攻克宾语从句，学会“转述”的魔法-【中职专用】语法专项突破课件

攻克宾语从句：学会“转述”的魔法 语法 中职英语 1 目录 CONTENTS 01 宾语身份大揭秘 02 句中句概念入门 03 第一钥匙引导词 04 第二钥匙陈述语序 05 第三钥匙时态呼应 06 特殊结构警示 2 目录 CONTENTS 07 形式宾语it 08 思维导图回顾 09 检测营地闯关 3 Lead in 4 01 宾语身份大揭秘 5 宾语就是动作承受者 宾语定义 宾语是动作的承受者。 例如I love music.中，music就是宾语，是love动作的承受对象。 宾语通常位于及物动词或介词之后。 宾语位置 My mother knows her. I enjoy playing basketball. Please tell me where you are.  6 名词作宾语 宾语就是动作承受者 宾语类型 宾语可以是名词、代词、动词不定式、动名词，也可以是一个完整的句子。 She bought a new Huawei phone.  代词作宾语 Can you help me?  动词不定式作宾语 动名词作宾语 He wants to sleep. She practices speaking English every day.   I think that he is a good person.  宾语从句 7 02 句中句概念入门 8 完整句子充当宾语 01 宾语从句定义 当一个句子在另一个句子中充当宾语时，这个句子就叫宾语从句。 Do you know if Guangtouqiang finally caught the bears this week? You can't believe whom I saw on the street yesterday. I know that the milk tea shop is over there. 9 完整句子充当宾语 02 宾语从句的结构 主句+引导词+从句 I hear that the singer Zhou Shen will hold a concert in Beijing. 主句 引导词 从句 10 03 第一钥匙引导词 11 从属连词that that引导陈述句 当宾语从句是陈述句时，用that引导，其中that无含义，不做成分，可省略。例如I think (that) this Huawei phone is cool. 宾语从句引导词 that 专项练习 1. Our English teacher says ______ watching American cartoons can help us learn English. A. if B. what C. that D. how 2. I believe ______ the final exam will be easier than we think. A. that B. what C. if D. when 3. Everyone knows ______ her best friend got a new Huawei phone. A. if B. that C. what D. why 答案: 1. C 2. A 3. B 12 if与whether是否关卡 if/whether引导一般疑问句 当宾语从句是一般疑问句时，用if或whether引导，表示是否。 例如I wonder if my idol will come or not.中，if表示不确定的含义。 只用whether不用if的场景 1. 在介词后面作宾语时 We are talking about whether we should have a party this weekend. 2. 后面直接跟 or not 时 I don't know whether or not she is telling the truth. 3. 与动词不定式连用时 Can you tell me whether to turn left or right? 4. 当从句位于句首时 Whether he will come to my birthday party, I don't care. 口诀：介、or not、to do、在句首，只用 whether 不用 if。 13 if与whether随堂练 1. I'm not sure ______ I should believe his story. 2. We had a long discussion about ______ this plan is practical. 3. The first question is ______ or not they can finish the work on time. 4. Please let me know ______ to accept the job offer. 5. ______ they will support us is still unknown. 答案： 1.whether / if 2. whether 3. whether 4. whether 5. Whether 14 wh-疑问疑问代词与疑问副词 wh-疑问词代词 疑问代词what, who, whose, whom, which Do you know what he is eating? I don't know who she is. wh-疑问副词 疑问副词how, where, why, when 例如Can you tell me where the nearest subway station is? Can you ask him how he goes to school? 15 wh-疑问疑问代词与疑问副词随堂练 1. I don't know ______ he is looking for. 2. Can you tell me ______ the library is? 3. Do you know ______ they go to school? 4. Please guess ______ is knocking at the door. 5. I wonder ______ we will have the meeting. 答案： 1. what 2. where 3. how 4. who 5. when 16 04 第二钥匙陈述语序 17 不倒装是铁律 宾语从句的语序 宾语从句必须使用陈述语序，即引导词 + 主语 + 谓语 + 其他。 例如I don’t know where the library is. 改错随堂练 1. Could you tell me where is the canteen? —————————————— 2. I don't know what is your favorite movie. —————————————— 3. Do you remember when did we first meet? —————————————— 答案： 1. Could you tell me where the canteen is? 2. I don't know what your favorite movie is. 3. Do you remember when we first met? 18 05 第三钥匙时态呼应 19 主过从过与例外真理 呼应性原则 当主句的谓语动词是过去时态时，从句的谓语动词也需要用相应的过去类时态。 