Unit 5 Section Ⅴ Lesson 3（Word教参）-【精讲精练】2025-2026学年高中英语必修第二册（北师大版）

本讲义围绕南极探险竞赛语篇展开，系统梳理核心词汇（如explorer, preparation）、语法点（完全倒装、have sb doing sth等）及阅读策略（细节理解、态度分析），构建“语篇输入-语言知识解析-练习巩固”的学习支架，助力学生逐步掌握语言运用能力。 资料以真实探险故事为载体，融合语言能力培养与文化意识渗透，通过标注语法现象（如动词不定式作定语）、设置练习题（判断、选择）提升学生语言理解与表达能力，引用斯科特日记片段培养思维品质（分析与评价）。课中辅助教师系统授课，课后便于学生复习词汇句型，有效查漏补缺。

Section Ⅴ　Lesson 3 [对应学生用书P63] On 1 June，1910，Captain Robert Falocn Scott left London to begin his journey to Antarctica①.While he was on the way to② Antarctica，he received a message from the Norwegian③ explorer④ Roald Amundsen which said he was going south，too.Then the race to the South Pole began! During the polar summer of 1910—1911，both teams organised food bases in preparation⑤ for their journeys the next year.[1]Then came the total darkness of the polar winter. Scott and Amundsen waited anxiously for spring. [1]时间状语Then置于句首时引起的完全倒装结构。 Amundsen was[2]the first to leave on 8 September，1911.He [3]had teams of dogs pulling the sledges⑥ and all his men were on skis⑦.Because of this，he made rapid progress⑧.Scott left on 1 November and soon had problems.First，his two sledges broke down⑨ and then the horses began to have serious difficulties with⑩ the snow and the cold.After a while⑪，Scott and his men had to push the sledges themselves. [2]动词不定式to leave作定语，修饰the first。 [3]have sb doing sth 使某人一直做某事。 Amundsen reached the Pole on 14 December，1911 and put a Norwegian flag there.Then he prepared for⑫ the return journey.Amundsen and his team arrived safely back to their starting base on 25 January，1912，ten days ahead of their planned schedule. Scott finally arrived at the Pole with four team members on 17 January，1912.They were shocked⑬ when they saw the Norwegian flag.Scott wrote in his diary. “Well，we have now lost the goal⑭ of our ambition⑮ and must face⑯ 800 miles of hard pushing—and goodbye to most of our dreams.” The return journey was one of the worst in the history of⑰ exploration⑱.The men were soon very tired and were running out of⑲ food.The weather conditions were terrible.Scott started to realise their hopeless⑳ situation： “We are very cheerful㉑，but what each man feels in his heart I can only guess.[4]Putting on our shoes in the morning is getting slower and slower.” [4]动词­ing形式作主语。 However，on their way back they found time to look for rocks.They carried 20 kilos of rocks all the way㉒ with them.Later，these rocks proved that at one time㉓ in the distant㉔ past，the continent of Antarctica was covered by plants. Then disaster came.Edgar Evans had a terrible disease and died after a bad fall.The next to go was Captain Oates，who was having great difficulty walking㉕.Scott recorded his death： “He said，‘I am just going outside and may be some time.’．..We knew that poor Oates was walking to his death，but though we tried to stop him，we knew that it was the act of a brave man and an English gentleman.We all hope to meet the end with a similar spirit，and certainly the end is not far.” Scott and two of his team members carried on㉖ and got within ㉗ eleven miles of one of their food bases.But then a terrible storm started and they could not leave their tent.Scott spent some of his last hours writing.He wrote a letter [5]full of sadness㉘ to his wife Kathleen： [5]形容词短语full of sadness 作定语，修饰a letter。 “I could tell you lots and lots about this journey.What stories you would have for the boy...but what a price to pay.” Scott's diary also told the story of their end： “We are getting [6]weaker and weaker and the end can't be far.It seems a pity，but I do not think I can write more.” [6]weaker and weaker 越来越虚弱，“比较级＋and＋比较级”表示“越来越……”。 The news of Scott's death shocked the world.Even Amundsen was moved by Scott's death saying“Captain Scott left a record，for honesty㉙，sincerity，for bravery，for everything that makes a man”．Scott had failed㉚ to win the race to the Pole，but the great courage [7]shown by Scott and his men made them heroes. [7]过去分词短语作定语，修饰courage。 ①Antarctica南极洲 ②on the way to...在去……的途中 ③Norwegian adj.挪威的 n.挪威人 ④explorer n.探险者；勘察者 ⑤preparation n.准备，预备 ⑥sledge n.雪橇 ⑦ski n.滑雪板vi.滑雪 ⑧make progress稳步前进；取得进步 ⑨break down停止运转，出故障 ⑩have difficulty/trouble with sth在某事上有困难 ⑪after a while不久；过一会儿 ⑫prepare for为……做准备 ⑬shock vt.震惊，惊骇 ⑭goal n.目的；目标lose/achieve a goal失去/实现目标 ⑮ambition n.抱负，雄心；追求，夙愿 ⑯face vt.&.vi.面对，面向 ⑰in the history of在……的历史进程中 ⑱exploration n.探险；探索 ⑲run out of 用完，耗尽 ⑳hopeless adj.没有希望的 hopeful adj.有希望的 ㉑cheerful adj.高兴的，兴高采烈的 ㉒all the way 一路上，自始至终 ㉓at one time 曾经，一度 ㉔distant adj.久远的；遥远的 ㉕have difficulty (in) doing sth做某事有困难 ㉖carry on 继续做某事 ㉗within prep.在……之内，在……内部 ㉘sadness n.悲哀，忧伤 ㉙honesty n.坦诚；诚实，正直 ㉚fail v．失败，不及格 fail to do sth 未能做成某事 1910年6月1日，罗伯特·福尔肯·斯科特上校离开了伦敦，开始了去南极洲的行程。在去往南极洲的途中，他收到了挪威探险家罗尔德·阿蒙森的一封信，信中说他也要去南极洲。于是，奔向南极的赛跑就开始了！ 在1910—1911年的极地的夏季，两支队伍都筹备了食品储备点，为来年的旅程做准备。接着极地的冬季来临，四处一片黑暗。斯科特和阿蒙森焦急地等待春天的到来。 1911年9月8日，阿蒙森第一个动身。他用成群的狗拉着雪橇，所有的队员都在滑雪板上行进。因此，他进展很快。11月1日，斯科特动身，但很快就出现了问题。先是他的两辆雪橇坏了，后来马匹开始在大雪和严寒的天气下出现严重问题。过了一阵子，斯科特和他的队员不得不自己推雪橇。 1911年12月14日，阿蒙森到达极点，在那里插上了挪威国旗。然后他准备返回。1912年1月25日，阿蒙森和他的团队提前10天安全抵达了他们出发的基地。 1912年1月17日，斯科特和四名队员终于到达了极点。当看到挪威国旗时，他们非常震惊。斯科特在日记中写道： “好吧，我们现在已经失去了我们奋斗的目标，而且必须要面对800英里的艰苦行进——并且要跟我们大多数人的梦想说再见。” 他们的回程是探险史上最糟糕的旅程之一。队员们很快就精疲力竭，食物也快吃完了。天气非常糟糕。斯科特开始意识到他们的处境令人绝望： “我们很高兴，但每个人内心里的感受我只能猜到。大家早上鞋子穿得越来越慢。” 然而，在回去的路上，他们还花时间去寻找了岩石。他们一路上带着二十公斤的石头。后来，通过这些石块可以证实，在遥远的过去，南极洲曾经被植物覆盖。 然后灾难来了。埃德加·埃文斯得了一种可怕的疾病，重重地跌倒后去世了。下一个离去的是奥茨船长，他连走路都很困难。斯科特记下了他的死亡： “他说，‘我要出去一下，可能会待上一会儿。’我们知道可怜的奥茨正走向死亡，尽管我们曾试图阻止他，但我们都知道这是一个勇敢的人、一个英国绅士的行为。我们都希望能以同样的精神挺到最后，我们也确实快走到最后了。” 斯科特上校和两名队员继续向前，到达距离他们其中一个食品储备点不足11英里的地方。但随后爆发了一场可怕的风暴，他们无法离开帐篷。在他生命的最后几个小时，斯科特花时间写下一些文字。他写了一封充满悲伤的信给妻子凯瑟琳： “关于这次旅行我有太多太多的事情想告诉你。很多你愿意给孩子讲的故事……但付出了多大的代价啊。” 斯科特的日记也讲述了他们的结局： “我们越来越虚弱，终点可能不远了。非常遗憾，但我想我无法继续写下去了。” 斯科特死亡的消息震惊了全世界。甚至阿蒙森也被斯科特的离世所触动，他说：“斯科特上校将永载史册，因为他诚实、真诚、勇敢，并拥有一个男人该有的一切。”斯科特没能赢得极点比赛，但斯科特和他的队员表现出的巨大勇气使他们成为了英雄。 [对应学生用书P65] Ⅰ.重点单词 基础单词 1．tent n.帐篷 2．captain n.上校；队长；组长 3．polar adj.极地的，地极的 4．prove vt.证明；证实 5．continent n.洲，大洲；大陆 拓展单词 6．explorer n.探险者；勘察者→explore v．探险；勘探→exploration n.探险；探索 7．preparation n.预备，准备→prepare vt.准备 8．base n.基地，大本营；基础 vt.以……为基地→basic adj.基本的 n.基本，要素→basically adv.基本上，本质上，大致说来 9．anxiously adv.焦虑地；不安地→anxious adj.忧虑的；不安的→anxiety n.担心；焦虑；渴望 10．ambition n.抱负，雄心；追求，夙愿→ambitious adj.有野心的，有雄心的→ambitiously adv.雄心勃勃地 11．cheerful adj.高兴的，兴高采烈的→cheer v．喝彩，欢呼；加油 n.欢呼声 12．distant adj.久远的；遥远的→distance n.距离；远方 13．honesty n.坦诚；诚实，正直→honest adj.诚实的 14．bravery n.勇气；勇敢的行为→brave adj.勇敢的 15．sincerity n. 真实，诚实，真诚→sincere adj.真诚的；诚挚的；真实的→sincerely adv.真诚地；由衷地，诚恳地 Ⅱ.重点短语 1．make progress 取得进步 2．on the way 在途中；正在走向；即将来临 3．run out 耗尽 4．all the way 一路上，远道，自始至终 5．at one time 曾经，一度 6．break down 停止运转，出故障 7．carry on 继续做某事 8．have difficulty with 在某方面有困难 Ⅲ.重点句型 1．完全倒装句 Then came the total darkness of the polar winter. 接着极地的冬季来临，四处一片黑暗。 2．have＋宾语＋宾语补足语(doing sth) He had teams of dogs pulling the sledges and all his men were on skies. 他用成群的狗拉着雪橇，所有队员都在滑雪板上行进。 [对应学生用书P66] Ⅰ.Read the text carefully and choose the best answers. 1．Which of the following is a fact about the team of Captain Scott? A．Captain Scott set out earlier than Roald Amundsen. B．Captain Scott started on 1 June 1910 and marched non­stop till 17 January，1912. C．On their way back，they carried 20 kilos of rocks all the way with them. D．The whole team died from hunger. 2．The story mainly tells us ． A．an experience of the race to the Pole B．the lesson from Captain Scott C．the way to the South Pole can be too hard D．enough food will ensure us to go 3．What is the author's attitude to Scott? A．Admirable. B．Pitiful. C．Objective. D．Disapproving. 4．What may lead to the death of Scott? A．Starvation. B．Being too tired. C．A terrible storm. D．Low spirits. 答案　1－4　CAAA Ⅱ.Judge the sentences are true(T) or false(F) according to the text. 1．Amundsen reached the Pole in less than 3 months.(　　) 2．Scott reached the Pole with five team members on 17 January，1912.(　　) 3．The return journey was one of the worst in the history of exploration.(　　) 4．“We are getting weaker and weaker and the end can't be far.”was in Scott's last diary.(　　) 5．Scott had failed to win the race to the Pole，but his team were also heroes.(　　) 答案　1－5　FFTTT [重点词汇] [对应学生用书P67] 1．on the way (＝on one's way) 在途中；正在走向；即将到来 in the way 　挡道 by the way　顺便说一下 in a/one way　在某种程度上 in no way　决不(置于句首时句子用部分倒装) [经典佳句] On our way to the house，it was raining so hard that we couldn't help wondering how long it would take to get there. 在我们回家的路上，雨下得很大，我们不禁想知道要花多长时间才能到那里。 [即学活用]　完成句子 ①酒店良好的服务在某种程度上弥补了其食物的不足。 The good service made up for the poor food in the hotel in a/one way． ②我们决不能再容忍你的行为。 In no way can we stand your behaviours any more. ③顺便问一下，午饭后我们要干什么？ By the way，what shall we do after lunch? 2．base n.基地，大本营；基础 vt.以……为基础 (1)base...on/upon　把……置于……基础之上 be based on/upon　以……为基础/根据 (2)basic adj.　基础的，基本的 (3)basis n.　基础；基本原则 on the basis of　根据；在……的基础上 [经典佳句] You should base your conclusion on/upon careful research. 你应该在仔细研究的基础上得出结论。 [即学活用]　单句语法填空/完成句子 ①This informative walk led by Richard Smyth introduces you to the basic(base) principles of photography in the wild.(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷) ②The report based on those figures shows that more basic facilities are in demand.Basically，there is a lot we can do to help.(base) ③这些天，我和我的同学一起根据英语课文改编了一个短剧。 These days，I，together with my classmates，have adapted a short play based on the English text． ④在老师的帮助下，我努力学习，最后我被一所重点大学录取了。 On the basis of the teacher's help，I studied hard and finally I was admitted to a key university. 3．preparation n.预备，准备 prepare v．准备 (1)in preparation for...　准备…… make preparations for...　为……做准备 (2)prepare for...　为……做准备 (3)prepared adj.　准备好的，有所准备的，事先做好的 [经典佳句] They've sold their house and car in preparation for leaving the country. 他们卖掉了房子和汽车准备出国。 With your assistance，I will make full preparations for the meeting. 在您的帮助下，我将为会议作好充分的准备。 (1)preparation用作不可数名词时表示“准备，预备”，常用于in preparation (for sth)短语中；介词in表示“处于……情况中”，如：in charge of (负责)，in possession of (拥有)等。 (2)用作可数名词时表示具体的“准备工作”，常与动词make连用，组成make preparations for；如：make arrangements for (为……做安排)，make a decision (做出决定)，make a comment (做评论)。 [即学活用]　单句语法填空/完成句子 ①After two months we were all prepared(prepare) and ready to go on stage.(2024·北京卷) ②The best preparation (prepare) for tomorrow is doing your best today. ③Zheng also revealed the lengths her supportive parents went to during her early years to prepare for the victory. ④为准备奥运会，他每天都刻苦训练。 In preparation for the Olympic Games，he trains hard every day. ⑤他没有为考试做任何准备，所以没及格。 He didn't make any preparation for this exam，so he failed. 4．prove vt.证明；证实 prove sth to sb 　向某人证明某事 prove oneself (to be)...　证明自己是…… prove (to be)＋n./adj.　原来是；证明是 It is proved that...　据证明…… [经典佳句] They prove themselves (to be) wise and brave. 他们证实自己机智勇敢。 Finding a small neighborhood in a vast country proved to be impossible. 事实证明，要在一个幅员辽阔的国家里找到一个小社区是不可能的。 [即学活用]　单句语法填空/完成句子 ①She proved herself (her) to be an able secretary. ②At least one thing proved true (truth): the color wouldn't wash out. (2023·全国乙卷) ③Can you prove your theory to us? ④ 据证明，随机搜索法对此类问题具有非常好的适应性。 It is proved that the random search method is most adaptive to solve the problem. 5．break down 停止运转，出故障；(身体等)垮掉；失败；使分解 break out 　突然爆发 break up　粉碎；结束；解散 break through　获得重大发现；取得重大突破；冲出 break into　破门而入，强行闯入 break away from　摆脱，脱离 [经典佳句] Talks with business leaders broke down last night. 昨晚与商界领导人的谈判失败了。 [即学活用]　写出句中break down的含义/单句语法填空 ①Her health broke down under the pressure of work.垮掉 ②I left London when my marriage broke down.失败 ③The car broke down just north of Paris.出故障 ④Food is broken down in the stomach.使分解 ⑤Angry people broke through the barriers despite of warnings from the police. ⑥A terrible fire broke out on Sunday night，leaving the Henderson Tower seriously damaged.(译林选必二U1) ⑦The workers will break up the old car for its parts. [重点句型] [对应学生用书P69] 1．(教材原文)Then came the total darkness of the polar winter. 接着极地的冬季来临，四处一片黑暗。 (1)表示地点的副词here，there，up，down，out，in，away；表示时间的副词now，then；表语以及表示地点的介词短语位于句首时，句子用完全倒装。 (2)完全倒装句中的谓语动词常是系动词be或come，go，lie，stand等不及物动词，且主语是名词。 [句式分析]　该句为完全倒装语序，主语为the total darkness of the polar winter，谓语为came。 (1)这种完全倒装结构的时态只限于一般现在时或一般过去时。 (2)谓语动词的单复数视后面主语的单复数而定。 [即学活用]　用完全倒装结构完成下列句子 ①At the foot of the mountain lives an old man (住着一位老人). ②Out rushed a big dog (一条大狗冲了出来). ③North of the village lies a river (卧着一条河). ④When we Chinese need help in a foreign land，at our back stands a strong motherland (站着一个强大的祖国). 2．(教材原文)He had teams of dogs pulling the sledges and all his men were on skis. 他让成群的狗拉着雪橇，所有人都坐在滑雪板上。 have sb /sth doing 　让某人做某事(动作具有持续、进行含义) have sb do 　让某人做某事 have sth done　让/请别人做某事；遭受到 [句式分析]　本句使用了句型“have＋宾语＋宾语补足语”，其中have是使役动词，意为“使，叫，让”。 [即学活用]　单句语法填空 ①He had his favorite Alsatian dog poisoned (poison) and two other dogs in the household shot (shoot). ②She'll have you doing (do) all the housework if you're not careful. ③The rich lady had the singer eat (eat) with her servants. [对应学生用书P70] Ⅰ.教材语块必备 1．the next year　第二年 2．the race to　到……地方去的赛跑/比赛 3．the first to do sth　第一个做某事的人 4．make great progress　取得巨大进步 5．ahead of the planned schedule　比计划时刻表提前 6．the return journey　回程 7．a letter full of sadness　一封充满悲伤的信件 8．fail to do sth　做某事未成功 Ⅱ.单词拼写/完成句子 1．(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷) I jumped out of the car，made a mad run for the machine，and popped my card in，only to read the message(信息): “Out of order.Sorry.” 2．Watching him climb up the cliff，everybody was breathless anxiously(焦急地). (读后续写之情绪描写) 3．(译林选必一U3)At first sight，the overall scene of life in the capital city appears peaceful，and cheerful (愉悦的).However，some critics suggest that on closer inspection，the painting actually exposes serious political and social problems. 4．While I was on the way to school (在去上学的路上)，I spotted a homeless dog. 5．When I last met him，he was preparing for (为……做准备) the term­examinations. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $