专题06 名词、数词（复习讲义）（上海专用）2026年中考英语一轮复习讲练测

专题06 名词、数词 目录 01 考情剖析·命题前瞻 1 02 思维导图·网络构建 3 03 考点通关·靶向突破 4 ★ 考点一 名词 4 ★ 考点二 数词 9 04 优题精选·练能提分 14 考点 课标要求 复习目标 名词（可数 / 不可数） 区分可数名词与不可数名词，掌握不可数名词的量化表达（如 a cup of water） 1. 系统梳理名词、数词的基础规则，强化单复数、基数词 / 序数词的准确运用能力； 2. 熟练掌握名词所有格、数词核心表达（分数 / 倍数等）的构成规则； 3. 厘清易混点（如可数名词复数特殊变化），提升语境适配准确性 名词单复数变化（规则 / 不规则） 掌握可数名词复数的规则变化（加 - s/-es）及不规则变化（如 child→children） 名词所有格（'s/of 结构） 掌握名词所有格的构成（如 Tom's book、the door of the room）及使用场景 数词（基数词 / 序数词） 掌握基数词（表数量）、序数词（表顺序）的构成及转换规则（如 five→fifth） 数词固定表达（分数 / 倍数 / 年龄） 掌握分数（分子基数词 + 分母序数词）、倍数（times）、年龄（in one's + 整十复数）的表达 命题预测 名词 / 数词是中考英语的基础高频考点之一。主要命题角度：名词单复数变化（高频）、名词所有格用法（高频）、序数词构成与运用（高频）、数词固定表达（中频）。主要在单项选择、短文填空中考查。 解题锦囊 锦囊 1：判断名词单复数 —— 看修饰词（some/many + 可数复数；much/a little + 不可数），记清不规则复数特殊形式； 锦囊 2：名词所有格 “就近原则”—— 人 / 动物用's，无生命事物多用 of 结构（如 the window of the house）； 锦囊 3：数词 “顺序用序数词”—— 序数词前常加 the（如 the third day），分数表达 “分子大于 1，分母变复数”（如 two thirds）。 考点一 名词 名词的数 1、规则的可数名词 1）一般加s 2）以 s，sh，ch，x结尾的加 –es 3）辅音字母 + y结尾的变 y为 ies 4）以 o 结尾的词 +es; 以 o 结尾 +s 5）以f，fe 结尾的多数为-ves; 以f，fe 结尾的少数直接 + s 1. teachers, books, 2. classes，dishes, matches, boxes 3. cities，countries，parties，factories 4. (1) heroes，Negroes，tomatoes，potatoes (2) radios，zoos，bamboos，pianos，kilos，photos 5. (1) leaves，lives，wives，knives，halves，wolves (2) roofs proofs, gulfs, beliefs 2、 不规则的可数名词 1）单复数词形相近 2）fish如表示不同种类的鱼时复数是fishes： 3）以man, woman 修饰名词构成合成词时 4）单复数相同 1.man—men, woman—women, tooth—teeth, foot—feet, child—children, mouse—mice 2. There are many kinds of fishes in that lake. 3.man servant—men servants； woman doctor—women doctors. (*boy/girl students) 4. sheep, fish, deer, means, Chinese, Japanese, works 3、复合名词 1. son-in-law---sons-in-law 2. looker-on—lookers-on 4、字母,阿拉伯数字 1. There are two l’s in the word “ all ”. 2. Your 7’s and 9’s look alike. 3. It happened in the 1960’s /1960s. 4. I will not accept your if’s and but’s. 5、定冠词加姓氏的复数 the Turners, the Smiths, the Wangs 6、集体名词 class, family, population, team, crew 1. The class is big.---The class are taking notes in English. 2. The population in China is large. ---- 80% of the population in China are peasants. 7、以s 结尾的学科名词 mathematics , physics, politics, news 8、glasses， trousers类 1. Where are my glasses ？ 2. My new pair of trousers is too long. 3. Here are some new pairs of shoes. 9、不可数名词表示“一个”时 1. a piece of news / information / advice / bread / cake / paper / meat / coal 2. a bottle of ink 10、常考不可数名词 information, weather, news, advice, fun，etc. 名词的所有格 1. 一般加’s (1)复合名词只在最后一个词的后面加 ’s (2)表示共同所有的几个名词，只在最后一个词的后面加’s (3)表示各个所有关系的几个名词，在每个名词后分别加’s (4)名词短语只在最后一个词后加 ’s 1.my sister-in-law’s brother. 2.This is Tom, James and Dick’s room. 3.Jenny’s, Jean’s and Mary’s rooms face （to the） south. 4.a quarter of an hour’s talk 2. 有时加of 1）凡不能用’s的情况可用 of表示所属关系 2)当名词有较长的定语时： 1. the City of New York. 2. a map of China. 3. the name of the girl standing at the gate. 4. Have you read the articles of the students who were with us yesterday？ 3. 双重所有格 当of前面的名词有不定冠词、指示代词、疑问代词、不定代词或数词如 a, an, this, that, these, those, two, three, four, any, some, several, no, few ,another等修饰时 1. a poem of Lu Xun’s 2. a friend of his/hers 3. Which novel of Dicken’s are you reading ? 4. some friends of my brothers’ 4．几种特殊情况 1. the key to the door 2. answers to the question 3. the entrance to the station / cinema 4. tickets for the film / movie 【易错提醒】 (1)有些抽象名词是可数名词.如: success成功 success成功的人或事 beauty美丽 beauty美人或美丽的事物 (2)要表示不可数名词的数量,必须在它的前面加表示数量的短语.如: a bottle of ink一瓶墨水 a cup of tea一杯茶 three bags of rice 三袋米 two pieces of paper 两张纸 一、单词拼写 1．（2025·上海杨浦·三模）The snow fell several overnight, covering everything in a thick blanket. (inch) 2．（2025·上海虹口·三模）The two groups finally reached an after long discussions. (agree) 3．（2025·上海虹口·三模）The in the library need to be cleaned before the new books arrive. (shelf) 4．（2025·上海·模拟预测）All the (win) will attend the award presentation. 5．（2025·上海金山·三模）There is going to be a football between Class One and Class Two. (compete) 6．（2025·上海金山·三模）Everyone in our class is looking forward to the of the new math teacher. (arrive) 7．（2025·上海金山·三模）The book written by Leo is so popular that it has sold millions of . (copy) 8．（2025·上海杨浦·三模）They celebrated the of the new year with fireworks and music. (arrive) 9．（2025·上海·模拟预测）The old man made a about the waiter’s bad attitude towards customers. (complain) 10．（2025·上海·模拟预测）The director’s first movie has received lots of good . (review) 11．（2025·上海奉贤·二模）Educational , like building blocks, help kids develop problem-solving skills. (toy) 12．（2025·上海奉贤·二模）Winning the science fair was a great for the young student. Hard work finally paid off. (achieve) 13．（2025·上海嘉定·二模）I will decide whether to accept his after I check my schedule. (invite) 14．（2025·上海松江·二模）The president answered every question that the raised. (report) 15．（2025·上海虹口·二模）I have looked up the word “stick” in the dictionary. It has many . (meaning) 16．（2025·上海松江·二模）Do you still remember the of the story? (begin) 17．（2025·上海虹口·二模）Philip kept the windows closed all day because there was too much outside. (noisy) 18．（2025·上海徐汇·二模）Jane has had a strong in exploring ancient cultures since childhood. (interesting) 19．（2025·上海徐汇·二模）The fish in the pond opened their wide for food when we went closer. (mouth) 20．（2025·上海嘉定·二模）It’s a chance to raise and talk about the mental health of children. (aware) 21．（2025·上海崇明·二模）During the Lantern Festival, people usually write their on lanterns.(wish) 22．（2025·上海崇明·二模）The doctor gave the students a good to deal with stress before taking exams.(suggest) 23．（2025·上海浦东新·二模）All year round, the riverside garden has a rich of green plants and flowers. (collect) 24．（2025·上海浦东新·二模）Using is a helpful way for us to improve our self-study skills. (dictionary) 25．（2025·上海青浦·二模）When you meet someone for the first time, make a good by smiling. (impress) 26．（2025·上海闵行·二模）We should listen to the teacher’s instructions during a fire drill.（safe） 27．（2025·上海青浦·二模）The detective worked hard to uncover the behind the mystery.(true) 28．（2025·上海青浦·二模）The artist used different-sized to create the detailed artwork. (brush) 29．（2025·上海闵行·二模）The fairy told the old couple that she could realize three for them. (wish) 30．（2025·上海宝山·二模）Teachers always tell students that they should show to classmates. (kind). 31．（2025·上海长宁·二模）Many in China choose to spend the Spring Festival at home. (family) 32．（2025·上海静安·二模）Ne Zha 2 can encourage people to show in themselves. (confident) 33．（2025·上海宝山·二模）The supermarket is offering discounts on those fresh . (strawberry) 34．（2025·上海静安·二模）My little sister has got two now, so she can eat noodles. (tooth) 35．（2025·上海金山·二模）We should face all kinds of we come across in our life bravely. (difficulty) 36．（2025·上海徐汇·二模）If you get into legal trouble, it’s wise to ask for advice from a as soon as possible. (law) 37．（2025·上海金山·二模）The new has received excellent reviews from the customers since it came out. (produce) 38．（2025·上海普陀·二模）Mrs. Tang was really angry to see her son’s all over the floor. (toy) 39．（2025·上海普陀·二模）A real helps people see the world in a different way. (art) 40．（2025·上海黄浦·二模）Emma’s dream is to become a famous when she grows up. (design) 41．（2025·上海黄浦·二模）The of the campfire creates a perfect atmosphere for storytelling. (warm) 42．（2025·上海黄浦·二模）A few talented have won awards for their outstanding performances. (actress) 43．（2025·上海杨浦·二模）The first I had of the city was how clean and organized it was. (impress) 44．（2025·上海闵行·三模）Statistically, the number of about the delivery service is increasing. (complain) 45．（2025·上海·模拟预测）A witness told the police that two stole a valuable vase from the museum. (thief) 考点二 数词 【考点诠释】 1. 序数词的拼写 序数词 缩写 序数词 缩写 first second third fourth fifth sixth seventh eighth ninth tenth eleventh twelfth 1st 2nd 3rd 4th 5th 6th 7th 8th 9th 10th 11th 12th twentieth twenty-first thirtieth thirty-fifth fortieth fiftieth sixtieth seventieth eightieth ninetieth hundredth 20th 21st 30th 35th 40th 50th 60th 70th 80th 90th 100th 2. 表示计量： 即事物的长度、宽度、深度和高度，应采用基数词。 It is 50 metres / kilometers/miles long (wide, deep, high). 它有50米/千米/英里长（宽、深、高）。 3. 表示编号： 编号的数字如果过小，可用序数词或基数词表示；如果数字较大，通常用基数词表示。 1. The tenth lesson=Lesson Ten    第10课 2. Room 405                   第405号房           3. Page 215                    第215页 4. No.14 Middle School          第14中学 5. Telephone NO.5855806         电话： 5855806 4. 表示不确切的数字： 基数词后面直接加上复数名词表示精确的数字，而基数词复数形式加上“of” 表示不确切的数字。 1. five hundred students           500名学生 2. two thousand people            2000人 3. five dozen pencils              5打铅笔 4. hundreds of students            几百名学生 5. millions of workers             成千上万的工人 6. scores of chairs                几十张椅子 5. 表示年龄和岁数 1. He is a boy of 10 yeas old.             = He is 10 yeas old.                          = He is 10 (years of age).                       = He is a ten-year-old boy.                      2. At the age of ten, he began to learn English.  3. My father is in his fifties.        我爸爸50多岁。 6. 表示年代： 表示什么世纪，什么年代时，通常在数词后加s或’s，并在年代前加定冠词the , 1.， 读作：nineteen eighties. 2.  His grandfather died in the 1970’s/1970s。           7. 表示分数： 分子用基数词，分母用序数词。分子是one时，分母不必加s; 分子大于one时，分母要加s. 1. a(=one) third    三分之一         one fifth     五分之一 2. two thirds       三分之二       three fourths     四分之三 3. Two thirds of the trees were cut down ten years ago. 8. 表示百分数： 百分数的表达方式是：基数词+ percent（单数形式）+of+名词。 1. Thirty percent of the students in my class are from cities.    2. About 61 percent of the surface is covered by water.    【易错提醒】 1. 基数词 vs 序数词：易混淆“twelve”与“twelfth”，注意序数词后加-th，部分需变形（如five→fifth）。 2. hundred/thousand/million 前有数字绝不可加 s 300 = three hundred（✔），three hundreds（✘）。 3. “几百上千”泛指数时才加 s 并带 of hundreds of people（✔），three hundreds of people（✘）。 1．（2025·上海·模拟预测）There are ________ people in my family. We live on the ________ floor in a tall building. A．fifth; five B．five; fifth C．five; five D．fifth; fifth 2．（2025·上海闵行·三模）Over ________ people attended the business meeting the day before yesterday. A．hundred of B．hundreds of C．two hundred D．two hundreds 3．（2025·上海·模拟预测）The teaching building in our university is about ________high. A．fifty-five metre B．fifty-five metres C．fifty-five-metre D．fifty five metres 4．（2025·上海奉贤·二模）Only ________ of students passed the advanced math test, making it the toughest exam this year. A．one-fifth B．two-fifth C．one-five D．first-five 5．（2025·上海徐汇·模拟预测）Our school library houses over ________ books, covering a wide range of subjects from ancient history to modern science. A．two thousands B．two thousand C．thousands of D．two thousand of 6．（2025·上海静安·一模）Five ________ students in our school took part in the opening ceremony of the Tourism Festival. A．hundred B．hundreds C．hundredth D．hundreds of 7．（2024·上海奉贤·二模）Even though my grandpa is ________, he still takes an active part in voluntary work. A．at his seventies B．in his seventies C．at his seventy D．in his seventy 8．（2023·上海浦东新·三模）“One million four hundred and sixteen” can also be written as “_________”. A．1,004,016 B．100,416 C．1,000,416 D．1,000,460 9．（2022·上海徐汇·二模）The topic “Food Safety” receives ________ Internet hits (点击) from customers every day. A．thousands B．thousand C．thousand of D．thousands of 10．（2023·上海虹口·一模）Jenny has drawn _________ comic strips and she is going to have them published next year. A．hundreds B．hundred C．hundred of D．hundreds of 【真题链接】 1.（2022·上海中考真题）Lily is reading the _________ story in the book about Chinese history. （six） 2．（2021·上海·中考真题）Lily and Mary have known each other for ________ years. (seventh) 3．（2020·上海·中考真题）Uncle Andy tried_____different jobs，and finally chose to be a lawyer．（tenth） 4．（2019·上海·中考真题）On the______page of the book，there is an encouraging story.（eight） 5. （2018·上海·中考真题）Look! The_______lady from the left in the photo is my favourite teacher. (six) 。 6．（2017·上海·中考真题）My school is going to have an open day on the ________ of next month.（ten） 7．（2016·上海·中考真题）Could you pass me the ________ dictionary from the right on the shelf ? 8．（2014·上海·中考真题）The medicine should be taken_______a day after meals, George. (two) 9．（2015·上海·中考真题）Rose received a letter full of love from her parents on her ______ birthday. A．sixteen B．sixteen’s C．sixteenth D．sixteenths 10．（2012·上海·中考真题）Last year, I visited a chemical factory in Baise, there are about ________ workers in it. A．six thousands B．six thousand C．six thousands of D．six thousand of 1.（2022·上海中考真题）Wu Mengchao, a great and ordinary, _____ saved lots of patients with his magic hands. A)doctor B)engineer C)writer D)scientist 2.（2022·上海中考真题）She believed in facts and observation. In order to explain those “strange” events, she did some ______. （选自完形填空部分） A. exercises B. drawings C. reviews D. experiments 3. （2021·上海中考真题）Last week, my friend and I watched an exciting 4 D film in the ___ and it made us feel so real. A) family B)tree C)cinema D)dream （选自完形填空部分） 4.（2017·上海中考真题）I don't think there is ever a good reason to lie to our children．Children learn honesty from the 　 　 they see．（选自完形填空部分） A．Films B．Details C．Examples D．teachers 5.（2018·上海中考真题）As you know,teachers always put the _____ of students above anything else. A)actions B)needs C)records D)attitudes （选自完形填空部分） 6.（2019·上海中考真题）These weren’t stopped by their age or size or lack of resources ，they saw a______ in the world around them and to step hep where they could. （选自完形填空部分） A. sign B. need C. reason D. change 7.（2020·上海中考真题）The book shows them，through other kids' stories，how they can make a ___，too. A. plan B. mistake C. decision D. difference 8.（2020·上海中考真题）Find the right so that your efforts will work well. A．time B．place C．habit D．skill 9.（2021·上海中考真题）A walk in the countryside and a careful look at can help. A．society B．nature C．pictures D．advertisements 10. （2019·上海中考真题）When you walk along the______, you should be careful with the cars around you. A) street B) bridge C) river D) hill （选自完形填空部分） 11.（2018·上海中考真题）-Could you tell me the _______ of making such a fantastic model car? -Well, I just followed the steps in the video. （选自完形填空部分） A)culture B)influence C)impression D)method 12.（2019·上海中考真题）I couldn't get much of the exhibition of clean-energy products from the website. A. news B. photos C. posters D. advertisements （选自完形填空部分） 13.（2017·上海中考真题）Did the policeman give much _______ on how to protect personal information？ A．note B．tip C．advice D．book 【名校 最新试题】 1．（25-26九年级上·上海静安·期中）I’m preparing for my grandma’s birthday party these days. (ninety) 2．（25-26九年级上·上海静安·期中）Professor Smith achieved a lot in his . (forty) 3．（25-26九年级上·上海静安·期中）She prepared a lot for the competition and won the prize. (two) 4．（25-26九年级上·上海静安·期中）When he arrived in New York 15 years ago, he couldn’t speak any English. (one) 5．（25-26九年级上·上海松江·期中）The students were asked to hand in their test papers at a time. (first) 6．（24-25九年级上·上海·期中）The kids were allowed to go down the stairs at a time for safety reasons.(twice) 7．（25-26九年级上·上海长宁·期中）George started flying in his and quickly became an excellent pilot. (twenty) 8．（25-26九年级上·上海徐汇·期中）She finished in place in the race, which was a great improvement from her previous result. (nine) 9．（25-26九年级上·上海金山·期中）To my surprise, my grandpa learned painting in his . (ninety) 10．（25-26九年级上·上海嘉定·期中）Many people believe that the boy will become a famous doctor in his early . (thirty) 11．（25-26九年级上·上海闵行·月考）Most women would like to retire in their and enjoy life. (fifty) 12．（25-26九年级上·上海徐汇·期中）The after-sales service department is on the floor of the building. (five) 13．（25-26九年级上·上海普陀·期中）The IT department is on the floor of the building. (twenty) 14．（25-26九年级上·上海·期中）This is the (three) time I’ve visited this museum this month. 15．（24-25九年级上·上海·期中）The whole family celebrated the baby’s day with joy and excitement. (hundred) 16．（25-26九年级上·上海浦东新·周测）The man said that he had seen some of the aliens. (write) 17．（25-26九年级上·上海浦东新·周测）Some people don’t realize the of these problems. (important) 18．（25-26九年级上·上海浦东新·周测）Can you tell me the of these words? (mean) 19．（25-26九年级上·上海·期中）It is vital that we act to stop the of the rain forests. (destroy) 20．（25-26九年级上·上海·期中）The daughter’s sudden at the party made the whole family worried. They had to call the police. (appear) 21．（25-26九年级上·上海·期中）The two groups of children have quite different . (characteristic) 22．（25-26九年级上·上海·期中）Before the plane takes off, the air hostesses will make sure every passenger’s seat belt is fastened for their . (secure) 23．（25-26九年级上·上海·期中）How should we respond to from friends? (complain) 24．（25-26九年级上·上海静安·期中）The kilometer is the biggest unit of in the metric system (计量单位). (long) 25．（25-26九年级上·上海静安·期中）Owning a pet dog is a big . (responsible) 26．（25-26九年级上·上海静安·期中）We should admit our mistakes bravely instead of making (excuse). 27．（25-26九年级上·上海静安·期中）It is clear that Sandra is very close to . (dead) 28．（25-26九年级上·上海静安·期中）It is a in America to eat turkey on Thanksgiving Day. (traditional) 29．（25-26九年级上·上海松江·期中）Every team member must share the to finish the task in time. (responsible) 30．（25-26九年级上·上海松江·期中）A good always respects the rules that keep the society in order. (city) 31．（25-26九年级上·上海松江·期中）Both agreed to stop fighting and started peace talks. (army) 32．（25-26九年级上·上海·期中）There are some you must meet before graduation. (require) 33．（25-26九年级上·上海静安·期中）The little boy plays happily in the kindergarten. It’s really a good (begin). 34．（25-26九年级上·上海静安·期中）It is common that light travels faster than sound. (know) 35．（25-26九年级上·上海静安·期中）Everyone in our class knows the of studying English well. (important) 36．（25-26九年级上·上海·期中）The felt so happy after they caught a lot of fish. (fisherman) 37．（25-26九年级上·上海浦东新·期中）I have a lot of about the hotel room you’ve given us. (complain) 38．（25-26九年级上·上海浦东新·期中）To us, the most likely for the disease is that the virus jumped from bats to humans, but no firm conclusions can yet be drawn. (explain) 39．（25-26九年级上·上海浦东新·期中）After realizing his mistake in the debate, he approached his opponent to make heartfelt . (apologize) 40．（25-26九年级上·上海浦东新·期中）Children here can see many animals like sheep, and koalas. (kangaroo) 【创新 拔高题】（适合参考高中名校自招及学霸） 1．We shouldn’t be discouraged after failure. Instead, we should keep trying with (决心). （根据汉语提示单词拼写） 2．The plane crash was so serious that there was only one (幸存者). （根据汉语提示单词拼写） 3．She feels a strong sense of (责任) towards her employees.(根据汉语提示单词拼写) 4．A good (队长) always listens to the opinions of their team members. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 5．The (观众) clapped loudly at the end of the concert. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 6．After a long journey, we finally reached our (目的地). (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 7．Mike later became a sports (编辑) for The Beacon. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 8．Her mother was away for a week, so I thought I would go over and keep her c . (根据首字母单词拼写) 9．This was Jane’s first visit to China, which left a strong i on her (根据首字母单词拼写) 10．You will have the o to acquire great knowledge and enjoy personal growth. (根据首字母单词拼写) 11．How can I achieve my (目标)? (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 12．There is growing c over high house prices. (根据首字母单词拼写) 13．You have made great c (贡献) to our firm. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 14．It will draw you closer together, and the s (优势) of the closeness will greatly benefit you. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 15．Studying abroad provides excellent (机会) for students to broaden their horizons and become more independent. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 16．The firefighters checked their (设备) before entering the burning building. (根据汉语提示拼写) 17．Bill is doing a lot of physical exercise to build up his (力量). (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 18．I still keep in (联系) with my friends from college. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 19．She works as a (志愿者)at the local hospital every weekend. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 20．Out of c (好奇心), she opened the old box and found a letter from her grandmother.(根据中英文提示单词拼写) 21．The e (探索) of the deep ocean has helped scientists discover many new species. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 22．Asked his (国籍), he said American. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 23．After discussing for hours, they finally found a practical (解决方法) to the problem. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 24．What parents do will have a great effect on their kid’s p (性格). (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 25．In case of an (紧急情况), remain calm and leave the classroom in an orderly way. (根据汉语提示拼写) 26．Tom will come on the (第二十) of this month. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 27．The rich man offered more than one m dollars to help the poor people. (根据首字母单词拼写) 28．A little bit of kindness will be rewarded with a huge (数量) of benefits. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 29．In Asia, messaging platforms are growing rapidly, with users in the hundreds of (百万), both at work and play. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 30．The Laba Festival is celebrated on the (八) day of the twelfth lunar month. (根据汉语提示拼写) 21 / 21 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题06 名词、数词 目录 01 考情剖析·命题前瞻 1 02 思维导图·网络构建 3 03 考点通关·靶向突破 4 ★ 考点一 名词 4 ★ 考点二 数词 9 04 优题精选·练能提分 14 考点 课标要求 复习目标 名词（可数 / 不可数） 区分可数名词与不可数名词，掌握不可数名词的量化表达（如 a cup of water） 1. 系统梳理名词、数词的基础规则，强化单复数、基数词 / 序数词的准确运用能力； 2. 熟练掌握名词所有格、数词核心表达（分数 / 倍数等）的构成规则； 3. 厘清易混点（如可数名词复数特殊变化），提升语境适配准确性 名词单复数变化（规则 / 不规则） 掌握可数名词复数的规则变化（加 - s/-es）及不规则变化（如 child→children） 名词所有格（'s/of 结构） 掌握名词所有格的构成（如 Tom's book、the door of the room）及使用场景 数词（基数词 / 序数词） 掌握基数词（表数量）、序数词（表顺序）的构成及转换规则（如 five→fifth） 数词固定表达（分数 / 倍数 / 年龄） 掌握分数（分子基数词 + 分母序数词）、倍数（times）、年龄（in one's + 整十复数）的表达 命题预测 名词 / 数词是中考英语的基础高频考点之一。主要命题角度：名词单复数变化（高频）、名词所有格用法（高频）、序数词构成与运用（高频）、数词固定表达（中频）。主要在单项选择、短文填空中考查。 解题锦囊 锦囊 1：判断名词单复数 —— 看修饰词（some/many + 可数复数；much/a little + 不可数），记清不规则复数特殊形式； 锦囊 2：名词所有格 “就近原则”—— 人 / 动物用's，无生命事物多用 of 结构（如 the window of the house）； 锦囊 3：数词 “顺序用序数词”—— 序数词前常加 the（如 the third day），分数表达 “分子大于 1，分母变复数”（如 two thirds）。 考点一 名词 名词的数 1、规则的可数名词 1）一般加s 2）以 s，sh，ch，x结尾的加 –es 3）辅音字母 + y结尾的变 y为 ies 4）以 o 结尾的词 +es; 以 o 结尾 +s 5）以f，fe 结尾的多数为-ves; 以f，fe 结尾的少数直接 + s 1. teachers, books, 2. classes，dishes, matches, boxes 3. cities，countries，parties，factories 4. (1) heroes，Negroes，tomatoes，potatoes (2) radios，zoos，bamboos，pianos，kilos，photos 5. (1) leaves，lives，wives，knives，halves，wolves (2) roofs proofs, gulfs, beliefs 2、 不规则的可数名词 1）单复数词形相近 2）fish如表示不同种类的鱼时复数是fishes： 3）以man, woman 修饰名词构成合成词时 4）单复数相同 1.man—men, woman—women, tooth—teeth, foot—feet, child—children, mouse—mice 2. There are many kinds of fishes in that lake. 3.man servant—men servants； woman doctor—women doctors. (*boy/girl students) 4. sheep, fish, deer, means, Chinese, Japanese, works 3、复合名词 1. son-in-law---sons-in-law 2. looker-on—lookers-on 4、字母,阿拉伯数字 1. There are two l’s in the word “ all ”. 2. Your 7’s and 9’s look alike. 3. It happened in the 1960’s /1960s. 4. I will not accept your if’s and but’s. 5、定冠词加姓氏的复数 the Turners, the Smiths, the Wangs 6、集体名词 class, family, population, team, crew 1. The class is big.---The class are taking notes in English. 2. The population in China is large. ---- 80% of the population in China are peasants. 7、以s 结尾的学科名词 mathematics , physics, politics, news 8、glasses， trousers类 1. Where are my glasses ？ 2. My new pair of trousers is too long. 3. Here are some new pairs of shoes. 9、不可数名词表示“一个”时 1. a piece of news / information / advice / bread / cake / paper / meat / coal 2. a bottle of ink 10、常考不可数名词 information, weather, news, advice, fun，etc. 名词的所有格 1. 一般加’s (1)复合名词只在最后一个词的后面加 ’s (2)表示共同所有的几个名词，只在最后一个词的后面加’s (3)表示各个所有关系的几个名词，在每个名词后分别加’s (4)名词短语只在最后一个词后加 ’s 1.my sister-in-law’s brother. 2.This is Tom, James and Dick’s room. 3.Jenny’s, Jean’s and Mary’s rooms face （to the） south. 4.a quarter of an hour’s talk 2. 有时加of 1）凡不能用’s的情况可用 of表示所属关系 2)当名词有较长的定语时： 1. the City of New York. 2. a map of China. 3. the name of the girl standing at the gate. 4. Have you read the articles of the students who were with us yesterday？ 3. 双重所有格 当of前面的名词有不定冠词、指示代词、疑问代词、不定代词或数词如 a, an, this, that, these, those, two, three, four, any, some, several, no, few ,another等修饰时 1. a poem of Lu Xun’s 2. a friend of his/hers 3. Which novel of Dicken’s are you reading ? 4. some friends of my brothers’ 4．几种特殊情况 1. the key to the door 2. answers to the question 3. the entrance to the station / cinema 4. tickets for the film / movie 【易错提醒】 (1)有些抽象名词是可数名词.如: success成功 success成功的人或事 beauty美丽 beauty美人或美丽的事物 (2)要表示不可数名词的数量,必须在它的前面加表示数量的短语.如: a bottle of ink一瓶墨水 a cup of tea一杯茶 three bags of rice 三袋米 two pieces of paper 两张纸 一、单词拼写 1．（2025·上海杨浦·三模）The snow fell several overnight, covering everything in a thick blanket. (inch) 【答案】inches 【详解】句意：一夜之间下了几英寸的雪，把所有东西都盖上了厚毯子。inch“英寸”，可数名词，several修饰名词复数。故填inches。 2．（2025·上海虹口·三模）The two groups finally reached an after long discussions. (agree) 【答案】agreement 【详解】句意：经过长时间讨论后，这两个小组最终达成了一致。空格前是不定冠词，后跟可数名词单数；agree的名词形式是agreement，表示“意见一致，同意”；reach an agreement表示“达成一致”，为固定搭配。故填agreement。 3．（2025·上海虹口·三模）The in the library need to be cleaned before the new books arrive. (shelf) 【答案】shelves 【详解】句意：在新书来之前，图书馆的书架需要打扫一下。根据“in the library”及备选词可知，图书馆不止一个书架，因此这里需要填名词复数形式，shelf表示“书架”，复数形式为shelves。故填shelves。 4．（2025·上海·模拟预测）All the (win) will attend the award presentation. 【答案】winners 【详解】 句意：所有的获胜者都将参加颁奖典礼。根据“All the...”可知，此处需填名词复数形式作主语；括号内单词“win”为动词，其名词形式“winner”表示“获胜者”，复数形式为“winners”。故填winners。 5．（2025·上海金山·三模）There is going to be a football between Class One and Class Two. (compete) 【答案】competition 【详解】句意：一班和二班之间将有一场足球比赛。compete是动词，意为“竞争；比赛”；空格处需填名词作football的修饰对象，compete的名词形式是competition，意为“比赛；竞赛”，a football competition“一场足球比赛”。 故填competition。 6．（2025·上海金山·三模）Everyone in our class is looking forward to the of the new math teacher. (arrive) 【答案】arrival 【详解】句意：我们班上的每个人都期待着新数学老师的到来。根据“the ... of”可知，空处应填名词形式arrival“到来”。故填arrival。 7．（2025·上海金山·三模）The book written by Leo is so popular that it has sold millions of . (copy) 【答案】copies 【详解】句意：Leo写的这本书太受欢迎了，以至于已经卖出了几百万本了。该空位于millions of之后，根据提示词copy可确定，空格处应填其复数形式copies。故填copies。 8．（2025·上海杨浦·三模）They celebrated the of the new year with fireworks and music. (arrive) 【答案】arrival 【详解】句意：他们用烟火和音乐庆祝新年的到来。根据“the…of the new year”可知，此处需要名词，表示“到来；到达”，arrive是动词，其名词形式是arrival。故填arrival。 9．（2025·上海·模拟预测）The old man made a about the waiter’s bad attitude towards customers. (complain) 【答案】complaint 【详解】句意：这个老人对服务员对待顾客的恶劣态度提出了抱怨。complain是动词，a后跟单数名词，complaint符合语境。故填complaint。 10．（2025·上海·模拟预测）The director’s first movie has received lots of good . (review) 【答案】reviews 【详解】句意：这位导演的第一部电影获得了很多好评。review“评论”，为可数名词，lots of修饰名词复数形式。故填reviews。 11．（2025·上海奉贤·二模）Educational , like building blocks, help kids develop problem-solving skills. (toy) 【答案】toys 【详解】句意：教育类玩具，比如积木，能帮助孩子培养解决问题的能力。toy“玩具”，可数名词；根据“help”可知，此处应用复数名词toys。故填toys。 12．（2025·上海奉贤·二模）Winning the science fair was a great for the young student. Hard work finally paid off. (achieve) 【答案】achievement 【详解】句意：赢得科学展对这个年轻的学生来说是一项伟大的成就，努力学习终于有了回报。a后加单数名词，achieve的名词形式是achievement “成就”，故填achievement。 13．（2025·上海嘉定·二模）I will decide whether to accept his after I check my schedule. (invite) 【答案】invitation 【详解】句意：在查看我的日程表后，我会决定是否接受他的邀请。his后应用名词，invite的名词形式是invitation“邀请”。故填invitation。 14．（2025·上海松江·二模）The president answered every question that the raised. (report) 【答案】reporters 【详解】句意：总统回答了记者们提出的每一个问题。根据“every question that the…raised”并结合提示词可知，此处应是人提出问题，指记者，reporter“记者”，此处用复数形式，表示泛指。故填reporters。 15．（2025·上海虹口·二模）I have looked up the word “stick” in the dictionary. It has many . (meaning) 【答案】meanings 【详解】句意：我已经在字典里查过 “stick” 这个单词了。它有许多意思。meaning“意思，意义”。many修饰可数名词复数，所以此处用meaning的复数形式meanings。故填meanings。 16．（2025·上海松江·二模）Do you still remember the of the story? (begin) 【答案】beginning 【详解】句意：你还记得这个故事的开头吗？根据句子中的“the”可知，空处需要填入名词，表示“开头”。动词“begin”的名词形式为“beginning”，表示“开始，开头”。故填beginning。 17．（2025·上海虹口·二模）Philip kept the windows closed all day because there was too much outside. (noisy) 【答案】noise 【详解】句意：菲利普整天都关着窗户，因为外面太吵了。根据“because there was too much”可知，空处填不可数名词。noisy的名词是noise“噪音”，故填noise。 18．（2025·上海徐汇·二模）Jane has had a strong in exploring ancient cultures since childhood. (interesting) 【答案】interest 【详解】句意：简从小就对探索古代文化有浓厚的兴趣。strong后面需要接名词，而interesting是形容词，意为“有趣的”，其名词形式是interest，have an interest in是固定短语，意思是“对……有兴趣”。故填interest。 19．（2025·上海徐汇·二模）The fish in the pond opened their wide for food when we went closer. (mouth) 【答案】mouths 【详解】句意：当我们走近时，池塘里的鱼张大了嘴准备吃食。mouth“嘴巴”，可数名词；根据“their”可知，此处使用复数形式。故填mouths。 20．（2025·上海嘉定·二模）It’s a chance to raise and talk about the mental health of children. (aware) 【答案】awareness 【详解】句意：这是一个提高意识并讨论儿童心理健康的机会。括号内提示词为形容词"aware"（意识到的），根据句子结构，动词“raise”（提高）后需接名词作宾语，表示“提高某种意识”。因此需将形容词“aware”转换为名词形式“awareness”。故填awareness。 21．（2025·上海崇明·二模）During the Lantern Festival, people usually write their on lanterns.(wish) 【答案】wishes 【详解】句意：在元宵节期间，人们通常在灯笼上写下他们的愿望。根据“people usually write their...on lanterns.”可知，此处应填入名词，wish“愿望”，可数名词，根据“their”可知，此处应使用名词复数形式wishes。故填wishes。 22．（2025·上海崇明·二模）The doctor gave the students a good to deal with stress before taking exams.(suggest) 【答案】suggestion 【详解】句意：医生给了学生们一个很好的建议来应对考试前的压力。空格在不定冠词后，接单数可数名词suggestion“建议”。故填suggestion。 23．（2025·上海浦东新·二模）All year round, the riverside garden has a rich of green plants and flowers. (collect) 【答案】collection 【详解】句意：一年四季，滨江花园都有丰富的绿色植物和鲜花。句子中空格前有形容词“rich”和冠词“a”，因此需要填入名词形式。动词“collect”的名词形式是“collection”，a后跟单数名词。故填collection。 24．（2025·上海浦东新·二模）Using is a helpful way for us to improve our self-study skills. (dictionary) 【答案】a dictionary 【详解】句意：使用字典是一个改善我们自学能力有用的方法。dictionary可数名词，此处指一本字典，dictionary以辅音音素开头，用a修饰。故填a dictionary。 25．（2025·上海青浦·二模）When you meet someone for the first time, make a good by smiling. (impress) 【答案】impression 【详解】句意：当你第一次见到某人时，通过微笑给对方留下一个好印象。“impress”是动词，意为“给……留下深刻印象”。根据“make a good...”可知，此处需要一个名词，“impress”的名词形式是“impression”，故填impression。 26．（2025·上海闵行·二模）We should listen to the teacher’s instructions during a fire drill.（safe） 【答案】safety 【详解】句意：在消防演习中，我们应该听从老师的安全指令。根据“We should listen to the teacher’s...”可知，名词所有格后跟名词，safety instructions“安全指令”，名词短语。故填safety。 27．（2025·上海青浦·二模）The detective worked hard to uncover the behind the mystery.(true) 【答案】truth 【详解】句意：侦探努力工作以揭开谜团背后的真相。“true”是形容词，意为“真实的”。根据“uncover the...”可知，此处需要一个名词作宾语，“true”的名词形式是“truth”，意为“真相；事实”，故填truth。 28．（2025·上海青浦·二模）The artist used different-sized to create the detailed artwork. (brush) 【答案】brushes 【详解】句意：这位艺术家使用了不同大小的画笔来创作这幅细节丰富的艺术作品。“brush”是可数名词，意为“画笔”。根据“different-sized”可知，此处表示不止一支画笔，应用其复数形式“brushes”。故填brushes。 29．（2025·上海闵行·二模）The fairy told the old couple that she could realize three for them. (wish) 【答案】wishes 【详解】句意：仙女告诉老夫妇她能为他们实现三个愿望。根据“three...for them.”可知，此处应用名词复数形式，wishes“愿望”，wish的复数形式。故填wishes。 30．（2025·上海宝山·二模）Teachers always tell students that they should show to classmates. (kind). 【答案】kindness 【详解】句意：老师总是告诉学生，他们应该对同学友好。根据分析句子“Teachers always tell students that they should show…to classmates.”，结合所给词可知，此处考查：show sth to sb，意为“展示某物给某人”符合语境，kind“善良的”，形容词，此处应该填入其名词形式kindness，作直接宾语，意为“善良，友好”符合语境。故填kindness。 31．（2025·上海长宁·二模）Many in China choose to spend the Spring Festival at home. (family) 【答案】families 【详解】句意：中国许多家庭选择在家过春节。many后接可数名词的复数形式，应填families。故填families。 32．（2025·上海静安·二模）Ne Zha 2 can encourage people to show in themselves. (confident) 【答案】confidence 【详解】句意：《哪吒2》可以鼓励人们展示自信。根据“show...in themselves”可知，此处使用名词confidence作宾语，不可数名词，故填confidence。 33．（2025·上海宝山·二模）The supermarket is offering discounts on those fresh . (strawberry) 【答案】strawberries 【详解】句意：这家超市正在对那些新鲜的草莓进行打折促销。根据“those”可知，后面接可数名词复数形式。“strawberry”是可数名词，意为“草莓”，其复数形式是“strawberries”。故填strawberries。 34．（2025·上海静安·二模）My little sister has got two now, so she can eat noodles. (tooth) 【答案】teeth 【详解】句意：我的小妹妹现在有两颗牙了，因此她能吃面条了。tooth牙齿，根据“two”可知，此处用复数，tooth的复数形式是teeth。故填teeth。 35．（2025·上海金山·二模）We should face all kinds of we come across in our life bravely. (difficulty) 【答案】difficulties 【详解】句意：我们应该勇敢地面对生活中遇到的各种困难。difficulty“困难”，被all kinds of修饰，应用复数形式。故填difficulties。 36．（2025·上海徐汇·二模）If you get into legal trouble, it’s wise to ask for advice from a as soon as possible. (law) 【答案】lawyer 【详解】句意：如果你陷入法律纠纷，尽快向律师寻求建议是明智的。分析题干和提示词可知，此处表示“向律师寻求建议”，名词lawyer意为“律师”，a后接可数名词的单数形式。故填lawyer。 37．（2025·上海金山·二模）The new has received excellent reviews from the customers since it came out. (produce) 【答案】product 【详解】句意：这款新产品自问世以来就受到了顾客的高度评价。new是形容词，后面需要接名词，produce是动词，其名词形式是“product”，意为“产品”，has是第三人称单数，所以此处用product的单数形式。故填product。 38．（2025·上海普陀·二模）Mrs. Tang was really angry to see her son’s all over the floor. (toy) 【答案】toys 【详解】句意：唐夫人看到她儿子的玩具满地都是，非常生气。“toy”是可数名词，意为“玩具”。根据“all over the floor”可知，这里的玩具不止一个，应用其复数形式“toys”，故填toys。 39．（2025·上海普陀·二模）A real helps people see the world in a different way. (art) 【答案】artist 【详解】句意：一个真正的艺术家能帮助人们用不同的眼光看世界。根据“A real…helps people see the world in a different way.”可知此处是指艺术家，artist“艺术家”，其前有冠词a，此处应用名词单数。故填artist。 40．（2025·上海黄浦·二模）Emma’s dream is to become a famous when she grows up. (design) 【答案】designer 【详解】句意：Emma的梦想是长大后成为一名著名的设计师。动词design意为“设计”，根据句意可知需要名词形式designer表示“设计师”，且前面有不定冠词a修饰，故填designer。 41．（2025·上海黄浦·二模）The of the campfire creates a perfect atmosphere for storytelling. (warm) 【答案】warmth 【详解】句意：营火的温暖营造出了一个非常适合讲故事的完美氛围。根据“The…of the campfire”可知，此处表示“萤火的温暖”，这里需要一个名词，warm意为“温暖的”，形容词，其名词形式是warmth，符合语境，故填warmth。 42．（2025·上海黄浦·二模）A few talented have won awards for their outstanding performances. (actress) 【答案】actresses 【详解】句意：一些有才华的女演员因出色的表演而获奖。actress“女演员”，根据“A few”以及“have won”可知，此处填名词复数，故填actresses。 43．（2025·上海杨浦·二模）The first I had of the city was how clean and organized it was. (impress) 【答案】impression 【详解】句意：我对这个城市的第一个印象是它非常干净和井然有序。first impression“第一印象”，名词作主语。故填impression。 44．（2025·上海闵行·三模）Statistically, the number of about the delivery service is increasing. (complain) 【答案】complaints 【详解】句意：据统计，关于送货服务的投诉数量正在增加。“the number of”的含义是“……数量”，后需接可数名词复数形式，complaints“投诉”符合。故填complaints。 45．（2025·上海·模拟预测）A witness told the police that two stole a valuable vase from the museum. (thief) 【答案】thieves 【详解】句意：一位见证者告诉警察，两名小偷从博物馆偷了一个贵重的花瓶。theif“小偷”，two后接可数名词的复数形式。故填thieves。 考点二 数词 【考点诠释】 1. 序数词的拼写 序数词 缩写 序数词 缩写 first second third fourth fifth sixth seventh eighth ninth tenth eleventh twelfth 1st 2nd 3rd 4th 5th 6th 7th 8th 9th 10th 11th 12th twentieth twenty-first thirtieth thirty-fifth fortieth fiftieth sixtieth seventieth eightieth ninetieth hundredth 20th 21st 30th 35th 40th 50th 60th 70th 80th 90th 100th 2. 表示计量： 即事物的长度、宽度、深度和高度，应采用基数词。 It is 50 metres / kilometers/miles long (wide, deep, high). 它有50米/千米/英里长（宽、深、高）。 3. 表示编号： 编号的数字如果过小，可用序数词或基数词表示；如果数字较大，通常用基数词表示。 1. The tenth lesson=Lesson Ten    第10课 2. Room 405                   第405号房           3. Page 215                    第215页 4. No.14 Middle School          第14中学 5. Telephone NO.5855806         电话： 5855806 4. 表示不确切的数字： 基数词后面直接加上复数名词表示精确的数字，而基数词复数形式加上“of” 表示不确切的数字。 1. five hundred students           500名学生 2. two thousand people            2000人 3. five dozen pencils              5打铅笔 4. hundreds of students            几百名学生 5. millions of workers             成千上万的工人 6. scores of chairs                几十张椅子 5. 表示年龄和岁数 1. He is a boy of 10 yeas old.             = He is 10 yeas old.                          = He is 10 (years of age).                       = He is a ten-year-old boy.                      2. At the age of ten, he began to learn English.  3. My father is in his fifties.        我爸爸50多岁。 6. 表示年代： 表示什么世纪，什么年代时，通常在数词后加s或’s，并在年代前加定冠词the , 1. 1980’s/ 1980s（20世纪80年代）， 读作：nineteen eighties. 2.  His grandfather died in the 1970’s/1970s。           7. 表示分数： 分子用基数词，分母用序数词。分子是one时，分母不必加s; 分子大于one时，分母要加s. 1. a(=one) third    三分之一         one fifth     五分之一 2. two thirds       三分之二       three fourths     四分之三 3. Two thirds of the trees were cut down ten years ago. 8. 表示百分数： 百分数的表达方式是：基数词+ percent（单数形式）+of+名词。 1. Thirty percent of the students in my class are from cities.    2. About 61 percent of the surface is covered by water.    【易错提醒】 1. 基数词 vs 序数词：易混淆“twelve”与“twelfth”，注意序数词后加-th，部分需变形（如five→fifth）。 2. hundred/thousand/million 前有数字绝不可加 s 300 = three hundred（✔），three hundreds（✘）。 3. “几百上千”泛指数时才加 s 并带 of hundreds of people（✔），three hundreds of people（✘）。 1．（2025·上海·模拟预测）There are ________ people in my family. We live on the ________ floor in a tall building. A．fifth; five B．five; fifth C．five; five D．fifth; fifth 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我家有五口人。我们住在一栋高楼的五楼。 考查基数词和序数词的用法。five是基数词，意为“五”，用于表示数量；fifth是序数词，意为“第五”，用于表示顺序。根据“people”可知，空一表示人数，应用基数词five；根据“floor”可知，空二表示楼层顺序，应用序数词fifth。故选B。 2．（2025·上海闵行·三模）Over ________ people attended the business meeting the day before yesterday. A．hundred of B．hundreds of C．two hundred D．two hundreds 【答案】C 【详解】句意：前天，有二百多人参加了这个商务会议。 考查大数的表达。hundred百，表示具体数字时，不用复数，也不与of连用；表达概数时，需用复数，且与of连用。根据“Over”可知，空处需用具体数字，C选项“两百”符合。故选C。 3．（2025·上海·模拟预测）The teaching building in our university is about ________high. A．fifty-five metre B．fifty-five metres C．fifty-five-metre D．fifty five metres 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我们大学的教学楼大约有55米高。 考查基数词和复数名词。metre“米”，长度单位，fifty-five“55”，修饰名词复数，排除A；D选项格式错误，排除；英语中，表示“55米高”，用fifty-five metres high或55 metres high。故选B。 4．（2025·上海奉贤·二模）Only ________ of students passed the advanced math test, making it the toughest exam this year. A．one-fifth B．two-fifth C．one-five D．first-five 【答案】A 【详解】句意：只有五分之一的学生通过了高等数学测试，这使得它成为今年最难的考试。 考查分数的表达。one-fifth五分之一；two-fifth错误表达；one-five错误表达；first-five错误表达。分数是由基数词和序数词一起来表示的。基数词作分子，序数词作分母，除了分子是“1”以外，其他情况下序数词都要用复数形式。故选A。 5．（2025·上海徐汇·模拟预测）Our school library houses over ________ books, covering a wide range of subjects from ancient history to modern science. A．two thousands B．two thousand C．thousands of D．two thousand of 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我们学校的图书馆藏书两千多册，涵盖从古代史到现代科学的各种学科。 考查数词。基数词前有具体数字时，不需要用复数形式；无具体数字时，thousands of 表示 “上千的”，是概数。根据“over”可知，此处指 “超过2千”，故选B。 6．（2025·上海静安·一模）Five ________ students in our school took part in the opening ceremony of the Tourism Festival. A．hundred B．hundreds C．hundredth D．hundreds of 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我们学校有五百名学生参加了旅游节的开幕式。 考查hundred的用法。“hundred”表示“百”，当其前面有具体数字修饰时，不用复数，也不与of连用；当表示概数时，要用其复数形式，且与of连用，即“hundreds of”表示“成百上千”。根据空前“Five”可知，此处表示具体几百，应用hundred。故选A。 7．（2024·上海奉贤·二模）Even though my grandpa is ________, he still takes an active part in voluntary work. A．at his seventies B．in his seventies C．at his seventy D．in his seventy 【答案】B 【详解】句意：虽然我的爷爷已经七十多岁了，但是他仍然积极参加志愿者工作。 考查年龄表达。短语in one’s+基数词复数，表示“在某人多少岁”，“in one’s seventies”在某人七十多岁。故选B。 8．（2023·上海浦东新·三模）“One million four hundred and sixteen” can also be written as “_________”. A．1,004,016 B．100,416 C．1,000,416 D．1,000,460 【答案】C 【详解】句意：“一百万零四百一十六”可以写成“1,000,416”。 考查大数字的表达。由“four hundred and sixteen”可知，“四百一十六”用阿拉伯数字表述是416，排除AD选项；再根据“一百万”是个八位数可知，B选项不符合。故选C。 9．（2022·上海徐汇·二模）The topic “Food Safety” receives ________ Internet hits (点击) from customers every day. A．thousands B．thousand C．thousand of D．thousands of 【答案】D 【详解】句意：“食品安全”这个话题每天都会从顾客那里收到成千上万的互联网点击。 考查数词。thousand“千”，表示约数时，与of连用，后面加s，如thousands of“成千上万的，好几千”；表示具体数时，与数词连用，不加s，如two thousand“两千”，故选D。 10．（2023·上海虹口·一模）Jenny has drawn _________ comic strips and she is going to have them published next year. A．hundreds B．hundred C．hundred of D．hundreds of 【答案】D 【详解】句意：珍妮已经画了数百幅连环画，她打算明年出版它们。 考查hundred的用法。hundred前有具体数字时，不加s，不加of；hundred前无具体数字时，用结构hundreds of。句中空格前无具体数字，此处使用hundreds of“数百”。故选D。 【真题链接】 1.（2022·上海中考真题）Lily is reading the _________ story in the book about Chinese history. （six） 【答案】sixth 【详解】句意：莉莉正在读关于中国历史的书中的第六个故事。six是基数词，结合“the...story”可知此处应用序数词表示顺序，故填sixth。 2．（2021·上海·中考真题）Lily and Mary have known each other for ________ years. (seventh) 【答案】seven 【详解】句意：莉莉和玛丽互相认识七年了。seventh第七，是序数词，修饰复数名词years，用基数词，故填seven。 3．（2020·上海·中考真题）Uncle Andy tried_____different jobs，and finally chose to be a lawyer．（tenth） 【答案】ten 【详解】句意：安迪叔叔尝试了十种不同的工作，最后选择了当律师。 tenth第十，序数词。这里表示"十种不同的工作"，用基数词ten。故答案为ten。 【点睛】英语中的基数词是用于描述事物数量的多少，根据提示，结合语境，正确写出答案。 4．（2019·上海·中考真题）On the______page of the book，there is an encouraging story.（eight） 【答案】．eighth  【解析】句意：在这本书的第八页，有一个令人鼓舞的故事。 这里表示第几页用序数词，eight的序数词是eighth。根据题意，故填eighth。 5. （2018·上海·中考真题）Look! The_______lady from the left in the photo is my favourite teacher. (six) 【答案】sixth 【解析】句意：看照片中左边的_______女士是我最喜欢的老师。这里表示第六个，填序数词。故填sixth。 6．（2017·上海·中考真题）My school is going to have an open day on the ________ of next month.（ten） 【答案】tenth   【解析】考查序数词。根据句意和句中的定冠词the，空白处要填ten的序数词形式，故填tenth。 7．（2016·上海·中考真题）Could you pass me the ________ dictionary from the right on the shelf ? 【答案】seventh 【详解】句意：你能把架子上从右边数第七本字典递给我吗？根据题意，表达顺序，the+序数词，表示第7本书，用序数词， seventh是序数词，第七；在句中作定语修饰dictionary， 故填seventh。 8．（2014·上海·中考真题）The medicine should be taken_______a day after meals, George. (two) 【答案】twice 【解析】句意：这种药应该饭后一天吃两次。结合语境可知填副词twice，两次。 9．（2015·上海·中考真题）Rose received a letter full of love from her parents on her ______ birthday. A．sixteen B．sixteen’s C．sixteenth D．sixteenths 【答案】C 【详解】句意：罗斯在她的十六岁生日的时候，从他的父母那里收到了一封充满爱的信。one’s +序数词+birthday ，某人多少岁生日。在分数的表达中，只有在分数中分子大于1时，做分母的序数词才变成复数。结合句意，可知该题表示第十六个生日，故选C。 10．（2012·上海·中考真题）Last year, I visited a chemical factory in Baise, there are about ________ workers in it. A．six thousands B．six thousand C．six thousands of D．six thousand of 【答案】B 【详解】句意：去年，我参观了百色的一家化工厂，那里大约有6000名工人。 考查数词。hundred的用法是：表示确切数字时，一般用“数词+ hundred  +可数名词的复数”结构。表示大概数字时，一般用“hundreds of +可数名词的复数”，意为“成百上千的”。四个选项带有数词six，故应用“six thousand”形式。故选B。 1.（2022·上海中考真题）Wu Mengchao, a great and ordinary, _____ saved lots of patients with his magic hands. A)doctor B)engineer C)writer D)scientist 【答案】A 【详解】句意：吴梦超，一个伟大而平凡的______, 用他的魔法手拯救了很多病人。 doctor医生；engineer 工程师；writer 作家； scientist科学家。根据文章最后“saved lots of patients with his magic hands.”可知，吴是一位医生。故选A。 2.（2022·上海中考真题）She believed in facts and observation. In order to explain those “strange” events, she did some ______. （选自完形填空部分） A. exercises B. drawings C. reviews D. experiments 【答案】D 【详解】句意：为了解释那些“奇怪”的事件，她做了一些实验。 exercises练习；drawings图纸；reviews评论；experiments实验。根据下文“she used a round table as the Earth, a lamp as the Sun and a mirror as the Moon”可知，把一张圆桌作为地球，一盏灯作为太阳，一面镜子作为月亮，这是王贞仪为解释自然现象所做的实验。故选D。 3. （2021·上海中考真题）Last week, my friend and I watched an exciting 4 D film in the ___ and it made us feel so real. A) family B)tree C)cinema D)dream （选自完形填空部分） 【答案】C 【解析】考查名词词义辨析．句意：上周，我和我的朋友在_____看了一部令人兴奋的4D电影，这让我们感觉很真实。A. 家族； B. 树； C. 电影院； D. 梦想。根据文章最后“ I watched an exciting 4 D film in the .......”可知，是在电影院看电影。故选C。 4.（2017·上海中考真题）I don't think there is ever a good reason to lie to our children．Children learn honesty from the 　 　 they see．（选自完形填空部分） A．Films B．Details C．Examples D．teachers 【答案】C 【解析】考查名词．A表示电影；B表示细节；C表示例子；D表示老师．由I don't think there is ever a good reason to lie to our children可知此处表示孩子们在他们看见的实例中来学会诚实，选C 5.（2018·上海中考真题）As you know,teachers always put the _____ of students above anything else. A)actions B)needs C)records D)attitudes （选自完形填空部分） 【答案】B 【解析】通过前后文学生想学更多知识但不一定都会买报纸推断老师常以学生需求为先。 6.（2019·上海中考真题）These weren’t stopped by their age or size or lack of resources ，they saw a______ in the world around them and to step hep where they could. （选自完形填空部分） A. sign B. need C. reason D. change 【答案】. B 【解析】句意：他们没有因为年龄、规模或缺乏资源而停止，他们看到了周围世界的需求。 A. sign标志；B. need需要；C. reason原因；D. change改变。根据上文These weren’t stopped by their age or size or lack of resources可知下文是说需求。根据题意，故选B。 7.（2020·上海中考真题）The book shows them，through other kids' stories，how they can make a ___，too. A. plan B. mistake C. decision D. difference 【答案】.D 【解析】 .句意：这本书通过其他孩子们的故事向他们展示了他们如何才能做出改变。 A. plan计划；B. mistake犯错误；C. decision决定；D. difference不同。根据上文The book explains some of the world's big problems-hunger， health and animals in danger-in a way that young children can understand.The book shows them，through other kids' stories可知，下文是展示他们如何改变，做出不同。短语make a difference，表示有影响，发挥作用。根据题意，故选D。 8.（2020·上海中考真题）Find the right so that your efforts will work well. A．time B．place C．habit D．skill 【答案】A 【解析】句意：找到合适的时间，使你的工作顺利进行。 time时间；place地点；habit习惯；skill技巧。根据“Some students focus better in the morning；others at night”可知不同的学生需要的时间不一样，此处是指找到合适的时间，故选A。 9.（2021·上海中考真题）A walk in the countryside and a careful look at can help. A．society B．nature C．pictures D．advertisements 【答案】B 【详解】句意：如果你还没有，在乡间散步和仔细观察大自然会有所帮助。 society社会；nature自然；pictures图片；advertisements广告；根据“The Swiss scientist, George de Mestral, had the idea for Velcro (粘扣) when he found his clothes covered in sticky seed pods after a walk in the countryside.”可知，此处指的是“观察大自然”，故选B。 10. （2019·上海中考真题）When you walk along the______, you should be careful with the cars around you. A) street B) bridge C) river D) hill （选自完形填空部分） 【答案】A 【解析】考查名词词义辨析．句意：当你沿着______走着时，你应该小心对待你周围的汽车。A) 街B) 桥 C) 河 D) 山。根据文章最后“ 你应该小心对待你周围的汽车。”可知，是在大街上行走。故选A。 11.（2018·上海中考真题）-Could you tell me the _______ of making such a fantastic model car? -Well, I just followed the steps in the video. （选自完形填空部分） A)culture B)influence C)impression D)method 【答案】D 【解析】考查名词词义辨析．句意：你能告诉我制造这么棒的模型汽车的_______吗？ -嗯，我只是按照视频中的步骤去做了。根据文章最后“ Well, I just followed the steps in the video.”可知，是告诉我制造汽车的方法。故选D。 12.（2019·上海中考真题）I couldn't get much of the exhibition of clean-energy products from the website. A. news B. photos C. posters D. advertisements （选自完形填空部分） 【答案】A 【解析】考查名词．句意：我从网站上看不到关于清洁能源产品展览会的很多新闻。 A. news新闻；B. photos照片；C. posters海报；D. advertisements广告。根据文中of the exhibition of clean-energy products from the website.可知这里是许多新闻。根据题意，故选A。 13.（2017·上海中考真题）Did the policeman give much _______ on how to protect personal information？ A．note B．tip C．advice D．book 【答案】C 【解析】考查名词．句意"那个警察对如何保护个人信息给出了很多建议吗？"note笔记．tip小费．advice建议．book书．根据题干Did the policeman give much _______ on how to protect personal information？可知句意应为那个警察对如何保护个人信息给出了很多建议吗？much应修饰不可数名词advice．其他选项都是可数名词，意思也不相符．故选C． 【名校 最新试题】 1．（25-26九年级上·上海静安·期中）I’m preparing for my grandma’s birthday party these days. (ninety) 【答案】ninetieth 【详解】句意：这些天我正在为奶奶的九十岁生日派对做准备。空格处表示顺序，应用序数词，ninety“九十”，基数词，其序数词是ninetieth“第九十”，故填ninetieth。 2．（25-26九年级上·上海静安·期中）Professor Smith achieved a lot in his . (forty) 【答案】forties 【详解】句意：史密斯教授在他四十多岁时取得了许多成就。“in one’s+整十数的复数形式”表示“在某人几十多岁时”，是固定用法，forty的复数形式是forties。故填forties。 3．（25-26九年级上·上海静安·期中）She prepared a lot for the competition and won the prize. (two) 【答案】second 【详解】句意：她为比赛做了充分准备，赢得了二等奖。空格前有定冠词the，后接名词prize，需填入序数词表示“第几名”。two是基数词，其序数词为second，表示“第二”，符合the+序数词+名词”的结构。故填second。 4．（25-26九年级上·上海静安·期中）When he arrived in New York 15 years ago, he couldn’t speak any English. (one) 【答案】first 【详解】句意：15年前，当他第一次来到纽约时，他不会说英语。根据“When he…arrived in New York 15 years ago, he couldn’t speak any English. (one)”可知，此处是指第一次到纽约，应用one的序数词first表示“第一”。故填first。 5．（25-26九年级上·上海松江·期中）The students were asked to hand in their test papers at a time. (first) 【答案】one 【详解】句意：学生们被要求一次交一份试卷。根据“hand in their test papers…at a time”以及提示词可知，此处指“一次交一份试卷”，one at a time“一次一个”，固定搭配。故填one。 6．（24-25九年级上·上海·期中）The kids were allowed to go down the stairs at a time for safety reasons.(twice) 【答案】two 【详解】句意：为了安全起见，孩子们被允许每次两人一起下楼梯。“twice”表示“两次”，指明了动作发生的频次或分组数量。“at a time” 是一个固定短语，意为“每次”，它前面需要一个具体的基数词来表示“每次多少（个/次）”。此语境中提示了“两”这个数量概念，因此，需要将表示频次的副词“twice”转化为表示具体数量的基数词“two”，构成“two at a time”表示“每次两人”的合理表达。故填two。 7．（25-26九年级上·上海长宁·期中）George started flying in his and quickly became an excellent pilot. (twenty) 【答案】twenties 【详解】句意：乔治在二十多岁时开始飞行，很快就成为了一名优秀的飞行员。“in one’s+整十数的复数形式”表示“在某人几十多岁时”；twenty“二十”是基数词，其复数形式为twenties，“in his twenties”即 “在他二十多岁时”，符合语境。故填twenties。 8．（25-26九年级上·上海徐汇·期中）She finished in place in the race, which was a great improvement from her previous result. (nine) 【答案】ninth 【详解】句意：她在比赛中获得第九名，这比她之前的成绩有了很大的提升。“in+序数词+place”表示“获得第……名”，此处需用“nine”的序数词形式“ninth”作定语修饰“place”。故填ninth。 9．（25-26九年级上·上海金山·期中）To my surprise, my grandpa learned painting in his . (ninety) 【答案】nineties 【详解】句意：令我惊讶的是，我的祖父在九十多岁时学习了绘画。固定短语“in one’s +基数词复数”意为“在某人几十多岁时”，故应用基数词ninety“九十”的复数形式nineties。故填nineties。 10．（25-26九年级上·上海嘉定·期中）Many people believe that the boy will become a famous doctor in his early . (thirty) 【答案】thirties 【详解】句意：很多人相信这个男孩在他三十岁出头时会成为一名著名的医生。thirty三十，基数词；“in one’s+整十数的复数形式”是固定搭配，意为“在某人几十岁时”；“thirty”的复数形式是“thirties”，“in his early thirties”意为“在他三十岁出头时”，符合语义。故填thirties。 11．（25-26九年级上·上海闵行·月考）Most women would like to retire in their and enjoy life. (fifty) 【答案】fifties 【详解】句意：大多数女性都希望在五十多岁时退休，享受生活。fifty“五十”，in one’s+复数基数词，表示年龄段，用fifty的复数形式fifties。故填fifties。 12．（25-26九年级上·上海徐汇·期中）The after-sales service department is on the floor of the building. (five) 【答案】fifth 【详解】句意：售后服务部在大楼的五楼。根据“the...floor”以及所给单词可知，应填five的序数词形式fifth“第五”，作定语，修饰后面的名词floor，表示第五层楼。故填fifth。 13．（25-26九年级上·上海普陀·期中）The IT department is on the floor of the building. (twenty) 【答案】twentieth 【详解】句意：IT部门在这栋楼的第20层。表示“第几”要用序数词，twenty的序数词是twentieth。故填twentieth。 14．（25-26九年级上·上海·期中）This is the (three) time I’ve visited this museum this month. 【答案】third 【详解】句意：这是我这个月第三次参观这个博物馆了。three“三”，基数词，根据“This is the...time I’ve visited this museum this month.”可知，此处表示次数，应用序数词，three的序数词为third。故填third。 15．（24-25九年级上·上海·期中）The whole family celebrated the baby’s day with joy and excitement. (hundred) 【答案】hundredth 【详解】句意：全家人怀着喜悦和兴奋的心情庆祝宝宝的百天。根据“the baby’s... day”可知，此处表示“第一百天”，用序数词形式，即“hundredth day”。故填hundredth。 16．（25-26九年级上·上海浦东新·周测）The man said that he had seen some of the aliens. (write) 【答案】writings 【详解】句意：这个男人说他看到了外星人的一些文字。write“写”，动词；根据“some…of the aliens”可知，此处填入名词；write的名词形式为writing，表示“文字记录、作品”时常用复数形式writings。故填writings。 17．（25-26九年级上·上海浦东新·周测）Some people don’t realize the of these problems. (important) 【答案】importance 【详解】句意：有些人没有意识到这些问题的重要性。根据“realize the...of”可知空格处需填入名词，构成短语“the+名词+of”，括号中给出形容词important“重要的”，需转换为名词形式importance“重要”。故填importance。 18．（25-26九年级上·上海浦东新·周测）Can you tell me the of these words? (mean) 【答案】meanings 【详解】句意：你能告诉我这些单词的意思吗？根据“the ... of”可知，空处用名词形式，mean的名词为meaning“意思”，结合“these words”可知，此处用名词复数形式。故填meanings。 19．（25-26九年级上·上海·期中）It is vital that we act to stop the of the rain forests. (destroy) 【答案】destruction 【详解】句意：我们采取行动制止对热带雨林的破坏是至关重要的。根据“the…of the rain forests”可知，空格处需填名词，“destroy”的名词形式为“destruction”，意为“破坏”，为不可数名词。故填destruction。 20．（25-26九年级上·上海·期中）The daughter’s sudden at the party made the whole family worried. They had to call the police. (appear) 【答案】disappearance 【详解】句意：女儿在聚会上突然失踪，让全家人忧心忡忡。他们不得不报警。appear“出现”，动词。根据“They had to call the police”可知，此处应指女儿“不见、失踪”，故用其反义词disappear；句子主语为“The daughter’s sudden...”，空格前有形容词sudden，此处应填入名词作主语中心语，disappear的名词形式为disappearance。故填disappearance。 21．（25-26九年级上·上海·期中）The two groups of children have quite different . (characteristic) 【答案】characteristics 【详解】句意：这两组孩子有着截然不同的特质。characteristic“特点，特征”，名词。根据“The two groups of children have quite different...”可知，此处应用名词复数形式。故填characteristics。 22．（25-26九年级上·上海·期中）Before the plane takes off, the air hostesses will make sure every passenger’s seat belt is fastened for their . (secure) 【答案】security 【详解】句意：在飞机起飞前，空乘人员会确保每位乘客的安全带都系好，以保障他们的安全。根据空格前“their”是形容词性物主代词，后跟名词，结合所给词可知，secure“安全的”，形容词，此处应填入其名词形式security，作宾语，意为“安全”，指的是他们的安全。故填security。 23．（25-26九年级上·上海·期中）How should we respond to from friends? (complain) 【答案】complaints 【详解】句意：我们应该如何回应朋友们的抱怨？complain“抱怨”，动词；分析句子可知，空格处缺少名词作介词to的宾语，complain的名词形式complaint，且此处泛指朋友的抱怨，应用复数形式。故填complaints。 24．（25-26九年级上·上海静安·期中）The kilometer is the biggest unit of in the metric system (计量单位). (long) 【答案】length 【详解】句意：千米是公制计量单位中最大的长度单位。介词“of”后需接名词作宾语，long“长的”，形容词，其名词形式为length，unit of length意为“长度单位”，固定搭配。故填length。 25．（25-26九年级上·上海静安·期中）Owning a pet dog is a big . (responsible) 【答案】responsibility 【详解】句意：养宠物狗是一个很大的责任。根据“Owning a pet dog is a big... .”以及所给单词可知，应填responsible的名词形式responsibility“责任”，作表语。故填responsibility。 26．（25-26九年级上·上海静安·期中）We should admit our mistakes bravely instead of making (excuse). 【答案】excuses 【详解】句意：我们应该勇敢承认我们的错误，而不是找借口。空处位于动词“making”后，填名词作宾语。excuse“借口”，可数名词，此处泛指各种借口，应用复数形式的excuses。故填excuses。 27．（25-26九年级上·上海静安·期中）It is clear that Sandra is very close to . (dead) 【答案】death 【详解】句意：很明显，桑德拉离死亡很近了。dead“死的”，形容词。空格前有介词to，此处需用名词形式作宾语。故填death。 28．（25-26九年级上·上海静安·期中）It is a in America to eat turkey on Thanksgiving Day. (traditional) 【答案】tradition 【详解】句意：在美国，感恩节吃火鸡是一个传统。traditional“传统的”，形容词，此处需要名词作表语，其名词形式是tradition“传统”，空前有a，用名词单数。故填tradition。 29．（25-26九年级上·上海松江·期中）Every team member must share the to finish the task in time. (responsible) 【答案】responsibility 【详解】句意：每个团队成员都必须分担责任，按时完成任务。根据“Every team member must share the...”可知每个成员都要分担责任，作宾语用名词，responsible“负责的”，形容词，其名词是responsibility“责任”，此处是不可数名词。故填responsibility。 30．（25-26九年级上·上海松江·期中）A good always respects the rules that keep the society in order. (city) 【答案】citizen 【详解】句意：一个好公民总是尊重维护社会秩序的规则。“respect the rules”意为“尊重规则”，“that keep the society in order”意为“维持社会秩序”，是定语从句，修饰前面的名词“rules”，所以根据句意可知这里应填“公民”。故填citizen。 31．（25-26九年级上·上海松江·期中）Both agreed to stop fighting and started peace talks. (army) 【答案】armies 【详解】句意：双方军队都同意停止战斗，开始和平谈判。army“军队”，是名词，根据“Both”可知，此处表示两者都，用复数名词。故填armies。 32．（25-26九年级上·上海·期中）There are some you must meet before graduation. (require) 【答案】requirements 【详解】句意：毕业前你必须满足一些要求。根据“There are some…you must meet before graduation.”可知，这里需要一个名词，require的名词形式是requirement，且some后接可数名词复数，requirements符合语境。故填requirements。 33．（25-26九年级上·上海静安·期中）The little boy plays happily in the kindergarten. It’s really a good (begin). 【答案】beginning 【详解】句意：这个小男孩在幼儿园里玩得很开心。这真是一个好的开始。begin“开始”，动词。空格前有冠词a和形容词good，此处需用名词形式。故填beginning。 34．（25-26九年级上·上海静安·期中）It is common that light travels faster than sound. (know) 【答案】knowledge 【详解】句意：众所周知，光比声音传播得快。know知道，动词；根据“It is common...that light travels faster than sound”可知，此处是固定句型“It is common knowledge that...”，意为“众所周知……”。故填knowledge。 35．（25-26九年级上·上海静安·期中）Everyone in our class knows the of studying English well. (important) 【答案】importance 【详解】句意：我们班每个人都知道学好英语的重要性。根据“the…of studying English well”可知，这里需要一个名词来表示“重要性”，important的名词形式是importance，符合语境，说明学好英语这件事的重要意义。故填importance。 36．（25-26九年级上·上海·期中）The felt so happy after they caught a lot of fish. (fisherman) 【答案】fishermen 【详解】句意：渔夫们抓到很多鱼后感到非常高兴。句子中，动词“felt”的主语是“The…”，而从句“after they caught a lot of fish”中的代词“they”是复数形式，因此主语必须用复数名词。括号中的提示词“fisherman”是单数形式，其复数形式是“fishermen”。故填fishermen。 37．（25-26九年级上·上海浦东新·期中）I have a lot of about the hotel room you’ve given us. (complain) 【答案】complaints 【详解】句意：我对你提供给我们的酒店房间有很多不满。complain “抱怨”， 为动词；由a lot of可知，后接可数名词复数或不可数名词，complain的名词形式为complaint“抱怨；不满”，为可数名词。故填complaints。 38．（25-26九年级上·上海浦东新·期中）To us, the most likely for the disease is that the virus jumped from bats to humans, but no firm conclusions can yet be drawn. (explain) 【答案】explanation 【详解】句意：对我们来说，对这种疾病最可能的解释是病毒从蝙蝠身上转移到了人类身上，但是还不能得出确定的结论。根据“To us, the most likely…for the disease is that…”及提示词可知，likely“可能的”，形容词，后面修饰名词，explain“解释”，动词，名词为explanation，这里应用单数。故填explanation。 39．（25-26九年级上·上海浦东新·期中）After realizing his mistake in the debate, he approached his opponent to make heartfelt . (apologize) 【答案】apologies 【详解】句意：在意识到自己在辩论中的错误后，他走近他的对手，真诚地道歉。空处位于形容词“heartfelt”后，需填名词作宾语。apologize“道歉”，动词，其名词形式为apology，可数名词，前无冠词修饰，用复数的apologies，表示正式的、多次的道歉。make apologies“道歉”。故填apologies。 40．（25-26九年级上·上海浦东新·期中）Children here can see many animals like sheep, and koalas. (kangaroo) 【答案】kangaroos 【详解】句意：这里的孩子们可以看到许多动物，像绵羊、袋鼠和树袋熊。根据“Children here can see many animals like sheep…and koalas.”及提示词可知，many“许多”，后接可数名词的复数，并且连词and并列连接可数名词的复数形式，kangaroo“袋鼠”，可数名词，复数为kangaroos。故填kangaroos。 【创新 拔高题】（适合参考高中名校自招及学霸） 1．We shouldn’t be discouraged after failure. Instead, we should keep trying with (决心). （根据汉语提示单词拼写） 【答案】determination 【详解】考查名词。句意：我们不应该在失败后气馁。相反，我们应该带着决心继续尝试。空处位于介词后，应填名词作宾语，根据汉语提示可知，空格应是determination，意为“决心”，为不可数名词。故填determination。 2．The plane crash was so serious that there was only one (幸存者). （根据汉语提示单词拼写） 【答案】survivor 【详解】考查名词。句意：飞机失事如此严重，只有一个幸存者。本句是that引导的结果状语从句，从句缺少主语，所以空处应填名词作主语，根据所给中文提示词，应是survivor意为“幸存者”，根据one可知，用单数形式。故填survivor。 3．She feels a strong sense of (责任) towards her employees.(根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】responsibility 【详解】考查名词。句意：她对员工怀有强烈的责任感。此处为名词作宾语，根据汉语提示“责任”以及空前的介词“of”可知，应用不可数名词responsibility，a strong sense of responsibility表示“强烈的责任感”。故填responsibility。 4．A good (队长) always listens to the opinions of their team members. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】captain 【详解】考查名词。句意：一位好的队长总是倾听队员们的意见。根据汉语提示“队长”可知，此处应填名词captain，在句中作主语，根据上文不定冠词A可知，此处用单数形式。故填captain。 5．The (观众) clapped loudly at the end of the concert. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】audience 【详解】考查名词。句意：音乐会结束时，观众们热烈鼓掌。根据汉语提示“观众”，对应的名词是audience；该词为集合名词，此处指整体观众群体，用单数形式即可。故填audience。 6．After a long journey, we finally reached our (目的地). (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】destination 【详解】考查名词。句意：经过漫长的旅途，我们终于到达了目的地。根据汉语提示“目的地”，对应的名词是destination；空前有形容词性物主代词“our”，结合语境此处指单一目的地，所以此处为单数形式destination。故填destination。 7．Mike later became a sports (编辑) for The Beacon. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】editor 【详解】考查名词。句意：迈克后来成为了《灯塔报》的体育编辑。根据汉语提示“编辑”，对应的名词是editor；空前有不定冠词“a”，所以此处填单数形式editor。故填editor。 8．Her mother was away for a week, so I thought I would go over and keep her c . (根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】company/ompany 【详解】考查名词。句意：她妈妈外出了一周，所以我想我应该过去陪陪她。根据首字母“c”及“Her mother was away for a week”可知，妈妈要离开一周，所以此处为名词company意为“陪伴”，keep sb. company为固定搭配，意为“陪伴某人”。故填company。 9．This was Jane’s first visit to China, which left a strong i on her (根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】impression/mpression 【详解】考查名词。句意：这是简第一次访问中国，这给她留下了深刻的印象。根据句意及首字母提示i可知，空处用名词impression“印象”，由空前的“a strong”可知，空处应用名词单数形式，作left的宾语，leave a strong impression on sb.意为“给某人留下深刻印象”。故填impression。 10．You will have the o to acquire great knowledge and enjoy personal growth. (根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】opportunity/pportunity 【详解】考查名词。句意：你将有机会获取渊博的知识并实现个人成长。根据首字母“o”及“acquire great knowledge and enjoy personal growth”可知，此处表示“有机会做某事”，所以此处为名词opportunity作宾语，后面的不定式短语作定语，特指“获取知识和个人成长”的机会，用单数形式。故填opportunity。 11．How can I achieve my (目标)? (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】goal 【详解】考查名词。句意：我应该怎样实现我的目标呢？根据所给汉语提示可知，此处应用名词“goal目标”在句中作宾语，achieve one's goal意为“实现某人的目标”，故填goal。 12．There is growing c over high house prices. (根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】concern/oncern 【详解】考查名词。句意：人们对高房价的担忧日益加剧。根据首字母“c”及“over high house prices.”可知，此处表示“担忧”为名词concern，在“there be”句型中作主语，“growing concern over sth.”为固定表达，意为“对某事日益增长的担忧”，concern表示“担忧”时为不可数名词。故填concern。 13．You have made great c (贡献) to our firm. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 【答案】contributions/ontributions 【详解】考查名词拼写。句意：你为我们公司做出了巨大的贡献。根据中文提示“贡献”和首字母c可知，此处应填名词 contribution。contribution 作“贡献”解时，为可数名词，且常用复数形式构成固定搭配“make contributions to...”表示“为……做出贡献”。故填 contributions。 14．It will draw you closer together, and the s (优势) of the closeness will greatly benefit you. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 【答案】strength/trength/strengths/trengths 【详解】考查名词。句意：它会使你们的关系更加紧密，而这种亲密关系的优势将使你大大受益。根据中文提示“优势”和首字母s可知，此处应填名词strength。该词既可用作不可数名词，表示抽象的整体“优势”，也可用作可数名词，此时可以用复数形式表示具体的多个“优势”，因此空格处可以填strength或strengths，在句中作主语。故填strength/strengths。 15．Studying abroad provides excellent (机会) for students to broaden their horizons and become more independent. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】opportunities 【详解】考查名词。句意：出国留学为学生提供了拓宽视野、变得更加独立的绝佳机会。根据汉语提示“机会”可知，空处需填名词opportunity作宾语，opportunity是可数名词，此处表示泛指，其前无限定词修饰，所以空处需用名词复数形式。故填opportunities。 16．The firefighters checked their (设备) before entering the burning building. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】equipment 【详解】考查名词。句意：消防员在进入燃烧的大楼前检查了他们的设备。根据汉语提示“设备”以及动词checked可知，此空应用不可数名词equipment，作宾语。故填equipment。 17．Bill is doing a lot of physical exercise to build up his (力量). (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】strength 【详解】考查名词。句意：比尔正在进行大量体育锻炼以增强他的力量。根据汉语提示“力量”以及build up可知，此空应用名词strength作宾语，侧重指身体的力量、体力，为不可数名词。 build up one’s strength是固定短语，意为“增强体力”。故填strength。 18．I still keep in (联系) with my friends from college. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】contact 【详解】 考查名词。句意：我仍然和大学时的朋友们保持联系。根据句意及汉语提示可知，此处使用名词contact，作宾语，不可数名词，构成固定搭配keep in contact with“与……保持联系”。故填contact。 19．She works as a (志愿者)at the local hospital every weekend. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】volunteer 【详解】考查名词。句意：她每个周末都会在当地的医院做志愿者工作。根据句意及汉语提示可知，此处使用名词volunteer，作宾语，由前文的a可知，应用名词单数形式。故填volunteer。 20．Out of c (好奇心), she opened the old box and found a letter from her grandmother.(根据中英文提示单词拼写) 【答案】curiosity/uriosity 【详解】考查名词。句意：出于好奇，她打开了那个旧盒子，发现了一封祖母的来信。根据中英文提示可知，此处使用名词curiosity，作介词of的宾语，out of curiosity“出于好奇”。故填curiosity。 21．The e (探索) of the deep ocean has helped scientists discover many new species. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 【答案】exploration/xploration 【详解】考查名词。句意：深海探索已帮助科学家发现了许多新物种。根据汉语提示“探索”和首字母可知，此处为名词exploration，作主语。故填exploration。 22．Asked his (国籍), he said American. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】nationality 【详解】考查名词。句意：被问及国籍时，他说自己是美国人。根据汉语提示“国籍”及空前his可知，此空应用名词nationality作宾语，此处特指他的国籍，用单数。故填nationality。 23．After discussing for hours, they finally found a practical (解决方法) to the problem. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】solution 【详解】考查名词。句意：经过几个小时的讨论，他们终于找到了一个切实可行的解决问题的方法。根据汉语提示可知，solution“解决方法”，名词，符合题意，由空前不定冠词a可知，空处名词需用单数，作宾语。故填solution。 24．What parents do will have a great effect on their kid’s p (性格). (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 【答案】personality/ersonality 【详解】考查名词。句意：父母的所作所为会对孩子的性格产生很大影响。根据汉语提示“性格”及首字母“p”可知，此处为名词personality；“kid’s”为名词所有格，后接名词，personality表示“性格”侧重整体性格特质时为不可数名词。故填personality。 25．In case of an (紧急情况), remain calm and leave the classroom in an orderly way. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】emergency 【详解】考查名词。句意：万一发生紧急情况，请保持冷静，有序离开教室。根据汉语提示“紧急情况”可知，用名词emergency，根据an可知，用单数形式，作宾语。故填emergency。 26．Tom will come on the (第二十) of this month. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】twentieth 【详解】考查数词。句意：汤姆将于本月二十日到来。根据汉语提示可知用序数词twentieth，表示“第二十”。故填twentieth。 27．The rich man offered more than one m dollars to help the poor people. (根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】million/illion 【详解】考查数词。句意：这个富人提供了一百多万美元来帮助穷人。结合句意及首字母提示可知，million“一百万”，数词，符合题意，故填million。 28．A little bit of kindness will be rewarded with a huge (数量) of benefits. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】amount 【详解】考查名词。句意：一点点善意会换来巨大的益处。根据句意和中文提示可知，表示“数量”应用amount，为名词，而a huge amount of，为固定搭配，意为“大量的”，符合语境。故填amount。 29．In Asia, messaging platforms are growing rapidly, with users in the hundreds of (百万), both at work and play. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】millions 【详解】考查数量词。句意：在亚洲，即时通讯平台正在迅速发展，拥有数以亿计的工作和娱乐用户。根据句子结构和汉语提示可知，数量词million符合，hundreds of millions“数亿”是固定搭配。故填millions。 30．The Laba Festival is celebrated on the (八) day of the twelfth lunar month. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】eighth 【详解】考查序数词。句意：腊八节在农历十二月的第八天庆祝。根据汉语提示，此处用序数词eighth表示“第八”，作定语修饰名词day，符合句意。故填eighth。 21 / 21 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $