U1L3 Great People-Zheng He and Columbus（课件）-《英语 第二册》（劳保版 第三版）《上好课》

Unit 1 Great People Lesson 3 Zheng He and Columbus 《英语 第二册》 劳保版 第三版 培养勇于质疑、尊重证据的科学探索精神。 增强民族自豪感，认识中华文明在世界历史发展中的重要贡献，培养全球视野。 掌握与航海探索和历史研究相关的核心词汇与短语；理解课文内容，能概括孟席斯关于郑和航海成就的主要观点及其证据；掌握同位语从句的基本结构（常用名词 + that从句）及其功能。 能读懂并转述简单的议论文；运用所学词汇和句型，简要介绍一位伟大的探险家或其航海成就；在关于假期旅行计划的口语交际中，运用相关句型进行讨论。在书面表达中正确运用同位语从句。 Knowledge objectives Ability objectives Emotional objectives Learning objectives 学习目标 Warm-up Text Knowledge points 01 02 03 Oral communication Learn & practice Summary & Homework 05 06 07 Grammar 04 目录 content Warming-up 1 观察世界地图 欧洲 非洲 北美洲 南美洲 郑和下西洋 发现美洲大陆的是哥伦布吗？ 你知道郑和吗？ 填写表格 Names Nationalities Birth-death Years Ferdinand Magellan Portuguese 1480–1521 Christopher Columbus Italian 1451–1506 Zheng He Chinese 1371–1433 Vasco da Gama Portuguese 1460s – 1524 James Cook British 1728 – 1779 Text 2 What is the traditional view mentioned in the text? What is Gavin Menzies' new idea? 带着以下问题阅读课文 Read Quickly and Find the Main Idea 问题 What is the passage mainly about? 答案 The passage mainly discusses the controversial theory proposed by Gavin Menzies, which challenges the traditional Western narrative of world exploration. He claims that Chinese explorers, led by Zheng He, discovered America and circumnavigated the globe decades before Columbus and Magellan, supported by historical maps and archaeological findings.  Text Analysis Paragraph 1: 1.History books say that Christopher Columbus found... and that Ferdinand Magellan set off... 讲解：并列的宾语从句。动词 say 后面接了两个由 and 连接的宾语从句，分别由 that 引导。 2.set off to sail round the world 讲解：动词短语 和 动词不定式作目的状语。set off 意为“出发”。to sail round the world 是动词不定式短语，作目的状语，说明出发的目的。  Text Analysis Paragraph 2: 1.Gavin Menzies, an officer of the British Royal Navy and also a navigation expert, says... 讲解：同位语。an officer... expert 是主语 Gavin Menzies 的同位语，对其身份进行补充说明。 2....he has gathered evidence that the Chinese arrived... and sailed... 讲解：现在完成时 和 同位语从句。has gathered 是现在完成时，表示动作已完成且与现在有关。that 引导的从句是 evidence 的同位语，解释证据的具体内容。  Text Analysis Paragraph 3: 1....Zheng He, a famous Chinese navigation expert, once led a Chinese fleet... 讲解：同位语。a famous... expert 是主语 Zheng He 的同位语。 2....reaching the east coast of Africa. 讲解：现在分词作状语表结果。reaching... 是现在分词短语，作状语，表示舰队航行所带来的结果。  Text Analysis Paragraph 4: 1....with ancient Chinese articles found far from China... 讲解：“with + 复合宾语”结构 和 过去分词作定语。with 引导的短语作方式状语。found far from China 是过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰 articles，表示“在中国以外很远的地方被发现的（中国古器物）”。 2.He concluded that the Chinese had got to the coasts... and sailed... 讲解：宾语从句 和 过去完成时。that 引导宾语从句。从句中使用过去完成时 had got，表示这个动作发生在主句动词 concluded（得出结论）之前，是“过去的过去”。  Text Analysis Paragraph 5: 1.It is a map dated 1418. 讲解：过去分词作后置定语。dated 1418 是过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰 map，意为“标注日期为1418年的（地图）”。 2....make sure that the map is really the original navigation map used by Zheng He. 讲解：宾语从句 和 过去分词作定语。that 引导宾语从句，作 make sure 的宾语。used by Zheng He 是过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰 map。 3.This would lend enough support to his idea that the Chinese had indeed discovered America by 1421. 讲解：情态动词 和 同位语从句。would 表示一种推测或可能的结果。that 引导的从句是 idea 的同位语，解释“想法”的具体内容。从句中使用过去完成时 had discovered，表示发现发生在1421年之前或之时。 Useful Phrases from the Text arrive in America 到达美洲 set off to sail 启程航行 for the first time 首次 gather evidence 收集证据 a navigation expert 航海专家 a sea power 海上强国 lead a fleet 率领一支船队 reach the coast 抵达海岸 support one's idea 支持某人的观点 ancient articles 古代器物/文献 the discovery of ……的发现 lend support to 为……提供支持 郑和的航行：重写历史 Question 问题：What is the traditional view mentioned in the text? Student Answer Area The traditional view states that Christopher Columbus discovered the New World in 1492 and that Ferdinand Magellan was the first to embark on a voyage around the world in 1519. 郑和的航行：重写历史 问题：What is Gavin Menzies' new idea? Student Answer Area Gavin Menzies proposes that the Chinese, under the command of Zheng He, reached America 72 years before Columbus and completed a round-the-world voyage a century earlier than Magellan. He supports this theory with evidence such as ancient Chinese artifacts found abroad, computer-traced navigation routes, and a 1418 navigation map depicting the outlines of Africa, Europe, and the Americas. Question Knowledge points 3 课文原句：History books say that Christopher Columbus found the New World in 1492... This would lend enough support to his idea that the Chinese had indeed discovered America by 1421. ①find 通常表示丢失或失落后重新找到或发现。 They found the boy in a wood. 他们在小树林里找到了这个男孩。 They had been looking for him for weeks before they found him. 他们找了几个星期才找到他。 When at last they found him, he was almost dead. 当他们最终找到他时，他快要死了。 ②discover 指发现早已存在、未被人知的东西，如某个岛屿、事实等。 Who discovered America? 谁发现了美洲大陆？ He at last discovered the truth. 他最终发现了真相。 They soon discovered that he was a good cook. 他们很快发现他擅长烹饪。 知识点1：find & discover ➔ 找到，发现 知识点2：through & across ➔ 通过 课文原句： He led a fleet of huge ships across the Indian Ocean, reaching the east coast of Africa. ①through 通常表示“在表面之下通过”或“在……中间通过”，词义与 in 有关。 We walked through the woods. 他步行穿过小树林。 He got in through the window. 他从窗户爬进屋。 The river runs through the city. 河穿城而过。 ②across 通常表示“在表面上通过”或“在……之上通过”，词义与 on 或 over 有关。 She walked across the road carefully. 她小心地穿过马路。 The plane flew across that country in about 3 hours. 这架飞机大约 3 小时飞越那个国家。 He swam across the river. 他游过了河。 知识点3：historic & historical ⇔ 有历史意义的；历史上的 课文原句： He also worked on his home computer to trace the historic round-the-world voyage of Zheng He from March 1421 to October 1423. ①historic 通常表示“具有重大历史意义的”“具有历史性影响的”。 The discovery of America is a historic event. 发现美洲大陆是历史性事件。 The fast development of AI is historic. 人工智能的高速发展有历史意义。 The Great Wall is a historic spot. 长城是史迹。 ②historical 通常只表示“历史上发生的”“历史上的”“历史的”（不表示“有重大历史意义的”或“影响历史进程的”意思）。 He is doing historical studies. 他从事历史研究。 Hamlet is a historical play.《哈姆雷特》是历史剧。 His conclusion is based on historical facts. 他的结论基于史实。 Grammar 4 同位语从句 同位语从句一般由 that 引导，属于 that- 从句。同位语从句用来说明前面名词的实际内容。同位语从句经常与以下名词连用：fact, idea, chance, hope, belief, thought, evidence, conclusion, discovery, truth, knowledge, opinion, news。 例如： We have come to the conclusion that there is no one in the room. 我们已经得出结论，房中无人。 I have an idea that she likes tea very much. 我知道她很喜欢喝茶。 The news has arrived that she left school last week. 她上周离开学校的消息已经传到。 We know the fact that she is among the top students in the class. 我们知道她是班里成绩最好的学生之一（这一事实）。 “同位语”和“定语” 同位语从句 that 引导的同位语从句与定语从句的区别 that 引导的同位语从句和定语从句有差别。 ①在同位语从句中，引导词 that 只是引导作用，没有其他语法功能（即引导词 that 在同位语从句中不作主语或宾语）。在以上例句中皆是如此。 ②但在定语从句中，that 是关系代词，除起引导作用外，还要作定语从句中的主语或宾语（作宾语的 that 常可省略）。例如： This is the only book that is interesting. 这是唯一一本有趣的书。 This is the house that was built last year. 这是去年盖的房子。 Tom bought a computer that was made in China. 汤姆买了一台中国产计算机。 Thank you for the help (that) you have given us. 感谢你给予我们的帮助。 That is the book (that) you have read. 那是你读过的书。 I have got the email (that) you sent me. 我已收到你发给我的邮件。 语法练习 示例：Menzies tried to support his idea—America was discovered by the Chinese → Menzies tried to support his idea that America was discovered by the Chinese. 1.we all know a fact—China is a developing country We all know a fact that China is a developing country. 2.they have come to a conclusion—Hangzhou is a beautiful city They have come to a conclusion that Hangzhou is a beautiful city. 语法练习 3.there is some evidence—it will rain soon There is some evidence that it will rain soon. 4.he got a piece of news—his brother won in the sports meet He got a piece of news that his brother won in the sports meet. 5.a thought came to him—the two young men might be brothers A thought came to him that the two young men might be brothers. Oral communication 5 讨论假期计划 1. 询问假期计划 Where are you going to spend your holidays this year? （你今年打算去哪里度假？） 对话原文： Ginna: Where are you going to spend your holidays this year, Harry? 2. 表达不确定性与可能的目的地 We may go abroad. I'm not sure. （我们可能出国。我不确定。） My wife wants to go to [地点], and I'd like to go there too. （我妻子想去[地点]，我也想去那里。） 对话原文： Harry: We may go abroad. I’m not sure. Harry: My wife wants to go to England, and I’d like to go there too. 讨论假期计划 3. 说明兴趣点与旅行方式 We are both interested in [具体地点/活动].（我们都对[具体地点/活动]感兴趣。） Will you travel by sea or by air?（你坐船去还是坐飞机去？） It's cheaper, isn't it? / But it takes a long time.（这样更便宜，不是吗？/ 但这很花时间。） 对话原文： Harry: We are both interested in Stratford... Ginna: Will you travel by sea or by air? Harry: It’s cheaper, isn’t it? Ginna: But it takes a long time. 讨论假期计划 4. 表达担忧、改变计划 Don't be so sure. We may not go anywhere.（别那么肯定。我们可能哪儿也不去。） My wife always worries too much.（我妻子总是担心太多。） Who's going to look after the [需要照看的事物]?（谁来照看[房子/花园/狗]呢？） In the end, we stay at home and look after everything.（最后，我们呆在家里照看一切。） 对话原文： Harry: Don’t be so sure. We may not go anywhere. Harry: My wife always worries too much. Who’s going to look after the house?... In the end, we stay at home and look after everything. 回答方式 1.表达不确定的计划（使用“主语 + may + 动词原形”结构）： We may go abroad. （我们可能出国。） We may not go anywhere. （我们可能哪儿也不去。） 2.说明个人及家人偏好（使用“主语 + want(s) to/like(s) to + 动词原形”结构）： My wife wants to go to England. （我妻子想去英国。） I'd like to go there too. （我也想去那里。） 3.表达共同兴趣（使用“主语 + be动词 + interested in...”结构）： We are both interested in Stratford. （我们都对斯特拉特福感兴趣。） 4.提出担忧的问题（使用“Who is going to + 动词原形...?”结构）： Who's going to look after the dog? （谁来照看狗呢？） 5.陈述最终结果（使用“主语 + 动词 + ...”结构）： In the end, we stay at home. （最后我们呆在家里。） We look after everything. （我们照看一切。） Pair work 学生两人一组， 模仿课文对话，并上台表演。 Just Talk！ Learn & practice 6 1. Gavin Menzies has __________ a lot of evidence to support his new idea about who discovered America. A. set off B. gathered C. concluded D. traced 2. In the early 15th century, China was the greatest sea power in the world, and Zheng He __________ a huge fleet across the Indian Ocean. A. led B. reached C. sailed D. dated 3.The discovery of the 1418 map __________ enough support to Menzies' idea. A. set off B. worked on C. lent D. made sure 4.Christopher Columbus is traditionally believed to have __________ the New World in 1492. A. discovered B. found C. concluded D. reached B A C Practice A 5.The belief __________ the Chinese sailors arrived in America before Columbus is still debated by historians. A. which B. where C. that D. when 6.语法填空： The news _____________ (arrive) that our team won the first prize. 7.语法填空： There is no doubt ______ Zheng He was a great navigator. C has arrived Practice that Summary & Homework 7 What did you learn in this lesson? Let’s review... 孟席斯关于郑和航海的颠覆性观点及证据 核心词汇与辨析 同位语从句的用法 旅行对话句型 Let’s review... Homework 抄写本课重点词汇和句型，并完成相关题目练习。 预习下一单元内容。 Thanks! Lavf59.14.100 $