Unit 4 Section Ⅳ Lesson 2（Word教参）-【精讲精练】2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第二册（北师大版）

Section Ⅳ　Lesson 2 [对应学生用书P25] Ⅰ.重点词汇 ◎核心单词 1．muscle n.肌肉 2．far­reaching adj.影响深远的 3．immune adj.有免疫力的 4．cell n.细胞 5．whisper vi.&vt.悄声说，低语，耳语 6．blush vi.脸红 7．expense n.费用，花费 ◎拓展单词 8．tense adj.紧张的；拉紧的 vi.&vt.拉紧，变得紧张 n.时态→tension n.紧张；焦虑；焦急 9．physical adj.身体的；肉体的→physically adv.肉体地，身体上地 10．psychology n.心理学；心理状态→psychological adj.心理的；精神的→psychologist n.心理学家，心理学者 11．mood n.情绪，语气；心境→moody adj.喜怒无常的；易怒的 12．energy n.能量；精力；活力→energetic adj.精力充沛的； 积极的；有力的→energise vt.使充满活力；使增强信心 13．infect v．感染；传染→infection n.感染；传染→infectious adj.传染的；传染性的→infected adj.受感染的 14．incorporate vt.把……并入；包含→incorporation n.公司；合并，编入；团体组织 15．accident n.事故；意外→accidental adj.意外的；偶然的→accidentally adv.偶然地；意外地 Ⅱ.重点短语 1．blood vessel 血管 2．at sb's expense 嘲笑某人 3．help...out... 帮助……走出困境 4．figure out 推算出 5．set up 建立 6．hold on 坚持 7．do sb a favour 帮某人一个忙 Ⅲ.句式语境 be likely to do sth We all know that if we are in a bad mood，we are likely to express negative attitudes and feelings; and this makes those around us down，too. 我们都知道，如果我们心情不好，我们很可能会表达消极的态度和情绪；这也会让我们周围的人情绪低落。 [对应学生用书P26] [重点词汇] 1．relieve v．减轻；缓解；消除　relieved adj.感到宽慰的；放心的　relief n.(痛苦、忧虑等的)减轻、消除、缓和 relieve sb of sth 　帮某人减轻(负担) be relieved to do sth　做某事感到宽慰 find relief from　从……中摆脱出来 relief of/from　 ……的减轻/消除 in relief　 如释重负；松了口气 to one's relief　 令某人感到欣慰的是 [经典佳句]　 It was such a relief to hear that Mary was found safe and sound.(读后续写之情绪描写) 听到玛丽被找到时安然无恙，真是如释重负。 [即学活用]　单句语法填空 ①Seeing his figure disappearing (disappear) into thick evergreen forest，I felt relieved (relieve). ②To their relief (relieve)，with the guidance of father，they successfully made the breakfast. ③Aspirin can provide quick relief (relieve) for a headache. ④(2024·全国甲卷，书面表达)跳绳很有趣，是缓解压力和改善情绪的好方法。 Jumping rope is a lot of fun，which is a great way to relieve stress and improve your mood． 2．increase vt.& vi.(使)增长，增加　n.[C，U]增长，增加 (1)increase to...　增加到…… increase by...　增加了…… increase from...to...　从……增加到…… (2)an increase in...　……方面的增加 be on the increase　 在增加 [经典佳句]　 Food prices increased by 10% in less than a year. 不到一年，食品价格就上涨了10%。 [即学活用]　单句语法填空/完成句子 ①(2023·全国乙卷)With an increasing (increase) number of male chefs on TV，it's no longer “uncool” for boys to like cooking. ②The new law has come into effect，and the number of wild animals here is on the increase now. ③我们学校的学生人数已经增长到了 5000。 The number of the students in our school has increased to 5，000． ④去年，这个城市的房屋均价下降了13%。 Average house prices in this city decreased by 13% last year. 3．energise vt.使充满活力；使增强决心 (1)energy n.　精力，能量 full of energy　 精力充沛 save energy　 节约能源 (2)energetic adj.　精力充沛的，富有活力的 (3)energetically adv.　有力地，大力地 [经典佳句]　 Doing exercise every morning energises the old man. 每天早上锻炼使那位老人充满活力。 [即学活用]　用energise的适当形式填空 ①Staying positive helps to energise us. ②I have never seen such an energetic child. ③(2024·全国甲卷)Today I'd like to focus on some major developments，which include shared bicycles，high­speed trains and new energy vehicles. ④(2023·北京卷)I have a good habit of going to bed early and getting up early.Therefore，I can study energetically every morning，which makes me study efficiently.Also，I am very healthy. 4．draw one's attention 引起某人的注意 pay attention to...　注意……(to为介词) catch/attract one's attention　吸引某人的注意 bring sth to one's attention　使某事引起某人的注意 fix/focus/concentrate one's attention on...　某人将注意力集中于…… [经典佳句]　 Some speakers use questions from time to time to draw the audience's attention. 一些演讲者会时不时地用一些问题来吸引听众的注意。 [名师点津]　draw one's attention意为“引起某人的注意”，后可跟介词to，表示“引起某人对……的注意”。 [语境串记] Little Jenny was reading a book when a butterfly flew by and caught/drew/attracted her attention.Therefore，she couldn't fix/focus/concentrate her attention on the book any more. 小珍妮正在读书，这时一只蝴蝶飞过，引起了她的注意。因此，她无法再把注意力集中在书上了。 [即学活用]　单句语法填空/完成句子 ①(2024·全国甲卷)If a pet cat is hungry，it will keep meowing to attract(attract) attention and find food. ②(2023·全国甲卷)Carson proves that a simple lyric form that has been passed down through the ages can still be employed (employ) today to draw attention to important truths. ③他敲窗户以吸引我的注意。 He knocked on the window to draw/catch/attract my attention． 5．infection n.感染；传染 (1)infect vt.　传染；使感染(疾病、某种情感等) infect...with...　把……传染给……；用……感染…… be infected with...　染上……；感染了…… (2)infectious adj.　感染的，传染性的；患有传染病的；有感染力的 [经典佳句]　 Keeping a balanced diet and taking regular exercise can help defend ourselves against infection.(应用文之倡议书) 保持均衡的饮食和经常锻炼有助于保护我们免受感染。 [即学活用]　单句语法填空 ①(2024·河北正定月考)It turned out that traditional Chinese medicine plays a significant role in the control and prevention of infectious(infect) diseases. ②A healthy diet combined with regular exercise can help your body resist infection(infect). (应用文之倡议书) ③China's efforts to give timely treatment to those infected (infect) with the virus are being praised by the rest of the world. 6．whisper vi.& vt.悄声说，低语，耳语 (1)whisper sth to sb　 把某事悄悄告诉某人 (2)It is whispered that...　有人私下里说…… (3)in a whisper＝in whispers　低语 [经典佳句]　 I cupped my hand over the phone，whispering that I meant no harm.(读后续写之动作描写) 我用手捂住电话，低声说我没有恶意。 [即学活用]　单句语法填空/完成句子 ①(2024·湖北联考协作体2月联考)The students seemed to expecting another boring and dull English lesson，some dropping their eyes and some whispering (whisper) in the back rows. ②Mike whispered to me that he was fed up with such bad behaviour. ③有人私下里说经理没有能力把他的工作干好。 It is whispered that the manager isn't capable of doing his job well. 7．accidentally adv.偶然地，意外地 (1)accidental adj.　意外的； 偶然的； 附属的 (2)accident n.　事故；意外；偶然；运气 by accident　偶然地 [经典佳句]　 The traffic accident was born almost accidentally. 这场交通事故的发生几乎纯属偶然。 [即学活用]　单句语法填空/完成句子 ①Do you think the building was burnt down by accident or by design? ②(2023·全国乙卷)In addition to the problem of miscomprehension from both sides，there are victories accidentally (accident) or deliberately twisted，especially when only the victors know how to write. ③我不知不觉地学成了写圆体字，不会写女士格式的字体。 I accidentally learned to write round hand instead of ladies­hand. [重点句型] (教材原句)We all know that if we are in a bad mood，we are likely to express negative attitudes and feelings; and this makes those around us down，too. 我们都知道，如果我们心情不好，我们很可能会表达消极的态度和情绪；这也会让我们周围的人情绪低落。 [句式分析]　likely常用于“Sb/Sth＋be likely to do sth”句型中，该句型常与“It＋be likely that...”互换。 [易混辨析]　likely/possible/probable likely 表示某事很可能发生，与probable意思相近，但主语可以是人也可以是物。常用于“It is likely that...”或“Sb/Sth be likely to do...”句型中，但不能说“It is likely for sb to do sth”。 possible 可能性相对小，作表语时，主语不能是人，常用句式为“It is possible for sb to do sth”或“It is possible that...”。 probable 带有“很可能”的意味，语气比possible强，作表语时不能用人或不定式作主语，常用句式为“It is probable that...”。 Sb/Sth is likely to do...　某人/某事有可能…… It is likely that...　有可能…… not likely　才不会呢(交际用语) [即学活用]　一句多译 凶猛的野兽很可能藏在黑漆漆的灌木丛中，简顿时惊慌失措。(读后续写之恐惧心理描写) ①It was likely that fierce wild beasts were hiding in the dark bushes and Jane got into a panic.(it作形式主语；likely) ②Fierce wild beasts were likely to be hiding in the dark bushes and Jane got into a panic.(be likely to do) ③It was probable that fierce wild beasts were hiding in the dark bushes and Jane got into a panic.(it作形式主语；probable) [对应学生用书P29] Ⅰ.单词拼写 1．Can you feel the tension (紧张) in this room? 2．She lives in France but has British nationality (国籍). 3．(2025·全国二卷)Adding more nature to our environment can change our mood(情绪) and how we think. 4．Scholarships (奖学金) are for Group Play admission fees and/or transportation. 5．(2024·浙江1月卷)While taking a 20­hour train ride along the edge of the Taklimakan Desert in the northwestern China，I had the kind of humbling，educational，and above all else，wonderful encounter(遇见) with a local that all travelers long for. 6．(2025·全国一卷)Toby was using up his energy(能量) by running back and forth in the backyard and giving the kids plenty of room. 7．This is the mark of her real genius (天才) as a designer. 8．Air，water，clothing and insects are all means of infection (传染). 9．(2025·北京卷)They themselves don’t know why they are following the crowd and longing for the pressures of academic(学术的) difficulty. 10．She was so nervous that she kept forgetting what to say，and she spoke almost in a whisper (耳语). Ⅱ.单句语法填空 1．(2025·浙江1月卷)According to Charlotte Markey，a professor of psychology(psychological)，food is one of the rare subjects where，as parents，saying less is more. 2．(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷) What worked on a veterinarian seemed likely to work(work) on his patients. 3．I didn't find the joke at all amusing (amuse). 4．(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)It not only provided me with an opportunity to connect my artistic creation(create) with nature，but also enhanced my willingness to take inspiration from nature in the future. 5．So，when people do things to increase (increase) their life satisfaction，they also make themselves more effective (effect) at work. 6．She took the job purely (pure) and simply for the money. 7．(2023·全国甲卷)I'm impressed by his famous philosophy of life,which is “Be the first to worry about the troubles across the land and the last to enjoy universal (universe) happiness”． 8．(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)No matter where I buy them，though，one steamer basket is rarely (rare) enough，yet two seems greedy，and so I am always left wanting more next time. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $