U2L3 Nature and Science-Alexander Bell's Greatest Invention（同步练习）-《英语 第二册》（劳保版 第三版）《上好课》（原卷版+解析版）

《英语 第二册》(劳保版 第三版） Unit 2 Nature and Science Lesson 3 Alexander Bell's Greatest Invention同步过关练习 一、重点单词 1._____________ v. 发明 2._____________ n. 装置 3._____________ n. 光束 4._____________ v. 传输 5._____________ v. 振动 6._____________ adj. 敏感的 7._____________ n. 信号 8._____________ n. 来源 9._____________ adj. 恒定的 10._____________ v. 使气馁 二、重点短语 11.依赖于 __________________ 12.一束光 __________________ 13.even though __________________ 14.确信 __________________ 15.转变为 __________________ 三、重点句型和交际用语 A. 根据中文提示，补全对话。 16.（谈论新员工报到） A: Good morning. I’m George Smith. I’m going to work here today. B: Ah, George. Come with me. I will ________ _______ ________ ___________（带你看你的办公室）. 17.（谈论工作任务） A: What must I do this morning? B: You ________ ________ _________ __________（必须阅读那些邮件）in the computer. B. 选择正确的选项完成对话。 18.A: Who invented the telephone? B: Most people know ________ Bell who invented it. A. it is B. it was C. it has been D. it will be 19.A: Need I read all the emails? B: Yes, you ________ answer all of them, either by email or over telephone. A. can B. may C. must D. will 四、英语知识运用 20.Alexander Graham Bell ________ the telephone in the United States. A. discovered B. invented C. found D. created 21.The photo phone ________ a beam of sunlight to carry sounds. A. used B. uses C. is using D. has used 22.Bell believed that people would one day talk ________ beams of light. A. use B. used C. using D. to use 23.The vibrations of his voice caused the mirror ________. A. vibrate B. to vibrate C. vibrating D. vibrated 24.The light sensitive cell ________ the light patterns into electric signals. A. changed B. was changed C. is changed D. has changed 25.Many students want to ________ the differences between American English and British English. A. know B. know about C. understand D. learn 26.The computer ________ by George before the technician came. A. has been repaired B. had been repaired C. was repaired D. is repaired 27.A new system ________ by the engineers now. We can expect it soon. A. is developed B. is being developed C. was developed D. has been developed 28.Our country is rich in natural ________ like coal and oil. A. sources B. resources C. materials D. energies 五、词汇辨析 29.Bell didn't ________ the difficulties and continued his experiments. A. encourage B. discourage C. discover D. invent 30.This river is the ________ of water for the whole city. A. resource B. source C. origin D. cause 31.Marie Curie ________ radium, which was a new element. A. invented B. discovered C. created D. made 32.We ________ each other since we were children. A. know about B. have known C. knew D. are knowing 33.All the exam papers ________ to the students by the teacher yesterday. A. are given out B. were given out C. gave out D. have been given out 34.The company ________ a new type of electric car which is more efficient. A. is developed B. has developed C. is being developed D. was developed 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 《英语 第二册》(劳保版 第三版） Unit 2 Nature and Science Lesson 3 Alexander Bell's Greatest Invention同步过关练习 一、重点单词 1.invent v. 发明 2.device n. 装置 3.beam n. 光束 4.transmit v. 传输 5.vibrate v. 振动 6.sensitive adj. 敏感的 7.signal n. 信号 8.source n. 来源 9.constant adj. 恒定的 10.discourage v. 使气馁 二、重点短语 11.依赖于 depend on 12.一束光 a beam of light 13.even though 尽管 14.确信 feel sure 15.转变为 change into 三、重点句型和交际用语 A. 根据中文提示，补全对话。 16.（谈论新员工报到） A: Good morning. I’m George Smith. I’m going to work here today. B: Ah, George. Come with me. I will show you your office（带你看你的办公室）. 17.（谈论工作任务） A: What must I do this morning? B: You must read those emails（必须阅读那些邮件）in the computer. B. 选择正确的选项完成对话。 18.A: Who invented the telephone? B: Most people know ________ Bell who invented it. A. it is B. it was C. it has been D. it will be 【答案】B 【解析】本题考查强调句型“It is/was + 被强调部分 + that/who...”的用法。原句为“Most people know Bell invented the telephone.”，若强调“Bell”，则需使用该句型。根据主句谓语“know”的一般现在时态，以及所强调的动作“invented”发生在过去，强调部分的be动词应使用过去式“was”，构成“it was Bell who...”。 19.A: Need I read all the emails? B: Yes, you ________ answer all of them, either by email or over telephone. A. can B. may C. must D. will 【答案】C 【解析】本题考查情态动词的用法。问句“Need I...?”意为“我必须……吗？”，表示询问必要性。答语中应使用表示“必须、必要”的情态动词。“must”表示主观或客观上的“必须、一定”，符合管理者布置任务的语境。“can”表示能力或许可，“may”表示许可或可能性，“will”表示意愿或将来的动作，均不符合“必须完成”的指令性语气。 四、英语知识运用 20.Alexander Graham Bell ________ the telephone in the United States. A. discovered B. invented C. found D. created 【答案】B 【解析】本题考查“invent”与“discover”的辨析。“invent”指创造或设计出以前不存在的新事物、新方法。电话在贝尔之前并不存在，是他创造出来的，因此用“invented”。“discover”指发现已经存在但以前不为人知的事物（如新大陆、科学规律）。“found”通常指偶然发现或找到，“created”强调从无到有的创作，但特指发明科技产品时，常用“invent”。 21.The photo phone ________ a beam of sunlight to carry sounds. A. used B. uses C. is using D. has used 【答案】A 【解析】本题考查时态。句子描述的是光话机在历史上（1880年）的工作原理，应使用一般过去时。“used”是“use”的过去式。 22.Bell believed that people would one day talk ________ beams of light. A. use B. used C. using D. to use 【答案】C 【解析】本题考查现在分词作方式状语的用法。“using beams of light”是现在分词短语，修饰动词“talk”，表示“通过使用光束”这种方式进行交谈。选项A是动词原形，不能直接用于介词后或作状语；B是过去分词或过去式；D是不定式，常表示目的，不符合此处表示方式的语境。 23.The vibrations of his voice caused the mirror ________. A. vibrate B. to vibrate C. vibrating D. vibrated 【答案】B 【解析】本题考查动词“cause”的固定搭配。“cause sb./sth. to do sth.”是固定结构，意为“导致某人/某物做某事”。因此，此处应填动词不定式“to vibrate”。 24.The light sensitive cell ________ the light patterns into electric signals. A. changed B. was changed C. is changed D. has changed 【答案】A 【解析】本题考查时态和语态。句子描述的是光话机工作流程中的一个步骤，是过去发生的客观事实，应用一般过去时。主语“The light sensitive cell”是动作“change”的执行者，应用主动语态。因此选“changed”。 25.Many students want to ________ the differences between American English and British English. A. know B. know about C. understand D. learn 【答案】B 【解析】本题考查“know”与“know about”的辨析。“know”通常指直接知道、认识或明白（某个事实、人、地方）。“know about”指了解关于某人或某事的信息、情况、细节。句意是“许多学生想了解美式英语和英式英语之间的区别”，这属于了解具体细节信息，因此用“know about”更准确。 26.The computer ________ by George before the technician came. A. has been repaired B. had been repaired C. was repaired D. is repaired 【答案】B 【解析】本题考查过去完成时的被动语态。主句动作“修理”发生在从句动作“came”之前，即“过去的过去”。且主语“The computer”是动作“修理”的承受者，应用被动语态。过去完成时的被动语态构成为“had been + 过去分词”，因此选B。 27.A new system ________ by the engineers now. We can expect it soon. A. is developed B. is being developed C. was developed D. has been developed 【答案】B 【解析】本题考查现在进行时的被动语态。时间状语“now”表示动作正在进行。主语“A new system”是动作“develop”的承受者，应用被动语态。现在进行时被动语态的构成为“am/is/are being + 过去分词”，因此选B。 28.Our country is rich in natural ________ like coal and oil. A. sources B. resources C. materials D. energies 【答案】B 【解析】本题考查“source”与“resource”的辨析。“resource”（常用复数形式 resources）指“资源”，如自然资源、人力资源。“natural resources”是固定搭配，意为“自然资源”。“source”指“来源、根源”，如消息来源、收入来源。“material”指“材料”，“energy”指“能量”，但“能源”通常也用“energy resources”表达。根据句意“我国富有煤炭和石油等自然资源”，应选“resources”。 五、词汇辨析 29.Bell didn't ________ the difficulties and continued his experiments. A. encourage B. discourage C. discover D. invent 【答案】B 【解析】“discourage”意为“使气馁、阻止”，常与“didn't”连用表示“没有气馁”。“encourage”意为“鼓励”，与句意相反。“discover”发现，“invent”发明，均不符合语境。 30.This river is the ________ of water for the whole city. A. resource B. source C. origin D. cause 【答案】B 【解析】“source”指“（河流的）源头；（事物的）来源”，如水源、消息来源。“resource”指“资源”。“origin”指“起源、出身”，多指事物的起点或人的出身。“cause”指“原因”。句意为“这条河是全市的水源”，因此选B。 31.Marie Curie ________ radium, which was a new element. A. invented B. discovered C. created D. made 【答案】B 【解析】“discover”指发现原本就存在但不为人知的事物。镭是一种自然存在的元素，居里夫人是发现了它，而不是创造了它，因此用“discovered”。 32.We ________ each other since we were children. A. know about B. have known C. knew D. are knowing 【答案】B 【解析】“know”表示“认识、了解（某人）”，是及物动词，强调直接的认识关系。句中有“since”引导的时间状语，表示从过去持续到现在的状态，应用现在完成时“have known”。“know about”指了解关于某人的信息，而非直接认识其人。 33.All the exam papers ________ to the students by the teacher yesterday. A. are given out B. were given out C. gave out D. have been given out 【答案】B 【解析】本题考查一般过去时的被动语态。时间状语“yesterday”表明动作发生在过去。主语“All the exam papers”是动作“give out”的承受者，应用被动语态。一般过去时被动语态的构成为“was/were + 过去分词”，主语是复数，因此用“were given out”。 34.The company ________ a new type of electric car which is more efficient. A. is developed B. has developed C. is being developed D. was developed 【答案】B 【解析】本题考查现在完成时的主动语态。句子强调公司到目前为止已取得“开发出新车型”这一成果，且主语“The company”是动作“develop”的执行者，应用主动语态。现在完成时表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，符合句意。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $