单元综合检测4 Humour（Word练习）-【精讲精练】2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第二册（北师大版）

[本卷满分120分，考试用时100分钟] 第一部分　阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A Top Cookbooks of 2024 The Wok: Recipes and Techniques by J．Kenji López­Alt The Wok's appeal is not innovation; you can find many dishes like Kung Pao Shrimp and Cumin Lamb on many Chinese restaurant menus.But you don't have to leave your home.As far as I'm concerned，it's worth the sticker price to learn the techniques. Turkey and the Wolf：Flavour Trippin' in New Orleans by Mason Hereford Chef Mason Hereford has put to paper some of the magic that draws locals and tourists alike to his popular New Orleans sandwich shop，Turkey and the Wolf.The cookbook is full of recipes accessible to home cooks.The meatloaf is my favourite. Mi Cocina: Recipes and Rapture from My Kitchen in Mexico by Rick Martinez With seven sections focused on different regions across the country，Rick Martinez guides you through some of the essential recipes for each.The recipes are lovely，but what I love most are the stories alongside each of them.Food is deeply personal and with Mi Cocina，Martinez is sharing his life in food and inviting you to come along. I Am from Here: Stories and Recipes from a Southern Chef by Vishwesh Bhatt Western India and the Southern US share more culinary (烹饪的) similarities than you'd think，from rice varieties to fresh tomatoes.Here，these ingredients explode in a delicious combination of seasonings and essential cooking techniques. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四本烹饪书籍。 1．Whose book provides guidance on Chinese cooking? A．Vishwesh Bhatt's. B．Rick Martinez's. C．J.Kenji López­Alt's. D．Mason Hereford's. 解析：C　细节理解题。根据介绍The Wok: Recipes and Techniques by J．Kenji López­Alt的句子“The Wok's appeal is not innovation; you can find many dishes like Kung Pao Shrimp and Cumin Lamb on many Chinese restaurant menus.(The Wok的吸引力不在于创新；你可以在很多中餐馆的菜单上找到很多像宫保虾仁和孜然羊肉这样的菜。)”可知，J.Kenji López­Alt的书提供了中国烹饪指南。故选C。 2．Which book is titled after its author's sandwich shop? A．Turkey and the Wolf. B．The Wok. C．I Am from Here. D．Mi Cocina. 解析：A　细节理解题。根据介绍Turkey and the Wolf: Flavour Trippin' in New Orleans by Mason Hereford的句子“Chef Mason Hereford has put to paper some of the magic that draws locals and tourists alike to his popular New Orleans sandwich shop，Turkey and the Wolf.(厨师梅森·赫里福德将吸引当地人和游客来到他在新奥尔良颇受欢迎的三明治店Turkey and the Wolf的一些神奇之处写了下来。)”可知，Turkey and the Wolf是以作者的三明治店命名的。故选A。 3．What is the similarity between Mi Cocina and I Am from Here? A．They feature Indian and American food. B．They share some stories. C．They emphasize the importance of fresh ingredients. D．They stress food's role in connecting cultures. 解析：B　细节理解题。根据介绍Mi Cocina: Recipes and Rapture from My Kitchen in Mexico by Rick Martinez的句子“The recipes are lovely，but what I love most are the stories alongside each of them.(食谱很可爱，但我最喜欢的是每道菜旁边的故事。)”和最后一段标题“I Am from Here: Stories and Recipes from a Southern Chef by Vishwesh Bhatt(《我来自这里：一位南方厨师的故事和食谱》，作者：Vishwesh Bhatt)”可知，Mi Cocina和I Am from Here两本书里都分享了一些故事。故选B。 B Dr.Wiseman started “the laugh lab” project in September.It is the largest study of humour.Participants (参加者) are invited to log on to the laugh lab website，give a few personal details，tell their favourite jokes and judge the jokes told by other people. The project will last for a year，and the organisers hope to finally discover the world's funniest joke.But there is also a serious purpose.The researchers want to know what people from different nations and cultures find funny.And they want to find out the differences between the male and female sense of humour.The idea is that if we want to understand each other，we have to find out what makes us laugh. This is a subject that has long attracted psychologists and philosophers.Most of the time，people are not completely honest.We do things that society expects us to and say things that help us get what we want.But laughing cannot be controlled.When we laugh，we tell the truth about ourselves.By December over 10，000 jokes had been submitted (递交).This gave the scientists enough evidence to make early conclusions.It seems that men and women do have different senses of humour，for instance. “Our findings show the major differences in the ways in which males and females use humour，” said Dr.Wiseman.“Males use humour to appear superior to others，while women are more skilled in languages and prefer wordplay.” Researchers also found that there really is such a thing as a national sense of humour.The British enjoy what is usually called “toilet humour”．But the French like their jokes short and sharp: “You're a high priced lawyer.Will you answer two questions for $500？”“Yes.What's the second question？” The Germans are famous for not having a sense of humour.But the survey found that German participants were more likely to find submitted jokes funny than any other nationality.Perhaps that proves the point.Is this joke funny? I don't know，but let's say yes，just to be safe. Dr.Wiseman and his workmates also submitted jokes created by computers.But none of those who took part in the survey found any of them amusing.Perhaps this is relief.Computers already seem like they can do everything.At least they should leave the funny stuff to us. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了由Dr.Wiseman进行的一次有关幽默感的调查，调查者想了解世界上最幽默的笑话，了解来自不同国家不同文化的人的幽默感，以及男士与女士之间幽默感的不同，同时通过统计得出了一定的结论。 4．The purpose of “the laugh lab” project is ． A．to find the funniest joke in European countries B．to get more personal details about participants C．to know what funny people are like from different nations and cultures D．to find out the differences between the male and female sense of humour 解析：D　细节理解题。根据第二段“The project will last for a year，and the organisers hope to finally discover the world's funniest joke.But there is also a serious purpose.The researchers want to know what people from different nations and cultures find funny.And they want to find out the differences between the male and female sense of humour.(这个项目将持续一年，组织者希望最终能发现世界上最有趣的笑话。但也有一个严肃的目的。研究人员想知道来自不同国家和文化的人觉得什么好笑。他们想要找出男性和女性幽默感之间的差异。)”可知，研究者的目的是搜集世界上最有趣的笑话，调查不同的人有什么不同的幽默感以及男女之间幽默感的不同，由此可知A、C是错误的；而本次的目的并非想得到更多的参与者的个人信息,B选项也是错误的。故选D。 5．We can infer from the passage that ． A．most of the people all over the world are completely honest B．people tell the truth about themselves only when they laugh C．ordinary people are not interested in “the laugh lab” project at all D．psychologists and philosophers take interest in the “laugh lab” project 解析：D　推理判断题。根据文章第三段第一句“This is a subject that has long attracted psychologists and philosophers.(这是一个长期以来吸引心理学家和哲学家的课题。)”由此可推断，这个项目已经吸引了心理学家和哲学家。故选D。 6．According to the passage，we can safely say that ． A．jokes created by computers are less appealing to people B．men and women have similar senses of humour C．the project lasted one year D．scientists have collected enough evidence to make final conclusions 解析：A　细节理解题。根据文章最后一段第一、二句“Dr.Wiseman and his workmates also submitted jokes created by computers.But none of those who took part in the survey found any of them amusing.(Dr.Wiseman和他的同事们还提交了电脑创作的笑话。但参与调查的人都不觉得这些笑话有趣。)”可知，电脑创造的笑话对人的吸引力较小。故选A。 7．What is the best title for the passage? A．Funny or not? B．Laugh louder! C．Men laugh better D．Watch out for the trap in jokes! 解析：A　主旨大意题。纵观全文，文章介绍了由Dr.Wiseman进行的一次有关幽默感的调查，调查者想了解世界上最幽默的笑话，了解来自不同国家不同文化的人的幽默感，以及男士与女士之间幽默感的不同，同时通过统计得出了一定的结论。文章的主题主要是关于“幽默”，并且谈到了“幽默”与“不幽默”，故A项“Funny or not？”符合主题，是最佳标题。故选A。 C Humour is a most effective，yet frequently neglected，means of handling the difficult situations in our lives.It can be used for patching up differences，apologizing，saying“no”,criticizing，and getting the other fellow to do what you want without losing his face.For some jobs，it is the only tool that can succeed.It is a way to discuss subjects so sensitive that a serious dialogue may start a riot.For example，many believe that comedians on television are doing more today for racial and religious tolerance that people in any other forum. Humour is often the best way to keep a small misunderstanding from escalating (升级) into a big deal.Recently a neighbour of mine had a quarrel with his wife as she drove him to the airport.Airborne，he felt miserable，and he knew she did，too.Two hours after she returned home，she received a long­distance phone call.“Person­to­person for Mrs I．A.Pologize.” intoned the operator.“That's spelled ‘P’ as in...” In a twinkling (眨眼间)，the whole day changed from bad to lovely at both ends of the wire. An English hostess with a quick wit was giving a formal dinner for eight distinguished guests whom she hoped to enlist (赞助) in a major charity drive.Austerity was a fashion in England at the time，and she had asked her children to serve the meal.She knew that anything could happen...and it did，just as her son，with the studied concentration of a tight rope walker，brought in a large roast turkey; he successfully elbowed the swinging dining­room door，but the backswing threw the bird dropped onto the dining­room floor. The boy stood rooted，the guests staring at their plates.Moving only her head the hostess looked at her son，“No harm，Daniel”,she said，“just pick him up and take him back to the kitchen”．..she enunciated (发音) clearly so he would think about what she was saying...“and bring in the other one”． A wink and a one­liner instantly changed the dinner from a red­faced embarrassment to a laughter. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了幽默能使我们有效地应对尴尬的局面。 8．What is the main idea of the passage? A．Humour is the key to success in our work and lives. B．Humour enables us to deal with difficult situations effectively. C．Humour is the best way to criticize someone without losing his face. D．Humour makes fun of any difficult situations. 解析：B　主旨大意题。从文章结构上分析，作者在首段就提出了本文的中心论点，而且其后的三段都对中心论点加以说明。首段的第一句又是本段的中心句，下面所列出的一些幽默的作用都是具体的方面。故应选B项。 9．Which of the following is NOT stated in the passage? A．Comedians on TV are believed to have done a lot in making people more tolerant of racial and religious differences. B．To make up differences，humour is a most acceptable and effective means. C.People often turn to humorous ways when meeting with difficult situations because of its effectiveness. D．Only by adopting the means of humour can one succeed in some jobs. 解析：C　细节理解题。选项A、D内容分别位于第一段的末句和第三句中，选项B的内容虽然在原文中没有直接出现，但与第一段中所含意思相同。 10．What caused the roast turkey to drop onto the floor? A．The backward movement of the door. B．The son's rude behaviour. C．Someone happened to be at the door. D．The bird raised by the family. 解析：A　细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句可知，他成功地用肘部推开了门，但是复位的门却将火鸡打到了地上。故应选A项。 11．What do you think would probably be the result if the hostess got angry and scolded the son? A．It would make the embarrassing situation worse. B．The son would refuse to serve the guests any more. C．The son would talk back and make the mother all the more angry. D．The guests would leave before the dinner was over. 解析：A　推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可推知，如果女主人生气了，会使尴尬的情况更糟糕。 D (2023·全国乙卷)Living in Iowa and trying to become a photographer specializing in landscape (风景) can be quite a challenge，mainly because the corn state lacks geographical variation. Although landscapes in the Midwest tend to be quite similar，either farm fields or highways，sometimes I find distinctive character in the hills or lakes.To make some of my landscape shots，I have traveled up to four hours away to shoot within a 10­minute time frame.I tend to travel with a few of my friends to state parks or to the countryside to go on adventures and take photos along the way. Being at the right place at the right time is decisive in any style of photography.I often leave early to seek the right destinations so I can set up early to avoid missing the moment I am attempting to photograph.I have missed plenty of beautiful sunsets/sunrises due to being on the spot only five minutes before the best moment. One time my friends and I drove three hours to Devil's Lake，Wisconsin，to climb the purple quartz (石英) rock around the lake.After we found a crazy­looking road that hung over a bunch of rocks，we decided to photograph the scene at sunset.The position enabled us to look over the lake with the sunset in the background.We managed to leave this spot to climb higher because of the spare time until sunset.However，we did not mark the route (路线) so we ended up almost missing the sunset entirely.Once we found the place，it was stressful getting lights and cameras set up in the limited time.Still，looking back on the photos，they are some of my best shots though they could have been so much better if I would have been prepared and managed my time wisely. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。本文叙述了美国爱荷华州的一位摄影师的拍摄日常，为了拍出优秀的风景照，摄影师付出了很多，其中不乏艰辛，当然有收获也有遗憾。 12．How does the author deal with the challenge as a landscape photographer in the Midwest? A．By teaming up with other photographers. B．By shooting in the countryside or state parks. C．By studying the geographical conditions. D．By creating settings in the corn fields. 解析：B　细节理解题。根据第二段的“To make some of my landscape shots...the countryside to go on adventures and take photos along the way”可知，作者和他的朋友们到州公园或农村去拍照，以此来应对中西部缺少地理多样性的挑战。故B项正确。 13．What is the key to successful landscape photography according to the author? A．Proper time management. B．Good shooting techniques. C．Adventurous spirit. D．Distinctive styles. 解析：A　细节理解题。根据第三段第一句可知，恰当的地点和恰当的时间对于拍摄任何风格的照片都起着决定性的作用。第三段的最后一句验证了作者所说。故A项正确。 14．What can we infer from the author's trip with friends to Devil's Lake? A．They went crazy with the purple quartz rock. B．They felt stressed while waiting for the sunset. C．They reached the shooting spot later than expected. D．They had problems with their equipment. 解析：C　推理判断题。根据第四段的“However，we did not mark the route...it was stressful getting lights and cameras set up in the limited time”可知，文中描述的是几乎完全错过了日落，之后安置拍摄设备的时间就非常有限了，也就是说他们比预想的到达得晚。故C项正确。 15．How does the author find his photos taken at Devil's Lake? A．Amusing. B．Satisfying. C．Encouraging. D．Comforting. 解析：B　推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Still，looking back on the photos...if I would have been prepared and managed my time wisely”可知，虽然有准备不充分和时间管理不明智等方面的遗憾，作者依然认为这是一些自己拍得最好的照片。故B项正确。 第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 (2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)Not all great writers are great spellers.If you want to be published，it's vital to submit a perfect，professionally presented manuscript (原稿). 16 No editor is likely to tolerate a writer who does not take the trouble to spell words correctly. I keep two reference books close­by on my desk: dictionary and thesaurus (同义词词典).I don't trust my laptop's spellchecker. 17 Of course，these days there are plenty of online dictionaries and thesauruses，but I'm old­fashioned enough to prefer a hard cover and pages I can leaf through with my fingers.I use the Concise Oxford Dictionary and the Collins Thesaurus. 18 It should give you a precise definition of each word，thus differentiating it from other words whose meanings are similar，but not identical.It will also usually show how the word is pronounced. In addition，I have an old two­volume copy of the Shorter Oxford Dictionary，picked up a few years ago in a bookshop sale for just 99 pence.Of course，with its 2，672 pages，it's not exactly short.It contains around 163，000 words，plus word combinations and idiomatic phrases. 19 However，if I need to check the origin of a word or to look up examples of its usage，there's nothing better. For well over a hundred years the most influential English dictionary was Samuel Johnson's Dictionary of the English Language published in 1755.“To make dictionaries is dull (乏味) work，” wrote Johnson，illustrating one definition of “dull”． 20 A few minutes spent casting your eye over a page or two can be a rewarding experience. A．I don't often use this dictionary. B．It takes no account of the context. C．But I still don't want to replace them. D．But a dictionary can be a pleasure to read. E．Of course，a dictionary is not only for spelling. F．That means good grammar and no spelling mistakes. G．Dictionaries don't always give you enough information. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了纸质字典不仅仅在检查拼写方面权威，同时在检查词源、区分同义词、发音方面会给出很多详细的信息。同时，作者觉得闲暇时间阅读几页字典是非常值得的体验。 16．解析：F　考查解释关系。根据设空处前文中的“Not all great writers are great spellers.If you want to be published，it's vital to submit a perfect，professionally presented manuscript(原稿).”可知，前文主要介绍作者提交一份拼写正确，完美且专业呈现的原稿对于出版的重要性。结合后文中的“No editor is likely to tolerate a writer who does not take the trouble to spell words correctly.”可知，后文进一步强调稿件无拼写错误的重要性。因此，设空处应承上启下，继续介绍相关内容。F项“That means good grammar and no spelling mistakes.(那意味着语法和拼写均无错误。)”与前文构成解释关系。选项中的that指代前文中的“to submit a perfect，professionally presented manuscript”这件事。故选F。 17．解析：B　考查因果关系。根据设空处前文中的“I keep two reference books close­by on my desk: dictionary and thesaurus(同义词词典).I don't trust my laptop's spellchecker.”可知，作者对于自己电脑中的拼写检测器不信任，宁愿用纸质词典。B项“It takes no account of the context.(它不考虑上下文。)”与前文构成因果关系，解释作者为什么不用拼写检测器的原因。故选B。 18．解析：E　考查递进关系。根据前文内容可知，词典可以帮助我们校对拼写错误。结合本段后文“It should give you a precise definition of each word，thus differentiating it from other words whose meanings are similar，but not identical.It will also usually show how the word is pronounced.”可知，后文主要介绍词典的其他作用：给出单词的精确定义和展示单词的发音。因此，设空处应承上启下，引出后文。E项“Of course，a dictionary is not only for spelling.(当然，词典不仅仅可以帮助校对拼写。)”与前文构成递进关系，符合文意。故选E。 19．解析：A　考查转折关系。根据设空处后文中的“However，if I need to check the origin of a word or to look up examples of its usage，there's nothing better.”可知，没有什么东西比这个纸质字典更好的了，可以推断出however后面是好的含义，那么however前面是坏的逻辑，或者是一个贬义的句子。A项“I don't often use this dictionary.(我不经常使用这本词典。)”，承接前文内容，这本词典页数很多，收录的词也很多，显得有点笨重，所以“我”不经常使用。但如果“我”要查一个单词的词源或者查它的用法方面的例句，没有什么比这个字典更好的了。A选项在褒贬和转折逻辑方面与原文完美契合。故选A。 20．解析：D　考查转折关系。根据设空处前文中的“‘To make dictionaries is dull(乏味) work.’ wrote Johnson，illustrating one definition of ‘dull’．”可知，Samuel Johnson在编写字典时，吐槽编写字典是最无聊的经历。结合后文“A few minutes spent casting your eye over a page or two can be a rewarding experience.”可知，后文主要介绍从褒义的角度肯定浏览词典上的内容是有意义的体验。因此，空处应该填写一个褒义的句子，与前文中的dull这个贬义词形成对比。D项“But a dictionary can be a pleasure to read.(但词典读起来是一种享受。)”与前文构成转折关系，符合语境。故选D。 第二部分　语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 (2025·河南上学期阶段练习)The light turned yellow as I rushed to pick up my daughters from my mom's house.I was a teacher who had returned to work， 21 my mom to care for Grace and Genevieve，two and a half years old.The 22 of my job had grown，and I often felt 23 for the time my mom had to spend with the girls. Ten minutes later I arrived at my parents' house.A scene of chaos 24 me.The girls had 25 cushions off both couches.They were jumping from the couches to the cushions，wild looks on their faces.Genevieve glanced up.I reached for her.She screamed，“No！” Grace 26 me and kept jumping.It took me a second to find Mom，sitting exhaustedly in a chair，hair sticking up.“It's been a looong day，” she 27 ，“The girls are really tiring.” I apologized for being late and gathered the girls' things.As I fetched car seats from my mom's van，I 28 let Riley，our dog，escape.I chased him through the neighborhood，my heels off，until I finally 29 ． I started back to my parents'.The wind blew，rustling the branches of the maples (枫树) above me.I stood there for a moment.All lights around me 30 from windows，their glow warming me.I saw families inside around dinner tables，sharing their day's 31 ． Suddenly，I was 32 my life，seeing it more clearly than I had in years.There was my husband，the girls，my parents，even that naughty Riley.I thought of the laughter，the happiness，the love we shared.My 33 seemed small compared to the love we had. Back home，Riley settled down，and Grace played with my mom.It was a 34 that sometimes we need a break from routine to appreciate the blessings in our lives.The 35 pace of life is filled with love and joy，and focusing on what truly matters brings peace and contentment. [语篇解读]　这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述了作者是一名重返工作岗位的教师，没有时间陪伴女儿们，因此感到内疚。在感到压力的时候，作者看到家人们在一起分享幸福和爱，感到的压力也微不足道了。 21．A.leaving B．remaining C．departing D．arriving 解析：A　考查动词词义辨析。句意：我是一名重返工作岗位的教师，留下母亲照顾两岁半的格蕾丝和吉纳维芙。A.leaving留下；B.remaining保持；C.departing出发；D.arriving到达。根据后文“my mom to care for Grace and Genevieve，two and a half years old”可知，作者要去工作，所以留下母亲照顾两岁半的格蕾丝和吉纳维芙。故选A。 22．A.benefits B．demands C．rewards D．expectations 解析：B　考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的工作要求越来越多，我常常为妈妈不得不花时间陪我的女儿们而感到内疚。A.benefits利益；B.demands要求；C.rewards奖励；D.expectations期待。根据后文“for the time my mom had to spend with the girls”可知，作者没时间陪伴女儿，推测工作要求多。故选B。 23．A.anxious B．indifferent C．exhausted D．guilty 解析：D　考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我的工作要求越来越多，我常常为妈妈不得不花时间陪我的女儿们而感到内疚。A.anxious焦虑的；B.indifferent冷漠的；C.exhausted疲惫的；D.guilty内疚的。根据后文“for the time my mom had to spend with the girls”可知，作者没时间陪伴女儿，感到内疚。故选D。 24．A.connected B．encountered C．greeted D．approached 解析：C　考查动词词义辨析。句意：迎接我的是一片混乱。A.connected连接；B.encountered遇到；C.greeted迎接；D.approached靠近。根据前文“A scene of chaos”指迎接作者的是一片混乱。故选C。 25．A.thrown B．placed C．piled D．arranged 解析：A　考查动词词义辨析。句意：女孩们把两个沙发上的靠垫都扔了。A.thrown扔；B.placed放置；C.piled堆积；D.arranged安排。根据后文“They were jumping from the couches to the cushions，wild looks on their faces.(她们从沙发上跳到垫子上，脸上露出狂野的表情。)”推测女孩们把两个沙发上的靠垫都扔了。故选A。 26．A.observed B．noticed C．ignored D．watched 解析：C　考查动词词义辨析。句意：格蕾丝不理我，继续跳。A.observed观察；B.noticed注意到；C.ignored忽视；D.watched观看。根据后文“me and kept jumping”可知，女儿无视了作者，继续跳。故选C。 27．A.claimed B．whispered C．sighed D．laughed 解析：C　考查动词词义辨析。句意：“‘这是漫长的一天，’她叹了口气，‘女孩们真的很累人。’”A.claimed声称；B.whispered低语；C.sighed叹息；D.laughed笑。根据上文“It's been a looong day”可知，母亲因为疲惫而叹息。故选C。 28．A.deliberately B．accidentally C．intentionally D．occasionally 解析：B　考查副词词义辨析。句意：当我从我妈妈的货车上拿汽车座椅时，我不小心让我们的狗莱利逃跑了。A.deliberately故意地；B.accidentally意外地；C.intentionally故意地；D.occasionally偶尔。根据上文“As I fetched car seats from my mom's van”可知，作者是去拿东西的时候意外让狗跑掉的。故选B。 29．A.wore out B．paid off C．gave in D．gave up 解析：D　考查动词短语辨析。句意：我追着它跑过了整个街区，直到我最终放弃了。A.wore out磨损；B.paid off取得成功；C.gave in屈服；D.gave up放弃。根据后文“I started back to my parents'.(我开始回到父母家。)”可知，作者放弃了追狗。故选D。 30．A.weakened B．flashed C．shone D．disappeared 解析：C　考查动词词义辨析。句意：我周围的灯光从窗户里照出来，它们的光芒使我感到温暖。A.weakened削弱；B.flashed闪光；C.shone闪耀；D.disappeared消失。根据上文“All lights around me”指周围的灯光从窗户里照出来，应用shine。故选C。 31．A.chores B．stories C．problems D．routines 解析：B　考查名词词义辨析。句意：我看到里面的家庭围坐在餐桌旁，分享着他们一天的故事。A.chores家务；B.stories故事；C.problems烦恼，问题；D.routines常规。根据上文“I saw families inside around dinner tables，sharing their day's”以及常识，晚上一家人坐在一起分享一天的所见所闻的故事。故选B。 32．A.mirroring B．picturing C．dreaming D．foreseeing 解析：B　考查动词词义辨析。句意：突然间，我想象着我的生活，这是多年来最清晰的一次。A.mirroring反映；B.picturing想象；C.dreaming梦想；D.foreseeing预见。根据后文“There was my husband，the girls，my parents，even that naughty Riley.I thought of the laughter，the happiness，the love we shared.(我丈夫，女儿们，我父母，甚至那个淘气的莱利。我想起了欢笑、幸福和我们分享的爱。)”指作者想象自己和家人在一起的生活。故选B。 33．A.stresses B．joys C．plans D．memories 解析：A　考查名词词义辨析。句意：与我们之间的爱相比，我的压力似乎微不足道。A.stresses压力；B.joys快乐；C.plans计划；D.memories记忆。根据后文“seemed small compared to the love we had”以及上文提到作者的工作要求很多，所以是压力和爱之间的对比，故选A。 34．A.warning B．lesson C．reminder D．suggestion 解析：C　考查名词词义辨析。句意：它提醒我们有时需要离开日常生活休息一下，欣赏生活中的祝福。A.warning警告；B.lesson课程；C.reminder提醒的人(物)；D.suggestion建议。根据前文“Back home，Riley settled down，and Grace played with my mom.”可知，作者意识到有时候我们需要逃离日常生活，提醒自己欣赏生活中的祝福。故选C。 35．A.busy B．joyful C．peaceful D．wonderful 解析：A　考查形容词词义辨析。句意：忙碌的生活节奏充满了爱和喜悦，专注于真正重要的事情会带来平静和满足。A.busy忙碌的；B.joyful快乐的；C.peaceful平静的；D.wonderful绝妙的。结合前文作者的经历和后文“pace of life is filled with love and joy，and focusing on what truly matters brings peace and contentment”可知，此处说的是生活忙忙碌碌，专注真正重要的事情会带来平静和满足。故选A。 第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Ever wondered how many calories there are in the human body? Or ever wondered why old people have 36. (big) ears than they used to? The winners of Ig Nobel Prizes (诺贝尔奖) have got the answers. The Ig Nobel Prizes，37. (found) in 1991，are to honour achievements 38. first make people laugh，and then make them think.The ceremony 39. (take) place at Harvard University every year.Winners' acceptance 40. (speech) are limited to 60 seconds，41. (strict) monitored by an eight­year­old girl. The honoured research might seem ridiculous 42. first sight，but that doesn't mean it lacks scientific value.For example，the research in 2006 on why dry spaghetti tends to break into more than two pieces when it is bent was important for controlling fractures，which could have applications in everything from the design of highways and bridges 43. the engineering of nanotubes.And a follow­up paper 44. (publish) by MIT physicists several years later.But people are more likely to read about the broken spaghetti than to read an academic paper.Even when there is no immediate usefulness，45. is still good to encourage people to observe and think. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了搞笑诺贝尔奖，介绍了该奖项的由来和意义等。 36．解析：bigger　考查比较级。句意：或者有没有想过为什么老年人的耳朵比以前大？根据空后的“than”可知，空处为形容词比较级。故填bigger。 37．解析：founded　考查非谓语动词。句意：搞笑诺贝尔奖创立于1991年，旨在表彰那些先是让人发笑，然后又发人深思的成就。这里为非谓语动词担当状语，和主句主语“The Ig Nobel Prizes”之间为逻辑上的被动关系，用过去分词形式。故填founded。 38．解析：which/that　考查定语从句。句意：搞笑诺贝尔奖创立于1991年，旨在表彰那些先是让人发笑，然后又发人深思的成就。这里为定语从句的关系词，先行词为“achievements”，在定语从句中担当主语，用关系代词which或that引导。故填which/that。 39．解析：takes　考查时态和主谓一致。句意：颁奖典礼每年在哈佛大学举行。考查谓语动词，根据时间状语“every year”可知，本句时态为一般现在时；主语为“the ceremony”，第三人称单数，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填takes。 40．解析：speeches　考查名词的数。句意：获奖者的获奖感言被限制在60秒内，由一个8岁的小女孩严格监控。根据谓语动词“are limited”可判断，主语为名词的复数形式。故填speeches。 41．解析：strictly　考查副词。句意：获奖者的获奖感言被限制在60秒内，由一个8岁的小女孩严格监控。修饰动词“monitor”用副词形式。故填strictly。 42．解析：at　考查固定搭配。句意：这项获奖研究乍一看似乎很荒谬，但这并不意味着它缺乏科学价值。固定搭配：at first sight，意为“乍一看”，在句中作状语。故填at。 43．解析：to　考查固定搭配。句意：例如，2006年的一项关于为什么干意大利面在弯曲时往往会断裂成两段以上的研究，对控制断裂很重要，这可以应用于从高速公路和桥梁设计到纳米管工程的各个领域。固定搭配：from...to...，意为“从……到……”。故填to。 44．解析：was published　考查时态和语态。句意：几年后，麻省理工学院的物理学家发表了一篇后续论文。考查本句谓语动词，根据时间状语“several years later”可知，本句时态为一般过去时；主语为“a follow­up paper”，第三人称单数，和动词“publish”之间为被动关系，所以用一般过去时的被动语态。故填was published。 45．解析：it　考查代词。句意：即使没有直接的用处，鼓励人们去观察和思考也是好的。it担当形式主语，真正的主语为动词不定式。故填it。 第三部分　写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 假定你是李华，你的美国笔友Tom给你写信，在信中询问你最喜欢的西方喜剧演员，请你给他回信。内容包括： 1．你最喜欢卓别林； 2．你了解的卓别林的情况和令你印象深刻的卓别林的作品； 3．你的感悟。 注意：1.写作词数应为80左右； 2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 【参考范文】 Dear Tom， I'm glad to hear from you.I'm writing to tell you that Charlie Chaplin is my favourite comedian and I'd like to share with you something about him. Chaplin was born in a poor area of London.At an early age，he was forced to join the mobile troupe，travelling all over the UK.Afterwards he began working in the movie business，and in 1914 in a film he created a tragedy “Charlot”,and this special image is also my favourite film image.It brings both amusement and thinking to the audience. I like Chaplin especially because of his hard­working and perseverant attitude to life and his career. I'm looking forward to your early reply. Yours sincerely， Li Hua 第二节(满分25分) 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 (2024·新课标Ⅰ卷) I met Gunter on a cold，wet and unforgettable evening in September.I had planned to fly to Vienna and take a bus to Prague for a conference.Due to a big storm，my flight had been delayed by an hour and a half.I touched down in Vienna just 30 minutes before the departure of the last bus to Prague.The moment I got off the plane，I ran like crazy through the airport building and jumped into the first taxi on the rank without a second thought. That was when I met Gunter.I told him where I was going，but he said he hadn't heard of the bus station.I thought my pronunciation was the problem，so I explained again more slowly，but he still looked confused.When I was about to give up，Gunter fished out his little phone and rang up a friend.After a heated discussion that lasted for what seemed like a century，Gunter put his phone down and started the car. Finally，with just two minutes to spare we rolled into the bus station.Thankfully，there was a long queue (队列) still waiting to board the bus.Gunter parked the taxi behind the bus，turned around，and looked at me with a big smile on his face.“We made it，”he said. Just then I realised that I had zero cash in my wallet.I flashed him an apologetic smile as I pulled out my Portuguese bankcard.He tried it several times，but the card machine just did not play along.A feeling of helplessness washed over me as I saw the bus queue thinning out. At this moment，Gunter pointed towards the waiting hall of the bus station.There，at the entrance，was a cash machine.I jumped out of the car，made a mad run for the machine，and popped my card in，only to read the message：“Out of order.Sorry.” 注意：1.续写词数应为150左右； 2．请按如下格式作答。 I ran back to Gunter and told him the bad news. Four days later，when I was back in Vienna，I called Gunter as promised. 【参考范文】 I ran back to Gunter and told him the bad news.The cash machine was also out of order！In other words，I couldn't pay him now.I felt so depressed and sorry[心理描写，沮丧且抱歉]，an embarrassed smile creeping onto(逐渐浮现) my face(独立主格结构)[表情描写，体现尴尬处境].Then an idea occurred to me.I pointed at [手部动作描写] my phone and asked him to give his phone number to me so that I could contact him when I came back here(目的状语从句，其中 when 引导时间状语从句).Surprisingly，he comforted me that everything was OK since he had known how anxious I was(that引导宾语从句，其中 since 引导原因状语从句，how 引导宾语从句).After we said goodbye to each other，I rushed to[肢体动作描写] the queue.Fortunately，I didn't miss the whole arrangements for the conference. Four days later，when I was back in Vienna，I called Gunter as promised.He didn't recognise me immediately when I said hello to him.So I explained my intention.At first，he refused to charge me the fare.But I insisted I owe him the money(宾语从句＋虚拟语气).Therefore，we made a deal to meet at the bus station.When we met，I extended my gratitude for his trust in me，gave him the fare and tipped (给小费)him another sum of money[表达感激的心理以及付钱的动作链].Satisfied，he gave me a thumbs­up，praised me a lot for my honesty and also thanked me for the tip[司机收到报酬后的反应动作链]，but I told him that he deserved it(that 引导宾语从句).Till now，every time I recall this experience(every time 引导时间状语从句)，I can't help wondering(不禁琢磨) if there is more trust and honesty in the world，how charming our world will be(how 引导宾语从句，其中if 引导条件状语从句). 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $