Unit 4 Period 2 Grammar and usage-关系副词引导的限制性定语从句-课后巩固 多维提能-【优学精讲】2025-2026学年高中英语必修第一册教用课件（译林版）

该高中英语课件以定语从句为核心知识点，通过单句语法填空、句子合并、语法与写作、语篇填空等维度，搭建从基础到综合的学习支架，衔接关系代词、关系副词的用法及语境应用，帮助学生逐步掌握定语从句的构成与运用逻辑。 其亮点在于多维训练与真实语境结合，融入2023全国甲卷真题及书信语篇填空等实例，通过语法与写作（如翻译“我想找一个人分享我的旅行经历”）提升语言能力，借助语篇填空培养思维品质。学生能系统内化语法知识并增强语用能力，教师可直接利用分层练习设计教学，提高课堂效率。

课后巩固 多维提能 1 ［基础知识巩固练］ 维度一 单句语法填空 1.Great changes have taken place in the factory _______ we are working． where 2.Last summer we paid a visit to the coffee shop _______ a writer wrote his famous book． where 3.Have you ever had a case _______ the opinion you had stuck to turned out to be wrong? where 4.I don't know the reason _____ the athlete gave up halfway through the competition. why 课后巩固 多维提能 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 2 5.I'll never forget the day __________ I spent with my cousins in the mountains. that/which 6.I'd like to know the reason _____ she refused the offer． why 7.My classmates are all friendly and warm-hearted, _____ whom I can get along well． with 8.The day ______ we will win the final victory will come. when 9.There was a time ______ he was depressed and wanted to leave here. when 10.This is the farm _______ my father grows fruits and vegetables. where 11.It happened in November ______ the weather was wet and cold. when 课后巩固 多维提能 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 3 12.The reason _____ he was late was that he missed his train. why 13.This is the house __________ was built by my grandfather forty years ago. that/which 14.The reason __________ he gave for his being late for work was that he had an accident on the way. that/which 15.（2023·全国甲卷）There was once a town in the heart of America _______ all life seemed to enjoy peaceful co-existence with its surroundings. where 课后巩固 多维提能 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 4 16.The lecture will cover a number of cases _______ beginners of English fail to use the language properly. where 17.Keep the book in a place _______ you can find it easily. where 课后巩固 多维提能 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 5 维度二 用定语从句合并下列句子 1.Later, I wrote a letter of thanks to the gentleman. I got lots of help from him. →Later, I wrote a letter of thanks to the gentleman ____________________________． from whom I got lots of help 2.The man is in the next room. You are talking about the man. →The man __________________________ is in the next room. about whom you are talking 课后巩固 多维提能 1 2 3 4 5 6 3.My hometown has taken on a new look. I spent most of my childhood there. →My hometown __________________________________________ has taken on a new look. in which/where I spent most of my childhood 4.I don't know the reason. He didn't come to the meeting yesterday for the reason. →I don't know ______________________________________________ ________________． the reason for which/why he didn't come to the meeting yesterday 课后巩固 多维提能 1 2 3 4 5 7 5.I joined the organization on that day. I will never forget the day. →I will never forget the day __________________________________ __________． on which/when I joined the organization 课后巩固 多维提能 1 2 3 4 5 维度三 语法与写作 1.当我到达时，我的朋友带我去看我将要住的房子。 When I arrived, my friend took me to see the house ________________________. where I would be staying 2.他没有告诉我他改变计划的原因。 He didn't tell me the reason ________________________________. why/for which he changed his plan 3.我找到问题答案的那本书是一位著名作家写的。 The book _________________________________________ was written by a famous writer. in which I found the answer to my question 课后巩固 多维提能 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 9 4.我想找一个人分享我的旅行经历。 I wanted to find someone _____________________________________ _________. with whom I could share my travel experience 5.曾经有一段时间，安妮对与大自然有关的一切事物都非常着迷。 There was a time ____________________________________________ ___________. when Anne was so crazy about everything to do with nature 6.我有一些美国朋友，从他们那里我了解了很多美国的习俗。 I have some American friends _________________________________________________________. from whom I have learned much about the American customs 课后巩固 多维提能 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 10 7.我仍然记得我大学毕业的那一天。 I still remember the day ________________________________. on which I graduated from college 8.这就是我们昨天谈论过的那本书。 This is the book ______________________________. about which we talked yesterday 9.他所在公司的老板听说了这起事故。 The boss ____________________________ heard about the accident. in whose company he worked 10.我永远不会忘记我在乡村度过童年时光的那个农场。 I'll never forget the farm ______________________________________ _______. on which I spent my childhood in the country 课后巩固 多维提能 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 11 11.我们出门离不开的东西是手机。 The thing _______________________________ is mobile phone. without which we can not go out 12.昨天我们游览了杭州著名的西湖。 Yesterday we visited the West Lake ____________________________. for which Hangzhou is known 课后巩固 多维提能 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 12 维度四 语篇填空 Dear Tom， How are you going these days? I'm writing to tell you about our school's Sports Club， 1._________________________________________________（体育俱乐部经常为我们学生组织各种各样的活动）. which often organizes various activities for us students 课后巩固 多维提能 1 2 3 4 5 13 The Sports Club is located in our school's gym, 2.______________________________（学生可以在体育俱乐部锻炼） or practise their skills. At weekends, it is available for all students 3.________________________________（对体育赛事感兴趣的学生）. The reason 4.___________________________（为什么我们喜欢体育俱乐部） is that it enriches our campus life. where students can take exercise who are interested in sports events why we like the Sports Club 课后巩固 多维提能 1 2 3 4 5 14 All in all, all of us can work out for half an hour every day, 5._______________________________________（通过锻炼我们可以增强体魄）. Yours sincerely， Li Hua through which we can strengthen our body 课后巩固 多维提能 1 2 3 4 5 ［综合能力提升练］ Ⅰ.阅读理解 A 课后巩固 多维提能 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 16 Tomatoes are part of the UK family and the second most popular vegetable after potatoes. Also, shoppers spent over ￡365 million on mushrooms over the last year, making them the nation's third most popular vegetable. And mushrooms are now more popular than carrots, onions, broccoli （西兰花） and peppers （辣椒） because they are an excellent source of B vitamins, which are needed for a healthy diet. That is good news especially for many teenagers trying to lose weight. 课后巩固 多维提能 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 Today most teenagers are keen about food with a lot of fat, oil, salt and sugar. People call this kind of food “junk food”. But bad eating habits go beyond fast food. We find many teenagers eat unhealthily. Some don't have breakfast before they go to school. During the day, some don't have a proper meal for lunch. In a recent survey at one school, scientists found that over two thirds of the students didn't follow a healthy diet. They didn't like vegetables, and many of them didn't like to eat fruits. They preferred to eat food with a lot of salt, sugar, or fat. 课后巩固 多维提能 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 Parents today also worry about their children's diet. Some doctors give the following advice： · Teenagers shouldn't eat too much junk food. · Don't eat food with too much salt. Salt can cause high blood pressure in the future. · Teenagers should eat food without much fat, oil and sugar. · Eat some fruits and vegetables every day, which are rich in vitamins and have little fat. 课后巩固 多维提能 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 · Drink more milk. Milk will help their bones grow. · Teenagers need to eat breakfast every day. It is good for their body and mind. 【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。作者通过这篇文章介绍了一些好的饮食建议，以此来改变英国青少年不健康的饮食习惯。 课后巩固 多维提能 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 1.Which is the most popular vegetable in the UK?( ) A.Mushrooms. B.Potatoes. C.Tomatoes. D.Carrots. 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段第一句可知，在英国，最受欢迎的蔬菜是土豆。 √ 课后巩固 多维提能 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 21 2.According to the passage, which of the following is TRUE?( ) A.Today all teenagers are overweight. B.Scientists found two thirds of the students didn't have a healthy diet. C.Parents are worried about their children's diet today. D.Milk, fruits and vegetables are not good for children. 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Parents today also worry about their children's diet.”可知，现在，父母担心孩子的饮食。 √ 课后巩固 多维提能 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 22 3.Which one may be RIGHT according to the doctor's advice?( ) A.Eating junk food. B.Eating food with too much salt. C.Drinking milk and eating junk food often. D.Eating vegetables that are rich in vitamins. 解析：细节理解题。根据文章中的“Eat some fruits and vegetables every day, which are rich in vitamins and have little fat.”可知，根据医生的建议，正确的做法是吃富含维生素的蔬菜。 √ 课后巩固 多维提能 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 23 4.What's the purpose of the passage?( ) A.To tell children how to keep a healthy diet. B.To tell children to eat fruits and vegetables, especially mushrooms. C.To tell children how to have a proper meal for lunch. D.To tell children not to eat junk food which has a lot of fat. 解析：写作意图题。通读全文，尤其是根据第三段中的“Parents today also worry about their children's diet. Some doctors give the following advice”可知，作者写这篇文章的目的是告诉孩子们如何保持健康饮食。 √ 课后巩固 多维提能 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 24 B 课后巩固 多维提能 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 25 （2025·南阳高一月考）For the past ten years, John Smith has undergone an unusual journey. Once a sedentary office worker with little interest in physical activity, he is now a dedicated triathlete （铁人三项运动员）. In 2013, John weighed over 250 pounds and led a mostly inactive lifestyle. His days were spent sitting behind a desk for long hours, with little to no exercise. But a health scare one day made him realize he needed to make a drastic change. 课后巩固 多维提能 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 John started small. He began by taking short walks during his lunch breaks. Gradually, he increased the duration and intensity of his walks. Before long, he was jogging and then running. Running became a passion for him. He started participating in local 5K races and soon moved on to longer distances. As he got fitter, John decided to take on the challenge of a triathlon. He taught himself to swim and bought a second-hand bicycle. The training was grueling.There were days when he wanted to give up, especially when he faced challenges like injuries and poor race results. But he kept on going. 课后巩固 多维提能 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 Today, John has completed several triathlons, including some long-distance ones. His life has changed completely. He not only lost a large amount of weight but also gained a new sense of confidence and purpose. He credits his success to his determination and the support of his family and friends.“The journey hasn't been easy, but every step has been worth it. I never thought I could do something like this, but here I am,” John says. 课后巩固 多维提能 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 Now, John runs, swims, and cycles several times a week. He is planning to participate in an international triathlon event next year and hopes to encourage others to take up a healthy lifestyle. 【解题导语】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了约翰·史密斯从一个久坐不动的办公室职员转变为一名充满激情的铁人三项运动员的经历。 课后巩固 多维提能 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 5.Which word best describes John throughout his journey?( ) A.Perseverant （坚持不懈的）. B.Thoughtless. C.Intelligent （有智慧的）. D.Humourous. 解析：推理判断题。根据第四段中的“There were days when he wanted to give up, especially when he faced challenges like injuries and poor race results. But he kept on going.”可知，约翰面临了许多挑战，但他仍然坚持不懈，继续沿着自己的道路前行。 √ 课后巩固 多维提能 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 30 6.What does the underlined word “grueling” in paragraph 4 mean?( ) A.Easy and relaxing. B.Short and simple. C.Difficult and tiring. D.Fun and exciting. 解析：词义猜测题。根据画线词后的“There were days when he wanted to give up...poor race results.”可知，训练是艰难且令人疲惫的。画线词grueling意为“艰苦的、令人疲惫的”。 √ 课后巩固 多维提能 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 31 7.How does John feel about his change?( ) A.Regretful. B.Unsure. C.Indifferent. D.Proud. 解析：推理判断题。根据第六段内容可推知，约翰对自己的转变感到自豪。 √ 课后巩固 多维提能 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 32 8.Why does John plan to participate in an international triathlon event next year?( ) A.To win a prize. B.To inspire others. C.To prove himself. D.To make money. 解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“He is planning to participate in an international triathlon event next year and hopes to encourage others to take up a healthy lifestyle.”可知，他来年参加国际铁人三项比赛的目的是激励他人。 √ 课后巩固 多维提能 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 33 C （2025·长沙雅礼中学期中）Memory loss is a common part of aging. A decade-long study of older adults in China has found that a healthy lifestyle is linked to slower memory loss even when people carry a risky gene for Alzheimer's （阿尔茨海默氏症）. Researchers from China's National Center for Neurological Disorders and other medical organizations followed 29,000 people aged at least 60 years for up to 10 years. Forty-nine percent of the participants were women. 课后巩固 多维提能 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 34 At the beginning of the study in 2009, the researchers tested the participants memory function with the Auditory Verbal Learning Test （AVLT 听觉词语学习测验）. They were also tested for the APOE gene, the most common gene linked with Alzheimer's. Around 20 percent of the participants were carriers of the risk gene. The participants received tests in 2012, 2014, 2016 and 2019.In the follow-ups, six healthy lifestyle factors were analyzed: a healthy diet, regular physical exercise, active social contact, active cognitive activity, non-smoking and never drinking alcohol. 课后巩固 多维提能 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 The results showed that the AVLT scores continuously decreased over the 10 years. But the highest test scores were in the favorable group and the lowest in the group where people usually have an unhealthy lifestyle. The participants with favorable and average lifestyles, even when they were APOE carriers, had a slower rate of memory loss than the participants with unhealthy lifestyles. The researchers said that they studied the contribution of each lifestyle factor and their combined effects in a large sample size 课后巩固 多维提能 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 over an entire 10 years and offered important information to protect older adults against memory loss. The results about the APOE carriers also provide a positive outlook that healthy lifestyle risks are related to a slower rate of memory loss, regardless of the genetic risk. 【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一项研究表明生活方式越健康，记忆力下降就越慢。 课后巩固 多维提能 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 9.How many women participants participated in the study?( ) A.About 14,000. B.About 13,000. C.About 15,000. D.About 12,000. 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Researchers from...participants were women.”可知，有大约14，000名女性参与了这项研究。 √ 课后巩固 多维提能 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 38 10.According to the study, which of the following is NOT a lifestyle linked to slower memory loss？( ) A.Regular physical exercise. B.Active cognitive activity. C.Smoking and drinking alcohol. D.Active social contact. 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“In the follow-ups...never drinking alcohol.”可知，吸烟和饮酒与较慢的记忆力丧失无关。 √ 课后巩固 多维提能 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 39 11.What do the underlined words “favorable group” in paragraph 3 refer to?( ) A.The group of people with healthy lifestyle. B.The group of people with unhealthy lifestyle. C.The group of people carrying APOE gene. D.The group of people without APOE gene. 解析：词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句子后半部分“and the lowest in the group where people usually have an unhealthy lifestyle”可知，测试得分最低的是拥有不健康生活方式的人群，得高分的应是拥有健康生活方式的人群；由此可推知，画线词指“拥有健康生活方式的人群”。 √ 课后巩固 多维提能 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 40 12.What is the passage mainly about?( ) A.An unbelievable study. B.The importance of healthy lifestyle. C.Memory loss is a common part of aging. D.The healthier your lifestyle, the slower your memory loss. 解析：主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段中的“A decade-long study...for Alzheimer's.”以及最后一段内容可知，文章介绍了一项研究表明生活方式越健康，记忆力下降就越慢。 √ 课后巩固 多维提能 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 41 Ⅱ.七选五 All parents know that young children are always energetic, eager to run, jump and play. Turning that natural energy into competitive sports can help keep kids active and healthy as they grow. Competitive sports such as soccer， track， basketball and swimming can also help kids learn important life lessons about teamwork and fair play. 1.____________________________________ _____________. C.Here are the benefits of competitive sports for youth 解析：根据下文内容可知，此处是说竞技体育对年轻人有好处。C项引出下文，符合语境。 课后巩固 多维提能 42 Learning How to Compete Joining in sports teaches children and teenagers how to compete in the real world. As they grow older, they'll face competition in school, in the workforce and other areas of life. But these competitions don't have to be negative （负面的） or unhealthy.2._________________________________________________ _________________________________. G.Playing sports can help kids understand how competition works in a friendly environment 课后巩固 多维提能 43 解析：根据上文“Joining in sports teaches children and teenagers how to compete in the real world.”以及“But these competitions don't have to be negative or unhealthy.”可知，本段介绍的是竞技运动帮助孩子了解在健康环境下如何竞争。G项承接上文，符合语境。 课后巩固 多维提能 Understanding the Value of Exercise 3.________________________________________________________________________. In addition， many children who are active in sports are encouraged to eat healthier foods， such as fruits and vegetables. F.Taking part in competitive youth sports burns calories and helps to keep slim 解析：根据下文“In addition，many children who are active in sports...such as fruits and vegetables.”可知，本段介绍的是运动对孩子身体健康方面的好处。F项符合语境。 课后巩固 多维提能 45 Improving Self-respect Improved self-respect is another benefit of competitive youth sports.4._____________________________________________________. Even when he doesn't win, he can learn a valuable lesson that you can't win every time. Losing with his team can also increase self-esteem, as he learns to hold his head high and feel proud for trying his best. E.When a child wins a game with his team, he feels recognized 解析：根据下文“Even when he doesn't win...that you can't win every time.”可知，上下文形成转折，空处应介绍孩子比赛赢的时候的收获。E项符合语境。 课后巩固 多维提能 5.___________________________ Youth sports can help stop negative behavior, such as joining a gang （帮派）, because competitive sports provide a way of expressing their energy, friendship and controlled attacking behavior. Teens who have positive influences and friends feel less of a need to join in risky behaviors. A.Reducing Risky Behavior 解析：根据下文“Youth sports can help stop negative behavior”以及“Teens who have positive influences...join in risky behaviors.”可知，本段介绍的是运动可以帮助青少年减少危险行为。A项符合语境，适合作本段主题句。 课后巩固 多维提能 47 A.Reducing Risky Behavior B.Developing Character Values C.Here are the benefits of competitive sports for youth D.If you try your hardest, you have a better chance to succeed E.When a child wins a game with his team, he feels recognized F.Taking part in competitive youth sports burns calories and helps to keep slim G.Playing sports can help kids understand how competition works in a friendly environment 课后巩固 多维提能 48 【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了竞技体育对青少年的好处。 课后巩固 多维提能 Ⅲ.语法填空 “Don't judge a book by its cover,” the old saying goes. As a teenager, however, that is often exactly what you do to 1.________（you）. Standards （标准） of beauty in the media can have a big influence 2.____ what you think of your appearance. These standards are simply 3.__________（possible） for most of the population to reach. If you have friends 4._________ are good looking or have a great fashion sense, it can feel like you are living in their shadow. Their influences can't be avoided, 5.____ there are certainly ways to yourself on impossible who/that but 课后巩固 多维提能 50 deal with them. First of all, keep in mind not to follow popular beauty standards 6._______（blind）. Another tip is to recognize that you are unique and talk about your feelings with someone you trust. 7.________（hear） how much they value you can help you feel comfortable in your own skin. Finally, 8.___ is a good idea to draw your attention away from negative thoughts. 9.___________（achieve） it, you should do something you enjoy. You may often judge yourself by what is on the outside, rather than on the inside. However, just like a book, your contents are much 10._______________（important） than your cover. blindly Hearing it To achieve more important 课后巩固 多维提能 【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了媒体对美的标准会很大程度上影响人们对自己外表的看法并介绍了其应对方法。 课后巩固 多维提能 52 1.________ yourself 解析：考查反身代词。空处作介词to的宾语，且指代空前的you，应用反身代词。 2.____ on 解析：考查介词。have a（n）...influence on...意为“对……产生/有……影响”，为固定搭配。 课后巩固 多维提能 53 3.__________ impossible 解析：考查形容词。根据语境和常识可知，大部分人不可能达到媒体对美的标准，空处应用possible的反义词impossible作表语。 4._________ who/that 解析：考查定语从句。空处引导限制性定语从句，在从句中作主语，先行词为friends，指人，应用关系代词who或that。 课后巩固 多维提能 54 5.____ but 解析：考查连词。根据语境可知，上下文之间构成转折关系，空处应用并列连词but。 6._______ blindly 解析：考查副词。空处修饰动词follow，应用副词形式作状语。 7.________ Hearing 解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空处作主语，表示一般性的动作，应用动词-ing形式。单词位于句首，首字母应大写。 课后巩固 多维提能 55 8.___ it 解析：考查代词。分析句子结构可知，空处作形式主语，后面的动词不定式短语作真正的主语。 9.___________ To achieve 解析：考查非谓语动词。空处表示目的，应用动词不定式作目的状语。单词位于句首，首字母应大写。 课后巩固 多维提能 56 10._______________ more important 解析：考查形容词比较级。根据空后的than可知，空处应用形容词的比较级。 课后巩固 多维提能 57 $