My teacher said we would have a test today. 需要性原则 特殊性原则 当宾语从句表示客观真理、自然现象或习惯性动作时，时态保持不变，用一般现在时。 The teacher said the earth goes around the sun. 当主句的谓语动词是现在时或将来时，从句的谓语动词根据句子需要可用任何时态。 I have heard that he will come tomorrow. 20 宾语从句时态随堂练 1. My father says (that) he ______ this car in 2010. (buy) 2. She said (that) she ______ a video call with me later. (make) 3. The teacher told us (that) the sun ______ in the east. (rise) 4. He said (that) he ______ a movie when I called him. (watch) 5. I thought (that) you ______ your homework already. (finish) 答案： 1. bought 2.would make 3. rises 4. was watching 5. had finished 21 06 特殊结构警示 22 否定转移与礼貌缓冲 否定转移的使用场景 当主句谓语是think、believe、suppose等词，且主语为第一人称时，常将从句的否定词转移到主句上。I don’t think you are right. （我认为你是错的） 否定前移随堂练 1. I don‘t think he forgot the meeting. ———————————————— 2. 我认为他不会迟到。 ———————————————— 3. We don’t believe the story is true. ———————————————— 我认为他没有忘记那个会议。 I don‘t think he will be late. 我们相信这个故事不是真的。 23 07 形式宾语it 24 形式宾语it 01 形式宾语it的使用场景 当宾语从句很长，后面又有宾语补足语时，常用it作形式宾语，而将真正的宾语从句后置。 I find it necessary that we learn English every day. 02 形式宾语it的结构 形式宾语it的结构为主语 + 谓语 + it + 宾补 + that从句。 We consider it important that young workers master digital skills. 形式宾语 真正宾语（后置） 25 08 思维导图回顾 26 自主回忆与总结 宾 语 从 句 含义 结构 引导词 语序 时态 否定转移 形式宾语 宾语定义 宾语从句定义 __________ ____________ ______________________________。 从属连词_______ _______与_______ _______与_______ _____语序 _____原则 _____原则 _____原则 当主句谓语是_____,_____,_____等词，且主语为_______时，常将从句的否定词转移到主句上。 27 宾语从句思维导图 宾 语 从 句 含义 结构 引导词 语序 时态 否定转移 形式宾语 宾语定义 宾语从句定义 主句+引导词+从句 宾语是动作的承受者 当一个句子在另一个句子中充当宾语时，这个句子就叫宾语从句。 从属连词that 疑问疑问代词与疑问副词 if与whether 陈述语序 需要性原则 呼应性原则 特殊性原则 当主句谓语是think、believe、suppose等词，且主语为第一人称时，常将从句的否定词转移到主句上。 当宾语从句很长，后面又有宾语补足语时，常用it作形式宾语，而将真正的宾语从句后置。 28 09 检测营地闯关 29 十道单选覆盖全考点 Could you tell me ________? A. where is the new milk tea shop B. where the new milk tea shop is C. the new milk tea shop is where D. where the new milk tea shop 2. I think ________ my phone is on the desk. A. that B. what C. if D. how 3. He said he ________ a famous basketball player on the street yesterday. A. sees B. saw C. has seen D. is seeing 4. We talked about ________ we should join the club. A. that B. if C. whether D. what 5. Do you know ________ is singing next door? A. who B. whom C. which D. when 30 6. I ________ she will come to the party. A. think not B. not think C. don’t think D. think doesn’t 7. The teacher said water ________ at 100 degrees. A. boils B. boiled C. will boil D. is boiling 8. I’m not sure ________ he is telling the truth or not. A. if B. that C. whether D. why 9. I find ________ interesting that we can learn English by watching cartoons. A. that B. this C. it D. what 10. Please show me ________ you did that magic trick. A. that B. how C. what D. which 31 答案与解析 B。宾语从句必须用陈述语序，即“引导词+主语+谓语”。 A。从句是完整陈述句，用that引导（口语中常省略）。 B。主句“said”为过去时，从句动作也发生在过去，需用一般过去时saw。 C。在介词about后，表示“是否”只能用whether。 A。从句缺少主语，指人，用疑问代词who。 C。考查否定前移：当主句谓语为think等词且主语为第一人称时，否定常在主句，用don’t think。 A。从句为客观真理（水在100度沸腾），时态不受主句过去影响，用一般现在时boils。 C。从句中有“or not”直接紧跟，通常用whether。 C。考查形式宾语it，真正宾语是后面的that从句。 B。从句缺少方式状语，表示“如何做”，用疑问副词how。 32 THANK YOU 感谢您的观看 33 $