现在完成时全场景通关-【中职专用】语法专项突破课件

2025-12-02
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现在完成时全场景通关 语法 中职英语 1 目录 Contents 01. 双层含义秒懂 02. 结构时间轴 03. 动词变化表 04. 标志词全解 05. 延续非延续 06. to gone in 三连 07. 与一般过去对比 08. 总结与检测 2 Lead in You've grown one strawberry. Cheeky(厚脸皮的) little birds have eaten all the rest. Have you come to pick strawberries? Yes, Miss rabbit . Then you've come to the right place. Have you picked a lot of strawberries? Hello birdies , have you come to eat the strawberries? Perhaps they have just eaten too many. Yes I think I've eaten too many ooooh. They have just arrived at the strawberry farm. I see you've picked a lot of strawberries. I think we've had our fill strawberries. 3 01 双层含义秒懂 4 过去动作影响现在 含义一:过去动作影响现在 表示过去完成的动作对现在造成影响或结果。 例句展示 Zhang Weili has won the match—she now has millions of fans. (张伟丽卫冕成功,她已收获无数粉丝。) Shenzhou-17 has landed, so the crew are stepping out. (神舟十七号已返回,航天员正在出舱。) 这种用法强调过去动作的直接后果,结果是现在可以观察到的。体现了现在完成时在描述因果关系时的实用性。 5 过去动作持续至今 含义二:过去动作持续至今 表示从过去开始并持续到现在的动作或状态 例句拓展 这种用法强调动作的持续性和未完成性,常与for/since时间状语搭配。 展示了现在完成时在描述长期持续动作时的应用,强调动作从过去开始一直延续到现在。 Quan Hongchan has trained for ten years and still keeps going. (全红婵练跳水已十年,她仍在坚持。) China’s high-speed rail has operated for 15 years and is still running. (中国高铁已运行十五年,今天依旧飞驰。) 6 02 结构时间轴 7 have/has done公式 结构公式 时间轴示意图 现在完成时的基本结构为主语+have/has+过去分词。 Wang Yibo has released a new song. (王一博已发行新歌) 例句展示 8 03 动词变化表 9 规则与不规则变化 规则变化一:直接加ed 一般情况下,直接在动词原形后加ed fail-failed,look-looked, jump-jumped, work-worked, kill-lilled 规则变化二:以e结尾加d 以e结尾时,直接加d like—liked, use-used, close-closed, dance-danced, save-saved 规则变化三:辅y变i加ed 以辅音字母+y结尾时,变y为i再加ed carry—carried, study → studied, try → tried, worry → worried 不规则变化 如cut—cut—cut、go—went—gone、see—saw—seen。这些动词的变化形式需要单独记忆。 规则变化四: 以重读闭音结尾(辅元辅),双写辅音字母后加ed plan → planned, prefer → preferred, regret → regretted, drop → dropprd 10 答案 小练笔 teach (教) _______ _______ 2.think (想,思考) _______ ______ 3.build (建造) _______ _______ 4.feel (感觉) _______ _______ 5.keep (保持) _______ _______ 6.mean (意思是) _______ _______ 7.catch (抓住) _______ _______ 8.pay (支付) _______ _______ 9.find (找到) _______ _______ 10.wear (穿) _______ _______ 11.lose (丢失) _______ _______ 12.stand (站立) _______ _______ 13.spend (花费) _______ _______ 14.understand (理解) _______ _______ 15.bring (带来) _______ _______ taught, taught thought, thought built, built felt, felt kept, kept meant, meant caught, caught paid, paid found, found wore, worn lost, lost stood, stood spent, spent understood, understood brought, brought 11 04 标志词全解 12 already, yet ,ever, never already的用法 already(已经)用于肯定句,表示动作已经完成。 例如,中国女足已晋级世界杯,英文表达为:China’s women’s football team has already qualified for the World Cup. yet的用法 yet(还/还没)用于否定句和疑问句,表示动作尚未完成,常位于句末。 例如,Has the train arrived yet? ever的用法 ever (曾经) 主要用于疑问句中,询问对方“是否曾经有过某种经历” 例如,Have you ever eaten Chinese dumplings? never的用法 never (从未)用于否定句中,表示“从未有过某种经历”。它本身已经表示否定,所以句子中不能再出现 "not"。 例如,I have never visited the Great Wall. 13 just, before, so far just的用法 just(刚刚)表示动作刚刚完成。 例如,Sorry, I can't go out. I have just started my homework. 这种用法强调动作的即时性,常用于描述最近发生的事情。 before的用法 before(曾经,以前)用于疑问句,表示是否曾经经历过某事,常位于句末。 例如,I have read this book before. It's very interesting. 这种用法常用于询问过去的经历,强调动作的过去性。 so far的用法 so far (到目前为止/迄今为止),示从过去的某个时间点开始,一直持续到说话这一刻的情况总结。 例如,So far, we have learned 500 English words. 14 for和since for的用法 for+时间段,表示一段时间。用于表示动作持续多长时间。 例如,She has learned to cook for a long time. I have lived in this city for five years. since的用法 since+过去时间(自从...)用于表示动作开始的时间点。 例如,Yangzi River Bridge has stood since 1957. since+一段时间+ago(自从多久之前)表示某个动作或状态是从“多久以前”开始的,并且一直持续到了现在。 例如,We have been best friends since five years ago. He has learned to play the guitar since three months ago, and now he can play a full song! since+从句(自从)表示动作或状态从“从句描述的那个过去时刻”开始,一直持续到现在。 例如,I have lived in this city since my family moved here. She has made great progress in English since she started watching English cartoons. 15 其他时间状语 次数时间状语的用法 如once/twice/three times(几次)用于表示动作发生的次数,常位于句末。 例如,Gu Ailing has won gold three times. 这种用法强调动作的重复性,适用于描述多次发生的动作。 in the past+时间段的用法 in the past+时间段(在过去的多长时间里...) 用于强调近期完成的动作。 例如,They have built many buildings in the past three years. 无标志句的用法 无标志句通过语境表达结果,不依赖时间状语。 例如,I have lost my key—I can’t enter. 这种用法强调语境自带的结果,适用于描述显而易见的后果。 all one’s life all one’s life(终其一生)它表示“从出生到现在”的整个时间段,强调某个状态或动作持续了整整一生。 例如,My grandfather has lived in this small town all his life. He knows everyone here. 16 05 延续非延续 17 动词分类与转换 延续性动词 延续性动词表示可以持续的动作,用于现在完成时,常与for/since时间状语连用。例如,He has kept the book for a week. 这种用法强调动作的持续性,适用于描述从过去开始一直延续到现在的动作。 非延续性动词 非延续性动词表示瞬间完成的动作,不可直接接时间段状语。例如,borrow表示瞬间动作,不可用于现在完成时结构。 动词的转换 许多非延续性动词可通过转换为延续性动词来表达持续状态。 例如,borrow转换为keep,die转换为be dead。 18 06 to gone in 三连 19 have been to gone in have been to的用法 have been to表示曾经去过某地,现在已回,强调经验。 例如,I have been to Shenzhen. (我去过深圳。)这种用法适用于描述过去的经历,不强调是否仍在该地。 have gone to的用法 have gone to表示已经去了某地,未回,强调人不在这里。 例如,I have gone to Shenzhen. (我已经去深圳了。)这种用法适用于描述某人已经前往某地,但尚未返回。 have been in的用法 have been in表示在某地持续一段时间,强调状态的持续性。例如,I have been in Shenzhen for a week. (我已经在深圳待了一周了。)这种用法适用于描述从过去开始一直延续到现在的状态。 20 07 与一般过去对比 21 同句对照 一般过去时的用法 一般过去时用于描述过去发生的具体事件,常与具体时间状语连用。这种用法强调动作在过去某个具体时间发生,不涉及现在。 He joined the basketball team two years ago.(他两年前加入了篮球队。) 只告诉我们“加入”这个动作发生在两年前。至于他现在是否还在队里,是不是已经退出了,我们不知道。 现在完成时的用法 现在完成时用于描述过去动作对现在的影响或持续到现在的动作。这种用法强调动作的完成性或持续性,适用于描述影响现在的情况或持续的动作。 He has joined the basketball team.(他加入了篮球队。) 强调他现在是篮球队的一员。他的身份和状态从加入那一刻起一直持续到现在。 22 08 总结与检测 23 自主回忆与总结 现 在 完 成 时 含义 结构 动词变化规则 现在完成时与一般过去时区分 to go in 短语区分 延续非延续 时态标志词 不规则变化 规则变化 24 现在完成时思维导图 现 在 完 成 时 含义 结构 动词变化规则 现在完成时与一般过去时区分 to go in 短语区分 延续非延续 时态标志词 过去动作影响现在 过去动作持续至今 主语+have/has+过去分词。 规则变化:直接加ed;以e结尾加d;辅y变i加ed;以重读闭音结尾(辅元辅),双写辅音字母后加ed 不规则变化 already, yet ,ever, never,just, before, so far... die-be dead; borrow-keep; buy-have... have/has been to去过已回;have/has gone to去了未回; have/has been in待了多久 强调过去和强调现在 25 选择闯关检测题 1. — Would you like to go to the new science museum with me this weekend? — Sorry, I ______ already ______ it. It's really amazing, but I'd like to go again! A. have...visited B. had...visited C. will...visit D. do...visit 2. This is the best computer game I ______. A. have ever played B. had ever played C. ever played D. was ever playing 3. — ______ your brother ______ his lost watch? — Yes, he ______ it this morning in his backpack. A. Has...found; has found B. Has...found; found C. Did...find; has found D. Did...find; found 4. My family ______ in this apartment ______ we came to the city. A. has lived; since B. lived; for C. has lived; for D. lived; since 5. She ______ as a volunteer at the community center for three months, and she loves it. A. works B. has worked C. is working D. worked 26 6. — Hi, Mike! What's wrong? You look tired. — I ______ well recently. A. don't sleep B. haven't slept C. didn't sleep D. wasn't sleeping 7. He is nervous because he ______ never ______ a speech in front of so many people before. A. has...given B. had...given C. does...give D. did...give 8. — How many letters ______ you ______ to your pen pal this year? — About five. A. do...write B. did...write C. have...written D. are...writing 9. I ______ my key, so I can't get into the house now. I need to call my mom. A. lose B. lost C. have lost D. was losing 10. — Is your father at home? — No, he ______ to Beijing on business. He ______ back in three days. A. has been; will be B. has gone; will be C. went; was D. goes; is 27 答案与解析 A 解析:对话中“already”是现在完成时的标志,表示“已经参观过”,且这个经历影响现在(知道它很棒,并愿意再去)。 A 解析:“This is the best...” 是目前得出的结论,需要用现在完成时“have ever played”来总结从过去到现在所有的游戏经历。 B 解析:问句询问是否找到,强调对现在的影响(是否有表),用现在完成时“Has...found”。答句中“this morning”是明确的过去时间点,应用一般过去时“found”。 A 解析:主句动作“has lived”从过去(we came)持续到现在,需用现在完成时。后接时间状语从句,表示起点,用“since”。 B 解析:“for three months”表示一段时间,且句末“and she loves it”说明该状态持续至今并影响现在,所以用现在完成时。 6.B 解析:“recently”是现在完成时的典型时间状语,表示从近期到现在的一段时间。同时,“You look tired”是现在的结果,与“最近没睡好”直接相关。 7.A 解析:“before”在此句中意为“在此之前”,指从过去到说话此刻的人生经历,与“never”搭配,需用现在完成时。 8.C 解析:时间状语“this year”是包含现在时间在内的一年,询问从今年年初到此刻的动作总和,应用现在完成时。 9.C 解析:“丢钥匙”虽是过去动作,但对现在造成直接影响“现在进不去门”,所以用现在完成时。 10.B 解析:“has gone to”表示“已经去了某地(现在不在这里)”,符合语境。“He will be back”是将来时,表示他将回来的动作。 28 Thank You 29 $

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现在完成时全场景通关-【中职专用】语法专项突破课件
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现在完成时全场景通关-【中职专用】语法专项突破课件
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现在完成时全场景通关-【中职专用】语法专项突破课件
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现在完成时全场景通关-【中职专用】语法专项突破课件
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现在完成时全场景通关-【中职专用】语法专项突破课件
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现在完成时全场景通关-【中职专用】语法专项突破课件
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