魔力祈使句：一句话让你言出法随-【中职专用】语法专项突破课件

魔力祈使句：一句话让你言出法随 语法 中职英语 1 目录 Contents 01. 揭秘时刻：什么是祈使句？ 02. 结构工厂：祈使句的否定 03. 家族成员：Do Be Let No 无动词 04. 对话艺术：花式回答 05. 总结与思维导图 06. 祈使句检测营 2 01 揭秘时刻：什么是祈使句？ 3 Lead in Please be carefully, Daddy pig. I know what I’m doing. Please be carefully! George,be carefully, not to knock anything over. Be carefully, Daddy pig. Don’t slip and fall! I ‘ll be fine. 4 祈使句生活定义与功能 定义 祈使句是一种特殊的句子，用来下达命令、提出请求、给出建议或发出邀请。这种句子的核心功能是让某人做某事。 特点 祈使句直接以动词原形开头，通常省略主语you，时态为一般将来时。它直接、有力，并且常常带有感叹号（！），语调上扬则显得亲切，下降则显得威严。 例句 Stop talking! Please pass me the milk. Stop talking! Please pass me the milk. 5 四大场景例句速览 请求 在奶茶摊前，你可以礼貌地说Please give me a mango pomelo sago!这是一种请求，希望对方满足你的需求。 邀请 在游戏群里呼唤小伙伴，邀请他一起加入战局，充满互动和乐趣 Join us for the online game! We need one more player. 命令 在红绿灯路口，交警会喊Stop! The light is red! 这是一种命令，要求司机立即停车，以保证交通安全。 建议 下班后，向同事或朋友发出充满诱惑的提议，带有兴奋和期待。 Let's go and try that new hot pot restaurant after work! 6 02 家族成员：Do Be Let No 无动词 7 Do型与Be型实战 Do型祈使句 Do型祈使句是最基础的形式，以动词原形开头。 Bring your umbrella with you. It might rain this afternoon. Listen carefully to the instructions before you start the game. Practice your English words for 30 minutes every day. Be型祈使句 Be型祈使句以Be + 形容词/名词构成，用来要求对方处于某种状态。 Be brave and try the spicy hot pot! Be a good listener when your friend is sharing her problems. Be careful! The floor is wet. 8 Let型与No型标语 Let型祈使句 Let型祈使句的结构是Let + 宾语 + 动词原形。Let him try to solve this puzzle by himself. Let's check if we can buy tickets for Taylor Swift's concert online. Let me help you fix your computer. No型祈使句 No型标语以No + 动名词/名词构成，用来表示禁止。 No photos in the museum! No phones during our study time! No touching! The machine is very hot. 9 无动词缩略句 无动词缩略句 无动词缩略句是一种极端简洁的形式，只用名词、形容词或副词单独成句。 This way, please! 在餐厅等场景中常用来引导方向。 Eyes front!（向前看！）体育老师在上课整队时，发出简短有力的指令。 Careful! The stairs are slippery.看到朋友或老人正要走下湿滑的楼梯时，你脱口而出的紧急提醒。 10 03 结构工厂：祈使句的否定 11 祈使句的否定法则 否定祈使句结构 Never的用法 否定祈使句的基本结构是Don’t + 动词原形 + 其他。 例如 Don’t run in the hallway. 用来禁止某种行为。 Never + 动词原形是一种强调形式，表示强烈的禁止。 比如，Never touch the red button! 语气比Don’t更强烈。 12 04 对话艺术：花式回答 13 肯定回答接受邀请 规则 当别人用Let’s或Please提出邀请时，可以用Good idea! 或Sounds great! 来表示接受。 例句一：回应请求 A: Please help me take a photo with this poster of the Olympic champions. B: Sure! 例句二：回应建议 A: We should practice the English dialogue one more time. B: Okay, let's start from the beginning. 例句三：回应指令 Mom: Finish your homework before watching any cartoons. Child: No problem! I'll do it right now. 例句四：回应邀请 A: Come and join our basketball game! We're one person short. B: Sounds fun! I'm in. 14 否定回答缓冲拒绝 规则 当需要拒绝时，可以用Wait a minute, I’ m coming.或I wont, dont worry.来缓冲。 例句一：无法满足请求时 A: Help me translate this long article, it's urgent! B: I'm afraid I can't right now. I have to finish my own homework first. 例句四：无法接受邀请时 例句三：婉拒建议时（表达不同想法） 例句二：无法立即执行指令时 Mom: Turn off the TV and come for dinner immediately! Child: Okay, okay! Let me just finish this last level in the game! A: Let's ask the teacher to postpone the test. B: I'm not sure that's a good idea. She might get angry. A: Come to karaoke with us tonight! B: I'd love to, but I have to get up very early tomorrow for a trip. 15 05 总结与思维导图 16 自主回忆总结 祈 使 句 定义 分类 回答 祈使句的否定 祈使句是一种特殊的句子，用来下达________、_______、________或________。 __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ 否定回答 肯定回答 17 祈使句思维导图 祈 使 句 定义 分类 回答 祈使句的否定 祈使句是一种特殊的句子，用来下达命令、提出请求、给出建议或发出邀请。 be型祈使句 no型祈使句 do型祈使句 let型祈使句 无动词型祈使句 Don’t / Never + 动词原形 + 其他。 否定回答 肯定回答 Good idea! Sounds great!... Wait a minute. I’ m coming. I wont, dont worry.... 以动词原形开头。 Let + 宾语 + 动词原形。 Be + 形容词/名词构成 No + 动名词/名词构成 用名词、形容词或副词单独成句。 18 06 祈使句检测营 19 1. — I'm sorry I broke your cup. — Oh, really? ______ A. It doesn't matter. B. Don't be sorry. C. Not at all. D. You're welcome. 2. It's too dark here. Please ______ the light. A. turn on B. turning on C. to turn on D. turned on 3. — Don't forget to bring your ID c4. ______ in the river! It's too dangerous. A. No swim B. Not swim C. Don't swim D. No swimming 4. ______ in the river! It's too dangerous. A. No swim B. Not swim C. Don't swim D. No swimming 5. — Let's go and watch the new sci-fi movie this weekend! — ______ A. Thank you. B. Good idea! C. You're right. D. Don't worry. 20 6. — The box looks very heavy. — Yes. ______ you with it? A. Let me help B. Let me to help C. Let I help D. Let me helping 7. ______ patient when you are teaching your little sister. A. Do B. To be C. Be D. Being 8. Which sign is often seen in a library? A. No Parking. B. No Talking. C. No Entry. D. No Photos. 9. ______ to me! I have an important secret to tell you. A. Listen B. Listening C. To listen D. Listened 10. — Please don't take my new comic book without asking. — ______ A. Sorry, I won't. B. Yes, I will. C. No, I don't. D. Sure, I will. 21 答案与解析 A。 解析：当对方道歉时，应回答 "It doesn't matter."（没关系）来表示原谅。B选项 "Don't be sorry." 虽然是祈使句，但在此语境下不如A选项自然和礼貌。 A。 解析：祈使句的肯定形式以动词原形开头。Please 后面直接加动词原形，表示礼貌的请求。 3.A。 解析：对于 "Don't forget..." 这样的否定祈使句，其肯定回答应为 "I won't (forget)."，表示“我不会（忘记）的”。 4.C。 解析：表示“不要做某事”应用否定祈使句 "Don't + 动词原形"。D选项 "No swimming" 是标语形式，但前面有主语 "It"，后面用 "Don't swim" 构成完整的句子更合适。 5.B。 解析：对于 "Let's..." 开头的建议，表示赞同应用 "Good idea!"（好主意！）。A和D不符合语境。 6.A。 解析："Let me help" 是提出帮助的正确形式，结构为 "Let + 宾语 + 动词原形"。 7.C。 解析：这是Be型祈使句，以动词原形 "Be" 开头，后接形容词 "patient"。 8.B。 解析：在图书馆最常见的提示是 "No Talking"（禁止交谈），以保持安静。A是“禁止停车”，C是“禁止入内”，D是“禁止拍照” 9.A。 解析：这是一个典型的Do型祈使句，以动词原形 "Listen" 开头，表示命令或请求。 10.A。 解析：对于 "Please don't..." 这样的否定请求，应道歉并保证不会再犯。"Sorry, I won't." 是最恰当的回答。 22 Thank You 23 $