Unit 5 Section Ⅴ Lesson 3（Word练习）-【精讲精练】2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第二册（北师大版）

[对应知能达标训练P25] Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1．(2024·浙江1月卷)The shelves in most supermarkets are full of family­size this and multi­buy that.However，if you're shopping for one，buying extra to benefit from price reductions doesn't make sense. 2．Assuming (assume) that I am elected chairman，I will organize more colorful after­class activities to enrich our school lives.(应用文之申请信) 3．I've been so inspired(inspire) by the many famous photos you've taken throughout your career. 4．(2023·全国甲卷) In the Digital Age，we're used to having(have) what we need immediately and right at our fingertips.However，research suggests that if we practiced patience(patient)，we'd be a whole lot better off. 5．He who does his duty is worthy of being praised (praise). 6．Over half of the students in our class approved of another basketball match with Class Two，but their approval was disapproved of by our PE teacher.(approve) 7．She spends a lot of time analysing her patients' dreams.This analysis is very helpful，explaining their daily behaviour very well.(analyse) 8．David was out of breath at the finishing line，saying，“It is owing to your encouragement that I can overcome my internal panic to challenge myself in the cross­country run.” 9．But only a different review appeared in Nature，a respected (respect) science magazine with specific readership. 10．Most obviously (obvious)，the men displayed lower blood sugar levels at the start of their workouts when they had skipped breakfast. Ⅱ.完成句子 1．These comparisons suggested that the device is made of (这个设备由……构成) lighter materials. 2．Most people are familiar with the idea that all matter consist of atoms (一切物质都是由原子组成的). 3．It is not surprising that (不足为奇) the companies go so far to attract attention. 4．Their assumption that their project (他们以为他们的课题) under way was something entirely new proved to be untrue. 5．He owes his success more to (认为他的成功更多的是靠) money than to effort. Ⅲ.课文语法填空 We usually acquire knowledge and understanding by 1.asking questions，2.answering questions and 3.testing them to find the right answers.But in the 17th century，this type of thinking was 4.against the views of the day.Because people believed more in the 5.church than in the facts.For example，when Galileo challenged what people had always believed and proved the ideas put forward by 6.Aristotle wrong，he was put in 7.prison.However，thanks to the 8.contributions made by people like Galileo，our understanding of the world is continuously 9.growing and 10.changing. Ⅰ.阅读理解 A (2025·江苏高二上期中)Have you ever walked into a room and forgotten why you went in there，or been about to speak but suddenly realized you had no idea what you were going to say? The human brain normally balances countless thoughts and actions，but sometimes，it seems to short­circuit.To figure out why，we have to look into what really happens when we forget what we were just thinking about. It's important to know two different types of memory: long­term and working memory.Long­term memories are a broad category of memories that involve knowledge and experiences stored in the brain for extended periods.On the other hand，thoughts in working memory，whose certain characteristics are likely to explain why we forget，flash through the mind for only seconds at a time. First，working memory has very limited capacity.People can hold only about four to seven “chunks” of information—such as letters or phrases—in their working memory at a time.Rather than being aware of all of these “chunks” simultaneously，the brain bounces around from one idea to another，making it more likely that one gets neglected.Second，the brain quickly erases unimportant things from working memory to make room for new information.So unless those short­term memories are transferred into long­term memories，they're soon gone from conscious thought. Because the brain isn't actually capable of multitasking，it has to juggle different thoughts as our working memory rushes around to different ideas，which requires conscious effort and attention.If attention becomes focused on only one of those thoughts or is diverted somewhere new，the brain loses track of the earlier thoughts.And alcohol and aging may worsen the case. To stop forgetting things，it's advised against multitasking.Moreover，recreating the context can help，which means going back into the room you were before.Those context clues might give the brain the extra boost it needs to reach back a few seconds in working memory and regain the thought.The scientific community has also identified several supplementary techniques designed to alleviate forgetfulness and enhance overall memory retrieval capabilities. [语篇解读]　这是一篇说明文。文章主要研究了我们的大脑是如何记忆的。 1．How does the author introduce the topic? A．By making comparisons. B．By listing numbers. C．By asking questions. D．By giving definitions. 解析：C　推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Have you ever walked into a room and forgotten why you went in there，or been about to speak but suddenly realized you had no idea what you were going to say? (你有没有过这样的经历：走进一个房间，却忘了自己为什么要进去？或者你有没有过这样的经历：刚想说话，却突然意识到自己不知道要说什么？)”可知，作者是通过问问题来引入话题的。故选C。 2．What do we know about working memory? A．Working memory can't be restored. B．Working memory benefits from multitasking. C．Working memory can typically be stored over long periods. D．Working memory usually holds limited information temporarily. 解析：D　推理判断题。由文章第三段中“First，working memory has very limited capacity.People can hold only about four to seven ‘chunks’ of information—such as letters or phrases—in their working memory at a time.Rather than being aware of all of these ‘chunks’ simultaneously，the brain bounces around from one idea to another，making it more likely that one gets neglected.Second，the brain quickly erases unimportant things from working memory to make room for new information.So unless those short­term memories are transferred into long­term memories，they're soon gone from conscious thought.(首先，工作记忆的容量非常有限。人们一次只能在工作记忆中存储大约4到7个‘信息块’，比如字母或短语。大脑不是同时意识到所有这些‘信息块’，而是从一个想法跳到另一个想法，这使得一个想法更有可能被忽略。其次，大脑会迅速清除工作记忆中不重要的东西，为新信息腾出空间。因此，除非这些短期记忆被转化为长期记忆，否则它们很快就会从有意识的思维中消失。)”可知，工作记忆通常只能暂时存储有限的信息。故选D。 3．What does the underlined word “juggle” in paragraph 4 probably mean? A．Delete. B．Balance. C．Create. D．Express. 解析：B　词义猜测题。由文章第四段中的“Because the brain isn't actually capable of multitasking，it has to juggle different thoughts as our working memory rushes around to different ideas，which requires conscious effort and attention.(因为大脑实际上并不能同时处理多项任务，所以当我们的工作记忆在不同的想法之间奔波时，它必须juggle不同的想法，这需要有意识的努力和注意力。)”可知，当我们的工作记忆快速涌现不同的想法时，大脑需要有意识的努力和注意力，来平衡不同的想法。juggle意为“平衡”。A.Delete删除；B.Balance平衡；C.Create创造；D.Express表达。故选B。 4．What will probably be talked about in the next paragraph of the text? A．The strategies of improving memory. B．The necessity of recreating the context. C．The fundamental cause of memory loss. D．The possible consequences of multitasking. 解析：A　推理判断题。由文章最后一段中的“The scientific community has also identified several supplementary techniques designed to alleviate forgetfulness and enhance overall memory retrieval capabilities.(科学界还确定了一些辅助技术，旨在减轻健忘和提高整体记忆检索能力。)”可知，接下来的段落可能会进一步讨论这些提高记忆的策略或方法。故选A。 B Recently，research on how a new virtual reality (VR) experience educated primary children about the fire disasters was done.It was developed by the University of South Australia，aiming to educate children to learn how to be safer in a fire. Focusing on children aged 10－12 years old，the new VR experience presents a situation where children are tasked to look after a friend's dog just before a fire event begins to unfold.They participate in a series of problem­solving activities to help save and protect themselves and the dog. The findings showed that more than 80 percent of children reported that they felt more confident to calmly evaluate the options and make wise decisions to protect themselves from a fire.This is especially significant considering that 91 per cent of participants originally lacked any knowledge of fires，and that 67 per cent had said that they were too young to make safety decisions in a fire. The researchers believed such immersive (沉浸式的)VR experiences had real potential to engage，educate and empower the young.“As children born in digital times，they are engaged by such technology and they can experience events realistically yet within the safe environment，”said Delene Weber，one of the researchers.“Well­designed VR can provide an opportunity for children to apply newly acquired knowledge，strengthen their learnt concepts，and enable immediate feedback—all incredibly valuable learning tools.” Meanwhile，because children have fewer life experiences，aren't as physically strong，and are less likely to have learned much about fire safety，they're often most at risk.Yet the capacity for children to contribute to fire safety at their household should not be underestimated. “Children do not need to be passive victims of disasters and with purpose­built virtual reality experiences such as these，we can help empower children to understand the risks and realize they can help，”said Weber. [语篇解读]　本文是说明文。文章介绍了最近，关于一种新的虚拟现实(VR)体验如何让小学生了解火灾的研究已经完成，旨在教育孩子们如何在火灾中更安全。 5．How does the new VR experience try to educate children? A．By introducing a virtual friend to them. B．By letting them solve virtual problems. C．By analyzing the causes of a fire event. D．By guiding them to ask dog for help. 解析：B　推理判断题。根据第二段“Focusing on children aged 10－12 years old，the new VR experience presents a situation where children are tasked to look after a friend's dog just before a fire event begins to unfold.They participate in a series of problem­solving activities to help save and protect themselves and the dog.(新的VR体验主要针对10－12岁的儿童，在火灾发生之前，孩子们的任务是照看朋友的狗。他们参与一系列解决问题的活动，以帮助拯救和保护自己和狗。)”可知，新的VR体验是通过让孩子们解决虚拟问题来教育他们的。故选B。 6．What did the result of the research about VR experiences show? A．Many children found it hard to adapt to them. B．They worked for children with knowledge of fire. C．They could greatly help ensure children's safety. D．Most children had a misunderstanding about them. 解析：C　推理判断题。根据第三段“The findings showed that more than 80 percent of children reported that they felt more confident to calmly evaluate the options and make wise decisions to protect themselves from a fire.(调查结果显示，超过80%的孩子报告说，他们更有信心冷静地评估各种选择，并做出明智的决定来保护自己免受火灾的伤害。)”可知，关于虚拟现实体验的研究结果显示他们可以极大地帮助确保儿童的安全。故选C。 7．What does Weber think of the new VR experiences? A．Unrealistic. B．Dangerous. C．Unnecessary. D．Significant. 解析：D　推理判断题。根据最后一段“‘Children do not need to be passive victims of disasters and with purpose­built virtual reality experiences such as these，we can help empower children to understand the risks and realize they can help，’said Weber.(‘孩子们不需要成为灾难的被动受害者，通过这样专门设计的虚拟现实体验，我们可以帮助孩子们理解风险，并意识到他们可以提供帮助。’韦伯说。)”可知，韦伯认为新的虚拟现实体验有很重要的意义。故选D。 8．What can be the most suitable title for the text? A．VR experiences make learning easier for kids B．VR experiences educate kids to survive a fire C．VR education appeals to the young generation D．VR technology makes no sense in fighting a fire 解析：B　主旨大意题。根据第一段“Recently，research on how a new virtual reality (VR) experience educated primary children about the fire disasters was done.It was developed by the University of South Australia，aiming to educate children to learn how to be safer in a fire.(最近，关于一种新的虚拟现实(VR)体验如何让小学生了解火灾的研究已经完成。它是由南澳大利亚大学开发的，旨在教育孩子们如何在火灾中更安全。)”可知，本文的最佳标题是“虚拟现实体验教育孩子们如何在火灾中生存”。故选B。 Ⅱ.七选五 (2025·北京上学期期中)Exam Anxiety Has this ever happened to you? You've been studying hard for your midterm，but when you walk into your exam，your mind goes blank，your heart races fast，you get sweaty palms and find it hard to breathe. 1 Everyone feels stressed during exams.Usually，it results from a fear of failure，lack of enough preparation time and bad experiences taking tests in the past.This is normal and often helps you work harder，think faster and generally improve your performance. 2 You may also feel that other people are managing the exam better than you.This can cause you to feel that your mind has “gone blank” on information you know you have revised. 3 Some choose to ignore the problem，while others don't review because they think they will do badly anyway and even miss exams due to the anxiety.It can also be really easy to think that if you don't try and then you fail，you won't feel as bad as if you fail after trying really hard. So what can you do to fight against the negative mindset and stay calm before and during your test? 4 Yes，this seems obvious，but it's worth repeating.If you feel confident that you've prepared thoroughly，you'll feel more confident walking into the test.The second tip is simple: just start.The blank page can maximize your anxiety. 5 You can always go back and change things later if needed，but a few quick answers can get the ball rolling.Besides，allocating (分配) your time is equally important.Look through the whole test before getting started.Mentally allocate how much time you'll spend on each section.If there's time to recheck，even better. A．The first thing you should do is to be prepared. B．People often deal with exam stress in many unhelpful ways. C.If these classic signs of exam anxiety sound familiar，you're not alone! D．Therefore，people need an appropriate amount of pressure to help deal with exams. E．Realizing time is almost up and that there's still a lot of blank space will make you desperate. F．However，if you are overly anxious about the result，you may be unable to focus on your work. G．After you get the paper，dive right in by getting some questions done to build up your confidence. [语篇解读]　本文为一篇说明文，介绍了什么是“考试焦虑”，它的消极影响及如何对抗这种负面的情绪。 1．解析：C　前文“You've been studying hard for your midterm，but when you walk into your exam，your mind goes blank，your heart races fast，you get sweaty palms and find it hard to breathe.(你一直在为期中考试努力学习，但当你走进考场时，你的大脑一片空白，心跳加速，手心出汗，呼吸困难。)”表明考试时会出现紧张和焦虑的现象，C选项“如果这些典型的考试焦虑症状听起来很熟悉，你并不孤单”表明这种焦虑的现象是普遍的，句子中的these classic signs与前文的your mind goes blank，your heart races fast，you get sweaty palms and find it hard to breathe呼应。故选C。 2．解析：F　前文“This is normal and often helps you work harder，think faster and generally improve your performance.(这很正常，通常会帮助你更努力地工作，更快地思考，提高你的表现。)”表明考试焦虑的益处，后文“You may also feel that other people are managing the exam better than you.(你也可能会觉得别人比你考得好。)”为一种负面的影响，F选项“然而，如果你对结果过于焦虑，你可能无法专注于你的工作”与前文进行转折，表示过度焦虑的坏影响，符合下文语境。故选F。 3．解析：B　后文“Some choose to ignore the problem，while others don't review because they think they will do badly anyway and even miss exams due to the anxiety.(一些人选择忽视这个问题，而另一些人不复习，因为他们认为他们无论如何都会做得很差，甚至因为焦虑而错过考试。)”表示不同的人如何消极地应对考试焦虑，B选项“人们经常用许多无益的方式来应对考试压力”引出下文无益的几种方式。故选B。 4．解析：A　前文“So what can you do to fight against the negative mindset and stay calm before and during your test？(那么，你能做些什么来对抗消极的心态，并在考试前和考试中保持冷静呢？)”提问应如何减少考试焦虑，保持冷静，再结合下文“If you feel confident that you've prepared thoroughly，you'll feel more confident walking into the test.(如果你觉得自己已经准备充分，那么在考试时你会更自信。)”可知，第一点应该是做好准备，A选项“你要做的第一件事就是做好准备”符合主旨。故选A。 5．解析：G　前文“The second tip is simple: just start.The blank page can maximize your anxiety.(第二个技巧很简单：只要开始就行。空白的纸能让你的焦虑最大化。)”说明第二个方法是直接答卷，G选项“拿到试卷后，你可以通过做一些问题来建立你的信心”表明在做题的过程中逐渐增加自信，符合前文语境。故选G。 Ⅲ.语法填空 (2025·湖南高二上期中)Li Bai's love of reading and travelling from an early age contributed to his romantic style.By reading books of all kinds，from legends to historical stories，he familiarized 1. (he) with classical Chinese culture，and more importantly，he acquired the 2. (wise) of previous generations.Even the most uninformed reader would not fail 3. (impress) by the poet's rich imagination.The moon and stars in the sky，the natural landscape and the 4. (figure) in legends all become a vehicle for his imagination.Equally impressive is Li Bai's free expression of strong feelings，5. breathes vitality into the lifeless objects he describes，and which distinguishes him 6. other landscape poets.These features are inseparable from Li Bai's wide use of exaggeration，metaphor and other artistic techniques. With his extraordinary imagination，free expression of strong feelings and mastery of language，Li Bai is 7. (wide) recognized as the greatest romantic poet after Qu Yuan.Generations of poets，both in China 8. abroad，owe a debt to his inspirational poems.One such poet is Ezra Pound，a 20th­century American poet.He 9. (fascinate) by Li Bai's poems and translated some of them in his 1915 poetry collection 10. (entitle) Cathay.Today Li Bai's poetry continues to be enjoyed by countless readers around the world. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了李白的浪漫主义风格形成的原因以及影响力。 1．解析：himself　考查代词。句意：通过阅读各种各样的书籍，从传说到历史故事，他熟悉了中国古典文化，更重要的是，他获得了前人的智慧。短语familiarize oneself with表示“熟悉……”，空处作宾语，与主语表示一个人，用反身代词。故填himself。 2．解析：wisdom　考查名词。句意：通过阅读各种各样的书籍，从传说到历史故事，他熟悉了中国古典文化，更重要的是，他获得了前人的智慧。作动词的宾语用名词wisdom，故填wisdom。 3．解析：to be impressed　考查非谓语动词。句意：即使是最无知的读者也会被这位诗人丰富的想象力所打动。此处为短语fail to do sth，reader与impress构成被动关系，故用to be done形式。故填to be impressed。 4．解析：figures　考查名词的数。句意：天上的月亮和星星，自然景观和传说中的人物都成为他想象的载体。此处表示泛指，应用复数形式。故填figures。 5．解析：which　考查定语从句。句意：同样令人印象深刻的是李白对强烈感情的自由表达，使他所描绘的无生命的物体充满活力，这是他与其他风景诗人的区别。此处为非限制性定语从句修饰上文句子，从句缺少主语，故填which。 6．解析：from　考查介词。句意：同样令人印象深刻的是李白对强烈感情的自由表达，使他所描绘的无生命的物体充满活力，这是他与其他风景诗人的区别。短语distinguish...from...表示“将……与……进行区别”。故填from。 7．解析：widely　考查副词。句意：李白以其非凡的想象力，自由表达强烈的情感和对语言的掌握，被公认为是继屈原之后最伟大的浪漫主义诗人。修饰动词recognize应用副词widely，故填widely。 8．解析：and　考查连词。句意：他的鼓舞人心的诗歌，深受国内外一代又一代诗人的喜爱。此处前后文为并列关系，应用连词and。故填and。 9．解析：was fascinated　考查时态语态。句意：他被李白的诗迷住了，并在1915年的诗集《华夏集》中翻译了其中的一些诗。主语He与谓语构成被动关系，根据后文in his 1915可知为一般过去时的被动语态，谓语用单数。故填was fascinated。 10．解析：entitled　考查非谓语动词。句意：他被李白的诗迷住了，并在1915年的诗集《华夏集》中翻译了其中的一些诗。此处collection与entitle构成被动关系，故用过去分词作定语。故填entitled。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $