专题29 阅读理解题型技巧（考点梳理+解题技巧）三大要点归纳（讲义）-2026版江苏省（职教高考）一轮复习《英语知识点清单》（原卷版+解析版）

编写说明：2026版江苏省（职教高考）一轮复习《英语知识点清单》，依据最新的《中等职业学校英语课程标准》及历年高考真题进行编写。本资料将高考必备知识进行科学划分，系统总结归纳知识点，全面梳理高考题型。本专辑共三大部分30个专题：第一部分是按照基础语法知识点编写的语法知识清单，第二部分是针对课程标准和高考真题中高频词汇、词组及句型的语言运用清单，同时也包括了口语交际的提问与回答。第三部分是依据各个高考题型编写的题型技巧清单。每份资料均配备配套讲义和练习题。 本专题是2026版江苏省（职教高考）一轮复习《英语知识点清单》中题型技巧清单的第5个专题，内容为阅读理解题型技巧。 2026版江苏省（职教高考）一轮复习 英语·题型技巧清单 专题29 阅读理解（讲+练） 【考点解读】 江苏职教高考阅读理解题型为试卷第二部分（阅读理解），题号为41~62，考题总量为22道，分值总占比40%。考查形式和内容如下： 1.语篇阅读（选择+翻译）——语篇阅读总分值36分，题型和分值配比如下： ①选择题16道（A篇6道 + B篇5道 + C篇5道），总计32分；——考查内容主要为细节理解、推理判断、主旨大意、词义猜测。 ②翻译题2道（英译汉），总计4分；——考查内容主要为基础语法、固定搭配、语义转换、语境适配。 2.任务型阅读（填空）——考查形式为提纲梳理，每空1词。共4个空，总计4分。——考查内容主要为信息检索、词性或表达的转换、内容的概括。 【知识点清单一】语篇阅读--选择题考点及技巧 一、总体考情 江苏职教高考阅读理解题语篇体裁以应用文（海报、通知、广告）、记叙文、说明文为主，偶尔涉及议论文。语篇阅读的选择题部分为全卷的第五节，总分32分。 题材上聚焦日常生活、校园、科普、文化习俗、职业场景、社会热点等，贴近中职学生实际。词汇量以中职核心词汇（约 2200 词）为主，句式简单，少长难句，注重基础与应用结合。 二、考查题型和内容 考查题型 考查内容 典型提问方式 1.细节理解题 定位时间、地点、数字、原因等具体信息 What/When/Where/Why/How…？ 指代判断（语境逻辑） What does...refer to...? 判断表述的正误 Which of the following is (not) true? 2.推理判断题 根据原文推断隐含信息 What can we infer/learn from…？ 推断写作意图 What is the purpose....? 判断作者/文章提到的其他人对特定事物的态度或 What is sb’s attitude towards...? 例证的作用/功能 ...is mentioned to....? What is the function of....? 3.主旨大意题 概括文章 / 段落中心思想或标题 What is the main idea/topic of…？ 4.词义猜测题 结合上下文推测生词 / 短语含义 The underlined word“…”probably means…？ 三、考查角度和方向 1.基础性：考查对核心词汇、基础语法的掌握及在语境中的运用。 2.应用性：强调在真实生活与职业场景中获取、处理信息的能力。 3.逻辑性：通过细节定位、推理判断、主旨归纳，考查语篇逻辑理解与衔接能力。 4.素养导向：融入时代热点（如科技、劳动教育、跨文化理解），体现学科核心素养。 四、备考策略和应试技巧 （一）备考策略 4 词汇积累 重点掌握考纲要求的核心词汇（约 2200 词）及习惯用语（约 400 个），尤其高频动词、名词、形容词搭配。 每天背诵 30-50 词，结合例句记忆，避免孤立背单词。 1语法夯实 聚焦时态、语态、从句、介词、比较级等基础语法，确保能快速分析句子结构，理解长句。通过“语法 + 阅读”结合训练，在语境中巩固语法。 7真题精练 钻研近 5 年真题：第一遍限时模拟，第二遍分析错题（标注“定位词”“同义替换”“逻辑词”）。总结高频题型（如细节题）的解题规律，形成“定位→比对→排除”的思维定式。 6限时训练 每天 1 篇限时阅读（8-10 分钟 / 篇），逐步提升阅读速度（目标：60-80 词 / 分钟）。 训练“扫读→定位→精读” 的高效阅读法，避免逐字逐句翻译。 （二）应试技巧 1.解题四步骤 第一步：浏览题干 划出关键词（人名、地名、时间、数字、特殊疑问词），预判文章主题与考点。 第二步：通读全文 重点读首尾段及各段首句，理清文章结构（总分、分总、因果等），标记逻辑词（but、so、however、because）。 第三步：逐题作答 细节题：用题干关键词定位原文，比对选项与原文的同义替换，排除干扰项。 推理题：依据原文信息推断，不主观臆断；关注作者态度词（positive/negative/neutral）。 主旨题：归纳各段主题，优先选包含高频词的选项，避免以偏概全。 词义题：通过语境逻辑（并列、转折、举例）或词根词缀猜测，代入原文验证是否通顺。 第四步：回读验证 快速检查答案是否符合文章逻辑，确保无遗漏或误判。 2.其他技巧 顺序出题原则：题目顺序与原文段落顺序基本一致，可按题定位。 同义替换原则：正确选项多为原文信息的同义表达，原句重复多为干扰项。 排除法：优先排除与原文矛盾、无中生有、范围扩大 / 缩小的选项。 时间分配：每篇控制在 8-10 分钟，遇难题先标记，做完其他题再回头处理。 【即时训练】 阅读以下语篇，从题后所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳答案。 Fake news is everywhere-you see it on your social media, and even on forwarded messages in your phone’s group chats. Being able to spot fake news is an important aspect of life in the digital age. Here’s a simple guide on how to spot fake news. Check the website and quality of the articles. Look at where the story comes from and read other articles on the site. Are they well written with proper citation (引用), or are they full of grammatical errors? You should also make sure that you are on a legal news website. Some fake sites use addresses similar to those of real news organizations. For example, a website that ends with .com might be real, while the one with .co is not. Moreover, remember to ask yourself,“Is it the whole truth?” Sometimes a fake news story can have some truth to it, but most of the facts and figures are made up. For example, the event and the people mentioned are real, but the quotes attributed to them and other facts are simply made up. Search for the same story on other credible websites to avoid being misled(误导). There are other steps you can take to check the information you receive. You can do a reverse image search. Upload a photo to some image search engines to see where else it has been used and for what purpose. That will help you find out if a photograph is being falsely presented. You can also do some independent search. Check the questionable piece of news against other news sources or fact-checking websites, which will help expose fake news and rumors. 1.The first paragraph of the passage is to_________. A. illustrate the importance of social media B.explain the bad effects of fake news on social media C. introduce fake news as the topic of this passage D. show the author’s attitude towards online fake news 2. Which of the following is probably a reason for the fast spread of fake news? A.The wide use of social media. B.The rapid development of education. C.The increasing number of newspaper readers. D. The great influence of news organizations in the digital age. 3.How can people avoid being cheated by fake news? A. Browsing websites ending with .co. B. Believing the forwarded messages without doubt. C.Taking the received information as definitely true. D. Checking the received information on credible websites. 4. What is the main purpose of this passage? A.To exemplify what fake news is. B. To tell people how to identify fake news. C. To explain why there is so much fake news. D.To call on people to fight against fake news. 5.What does the underlined word “rumors” in the last paragraph mean? A. Untrue stories. B.Funny stories C.Private stories. D.Secret stories. 以上语篇，拓展2道阅读理解题 6.What can a reverse image search help people do? A. Find more articles on the same website. B. Check if a photo is used falsely. C. Correct grammatical errors in news. D. Get real quotes from people in the news. 7.According to the passage, which of the following indicates a fake news site? A. It has proper citations in articles. B. Its website address ends with .com. C. Its articles are full of grammar mistakes. D. It publishes stories verified by fact-checking sites. 【知识点清单二】语篇阅读--翻译题考向及技巧 语篇阅读的翻译题部分为全卷的第六节，共2小题，总分4分。 一、核心考查要点 考查维度 具体内容 真题示例（2024年） 基础语法 主从复合句、时态、语态、常用句型、特殊句式、比较级等 You can’t change your energy cycle, but you can learn to make your life fit it better. 固定搭配 动词短语、介词搭配、习惯表达 survive without care and food；make sth. fit 语义转换 准确理解否定、转折、条件等逻辑，直译与意译的恰当选择 Won’t survive for more than a week → 存活超一周的可能性极低 语境适配 贴合日常生活、校园或科普场景，译文自然 the little one → 幼崽 / 小家伙（结合上下文） 二、典型句式与高频考点 1.复合句：以 but/and 连接的并列句、if/when 引导的状语从句、that/what 引导的宾语从句为主，需拆分主句与从句逻辑。 例：The humans don't know how long the little one has been alone, but they know that he won't survive for more than a week without care and food from his mom. 译文：人们不清楚这个小家伙独自待了多久，但知道没有妈妈的照料与食物，它存活超一周的可能性极低。 2.固定搭配：重点考查中职核心短语（如 take care of、give up、depend on），需准确对应汉语表达。 例：make your life fit it better → 更好地适应生活节奏。 3.否定 / 比较结构：注意部分否定（not all）、比较级（better/more）的准确转换，避免歧义。 例：this isn't true for the rubbish on cruise ships → 游轮上的垃圾则无法如此处理。 4.被动语态：中文多主动表达，被动句需转换主语或省略“被”字，使译文流畅。 例：The rubbish from cities can be collected and taken away → 城市垃圾可被收集清运。 三、应试技巧与备考建议 （一）解题步骤 1.拆分句子：标出连词（but/if/that）、谓语动词及时态，理清句子结构（主句 + 从句）。 ▶ 例：If you understand cultural differences, you’ll be a better communicator. → 拆分：条件从句（If...）+ 主句（you’ll be...）。 2.逐块翻译：先译主干，再补修饰成分（定语 / 状语），优先处理固定搭配。 ▶ 例：make your life fit it better → 更好地适应生活节奏（而非“让你的生活更适合它”）。 3.逻辑整合：调整语序使译文符合中文习惯，避免直译导致的生硬（如被动变主动）。 ▶ 注意调整语序与语态  复合句：先译从句再译主句，符合中文“先因后果 / 先条件后结果”逻辑。  被动语态：省略“被”字或转换主语 英文表达 汉语译文 翻译技巧 The letter was sent.... 信件已寄出 被动语态，省略“被”字 It is believed that... 人们认为 被动语态，转换为主动语态，更符合中文逻辑 4.检查核对：确认语义准确、语法无错、语句通顺，无遗漏信息。 （二）备考重点 1.词汇积累：背诵考纲词汇及高频短语，尤其动词 + 介词搭配（如 look forward to、take part in）。 2.语法强化：重点练习复合句、时态、被动语态的转换，熟悉否定、转折、条件等逻辑句式。 3.真题精练：近 5 年英译汉真题反复演练，总结常见句型与搭配的翻译规律。 4.翻译习惯：避免逐字直译，注重“达意优先、语序适配”，必要时调整词性（如名词转动词）。 【即时训练】 将以下句子翻译成中文 8.She and her research team wanted to know how the Internet is changing memory. __________________________________________________________________________________ 9.But I'm here to tell you that instead of focusing on doing what we love, we should focus on loving what we do. __________________________________________________________________________________ 10.As the sun sets, people light up their homes with small lamps and enjoy delicious traditional foods with their loved ones. __________________________________________________________________________________ 11.If you just follow what they ask you to do without any consideration, it is likely that you will be cheated and lose some money. __________________________________________________________________________________ 12.Doctors also advise runners to make sure they are in good health before entering a running race. __________________________________________________________________________________ 13.For example, suppose a friend wants to borrow some money from you, you say “I wish I could help you but I'm short of money myself” __________________________________________________________________________________ 14.A teenager, rather than trying to rush off the plane like most of the other passengers, stopped to help a woman with disability. __________________________________________________________________________________ 15.He made up his mind to find better ways of making the cartoon move, so that the cartoon characters would seem alive. __________________________________________________________________________________ 16.I learned that a fish is a cold-blooded animal and therefore is very sensitive to water temperature. __________________________________________________________________________________ 【知识点清单三】任务型阅读考点及解题技巧 一、总体考情 任务型阅读为全卷的第七节，考查方式为：给出 1 篇短文（200-300 词，说明文 / 应用文为主），设 4个空，填空要求为每空 1 词，总分4分。 考查 “信息定位→提炼→转换” 能力，答案多为原文关键词的同义替换或词性转换，极少需要原创。 二、考察方向 1.信息筛选能力：题目较为简单，对文章的信息进行筛选，原词填入即可。 2.信息转换能力：题目涉及到词性的转换，同时需要关注词汇同义替换。 3.信息概括能力：对全文或者段落的总体总体掌握，结合空格的特点来归纳总结。 三、高频考点 考点类型 核心要求 真题示例 1.关键词定位 根据题干/表格线索，快速找到原文对应句 （2022年第59题）Here are some pieces of advice to help you save the earth.→ How to_______the earth.【该空格位于答题区的主旨部分，快速定位到关键句，原文save the earth，直接填入答案save】 2.词性转换 按空格语法要求（名词/动词/副词），转换原文词形 （2023年第61题）原文Americans like a firm handshake. → Americans like to shake hands_______.【句式表达上a firm handshake名词短语变动词短语shake hands，缺词firm形容词变副词firmly】 3.同义替换 同根词的表达转换 （2023年）原文you’ll be a better communicator→ you can _______more smoothly and effectively 【表达上a better communicator名词短语变动词短语communicate more smoothly and effectively，缺词填communicate，语义不变】 主被动转换 （2020年第59题）原文Your habits will decide whether you are successful or not.→ Whether you succeed or not is_______by your habits.【句式表达上主动语态转为被动语态，缺词填过去分词decided】 不同用词的替换 will have a great effect on...→ will_______affect...【动词短语have effect on 替换为动词affect，原great形容词修饰名词，替换后需要用副词性greatly修饰动词】 4.内容概括 补词型概括 （需要增加原文没有的词汇） （2022年第61题）Take a bus. Taking a bus saves a lot of oil every year.→ Take a bus_______of driving a car.【原文“搭乘公交车每年可以节省不少油”，暗指私家车消耗更多油，增出 instead of 短语，体现原文态度，答案为instead】 对原文信息简要总结 （不需要创词，但原文的原句参考包含多句，需要概括） （2020年第61题）原文 How to develop positive habits? There's nothing easier than developing positive habits. You simply have to do it every day. If you want to develop the habit of` reading, read every day. Habits are created by repetition. The more you do an action, the easier it becomes in the long run.→ To create positive habits, you need to _______them.【需结合原文片段及关键词repetition，综合性总结答案为repeat】 四、解题技巧 1.审题划线索 快速浏览表格 “标题 + 空格前后内容”，划出关键词（名词、动词、数字、专有名词），明确空格需填“词性”（名词 / 动词 / 副词）和“语义方向”。 例：表格“Westerners usually stand up and then ______ hands”，关键词 “Westerners”“hands”，空格需填动词（与 hands 搭配）。 2.定位原文句 按“顺序出题原则”（题目顺序≈原文段落顺序），用关键词快速扫描原文，锁定对应句子。 技巧：若关键词被同义替换（如 “important”→“necessary”），需关注语义关联；数字、地名、人名可直接定位。 例：关键词“Frenchman”“handshake”，定位原文“the French prefer a light, short handshake”。 3.提炼 + 转换 若原文有直接对应词，优先提取（注意词性匹配）： 例如： ▶ 原文“communicate”（动词），空格前是“can”，直接填“communicate”。 若需词性转换，按语法要求变形。 ▶ 原文“firm（形容词）”，空格修饰动词“shake”，填副词“firmly”。 若需同义替换，选原文核心语义的 1 词表达。 ▶ 原文“bowing rather than shaking hands”，空格需动词，填“bow”。 4.核对验证 检查以下三点内容：① 词性是否正确（如副词修饰动词、名词作主语）；② 语义是否匹配原文；③ 拼写无错误（中职核心词拼写简单，避免笔误）。 例：空格填“appreciated”，需确认原文“Westerners appreciate...”，空格是被动语态，过去分词形式正确。 【即时训练】 Generation Z makes up the majority of college students. Just as the Millennials(千一代) before them, this generation shifts the way learning happens in higher education. But the differences go beyond just greater dependence on technology. Generation Z is the driving force behind innovation(创新) in learning styles, tools and resources. And they're proving that college is headed in the direction of a more learner-centered environment. A study shows today's students, refuse to be passive learners. They aren’t interested in simply showing up for class and taking notes that they’ll memorize for an exam later on. Instead, they want a fully immersive(沉浸式的)educational experience and they even enjoy the challenges of being pat of it. 51% of the Gen Z’ers surveyed said they learned best by doing while only 12% said they learned through listening. And as “digital” generation: Generation Z expects digital learning tools to be deeply integrated into their education. Technology has always been seen in every part of their lives.They don't think education should be any different and believe they should be able to connect academic experiences to personal experiences through these same tools. Additionally these learning tools should be available on demand. For them learning isn’t limited to just the classroom. It's something that can take place at anytime, anywhere.Finally, access t unlimited new information has created a more self-supporting and career-driven generation.In fact, 13% of Gen Z'ers already have their own business. And many are even taking this spirit to drive changes in college courses, as they show a strong interest in designing their own: learning path in college. For those who haven’t started one quite yet, early preparation is still key. Actually, nearly half of high school students have taken at least one class that counts as college credit. Generation Z’s Innovations in Digital Learning Refuse to be passive learners Instead of____17____for an exam after class, they want to immerse themselves in the learning process. Expect digital learning tools to be part of their lives 51% of the surveyed achieved a____18____result in learning by 60 doing than learning through listening They think academic experiences and personal experiences should be____19____ They hope they can learn anytime: anywhere with the learning tools. Be more self-supporting and career-driven learners Some of them have started their own business. They drive changes in college courses and want to be____20____of their own learning path. 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 编写说明：2026版江苏省（职教高考）一轮复习《英语知识点清单》，依据最新的《中等职业学校英语课程标准》及历年高考真题进行编写。本资料将高考必备知识进行科学划分，系统总结归纳知识点，全面梳理高考题型。本专辑共三大部分30个专题：第一部分是按照基础语法知识点编写的语法知识清单，第二部分是针对课程标准和高考真题中高频词汇、词组及句型的语言运用清单，同时也包括了口语交际的提问与回答。第三部分是依据各个高考题型编写的题型技巧清单。每份资料均配备配套讲义和练习题。 本专题是2026版江苏省（职教高考）一轮复习《英语知识点清单》中题型技巧清单的第5个专题，内容为阅读理解题型技巧。 2026版江苏省（职教高考）一轮复习 英语·题型技巧清单 专题29 阅读理解（讲+练） 【考点解读】 江苏职教高考阅读理解题型为试卷第二部分（阅读理解），题号为41~62，考题总量为22道，分值总占比40%。考查形式和内容如下： 1.语篇阅读（选择+翻译）——语篇阅读总分值36分，题型和分值配比如下： ①选择题16道（A篇6道 + B篇5道 + C篇5道），总计32分；——考查内容主要为细节理解、推理判断、主旨大意、词义猜测。 ②翻译题2道（英译汉），总计4分；——考查内容主要为基础语法、固定搭配、语义转换、语境适配。 2.任务型阅读（填空）——考查形式为提纲梳理，每空1词。共4个空，总计4分。——考查内容主要为信息检索、词性或表达的转换、内容的概括。 【知识点清单一】语篇阅读--选择题考点及技巧 一、总体考情 江苏职教高考阅读理解题语篇体裁以应用文（海报、通知、广告）、记叙文、说明文为主，偶尔涉及议论文。语篇阅读的选择题部分为全卷的第五节，总分32分。 题材上聚焦日常生活、校园、科普、文化习俗、职业场景、社会热点等，贴近中职学生实际。词汇量以中职核心词汇（约 2200 词）为主，句式简单，少长难句，注重基础与应用结合。 二、考查题型和内容 考查题型 考查内容 典型提问方式 1.细节理解题 定位时间、地点、数字、原因等具体信息 What/When/Where/Why/How…？ 指代判断（语境逻辑） What does...refer to...? 判断表述的正误 Which of the following is (not) true? 2.推理判断题 根据原文推断隐含信息 What can we infer/learn from…？ 推断写作意图 What is the purpose....? 判断作者/文章提到的其他人对特定事物的态度或 What is sb’s attitude towards...? 例证的作用/功能 ...is mentioned to....? What is the function of....? 3.主旨大意题 概括文章 / 段落中心思想或标题 What is the main idea/topic of…？ 4.词义猜测题 结合上下文推测生词 / 短语含义 The underlined word“…”probably means…？ 三、考查角度和方向 1.基础性：考查对核心词汇、基础语法的掌握及在语境中的运用。 2.应用性：强调在真实生活与职业场景中获取、处理信息的能力。 3.逻辑性：通过细节定位、推理判断、主旨归纳，考查语篇逻辑理解与衔接能力。 4.素养导向：融入时代热点（如科技、劳动教育、跨文化理解），体现学科核心素养。 四、备考策略和应试技巧 （一）备考策略 4 词汇积累 重点掌握考纲要求的核心词汇（约 2200 词）及习惯用语（约 400 个），尤其高频动词、名词、形容词搭配。 每天背诵 30-50 词，结合例句记忆，避免孤立背单词。 1语法夯实 聚焦时态、语态、从句、介词、比较级等基础语法，确保能快速分析句子结构，理解长句。通过“语法 + 阅读”结合训练，在语境中巩固语法。 7真题精练 钻研近 5 年真题：第一遍限时模拟，第二遍分析错题（标注“定位词”“同义替换”“逻辑词”）。总结高频题型（如细节题）的解题规律，形成“定位→比对→排除”的思维定式。 6限时训练 每天 1 篇限时阅读（8-10 分钟 / 篇），逐步提升阅读速度（目标：60-80 词 / 分钟）。 训练“扫读→定位→精读” 的高效阅读法，避免逐字逐句翻译。 （二）应试技巧 1.解题四步骤 第一步：浏览题干 划出关键词（人名、地名、时间、数字、特殊疑问词），预判文章主题与考点。 第二步：通读全文 重点读首尾段及各段首句，理清文章结构（总分、分总、因果等），标记逻辑词（but、so、however、because）。 第三步：逐题作答 细节题：用题干关键词定位原文，比对选项与原文的同义替换，排除干扰项。 推理题：依据原文信息推断，不主观臆断；关注作者态度词（positive/negative/neutral）。 主旨题：归纳各段主题，优先选包含高频词的选项，避免以偏概全。 词义题：通过语境逻辑（并列、转折、举例）或词根词缀猜测，代入原文验证是否通顺。 第四步：回读验证 快速检查答案是否符合文章逻辑，确保无遗漏或误判。 2.其他技巧 顺序出题原则：题目顺序与原文段落顺序基本一致，可按题定位。 同义替换原则：正确选项多为原文信息的同义表达，原句重复多为干扰项。 排除法：优先排除与原文矛盾、无中生有、范围扩大 / 缩小的选项。 时间分配：每篇控制在 8-10 分钟，遇难题先标记，做完其他题再回头处理。 【即时训练】 阅读以下语篇，从题后所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳答案。 Fake news is everywhere-you see it on your social media, and even on forwarded messages in your phone’s group chats. Being able to spot fake news is an important aspect of life in the digital age. Here’s a simple guide on how to spot fake news. Check the website and quality of the articles. Look at where the story comes from and read other articles on the site. Are they well written with proper citation (引用), or are they full of grammatical errors? You should also make sure that you are on a legal news website. Some fake sites use addresses similar to those of real news organizations. For example, a website that ends with .com might be real, while the one with .co is not. Moreover, remember to ask yourself,“Is it the whole truth?” Sometimes a fake news story can have some truth to it, but most of the facts and figures are made up. For example, the event and the people mentioned are real, but the quotes attributed to them and other facts are simply made up. Search for the same story on other credible websites to avoid being misled(误导). There are other steps you can take to check the information you receive. You can do a reverse image search. Upload a photo to some image search engines to see where else it has been used and for what purpose. That will help you find out if a photograph is being falsely presented. You can also do some independent search. Check the questionable piece of news against other news sources or fact-checking websites, which will help expose fake news and rumors. 1.The first paragraph of the passage is to_________. A. illustrate the importance of social media B.explain the bad effects of fake news on social media C. introduce fake news as the topic of this passage D. show the author’s attitude towards online fake news 2. Which of the following is probably a reason for the fast spread of fake news? A.The wide use of social media. B.The rapid development of education. C.The increasing number of newspaper readers. D. The great influence of news organizations in the digital age. 3.How can people avoid being cheated by fake news? A. Browsing websites ending with .co. B. Believing the forwarded messages without doubt. C.Taking the received information as definitely true. D. Checking the received information on credible websites. 4. What is the main purpose of this passage? A.To exemplify what fake news is. B. To tell people how to identify fake news. C. To explain why there is so much fake news. D.To call on people to fight against fake news. 5.What does the underlined word “rumors” in the last paragraph mean? A. Untrue stories. B.Funny stories C.Private stories. D.Secret stories. 以上语篇，拓展2道阅读理解题 6.What can a reverse image search help people do? A. Find more articles on the same website. B. Check if a photo is used falsely. C. Correct grammatical errors in news. D. Get real quotes from people in the news. 7.According to the passage, which of the following indicates a fake news site? A. It has proper citations in articles. B. Its website address ends with .com. C. Its articles are full of grammar mistakes. D. It publishes stories verified by fact-checking sites. 【答案】1.C 2.A 3.D 4.B 5.A 6.B 7.C 【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章介绍假新闻的普遍存在，提供检查网站质量、核实真相、反向图片搜索等识别方法，指导人们在数字时代辨别假新闻。 【解析】 1.C 段落主旨题。第一段开篇指出“假新闻无处不在”，接着强调 “识别假新闻是数字时代的重要技能”，最后引出 “识别假新闻的简单指南”，核心目的是引出“假新闻”这一主题，为下文内容铺垫。A（说明社交媒体的重要性）、B（解释假新闻的负面影响）、D（表明作者对网络假新闻的态度）均未体现，排除。 2.A 推理判断题。第一段明确提到 “假新闻出现在社交媒体和手机群聊转发信息中”，结合常识可推断，社交媒体的广泛使用是假新闻快速传播的原因之一。B（教育的快速发展）、C（报纸读者数量增加）、D（新闻机构的巨大影响）均与假新闻传播无关，排除。 3.D 细节理解题。定位原文第三段 “Search for the same story on other credible websites to avoid being misled”，可知通过在可信网站核实信息可避免被假新闻欺骗。A（浏览.co 后缀网站）与第二段 “带有.co 的可能是假网站” 矛盾；B（毫不怀疑转发信息）、C（认定收到的信息绝对真实）均与原文 “需核实信息” 的建议相反，排除。 4.B 文章主旨题。第一段结尾点明 “本文是识别假新闻的简单指南”，后文围绕 “检查网站和文章质量、核实是否为全部真相、反向图片搜索、独立核实信息” 展开，核心目的是告知人们如何识别假新闻。A（举例说明假新闻是什么）、C（解释假新闻泛滥的原因）、D（呼吁人们打击假新闻）均非文章核心，排除。 5.A 词义猜测题。前文提到 “事实核查网站有助于揭露假新闻”，“rumors” 与 “fake news” 并列，应为同义或近义关系。A（不真实的故事）符合语境；B（有趣的故事）、C（私人故事）、D（秘密故事）均与 “假新闻” 的语义无关，排除。 6.B 细节理解题。定位原文最后一段“Upload a photo to some image search engines... find out if a photograph is being falsely presented”，可知反向图片搜索能帮助核实照片是否被虚假使用。A（查找同一网站的更多文章）、C（纠正新闻中的语法错误）、D（获取新闻中人物的真实引言）均未提及，排除。 7.C 细节理解题。定位原文第二段“Are they well written with proper citation, or are they full of grammatical errors?”，结合上下文可知，“充满语法错误” 是假新闻网站的特征之一。A（文章有恰当引用）、B（网址以.com 结尾）是真实新闻网站的特征；D（发布经事实核查网站验证的故事）与假新闻网站属性矛盾，排除。 【知识点清单二】语篇阅读--翻译题考向及技巧 语篇阅读的翻译题部分为全卷的第六节，共2小题，总分4分。 一、核心考查要点 考查维度 具体内容 真题示例（2024年） 基础语法 主从复合句、时态、语态、常用句型、特殊句式、比较级等 You can’t change your energy cycle, but you can learn to make your life fit it better. 固定搭配 动词短语、介词搭配、习惯表达 survive without care and food；make sth. fit 语义转换 准确理解否定、转折、条件等逻辑，直译与意译的恰当选择 Won’t survive for more than a week → 存活超一周的可能性极低 语境适配 贴合日常生活、校园或科普场景，译文自然 the little one → 幼崽 / 小家伙（结合上下文） 二、典型句式与高频考点 1.复合句：以 but/and 连接的并列句、if/when 引导的状语从句、that/what 引导的宾语从句为主，需拆分主句与从句逻辑。 例：The humans don't know how long the little one has been alone, but they know that he won't survive for more than a week without care and food from his mom. 译文：人们不清楚这个小家伙独自待了多久，但知道没有妈妈的照料与食物，它存活超一周的可能性极低。 2.固定搭配：重点考查中职核心短语（如 take care of、give up、depend on），需准确对应汉语表达。 例：make your life fit it better → 更好地适应生活节奏。 3.否定 / 比较结构：注意部分否定（not all）、比较级（better/more）的准确转换，避免歧义。 例：this isn't true for the rubbish on cruise ships → 游轮上的垃圾则无法如此处理。 4.被动语态：中文多主动表达，被动句需转换主语或省略“被”字，使译文流畅。 例：The rubbish from cities can be collected and taken away → 城市垃圾可被收集清运。 三、应试技巧与备考建议 （一）解题步骤 1.拆分句子：标出连词（but/if/that）、谓语动词及时态，理清句子结构（主句 + 从句）。 ▶ 例：If you understand cultural differences, you’ll be a better communicator. → 拆分：条件从句（If...）+ 主句（you’ll be...）。 2.逐块翻译：先译主干，再补修饰成分（定语 / 状语），优先处理固定搭配。 ▶ 例：make your life fit it better → 更好地适应生活节奏（而非“让你的生活更适合它”）。 3.逻辑整合：调整语序使译文符合中文习惯，避免直译导致的生硬（如被动变主动）。 ▶ 注意调整语序与语态  复合句：先译从句再译主句，符合中文“先因后果 / 先条件后结果”逻辑。  被动语态：省略“被”字或转换主语 英文表达 汉语译文 翻译技巧 The letter was sent.... 信件已寄出 被动语态，省略“被”字 It is believed that... 人们认为 被动语态，转换为主动语态，更符合中文逻辑 4.检查核对：确认语义准确、语法无错、语句通顺，无遗漏信息。 （二）备考重点 1.词汇积累：背诵考纲词汇及高频短语，尤其动词 + 介词搭配（如 look forward to、take part in）。 2.语法强化：重点练习复合句、时态、被动语态的转换，熟悉否定、转折、条件等逻辑句式。 3.真题精练：近 5 年英译汉真题反复演练，总结常见句型与搭配的翻译规律。 4.翻译习惯：避免逐字直译，注重“达意优先、语序适配”，必要时调整词性（如名词转动词）。 【即时训练】 将以下句子翻译成中文 8.She and her research team wanted to know how the Internet is changing memory. __________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】她和她的研究小组想知道互联网是如何改变记忆的。 【解析】research team研究小组；want to know想知道；how引导从句做动词know的宾语；how the Internet is changing memory互联网如何改变记忆。 9.But I'm here to tell you that instead of focusing on doing what we love, we should focus on loving what we do. __________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】但我在这里要告诉你的是，我们应该专注于热爱我们所做的事情，而不是专注于做我们喜欢的事情。 【解析】that引导宾语从句；instead of而不是；focus on 专注于，what we love我们所热爱的事情；what we do 我们所做的事情。 10.As the sun sets, people light up their homes with small lamps and enjoy delicious traditional foods with their loved ones. __________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】当太阳落山时，人们用小灯照亮他们的家，和他们所爱的人一起享受美味的传统食物。 【解析】As引导状语从句，light up 点亮；delicious美味的；traditional foods传统食物；loved所爱的。 11.If you just follow what they ask you to do without any consideration, it is likely that you will be cheated and lose some money. __________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】如果你不加考虑地按照他们的要求去做，你很可能会被欺骗，损失一些钱。 【解析】If引导条件状语从句；what引导宾语从句；without any consideration不加任何思考；it is likely that很可能...; cheat 欺骗。 12.Doctors also advise runners to make sure they are in good health before entering a running race. __________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】医生还建议跑步者在参加跑步比赛前确保身体健康。 【解析】advise sb. to do sth.建议某人做某事；make sure 确保；be in good health处于良好的健康状态；before entering a running race在参加跑步比赛前。 13.For example, suppose a friend wants to borrow some money from you, you say “I wish I could help you but I'm short of money myself” __________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】例如，假设一个朋友想向你借钱，你可以说“我希望我能帮助你，但是我自己缺钱”。 【解析】For example例如；suppose假设；be short of 短缺，缺少。 14.A teenager, rather than trying to rush off the plane like most of the other passengers, stopped to help a woman with disability. __________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】一个十几岁的孩子，没有像其他乘客一样冲下飞机，而是停下来帮助一位残疾妇女。 【解析】“A teenager stopped to help a woman with disability.”为句子主干；“rather than”译为“没有…而是…”，“like most of the other passengers”译为“像其他大多数乘客那样”。 15.He made up his mind to find better ways of making the cartoon move, so that the cartoon characters would seem alive. __________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】他下定决心要找到更好的方法让卡通人物动起来，这样卡通人物就会看起来鲜活。 【解析】make up one's mind 下定决心....; to find better ways of making the cartoon move这里of...为介词短语作后置定语；so that 引导状语从句；alive 活着的。 16.I learned that a fish is a cold-blooded animal and therefore is very sensitive to water temperature. __________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】我知道了鱼是一种冷血动物，因此对水温非常敏感。 【解析】that引导宾语从句；“a fish”是从句中主语，“is”是系动词，“a cold-blooded animal”是表语,“therefore”因此；“be sensitive to”意为“对...敏感”。 【知识点清单三】任务型阅读考点及解题技巧 一、总体考情 任务型阅读为全卷的第七节，考查方式为：给出 1 篇短文（200-300 词，说明文 / 应用文为主），设 4个空，填空要求为每空 1 词，总分4分。 考查 “信息定位→提炼→转换” 能力，答案多为原文关键词的同义替换或词性转换，极少需要原创。 二、考察方向 1.信息筛选能力：题目较为简单，对文章的信息进行筛选，原词填入即可。 2.信息转换能力：题目涉及到词性的转换，同时需要关注词汇同义替换。 3.信息概括能力：对全文或者段落的总体总体掌握，结合空格的特点来归纳总结。 三、高频考点 考点类型 核心要求 真题示例 1.关键词定位 根据题干/表格线索，快速找到原文对应句 （2022年第59题）Here are some pieces of advice to help you save the earth.→ How to_______the earth.【该空格位于答题区的主旨部分，快速定位到关键句，原文save the earth，直接填入答案save】 2.词性转换 按空格语法要求（名词/动词/副词），转换原文词形 （2023年第61题）原文Americans like a firm handshake. → Americans like to shake hands_______.【句式表达上a firm handshake名词短语变动词短语shake hands，缺词firm形容词变副词firmly】 3.同义替换 同根词的表达转换 （2023年）原文you’ll be a better communicator→ you can _______more smoothly and effectively 【表达上a better communicator名词短语变动词短语communicate more smoothly and effectively，缺词填communicate，语义不变】 主被动转换 （2020年第59题）原文Your habits will decide whether you are successful or not.→ Whether you succeed or not is_______by your habits.【句式表达上主动语态转为被动语态，缺词填过去分词decided】 不同用词的替换 will have a great effect on...→ will_______affect...【动词短语have effect on 替换为动词affect，原great形容词修饰名词，替换后需要用副词性greatly修饰动词】 4.内容概括 补词型概括 （需要增加原文没有的词汇） （2022年第61题）Take a bus. Taking a bus saves a lot of oil every year.→ Take a bus_______of driving a car.【原文“搭乘公交车每年可以节省不少油”，暗指私家车消耗更多油，增出 instead of 短语，体现原文态度，答案为instead】 对原文信息简要总结 （不需要创词，但原文的原句参考包含多句，需要概括） （2020年第61题）原文 How to develop positive habits? There's nothing easier than developing positive habits. You simply have to do it every day. If you want to develop the habit of` reading, read every day. Habits are created by repetition. The more you do an action, the easier it becomes in the long run.→ To create positive habits, you need to _______them.【需结合原文片段及关键词repetition，综合性总结答案为repeat】 四、解题技巧 1.审题划线索 快速浏览表格 “标题 + 空格前后内容”，划出关键词（名词、动词、数字、专有名词），明确空格需填“词性”（名词 / 动词 / 副词）和“语义方向”。 例：表格“Westerners usually stand up and then ______ hands”，关键词 “Westerners”“hands”，空格需填动词（与 hands 搭配）。 2.定位原文句 按“顺序出题原则”（题目顺序≈原文段落顺序），用关键词快速扫描原文，锁定对应句子。 技巧：若关键词被同义替换（如 “important”→“necessary”），需关注语义关联；数字、地名、人名可直接定位。 例：关键词“Frenchman”“handshake”，定位原文“the French prefer a light, short handshake”。 3.提炼 + 转换 若原文有直接对应词，优先提取（注意词性匹配）： 例如： ▶ 原文“communicate”（动词），空格前是“can”，直接填“communicate”。 若需词性转换，按语法要求变形。 ▶ 原文“firm（形容词）”，空格修饰动词“shake”，填副词“firmly”。 若需同义替换，选原文核心语义的 1 词表达。 ▶ 原文“bowing rather than shaking hands”，空格需动词，填“bow”。 4.核对验证 检查以下三点内容：① 词性是否正确（如副词修饰动词、名词作主语）；② 语义是否匹配原文；③ 拼写无错误（中职核心词拼写简单，避免笔误）。 例：空格填“appreciated”，需确认原文“Westerners appreciate...”，空格是被动语态，过去分词形式正确。 【即时训练】 Generation Z makes up the majority of college students. Just as the Millennials(千一代) before them, this generation shifts the way learning happens in higher education. But the differences go beyond just greater dependence on technology. Generation Z is the driving force behind innovation(创新) in learning styles, tools and resources. And they're proving that college is headed in the direction of a more learner-centered environment. A study shows today's students, refuse to be passive learners. They aren’t interested in simply showing up for class and taking notes that they’ll memorize for an exam later on. Instead, they want a fully immersive(沉浸式的)educational experience and they even enjoy the challenges of being pat of it. 51% of the Gen Z’ers surveyed said they learned best by doing while only 12% said they learned through listening. And as “digital” generation: Generation Z expects digital learning tools to be deeply integrated into their education. Technology has always been seen in every part of their lives.They don't think education should be any different and believe they should be able to connect academic experiences to personal experiences through these same tools. Additionally these learning tools should be available on demand. For them learning isn’t limited to just the classroom. It's something that can take place at anytime, anywhere.Finally, access t unlimited new information has created a more self-supporting and career-driven generation.In fact, 13% of Gen Z'ers already have their own business. And many are even taking this spirit to drive changes in college courses, as they show a strong interest in designing their own: learning path in college. For those who haven’t started one quite yet, early preparation is still key. Actually, nearly half of high school students have taken at least one class that counts as college credit. Generation Z’s Innovations in Digital Learning Refuse to be passive learners Instead of____17____for an exam after class, they want to immerse themselves in the learning process. Expect digital learning tools to be part of their lives 51% of the surveyed achieved a____18____result in learning by 60 doing than learning through listening They think academic experiences and personal experiences should be____19____ They hope they can learn anytime: anywhere with the learning tools. Be more self-supporting and career-driven learners Some of them have started their own business. They drive changes in college courses and want to be____20____of their own learning path. 【答案】17.preparing/memorizing 18.better 19.connected/combined 20.designers 【导语】这是一篇说明文，介绍Z 世代作为大学生主体，推动高等教育向以学习者为中心转型，其拒绝被动学习、依赖数字工具、注重自主与职业导向的特点，重塑了学习模式。 【解析】 17.preparing/memorizing 定位原文：“They aren’t interested in simply showing up for class and taking notes that they’ll memorize for an exam later on.”题干中“instead of”后需接动名词，对应原文“memorize”的动名词形式“memorizing”，表示“为考试而记忆（笔记）”，或者用preparing也符合for an exam的搭配。 18.better 定位原文：“51% of the Gen Z’ers surveyed said they learned best by doing while only 12% said they learned through listening.” 原文明确 “通过实践学习效果最好”，即 “实践学习比听讲获得更好的结果”，故填 “better”。 19.connected/combined 定位原文：“believe they should be able to connect academic experiences to personal experiences through these same tools.” 题干中 “be + 过去分词” 表被动，对应原文 “connect” 的过去分词“connected”，表示 “学术经历与个人经历应被关联”，combined亦可。 20.designers 定位原文：“they show a strong interest in designing their own learning path in college.”题干中“be + 名词”表身份，“design”的名词形式“designer”需用复数（对应“they”），故填“designers”，表示“成为自己学习路径的设计者”。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $