Unit 4 Section Ⅳ Lesson 2（Word练习）-【精讲精练】2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第二册（北师大版）

[对应知能达标训练P7] Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1．(2025·全国二卷)If you're among the groups of people who are enjoying the mental and physical(physically) health benefits of surrounding yourself with plants，don't beat yourself up if one (or a few！) doesn't make it. 2．Humour has a positive psychological (psychology) effect when we are in difficulties. 3．We are energised (energy) by love if we put our energy into loving. 4．(2023·全国乙卷)What's more，indoor plants are easy to look after and are not very expensive (expense). 5．His teacher，Thomas Whaley，is next to him，whispering (whisper) support. 6．He lowered his head，and hesitated for a moment，wondering how to hide his inner embarrassment(embarrass).(读后续写之情感描写) 7．You accidentally (accidental) reveal to the entire company what menu choices you would prefer at the staff Christmas dinner. 8．The essence of consultation is to listen to，and take account of，the views of those consulted．(consult) 9．One deduction is that the infection (infect) has been present in humans for a very long time. 10．It's the age of incorporation (incorporate); have you ever thought about faithful cooperation? Ⅱ.完成句子 1．It is by no accident (绝非偶然) that indeed Tango has so many potential lovers all around the world. 2．(2023·全国甲卷)With millions of people likely to take on (可能会接受) DIY projects over the coming weeks，new research shows that more than half of people are planning to make the most of the long，warm summer days to get jobs done. 3．How clever (多聪明) you are! Could you tell me what makes you deduce that I am the author of the letter? 4．To our joy，the new scientific method has finally proved to be (证明) a success. 5．(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)I was waiting for the writing contest result with anxiety as if/though (好像) I were sitting on pins and needles. Ⅰ.阅读理解 A (2025·黑龙江高二上阶段练习)Imagine this: You're walking in the beautiful city of Melbourne when you spot a man carrying a giant carrot.As odd as it sounds，this is a common occurrence for Australian locals.In fact，folks have come to know and love this delightful man so much that on the most popular photo app，there's a whole page dedicated to keeping up with where he's been seen last. Although just about everyone he comes across is elated to see the carrot man，naturally，they all have to wonder...why does he do it? The answer is simple: To make people smile.Still，how did he even come up with the idea? Luckily，the carrot man，as he's lovingly called，is happy to share all of the details.First of all，his real name is Nathan.And he's been carrying around his unusual companion for over a decade. While shopping one day，he bought a giant carrot.In doing so，he noticed it made a number of people smile.Curious of the effects the carrot had on folks，he tried carrying a giant octopus (章鱼) and a squid (鱿鱼) as well.Then，his beloved carrot came into his life. “After that，I made the giant carrot and carried it around town and I noticed a big difference，” Nathan shares.“The diversity of people smiling and the number of people smiling was much greater.So I just kept carrying the carrot around because it was the most successful thing that brings laughter to people.” Nathan tries to make an appearance with his carrot as much as he can，sometimes spending over an hour walking in order to fill someone's day with a little more sunshine.Based on all of the positive feedback he gets both in person and online，it's safe to say he's succeeding. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了墨尔本居民Nathan被称为“胡萝卜人”，他总是携带巨大的胡萝卜在街上走动，目的是让人们微笑，并收到了许多积极的反馈。 1．What does the underlined word “elated” in paragraph 2 mean? A．Excited. B．Embarrassed. C．Moved. D．Ashamed. 解析：A　词义猜测题。根据画线词的下文“The answer is simple: To make people smile.(答案很简单：让人们微笑。)”可知，这些人会因此而微笑，由此可知，他遇到的每个人看到他都很高兴，画线词意思应该与Excited“兴奋的，激动的”接近。故选A。 2．Why did Nathan try carrying a giant octopus and a squid? A．To select proper ingredients. B．To check the effect of carrot. C．To hunt for discounted food. D．To play tricks on customers. 解析：B　细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Curious of the effects the carrot had on folks，he tried carrying a giant octopus and a squid as well.(由于好奇这个胡萝卜对人的影响，他试着同时携带一只巨型章鱼和一只鱿鱼。)”可知，Nathan试着携带一只巨型章鱼和一只鱿鱼来测试胡萝卜的效果。故选B。 3．How did Nathan make people smile? A．By donating carrots to those in need. B．By sharing different carrots on media. C．By often going out with a giant carrot. D．By dressing up as a carrot deliveryman. 解析：C　细节理解题。根据第五段中Nathan所说的话“So I just kept carrying the carrot around because it was the most successful thing that brings laughter to people.(所以我一直带着胡萝卜到处走，因为这是给人们带来笑声的最成功的事情。)”可知，Nathan经常带着一个巨大的胡萝卜出门，让人们微笑。故选C。 4．Which word can best describe the carrot man? A．Knowledgeable. B．Adventurous. C．Trustworthy. D．Heartwarming. 解析：D　推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是最后一段中的“Nathan tries to make an appearance with his carrot as much as he can，sometimes spending over an hour walking in order to fill someone's day with a little more sunshine.(Nathan试图尽可能多地带着他的胡萝卜露面，有时他会花一个多小时的时间走路，为了让别人的一天多一点阳光。)”可知，文章讲述了墨尔本居民Nathan的故事，他被称为“胡萝卜人”，因为他总是携带巨大的胡萝卜在街上走动，目的是让人们微笑，并收到了许多积极的反馈。由此可知，胡萝卜人Nathan是非常暖心的。故选D。 B As the days get shorter and the cold weather rolls in，we all want to curl up in a blanket and sleep until spring rolls around.But making time to get outside in the sun，even when it's cold outside，could have bigger mood benefits than you might realize.New research finds that sunlight exposure is by far the greatest weather­related factor determining mental health.In other words，more sunshine，more happiness. For the study，a psychologist，a physicist and a statistician from BYU teamed up to compare daily environmental data from the university's Physics and Astronomy Weather Station with emotional health data archived by day for 16，452 adult patients who were being treated at the university's Counseling and Psychological Services.Other weather variables(可变因素) including temperature，pollution and rain were not found to have an impact on mental health. “We were surprised that many of the weather and pollution variables we included in the study were not significantly related to patients' scores once we had accounted for sun time.”said Dr.Mark Beecher，a professor of psychology at the university and the study's lead author. Exposure to sunlight is a significant factor in seasonal affective disorder.Research has shown that the brain produces more of the feel­good neurotransmitter serotonin on sunny days than it does on darker days.What's more，lack of sunlight is linked with lower vitamin D levels，which in turn has been correlated with depression and low energy. In addition to seeking professional help if you need it，taking a walk in the sun can help.Walking in nature is known to reduce stress，improve cognitive function，lighten the mood and even put the brain into a peaceful state. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一项新的研究，研究表明，晒太阳对于调节人的情绪、促进人的心理健康有很大的益处。 5．According to the new research，what can make people happier? A．Less pollution. B．Fewer rainy days. C．More cold weather. D．More exposure to sunlight. 解析：D　细节理解题。根据第一段最后两句可知，最新研究发现，更多地暴露在阳光下能让人们更快乐。 6．The underlined word “archived” in the second paragraph means “ ”． A．composed B．discussed C．recorded D．adjusted 解析：C　词义猜测题。根据第二段内容可知，在这项研究中，来自BYU的一名心理学家、一名物理学家和一名统计师合作，将该大学物理和天文气象站的日常环境数据与该大学咨询和心理服务部每天存档的16 452名成年患者的情绪健康数据进行比较。所以通过上下文语境可以判断出，“archived”一词是指“记录”的意思。 7．What did the researchers think of the findings of the research? A．They were as expected. B．They were surprising. C．They needed professional proof. D．They were not inclusive enough. 解析：B　细节理解题。根据第三段中Dr.Mark Beecher所说的话可知，研究人员很惊讶，他们纳入研究的许多天气和污染变量，在考虑了日照时间后，与患者的得分没有显著关联。所以研究人员认为研究结果令人惊讶。 8．What is the author's purpose in writing the text? A．To inform readers of a new study. B．To tell people a piece of good news. C．To introduce a new way to gain happiness. D．To explain the benefits of walking in nature. 解析：A　写作意图题。通读全文可知，文章第一段介绍了一项新的研究发现：阳光照射是迄今为止影响心理健康的最大天气因素。更多的阳光，更多的幸福。下文则是对该研究的具体介绍。所以作者写这篇文章的目的是告诉读者一项新的研究。 Ⅱ.完形填空 (2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)On Oct.11，hundreds of runners competed in a cross­country race in Minnesota.Melanie Bailey should have 1 the course earlier than she did.Her 2 came because she was carrying a 3 across the finish line. As reported by a local newspaper，Bailey was more than two­thirds of the way through her 4 when a runner in front of her began crying in pain.She 5 to help her fellow runner，Danielle Lenoue.Bailey took her arm to see if she could walk forward with 6 ．She couldn't.Bailey then 7 to let Lenoue climb onto her back and carried her all the way to the finish line，then another 300 feet to where Lenoue could get 8 attention. Once there，Lenoue was 9 and later taken to a hospital，where she learned that she had serious injuries in one of her knees.She would have struggled with extreme 10 to make it to that aid checkpoint without Bailey's help. As for Bailey，she is more 11 about why her act is considered a big 12 ．“She was just crying.I couldn't 13 her，” Bailey told the reporter.“I feel like I was just doing the right thing.” Although the two young women were strangers before the 14 ，they've since become friends.Neither won the race，but the 15 of human kindness won the day. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。Bailey在10月11日的越野赛中因为帮助一个对手而延误到达终点。虽然两人都没有赢得比赛，但人性善良的展示赢得了最终胜利。 1．A.designed B．followed C．changed D．finished 解析：D　根据上文提到的成百上千的选手在越野赛中竞争可知，Bailey参加了比赛；根据下文的“earlier than she did”“across the finish line”可知，此处指Bailey本应该要早一点完成(finished)比赛的。should have finished...意思是“本应该完成……”。design“设计”；follow“跟随”；change“改变”。故答案为D。 2．A.delay B．chance C．trouble D．excuse 解析：A　根据“because she was carrying a 3 across the finish line”以及下文描述可知，Bailey因为帮助竞争对手而耽搁(delay)了。chance“机会”；trouble“困难”；excuse“借口”。故答案为A。 3．A.judge B．volunteer C．classmate D．competitor 解析：D　根据第二段的“when a runner...Danielle Lenoue” “Bailey then 7 to let Lenoue climb onto her back and carried her all the way to the finish line”可知，Bailey背着她的竞争对手(competitor)通过了终点线。judge“裁判员，法官”；volunteer“志愿者”；classmate“同学”。故答案为D。 4．A.race B．school C．town D．training 解析：A　根据上文的“more than two­thirds of the way”以及下文的“a runner in front of her”可知，此处指她的比赛(race)。故答案为A。 5．A.agreed B．returned C．stopped D．promised 解析：C　根据下文的“to help her fellow runner”可知，此处指Bailey停下来(stopped)去帮助她的竞争对手。agree“同意”；return“返回”；promise“答应”。故答案为C。 6．A.courage B．aid C．patience D．advice 解析：B　根据上文的“Bailey took her arm to see if she could walk forward”可知，此处指Bailey抓着Lenoue的胳膊想看看在她的帮助(aid)下Lenoue是不是可以向前走。courage“勇气”；patience“耐心”；advice“建议”。故答案为B。 7．A.went away B．stood up C．stepped aside D．bent down 解析：D　根据下文的“let Lenoue climb onto her back and carried her all the way to the finish line”可知，此处是指Bailey弯腰(bent down)让Lenoue爬到她的背上。go away“离开”；stand up“起立”；step aside“站到一边，下台，让位”。故答案为D。 8．A.medical B．public C．constant D．equal 解析：A　根据下文的“Once there，Lenoue was 9 and later taken to a hospital”以及“that aid checkpoint”可知，Bailey把Lenoue背到一个她可以得到医疗处理(medical attention)的地方。public“公众的”；constant“不断的”；equal“平等的”。故答案为A。 9．A.interrupted B．assessed C．identified D．appreciated 解析：B　根据下文的“that aid checkpoint”可知，这个地方是进行医疗处理的地方，同时根据“later taken to a hospital”可知，Lenoue在这里先接受评估(assessed)，然后被送往医院。interrupt“打断”；identify“识别”；appreciate“感激”。故答案为B。 10．A.hunger B．pain C．cold D．tiredness 解析：B　根据上文的“crying in pain”“she had serious injuries in one of her knees”可知，如果没有Bailey的帮助，Lenoue会在极度疼痛(pain)中挣扎着到达那个医疗检查点。tiredness“疲劳”。故答案为B。 11．A.worried B．ashamed C．confused D．discouraged 解析：C　根据下文的“why her act is considered a big 12 ”和“I feel...the right thing”可知，Bailey是很疑惑的(confused)。worried“担心的”；ashamed“羞愧的”；discouraged“泄气的”。故答案为C。 12．A.game B．problem C．lesson D．deal 解析：D　根据下文Bailey对记者说的话可以看出，Bailey对其他人认为她的行为是一件重要的大事(a big deal)很不理解。故答案为D。 13．A.leave B．cure C．bother D．understand 解析：A　根据上文的“to help her fellow runner”以及“She was just crying”可知，这里是指Bailey不能丢下(leave)她。cure“治愈”；bother“打扰”。故答案为A。 14．A.ride B．test C．meet D．show 解析：C　根据上文可知，她们两个在这个比赛(meet)之前是不认识的。ride“骑行”；test“测试”；show“演出”。故答案为C。 15．A.secret B．display C．benefit D．exchange 解析：B　根据全文的描述可知，这里指的是人性善良的展示(display)赢得了最终胜利。benefit“益处”；exchange“交换”。故答案为B。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $