. The goal of the project was to fight plastic pollution. 1．_________ started a group to teach kids about pandas. A．Jack B．Kathy C．Linda D．Patrick 2．If you want to do something to protect the panda, you can _________. A．buy toy pandas to raise money B．buy a book to learn C．use Linda’s new machine D．join the Ocean Heroes Camp 3．The underlined words “suitable” means ________. A．familiar B．equal C．right D．similar 4．Linda was ________ years old when she invented SuperE. A．11 B．12 C．13 D．14 5．According to the passage, Patrick’s project will make ________. A．less plastic waste B．fewer ocean animals C．the water in the lake dirty D．the living environment greener 6．The list above is aimed at ________. A．helping students find their hobbies B．introducing four students’ new inventions C．calling on people to protect our planet D．providing advice on protecting the planet C Thanks to Earth, we have fresh air to breathe, clean water to drink and warm sunshine to enjoy. But it seems that we may think these things are normal and not realize that our planet is getting “sick”. Among all the environmental problems, climate change sits at the top. Global average (平均的) temperatures have risen by more than 0.5°C since 1992. A half-degree temperature rise is a big thing. It means that heat waves can last around one third longer and rainstorms will be about one third stronger. The increase in sea levels will be much higher, according to NASA．Countries like Singapore that are at low places may be covered by the ocean in the future. But this is not the only problem people are facing. It’s getting harder to get fresh water. Ocean pollution has become serious. Since 1992, the human population has grown by 2 billion, while the populations of all other animals have fallen by nearly 30 percent. Scientists say that we are experiencing the sixth huge extinction in history. More than two-thirds of the world’s wildlife could be gone by the end of the decade (十年) if action isn’t taken soon, according to the World Wildlife Fund. The Amur leopard, black rhino and Cross River gorilla are some animals that are in danger of dying out completely. However, we have made some progress by making the hole in the ozone layer smaller. That’s because we gradually stopped using chemicals that can break down ozone. This shows that when we make quick and strong decisions, we can make positive changes. 1．What may happen if global average temperatures rise by 0.5°C? A．The ocean will cover China. B．Cold waves can last a third longer. C．Sea levels will be three times higher. D．Rainstorms will be more serious. 2．What does the underlined word “extinction” probably mean? A．繁殖 B．灭绝 C．迁徙 D．进化 3．Which of the following environmental problems are mentioned in the text? ①Air pollution. ②Ocean pollution. ③Fewer animals. ④Smaller ozone layer. A．①② B．②④ C．①③ D．②③ 4．What’s the writer’s attitude (态度) to the future of our planet? A．Negative. B．Doubtful. C．Hopeful. D．Proud. 5．How have we made the hole in the ozone layer smaller? A．By the increase in sea levels. B．By gradually stopped using chemicals that can break down ozone. C．By getting the fresh water. D．By the growth of the human population 6．What’s the structure of the passage? A． B． C． D． 二、完形填空 A In most parts of the world, many students help their schools make less pollution. They join 1 . In a meaningful club, people work together to make our environment clean. Here are some things students often do. No-garbage (垃圾) lunches. How much garbage do you throw away 2 lunch? Environment clubs ask students to bring their lunches with bags that can be used again. Every week, they will choose the classes that make the least garbage and report them to the whole school. No-car day. On the no-car day, 3 comes to school in a car. Neither the students nor the teachers! Cars give pollution to the air. 4 remember: walk, bike or run. Use your legs! It’s lots of fun! 5 the water! Do you know that some toilets could waste twenty to forty cubic (立方) metres of water an hour? In a year, to our surprise, that can 6 a small river! In environment clubs, students repair those broken toilets themselves. We love the environment. Let’s work together and make it clean. 1．A．no-car day B．environment clubs C．no-garbage lunches D．music groups 2．A．since B．until C．before D．after 3．A．somebody B．anybody C．everybody D．nobody 4．A．So B．And C．But D．Or 5．A．Turn on B．Turn up C．Turn off D．Turn down 6．A．fill B．produce C．manage D．change B Choose the best answer and complete the passage (选择最恰当的单词或短语选项完成短文) Dear Environmental Scientists, My name is Wang Li. I am writing to express my 1 about the destruction (破坏) of the wetland in my local area. The temperature in the wetlands is usually neither too high nor too low. There is lots of rain and sunshine, too. Wetlands are really good places for wildlife to live. However, offering food and homes to some animals and plants isn’t the only reason why we should protect wetlands. Wetlands are important because they can also help stop floods. When I was a child, the wetland near my home was a beautiful ecosystem. It 2 a peaceful place for people to relax. I spent hours watching the water birds and other wildlife in the wetland at that time. Unluckily, over the years, the wetland has been slowly destructed by human activities. Some farmers have changed the wetland into fields in order to plant rice. 3 , road and airport building and the industry of fish farming have been harmful to this once-beautiful ecosystem. The water is now polluted, and the wildlife that once lived here has to leave. This has had a huge influence on the water birds that 4 wetlands for a living. It’s time to protect the wetland. But how can we 5 people’s awareness of the importance of protecting the wetland? I hope you can give me some suggestions. I hope everyone can take action to protect the wetland in our local area and make it as beautiful as it 6 be. Sincerely, Wang Li 1．A．interest B．knowledge C．worry D．courage 2．A．compared B．provided C．changed D．chose 3．A．In addition B．However C．Instead D．Therefore 4．A．care about B．depend on C．prepare for D．respond to 5．A．imagine B．control C．guess D．raise 6．A．used to B．is used to C．get used to D．used for 三、短文填空 Fill in the blanks with proper words (在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺。每空格限填一词，首字母已给)     We are now living in the modern society. Most of the energy we use for heating, lighting, transportation and manufacturing (制造业) comes from fossil (化石) fuels. These are carbon-based fuels from oil, coal and natural gas. When we burn these fuels, they release heat and o 1 the energy.     There are three main disadvantages to using these fuels. Firstly, they are causing climate problems because of the Greenhouse Effect. When we burn fossil fuels they produce carbon dioxide which causes global warming. Secondly, when we have used up all our coal, oil and natural gas, we will have n 2 left to burn. Thirdly, they are not very efficient. The internal combustion engine (内燃机) that we use in most cars, trucks and buses, for example, is only about 14% efficient.     Scientists are working on another fuel—hydrogen (氢气). There are a couple of a 3 to using hydrogen as a fuel. Firstly, because about 70% of the earth’s surface is water and water is made of hydrogen and oxygen. There is an almost unlimited supply of hydrogen. B 4 , burning hydrogen does not cause global warming. More importantly, it is much more efficient than carbon-based fuels.     Unfortunately, there are problems with hydrogen at the p 5 time: there is the problem of separating (分离) it from water cheaply, and there is the difficulty of storing it. It can be stored under pressure but high pressure tanks are far from safe. It can also be stored as a liquid but only at e 6 low temperatures. It s 7 likely, therefore, that there will have to be a completely new technology before hydrogen replaces fossil fuels. Solving these problems is an urgent (急迫的) matter. Although China, India and Australia have huge amounts of cheap coal, and there are still large oil and gas reserves (储藏量) elsewhere, the effects on the planet will be bad if they are used. 四、任务型阅读 Answer the questions. (根据短文内容回答问题) Do you know where your food comes from? How far do the milk, apples, coffee beans and other items you eat travel to reach you? What we eat shapes us. But the decisions we make on what we eat can also shape the world around us. Starting to check your food miles is an important step to saving the Earth. Food miles refer to the distance your food travels before it reaches you. From farm to fork, the shorter the distance, the better the food will be for your health and the environment. Food miles are a rather modern idea. Throughout most of human history, people have eaten food grown locally. But over the past few decades (十年), the world has become highly connected. We have become used to having a wide range of global foods. We buy tropical fruits rather than those grown in our local climate. We expect fresh, green products (尤指农产品) even when there is snow on the ground. When we calculate food miles, we shouldn’t just think about the exact number of miles. It depends on many factors (因素), such as how damaging these miles can be. For one thing, the mode of transportation is important. Air travel, for example, allows food to travel quickly. However, this speedy delivery system causes a carbon footprint about 50 times bigger than that of the much slower transportation of food by sea. Working out the environmental cost of what we eat can be hard. The simple truth is that most of us can do far better than what we do now. Whenever you can, buy food from local farmers and eat in-season fruits and vegetables. 1．People have been talking about food miles for the past few centuries, haven’t they? 2．According to the author, what are food miles? 3．What examples did the author use to show people’s habit of buying global food?  (Give 1 example.) 4．What are the advantage and disadvantage of transporting food by air? 5．According to the author, how can we reduce our food miles? 6．Apart from the author’s suggestions, what do you think we can do to reduce our food miles? (Give at least 2 examples.) 试卷第1页，共3页 1 / 14 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 1 Saving the Earth （话题阅读精练） 模块 语篇 题型 体裁 词数 内容简介 时文阅读 Passage 1 阅读理解 说明文 151 阐述地球面临的环境挑战，以及全球合作、青少年行动和日常行动带来的希望，呼吁共同保护地球 实战演练 阅读理解 A 记叙文 约 200 作者从漠视到参与红海龟保护的经历，呼吁保护动物、人与自然和谐共处 B 记叙文 约 180 介绍四位年轻人为保护地球所做的努力，包括保护熊猫、正确种植等 C 说明文 约 220 分析地球面临的气候变化、淡水短缺等环境问题，提及保护进展并传递希望 完形填空 A 说明文 约 120 介绍学生加入环保俱乐部，通过无垃圾午餐、无车日等活动帮助学校减少污染 B 书信 约 210 作者表达对当地湿地破坏的担忧，强调湿地重要性并寻求保护建议 短文填空 短文填空 说明文 约 230 介绍化石燃料的缺点、氢气作为替代燃料的优势及当前面临的技术难题 任务型阅读 任务型阅读 说明文 约 200 解释 “食物里程” 概念、影响因素，提出减少食物里程的环保建议 时文阅读 A Call for Global Action Our planet is facing serious environmental challenges. 2024 was recorded as the hottest year in history, with extreme weather like heatwaves in India and wildfires in the UK becoming more frequent. Glaciers in Europe are melting rapidly, and 84% of the world’s coral reefs have been affected by bleaching due to rising sea temperatures. Plastic pollution is another big threat—tiny plastic pieces harm wildlife and enter the food chain, endangering both animals and humans. However, there is hope in global cooperation and youth action. Nearly 200 countries have agreed to gradually phase out fossil fuels, marking a key step in fighting climate change. Young people around the world are leading the way: Chinese students launch "zero-waste campus" projects, while youth in South Africa use creative "artivism" to raise awareness about plastic pollution. Simple daily actions also matter—using reusable bags, sorting waste, and choosing renewable energy like solar power can all make a difference. Saving the Earth is not just the responsibility of governments or activists. It requires everyone’s effort. As UN Secretary-General António Guterres said, "We cannot, should not, and will never give up on climate action." Let’s join hands to protect our shared home for a sustainable future. 【翻译】 全球行动的号召 我们的星球正面临严峻的环境挑战。2024 年被记录为历史上最热的一年，印度的热浪、英国的野火等极端天气愈发频繁。欧洲的冰川正在快速融化，由于海水温度上升，全球 84% 的珊瑚礁已受到白化现象的影响。塑料污染是另一大威胁 —— 微小的塑料碎片危害野生动物，并进入食物链，对动物和人类都构成危险。 然而，全球合作与青少年行动带来了希望。近 200 个国家已同意逐步淘汰化石燃料，这标志着应对气候变化的关键一步。世界各地的青少年正走在前列：中国学生发起 “零废弃校园” 项目，南非的年轻人则通过富有创意的 “艺术行动” 来提高人们对塑料污染的认识。日常的简单行动也很重要 —— 使用可重复使用的袋子、垃圾分类以及选择太阳能等可再生能源，都能产生积极影响。 拯救地球不仅仅是政府或活动家的责任。它需要每个人的努力。正如联合国秘书长安东尼奥・古特雷斯所说：“我们不能、不应也绝不会放弃气候行动。” 让我们携手合作，保护我们共同的家园，共创可持续的未来。 【长难句分析】 ① 长难句及其翻译和分析 1.原句：2024 was recorded as the hottest year in history, with extreme weather like heatwaves in India and wildfires in the UK becoming more frequent. 翻译：2024 年被记录为历史上最热的一年，印度的热浪、英国的野火等极端天气愈发频繁。 分析：句子主干为 “2024 was recorded as the hottest year”，“with extreme weather...becoming more frequent” 是介词短语作伴随状语，“like heatwaves in India and wildfires in the UK” 用于举例说明 extreme weather 的具体类型。 2.原句：Young people around the world are leading the way: Chinese students launch "zero-waste campus" projects, while youth in South Africa use creative "artivism" to raise awareness about plastic pollution. 翻译：世界各地的青少年正走在前列：中国学生发起 “零废弃校园” 项目，南非的年轻人则通过富有创意的 “艺术行动” 来提高人们对塑料污染的认识。 分析：冒号前为主句，冒号后是并列分句，由 “while” 连接，表对比关系。“to raise awareness about plastic pollution” 是不定式短语作目的状语，说明 “使用艺术行动” 的目的。 3.原句：It requires everyone’s effort, as UN Secretary-General António Guterres said, "We cannot, should not, and will never give up on climate action." 翻译：它需要每个人的努力，正如联合国秘书长安东尼奥・古特雷斯所说：“我们不能、不应也绝不会放弃气候行动。” 分析：句子主干为 “It requires everyone’s effort”，“as” 引导非限制性定语从句，指代前文内容，引号内是直接引语，作 said 的宾语。 【重难词汇梳理】 词汇 汉语翻译 词性 发音（音标） challenge 挑战 n. /ˈtʃælɪndʒ/ extreme 极端的 adj. /ɪkˈstriːm/ frequent 频繁的 adj. /ˈfriːkwənt/ glacier 冰川 n. /ˈɡleɪʃə(r)/ coral reef 珊瑚礁 n. /ˈkɒrəl riːf/ pollution 污染 n. /pəˈluːʃn/ wildlife 野生动物 n. /ˈwaɪldlaɪf/ cooperation 合作 n. /kəʊˌɒpəˈreɪʃn/ fossil fuel 化石燃料 n. /ˈfɒsl fjuːəl/ renewable 可再生的 adj. /rɪˈnjuːəbl/ sustainable 可持续的 adj. /səˈsteɪnəbl/ responsibility 责任 n. /rɪˌspɒnsəˈbɪləti/ effort 努力 n. /ˈefət/ awareness 意识 n. /əˈweənəs/ recycle 回收利用 v. /ˌriːˈsaɪkl/ 实战演练 一、阅读理解 A I never used to care about animals or the environment. But when I knew some animals were in danger, I changed my mind. I decided to look after them and protect them. I always enjoy watching the sea, so I joined an organization to protect loggerhead turtles last summer. I learned a lot about loggerhead turtles there. They are disappearing because people have built houses near the sandy beaches where loggerhead turtles lay their eggs. Also, baby loggerhead turtles sometimes need the moonlight to find the sea. But if there is a town near the beach, the baby loggerhead turtles will be misled (误导) by the lights and they may never reach the sea. In this case, they may die. Besides, loggerhead turtles may eat plastic rubbish from the town, which is harmful to their health. They need clean beaches to live safely. I had an interesting job. Every day, I searched for loggerhead turtle nests and counted the eggs in them. Then I put cages around the nests. At night, I checked the beach to make sure that no animals were trying to eat the eggs. I also cleaned the beach and helped baby loggerhead turtles return to the sea. It was great fun. Animals are our good friends, so we have the responsibility to protect them. A world without animals would be a “grey” world. Humans and animals should live together in harmony (和谐). 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 1．When did the writer join the organization? A．Last spring. B．Last summer. C．Last autumn. D．Last winter. 2．What is introduced in Paragraph 2 about loggerhead turtles? A．The way of cleaning the beaches. B．The result of protecting baby loggerhead turtles. C．The location of loggerhead turtles’ home. D．The reason for the disappearance of loggerhead turtles. 3．What did the writer put around the nests? A．Cages. B．Baby loggerhead turtles. C．Food. D．Loggerhead turtles’ eggs. 4．What’s the purpose of the text? A．To warn people not to swim in the sea. B．To call on more and more people to protect animals. C．To encourage people to join an organization actively. D．To show the relationship between humans and animals. 5．Which of the following can be the best title for the text? A．My Wonderful Summer Holiday B．The Importance of Protecting Wild Animals C．My Experience of Protecting Loggerhead Turtles D．The Habits of Loggerhead Turtles 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．A 4．B 5．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要介绍了作者对动物和环境保护从漠不关心到参与红海龟保护活动的经历。呼吁人们保护动物并与动物和谐相处。 1．细节理解题。根据“so I joined an organization to protect loggerhead turtles last summer.”可知，作者去年夏天加入了这个组织。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据“They are disappearing because people have built houses near the sandy beaches where loggerhead turtles lay their eggs.”可知，第二段介绍了红海龟消失的原因。故选D。 3．细节理解题。根据“Then I put cages around the nests. ”可知，作家在红海龟巢周围放了笼子。故选A。 4．主旨大意题。根据“Animals are our good friends, so we have the responsibility to protect them. A world without animals would be a ‘grey’ world. Humans and animals should live together in harmony”可知，这篇文章主要是想呼吁越来越多的人保护动物。故选B。 5．最佳标题题。通读全文并根据最后一段可知，主要介绍了作者对动物和环境保护从漠不关心到参与海龟保护活动的经历。呼吁人们保护动物并与动物和谐相处。选项C“我保护红海龟的经历”最适合当标题。故选C。 B Young Heroes for the PlanetNowadays, people around the world are working to help our planet. Check out how the four young adults made a difference. Saving PandasWhen Jack was 11, he started a group to teach kids about pandas. He also sold toy pandas to raise money to protect pandas in danger. “I hope to encourage more people to care about pandas,” Jack says. Growing RightKathy,14, set up an organization to educate people about growing plants in right places. She also wrote a book to help people learn what plants are suitable to their area. Creating EnergyAt the age of 12, Linda invented a machine called SuperE. It collects heat from fields to make electricity. Linda says her invention creates electricity in a way that is less harmful to the environment. Cleaning UpPatrick, 13, joined the Ocean Heroes Camp last year. He started a project and picked up plastic waste around nearby lakes with his friends. The goal of the project was to fight plastic pollution. 1．_________ started a group to teach kids about pandas. A．Jack B．Kathy C．Linda D．Patrick 2．If you want to do something to protect the panda, you can _________. A．buy toy pandas to raise money B．buy a book to learn C．use Linda’s new machine D．join the Ocean Heroes Camp 3．The underlined words “suitable” means ________. A．familiar B．equal C．right D．similar 4．Linda was ________ years old when she invented SuperE. A．11 B．12 C．13 D．14 5．According to the passage, Patrick’s project will make ________. A．less plastic waste B．fewer ocean animals C．the water in the lake dirty D．the living environment greener 6．The list above is aimed at ________. A．helping students find their hobbies B．introducing four students’ new inventions C．calling on people to protect our planet D．providing advice on protecting the planet 【答案】1．A 2．A 3．C 4．B 5．A 6．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲四个年轻人做的不同的事情来帮助地球。 1．细节理解题。根据“When Jack was 11, he started a group to teach kids about pandas.”可知，Jack在11岁时成立了一个教孩子们关于熊猫的组织，故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据“He also sold toy pandas to raise money to protect pandas in danger.”可知，Jack通过卖玩具熊猫来筹集资金保护濒危熊猫，所以如果想为保护熊猫做些事，可以买玩具熊猫来筹集资金。故选A。 3．词句猜测题。根据“Kathy, 14, set up an organization to educate people about growing plants in right places. She also wrote a book to help people learn what plants are suitable to their area.”可知，此处是指在合适的地方种植植物，可推测suitable和right的意思相近，意为“合适的”。故选C。 4．细节理解题。根据“At the age of 12, Linda invented a machine called SuperE.”可知，Linda在12岁时发明了名为SuperE的机器，故选B。 5．细节理解题。根据“The goal of the project was to fight plastic pollution.”可知，该课题的目标是对抗塑料污染，故选A。 6．主旨大意题。根据“Nowadays, people around the world are working to help our planet. Check out how the four young adults made a difference.”及通读全文可知， 本文介绍了四个年轻人为保护地球所做的不同事情，如保护熊猫、正确种植植物、创造能源、清理塑料垃圾等，所以文章的目的是号召人们保护我们的地球。故选C。 C Thanks to Earth, we have fresh air to breathe, clean water to drink and warm sunshine to enjoy. But it seems that we may think these things are normal and not realize that our planet is getting “sick”. Among all the environmental problems, climate change sits at the top. Global average (平均的) temperatures have risen by more than 0.5°C since 1992. A half-degree temperature rise is a big thing. It means that heat waves can last around one third longer and rainstorms will be about one third stronger. The increase in sea levels will be much higher, according to NASA．Countries like Singapore that are at low places may be covered by the ocean in the future. But this is not the only problem people are facing. It’s getting harder to get fresh water. Ocean pollution has become serious. Since 1992, the human population has grown by 2 billion, while the populations of all other animals have fallen by nearly 30 percent. Scientists say that we are experiencing the sixth huge extinction in history. More than two-thirds of the world’s wildlife could be gone by the end of the decade (十年) if action isn’t taken soon, according to the World Wildlife Fund. The Amur leopard, black rhino and Cross River gorilla are some animals that are in danger of dying out completely. However, we have made some progress by making the hole in the ozone layer smaller. That’s because we gradually stopped using chemicals that can break down ozone. This shows that when we make quick and strong decisions, we can make positive changes. 1．What may happen if global average temperatures rise by 0.5°C? A．The ocean will cover China. B．Cold waves can last a third longer. C．Sea levels will be three times higher. D．Rainstorms will be more serious. 2．What does the underlined word “extinction” probably mean? A．繁殖 B．灭绝 C．迁徙 D．进化 3．Which of the following environmental problems are mentioned in the text? ①Air pollution. ②Ocean pollution. ③Fewer animals. ④Smaller ozone layer. A．①② B．②④ C．①③ D．②③ 4．What’s the writer’s attitude (态度) to the future of our planet? A．Negative. B．Doubtful. C．Hopeful. D．Proud. 5．How have we made the hole in the ozone layer smaller? A．By the increase in sea levels. B．By gradually stopped using chemicals that can break down ozone. C．By getting the fresh water. D．By the growth of the human population 6．What’s the structure of the passage? A． B． C． D． 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．D 4．C 5．B 6．A 【导语】本文主要介绍了地球上的环境问题。 1．细节理解题。根据“A half-degree temperature rise is a big thing. It means that heat waves can last around one third longer and rainstorms will be about one third stronger.”可知，气温上升半度是件大事，这意味着热浪持续时间会延长大约三分之一，暴雨将增强大约三分之一。故选D。 2．词句猜测题。根据“More than two-thirds of the world’s wildlife could be gone by the end of the decade (十年) if action isn’t taken soon, according to the World Wildlife Fund.”可知，据世界野生动物基金会称，如果不尽快采取行动，到本十年末，世界上超过三分之二的野生动物可能会消失。由此可知，这里划线单词“extinction”应该表示“灭绝”，故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据“Ocean pollution has become serious”和“More than two-thirds of the world’s wildlife could be gone by the end of the decade (十年) if action isn’t taken soon, according to the World Wildlife Fund. ”可知，文章提到了海洋污染以及数量更少的动物，故选D。 4．观点态度题。根据“This shows that when we make quick and strong decisions, we can make positive changes.”可知，当我们做出迅速而有力的决定时，我们可以做出积极的改变。据此可以看出作者是充满希望的，故选C。 5．细节理解题。根据“However, we have made some progress by making the hole in the ozone layer smaller. That’s because we gradually stopped using chemicals that can break down ozone.”可知，我们通过逐渐停止使用可以分解臭氧的化学物质去使得臭氧层上的空洞变小了。故选B。 6．篇章结构题。文章第一段讲述了介绍了我们的星球正在“生病”；第二段到第四段介绍了地球出现的问题；第五段介绍人类在保护环境上取得了一些进展；第六段总结全文。所以文章结构如A选项所示。故选A。 二、完形填空 A In most parts of the world, many students help their schools make less pollution. They join 1 . In a meaningful club, people work together to make our environment clean. Here are some things students often do. No-garbage (垃圾) lunches. How much garbage do you throw away 2 lunch? Environment clubs ask students to bring their lunches with bags that can be used again. Every week, they will choose the classes that make the least garbage and report them to the whole school. No-car day. On the no-car day, 3 comes to school in a car. Neither the students nor the teachers! Cars give pollution to the air. 4 remember: walk, bike or run. Use your legs! It’s lots of fun! 5 the water! Do you know that some toilets could waste twenty to forty cubic (立方) metres of water an hour? In a year, to our surprise, that can 6 a small river! In environment clubs, students repair those broken toilets themselves. We love the environment. Let’s work together and make it clean. 1．A．no-car day B．environment clubs C．no-garbage lunches D．music groups 2．A．since B．until C．before D．after 3．A．somebody B．anybody C．everybody D．nobody 4．A．So B．And C．But D．Or 5．A．Turn on B．Turn up C．Turn off D．Turn down 6．A．fill B．produce C．manage D．change 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．D 4．A 5．C 6．A 【导语】本文主要讲述了在世界大部分地区，许多学生加入环保俱乐部，通过无垃圾午餐、无车日等活动，帮助学校减少污染，共同保护环境。 1．句意：他们加入环保俱乐部。 no-car day无车日；environment clubs环保俱乐部；no-garbage lunches无垃圾午餐；music groups音乐团体。根据下文“In a meaningful club, people work together to make our environment clean.”可知，此处指加入环保俱乐部，故选B。 2．句意：午餐后你扔掉多少垃圾？ since自从；until直到；before在……之前；after在……之后。根据下文“Environment clubs ask students to bring their lunches with bags that can be used again.”可知，此处指午餐后扔掉的垃圾，故选D。 3．句意：在无车日，没有人开车来学校。 somebody某人；anybody任何人；everybody每个人；nobody没有人。根据下文“Neither the students nor the teachers!”可知，此处指没有人开车来学校，故选D。 4．句意：所以记住：步行、骑自行车或跑步。 So所以；And和；But但是；Or或者。根据上文“Cars give pollution to the air.”可知，汽车给空气带来污染，所以应该步行、骑自行车或跑步，故选A。 5．句意：关掉水！ Turn on打开；Turn up调高；Turn off关掉；Turn down调低。根据下文“Do you know that some toilets could waste twenty to forty cubic metres of water an hour?”可知，此处讨论厕所浪费水的问题，呼吁节约用水，故选C。 6．句意：在一年里，令我们惊讶的是，那可以填满一条小河！ fill填满；produce生产；manage管理；change改变。根据上文“Do you know that some toilets could waste twenty to forty cubic metres of water an hour?”可知，此处指浪费的水可以填满一条小河，故选A。 B Choose the best answer and complete the passage (选择最恰当的单词或短语选项完成短文) Dear Environmental Scientists, My name is Wang Li. I am writing to express my 1 about the destruction (破坏) of the wetland in my local area. The temperature in the wetlands is usually neither too high nor too low. There is lots of rain and sunshine, too. Wetlands are really good places for wildlife to live. However, offering food and homes to some animals and plants isn’t the only reason why we should protect wetlands. Wetlands are important because they can also help stop floods. When I was a child, the wetland near my home was a beautiful ecosystem. It 2 a peaceful place for people to relax. I spent hours watching the water birds and other wildlife in the wetland at that time. Unluckily, over the years, the wetland has been slowly destructed by human activities. Some farmers have changed the wetland into fields in order to plant rice. 3 , road and airport building and the industry of fish farming have been harmful to this once-beautiful ecosystem. The water is now polluted, and the wildlife that once lived here has to leave. This has had a huge influence on the water birds that 4 wetlands for a living. It’s time to protect the wetland. But how can we 5 people’s awareness of the importance of protecting the wetland? I hope you can give me some suggestions. I hope everyone can take action to protect the wetland in our local area and make it as beautiful as it 6 be. Sincerely, Wang Li 1．A．interest B．knowledge C．worry D．courage 2．A．compared B．provided C．changed D．chose 3．A．In addition B．However C．Instead D．Therefore 4．A．care about B．depend on C．prepare for D．respond to 5．A．imagine B．control C．guess D．raise 6．A．used to B．is used to C．get used to D．used for 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．A 4．B 5．D 6．A 【导语】本文主要讲述了作者对当地湿地遭到破坏的担忧，强调了湿地在调节气候、提供生物栖息地和防洪方面的重要性，并指出农业、基建和渔业等人类活动是导致湿地退化及生物逃离的主要原因。作者最后呼吁采取保护行动并寻求提高公众意识的建议。 1．句意：我写信是为了表达我对当地湿地破坏的担忧。 interest兴趣；knowledge知识；worry担忧；courage勇气。根据“the destruction of the wetland”可知湿地遭到了破坏，应该是表达“担忧”。故选C。 2．句意：它为人们提供了一个平静的地方来休息。 compared比较；provided提供；changed改变；chose选择。根据“a peaceful place for people to relax”可知，是为人们“提供”一个平静的地方。故选B。 3．句意：此外，道路和机场的建设以及渔业养殖业对这个曾经美丽的生态系统造成了破坏。 In addition此外；However然而；Instead相反；Therefore因此。根据“Some farmers have changed the wetland into fields in order to plant rice. …road and airport building and the industry of fish farming have been harmful to this once-beautiful ecosystem”可知，农民的一些行为破坏了湿地，道路和机场建设也破坏了湿地，此处是进一步说明对湿地的破坏。故选A。 4．句意：这对依赖湿地生存的水鸟产生了巨大影响。 care about关心；depend on依靠；prepare for为……做准备；respond to响应。根据“The water is now polluted, and the wildlife that once lived here has to leave.”可知，湿地的破坏，对“依赖”湿地生存的鸟产生了巨大影响。故选B。 5．句意：但是，我们如何提高人们对保护湿地重要性的认识呢？ imagine想象；control控制；guess猜；raise提高。根据上下文，人们的很多行为破坏了湿地，所以要“提高”对保护湿地重要性的认识。故选D。 6．句意：我希望每个人都能采取行动，保护我们当地的湿地，并使其恢复到以前那样美。 used to过去；is used to习惯于；get used to习惯于；used for用来。根据“make it as beautiful as it…be”可知，作者希望人们能保护湿地，让其跟过去一样美。故选A。 三、短文填空 Fill in the blanks with proper words (在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺。每空格限填一词，首字母已给)     We are now living in the modern society. Most of the energy we use for heating, lighting, transportation and manufacturing (制造业) comes from fossil (化石) fuels. These are carbon-based fuels from oil, coal and natural gas. When we burn these fuels, they release heat and o 1 the energy.     There are three main disadvantages to using these fuels. Firstly, they are causing climate problems because of the Greenhouse Effect. When we burn fossil fuels they produce carbon dioxide which causes global warming. Secondly, when we have used up all our coal, oil and natural gas, we will have n 2 left to burn. Thirdly, they are not very efficient. The internal combustion engine (内燃机) that we use in most cars, trucks and buses, for example, is only about 14% efficient.     Scientists are working on another fuel—hydrogen (氢气). There are a couple of a 3 to using hydrogen as a fuel. Firstly, because about 70% of the earth’s surface is water and water is made of hydrogen and oxygen. There is an almost unlimited supply of hydrogen. B 4 , burning hydrogen does not cause global warming. More importantly, it is much more efficient than carbon-based fuels.     Unfortunately, there are problems with hydrogen at the p 5 time: there is the problem of separating (分离) it from water cheaply, and there is the difficulty of storing it. It can be stored under pressure but high pressure tanks are far from safe. It can also be stored as a liquid but only at e 6 low temperatures. It s 7 likely, therefore, that there will have to be a completely new technology before hydrogen replaces fossil fuels. Solving these problems is an urgent (急迫的) matter. Although China, India and Australia have huge amounts of cheap coal, and there are still large oil and gas reserves (储藏量) elsewhere, the effects on the planet will be bad if they are used. 【答案】1．(o)ffer 2．(n)othing 3．(a)dvantages 4．(B)esides 5．(p)resent 6．(e)xtremely 7．(s)eems 【导语】本文主要介绍了使用化石燃料的缺点以及使用氢气作为燃料的优点，并介绍了其面临的问题。 1．句意：当我们燃烧这些燃料时，它们会释放热量并提供能量。根据“When we burn these fuels, they release heat and…the energy.”以及首字母可知此处是指燃料燃烧时，会释放热量并提供能量，offer“提供”，其形式应与release保持一致。故填(o)ffer。 2．句意：其次，当我们耗尽所有的煤炭、石油和天然气后，就再也没有可燃烧的资源了。根据“when we have used up all our coal, oil and natural gas”以及首字母可知，当我们耗尽了这些燃料，就没有可以燃烧的资源了，nothing“没有什么”。故填(n)othing。 3．句意：使用氢气作为燃料有几个优点。根据下文“Firstly, because about 70% of the earth’s surface is water and water is made of hydrogen and oxygen…”以及首字母可知，此处是在介绍使用氢气作为燃料的优点，advantage“优点”，且优点不止一个，应用名词复数。故填(a)dvantages。 4．句意：此外，燃烧氢气不会导致全球变暖。根据“There is an almost unlimited supply of hydrogen.”、“burning hydrogen does not cause global warming.”以及首字母可知前文讲了氢气作为燃料的第一个优点，这里要讲第二个优点，besides“此外”，用于引出另外的内容。故填(B)esides。 5．句意：不幸的是，目前氢气存在一些问题：一是如何低成本从水中分离出氢气，二是氢气的储存难度较大。根据“there is the problem of separating (分离) it from water cheaply, and there is the difficulty of storing it.”以及首字母可知此处是说氢气目前存在的一些问题，at the present time“目前，现在”。故填(p)resent。 6．句意：它也可以以液态形式储存，但只能在极低的温度下实现。根据“It can also be stored as a liquid but only at…low temperatures.”以及首字母可知此处是指极低温度的情况下，extremely“极度地”，此处为副词修饰形容词low。故填(e)xtremely。 7．句意：因此，似乎在氢能取代化石燃料之前，必须出现一种全新的技术。根据“It…likely, therefore, that there will have to be a completely new technology before hydrogen replaces fossil fuels.”以及首字母可知此处是指似乎在氢能取代化石燃料之前，必须出现一种全新的技术，seem“似乎”，主语为第三人称单数，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。故填(s)eems。 四、任务型阅读 Answer the questions. (根据短文内容回答问题) Do you know where your food comes from? How far do the milk, apples, coffee beans and other items you eat travel to reach you? What we eat shapes us. But the decisions we make on what we eat can also shape the world around us. Starting to check your food miles is an important step to saving the Earth. Food miles refer to the distance your food travels before it reaches you. From farm to fork, the shorter the distance, the better the food will be for your health and the environment. Food miles are a rather modern idea. Throughout most of human history, people have eaten food grown locally. But over the past few decades (十年), the world has become highly connected. We have become used to having a wide range of global foods. We buy tropical fruits rather than those grown in our local climate. We expect fresh, green products (尤指农产品) even when there is snow on the ground. When we calculate food miles, we shouldn’t just think about the exact number of miles. It depends on many factors (因素), such as how damaging these miles can be. For one thing, the mode of transportation is important. Air travel, for example, allows food to travel quickly. However, this speedy delivery system causes a carbon footprint about 50 times bigger than that of the much slower transportation of food by sea. Working out the environmental cost of what we eat can be hard. The simple truth is that most of us can do far better than what we do now. Whenever you can, buy food from local farmers and eat in-season fruits and vegetables. 1．People have been talking about food miles for the past few centuries, haven’t they? 2．According to the author, what are food miles? 3．What examples did the author use to show people’s habit of buying global food?  (Give 1 example.) 4．What are the advantage and disadvantage of transporting food by air? 5．According to the author, how can we reduce our food miles? 6．Apart from the author’s suggestions, what do you think we can do to reduce our food miles? (Give at least 2 examples.) 【答案】1．No, they haven’t. 2．The distance your food travels before it reaches you. 3．Buying tropical fruits rather than those grown in our local climate. 4．The advantage is that it allows food to travel quickly. And the disadvantage is that it causes a carbon footprint about 50 times bigger than that of the much slower transportation of food by sea. 5．We can reduce our food miles by buying food from local farmers and eating in-season fruits and vegetables. 6．We can eat less imported food and grow vegetables at home. 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了“食物里程”的概念及其对环境的影响，并提出了减少食物里程的建议。 1．根据第三段“Food miles are a rather modern idea.”可知，食物里程这一理念属于现代产物，并非过去几个世纪就存在。故填No, they haven’t. 2．根据第二段“Food miles refer to the distance your food travels before it reaches you.”可知，食物里程指的是食物从产地到消费者手中的运输距离。故填The distance your food travels before it reaches you. 3．根据第三段“We buy tropical fruits rather than those grown in our local climate.”可知，作者用购买热带水果的例子来说明人们购买全球食物的习惯。故填Buying tropical fruits rather than those grown in our local climate. 4．根据第四段“Air travel, for example, allows food to travel quickly. However, this speedy delivery system causes a carbon footprint about 50 times bigger than that of the much slower transportation of food by sea.”可知，航空运输的优势是快速，劣势是碳足迹约为海运的50倍。故填The advantage is that it allows food to travel quickly. And the disadvantage is that it causes a carbon footprint about 50 times bigger than that of the much slower transportation of food by sea. 5．根据最后一段“Whenever you can, buy food from local farmers and eat in-season fruits and vegetables.”可知，作者建议通过购买本地食物和食用当季水果蔬果来减少食物里程。故填We can reduce our food miles by buying food from local farmers and eating in-season fruits and vegetables. 6．开放性作答，结合实际情况，言之成理即可。参考答案为We can eat less imported food and grow vegetables at home. 试卷第1页，共3页 1 / 14 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $