必修第三册 UNIT 2 MORALS AND VIRTUES（课件PPT）-【正禾一本通】2026年新高考英语高三一轮总复习高效讲义（人教版）

该高中英语高考复习课件聚焦“道德与美德”主题，覆盖词汇（熟词生义、一词多义）、语法（独立主格、否定比较级表最高级）、写作（应用文、读后续写）、阅读（多义词辨义）核心考点，对接高考评价体系，明确读后续写心理动作描写、应用文写作等高频考点分布，构建完整备考体系。 课件亮点在于高考真题深度融入与实战技巧指导，如2024新高考Ⅰ卷读后续写“感激泪水”描写、全国甲卷应用文“建议信”模板，培养语言能力与文化意识素养。通过“词汇多维背诵+句式仿写+语义场构建”，助学生掌握答题技巧，教师可精准把握学情，提升复习效率。

必修第三册 UNIT 2 MORALS AND VIRTUES （话题：人与社会之道德与美德） 英语（人教版） 目录 学案一 课前背默 01 学案三 主题写作 03 学案二 课堂讲练 02 学案四 课下集训 04 学案一 课前背默 词汇多维背诵——分类识记，各个击破 比较：stuff n．材料，原料 vt.塞满；填塞 比较：principal adj.最重要的 n．校长 反义：active adj.主动的 联想：waiter n．男服务员 联想：tutor n．家庭教师；导师 对比：surgeon n．外科医生 同义：co­worker 助记：im­(向内)＋port 助记：ex­(向外)＋port 助记：cry over spilt milk 作于事无补的担忧 联想：nursery school 幼儿园；托 儿所 点拨：die的委婉说法 近义：in honor of 对比：be known for因……而出名 单元佳句过关——遮挡背诵，自我检测 语篇词汇串记——背美文，记单词 提示 速记后请完成“背诵过关检测卷（十三）” 学案二 课堂讲练 respond vt.回答；回复 vi.做出反应；回应→response n．回答；答复；反应 Part 1 核心词句——学表达 1 【用法归纳】 读后续写之神情描写 made no response to my classmates respond to/make a response to me  immediately responded to me with tears of regret in his eyes appoint vt.任命；委派→appointed adj.约定的；指定的→appointment n．约会； 约定，预约；委任 Part 1 核心词句——学表达 2 读后续写之对话+感激心理描写 【用法归纳】 was appointed as head of the team to head appointed 读后续写之动作＋情感描写 scare vt.惊吓；使害怕 vi.受惊吓→scared adj.害怕的；对……感到惊慌或恐惧的→scary adj.吓人的；恐怖的 Part 1 核心词句——学表达 3 读后续写之惊吓心理描写 【用法归纳】 was scared to drive away was scared to death and couldn't  stop screaming replace vt.接替；取代；更换；放回原处 Part 1 核心词句——学表达 4 【用法归纳】 have partly replaced private cars by/with have partly taken the place of private cars assist vt.帮助；协助；援助→assistant n．助手；助理→assistance n．帮助；协助 Part 1 核心词句——学表达 5 读后续写之高兴心理描写 【用法归纳】 It was with your generous assistance that assistant assistance assist me in choosing/to choose the suitable topics tear n．眼泪；泪水 vt.(tore，torn)撕破 Part 1 核心词句——学表达 6 读后续写之感激心理描写 【用法归纳】   tears of happiness and gratitude  tore the package open tears streaming down her face burst into tears the instant she read the letter welling up in his eyes 读后续写之动作和心理描写 读后续写之心理描写 harm n．& vt.伤害；损害→harmful adj.有害的→harmless adj.无害的；不致伤害的 Part 1 核心词句——学表达 7 读后续写之动作描写之笑 【用法归纳】 harming our study and life  harmful which is harmful to our study and life in memory of 作为对……的纪念 Part 1 核心词句——学表达 8 应用文写作之建议信 In terms of  In view of in honour of in memory of in charge of in favour of in need of 句式：“否定词+比较级”表示最高级 Part 1 核心词句——学表达 9 读后续写之升华句 nothing as valuable as nothing is more important nobody was happier than I was 应用文写作之演讲稿 读后续写之主旨升华 句式：独立主格结构 Part 1 核心词句——学表达 10 读后续写之动作＋心理描写 读后续写之紧张心理描写 my legs trembling and my heart beating wildly spreading exhibited Part 2 阅读词汇——善辨义 B D E A C B A C B A C B A C vt.注射 vt.预测 adj.沮丧的，失落的 n．反对者 n．投影仪 随堂多维演练 scared   tendency to to 读后续写之心理描写 energetic where more exciting to represent vt.把……放回原处   n.寓意 vt.撕掉 vt.用锁链拴住 n．联合创始人 v．使情绪低落 学案三 主题写作 (一) 应用文写作 [感谢信——感谢陌生人归还遗失的手机] I am writing to express my heartfelt gratitude for your kindness and integrity in returning my lost phone. When I realized that my phone was missing, I was scared and felt faint, as it contained precious information and memories. I tried to retrace my steps but in vain.Just as I was about to give up hope, you contacted me and appointed a time and place to return the phone. Your actions have saved me expense of having to replace the device and deal with the potential loss of important contacts and files. Thanks to your assistance, I was able to recover my phone without any harm or loss of data. I am truly grateful for the time and effort you took to respond to my situation and return the phone.Thank you once again for your integrity and for being a shining example of the goodness in people. (二) 读后续写 [道德与美德话题＋哭泣、流泪情感描写(1)] our tears streaming down amounted to a substantial sum broke down buried in his hands moved to tears buried in his hands 核心单词（围绕话题：道德与美德） 1．respond to the call of virtue 　　　　　　 响应美德的召唤 2．hire staff who adhere to ethical principles 雇用坚持道德原则的员工 3．assist others in need with compassion 怀着同情心帮助有需要的人 4．tear down the walls of prejudice 摧毁偏见的高墙 5．recognize the harm caused by greed 认识到贪婪造成的危害 6．illustrate the precious value of honesty 阐明诚实的宝贵价值 7．publish stories that inspire moral courage 发表激发道德勇气的故事 8．appoint virtuous leaders to replace corrupt officials 任命道德高尚的领导者来取代腐败 官员 多义单词——熟词生义与词性活用 1．moral [熟义]adj.道德的；道义上的 n．品行；道德→[生义]n.寓意：the moral of the story 故事的寓意 2．pole [熟义]n.柱子；杆→[生义]n.(行星的)极；地极：the South Pole南极 3．replace [熟义]vt.接替；取代；更换→[生义]vt.把……放回(原处)：replace the book on the shelf 把书放回书架上 4．tear [熟义]n.眼泪；泪水→[生义]v.撕/扯/划开；撕/拔/扯掉：tear the poster off the wall 从墙上撕下海报 5．chain n．一连串(人或事)；链子；链条→vt.用锁链拴住(或束缚)[词性活用]：chain the dog to the post 将狗拴在柱子上 多义单词——一词多义 1．sharp adj.锋利的；急转弯的；敏锐的；严厉的；瘦削的；时髦的；(增长、下跌等)急剧的；强烈的；鲜明的；明显的 adv.(……点)整；准时地 n．锐利的东西 ①a sharp blade for cutting 锋利的切割刀片 ②make a sharp left turn 向左急转弯 ③have a sharp analytical mind 拥有敏锐的分析头脑 ④a sharp drop in temperature 温度骤降 ⑤a sharp pain in the chest 胸口剧痛 2．operation n．活动；经营；企业；手术；使用；运算；运行；军事行动 ①launch a covert military operation 发起秘密军事行动 ②streamline business operations for efficiency 精简业务运作以提高效率 ③undergo a major surgical operation 接受重大外科手术 ④The new system is in operation. 新系统正在运行。 3．faint adj.不清楚的；微弱的；可能性不大；不热情的；眩晕的 vi.昏倒；晕厥 n．昏厥 ①feel faint due to exhaustion 因疲惫而感到头晕 ②a faint glimmer of hope 一丝微弱的希望 ③have the faintest chance of winning 毫无获胜的可能 ④faint from lack of food 因缺乏食物而昏倒 ⑤suffer a faint due to dehydration 因脱水而昏厥 4.court n．法院；法庭；全体出庭人员；(网球等的)球场；宅第；大厅 v．讨好；争取；求爱；博得；追求；导致；招致 ①play on the tennis court 在网球场上打球 ②appear in court 出庭受审 ③actions that court disaster 招致灾难的行为 阅读单词 1．dilemma　　 n．进退两难的境地；困境 2．insurance n．保险；保险业 3．lap n．(坐着时的)大腿部；(跑道等的)一圈 4．pregnant adj.怀孕的；妊娠的 5．disguise vt.装扮；假扮；掩盖 n．伪装；化装用具 6．cart n．手推车；运货马车 7．might n．力量；威力 8．fable n．寓言；寓言故事 9．illustrate vt.(举例)说明；阐明；给(书或文章)加插图 10．precious adj.珍稀的；宝贵的 11．union n．协会；联合会；工会 12．hire vt.聘任；雇用；租用 n．租借；租用 13．clinic n．诊所；门诊部 14．decade n．十年；十年期 15．lip n．嘴唇 16．limp vi.跛行；一瘸一拐地走 17．income n．收入；收益 18．whisper vi.& vt.悄声说；耳语；低语 n．耳语(声)；低 语(声)；传言；谣传 19．bite vt.& vi.(bit，bitten)咬；叮；蜇 n．咬；(咬下的) 一口；咬伤 20．staff　　 　 n．员工；全体职员 21．principle n．道德原则；法则；原则 22．passive adj.被动的；顺从的 23．waitress n．(餐馆的)女服务员；女侍者 24．tuition n．(小组)教学；讲课 25．physician n．医师；(尤指)内科医生 26．colleague n．同事；同僚 27．kindergarten n．学前班；幼儿园 28．import n．进口；进口商品 vt.进口；输入；引进 29．export n．出口；出口商品 vt.出口；输出；传播 30．spill vt.& vi.(spilt/spilled，spilt/spilled)(使)洒出；(使)溢 出 n.学前班；幼儿园 拓展单词 1．marry v.　　　　　 (和某人)结婚；嫁；娶 marriage n. 结婚；婚姻 2．major adj. 主要的 vi. 主修 n. 主修课程；少校 majority n. 大部分；大多数 3．complain vi.& vt. 抱怨；发牢骚 complaint n. 抱怨；投诉 4．respond vt. 回答；回复 vi. 做出反应；回应 response n. 反应；回答；回复 5．scholar n. 学者 scholarship n. 奖学金 6．reject vt. 拒绝接受；不录用 rejection n. 拒绝接受；否决 7．appoint vt. 任命；委派 appointment n. 约会；任命；委任 appointed adj. 约定的；指定的 8．elect vt. 选举；推选 election n. 选举；推选；当选 9．tend vt.　　　 照顾；照料 vi. 倾向；趋于 tendency n. 趋势；趋向 10．retire vt.& vi. 退休；退职；退出 retirement n. 退休 retired adj. 退休的 11．despair n. 绝望 vi. 绝望；感到无望 desperate adj. 拼命的；孤注一掷的；绝望的 12．scare vt. 惊吓；使害怕 vi. 受惊吓 scary adj. 吓人的；恐怖的 scared adj. 害怕的；对……感到惊慌或恐惧的 13．sharp adj. (增长、下跌等)急剧的；锋利的；明显的 sharply adv. 急剧地；严厉地 sharpen vt. 削尖；磨快；使提高 14．energy n.　 精力；活力；能量 energetic adj. 精力充沛的；充满活力的 15．replace vt. 接替；取代；更换 replacement n． 更换；更替；替换的人/物 16．accident n.　　　 事故；车祸；失事 accidental adj. 意外的；偶然的 accidentally adv. 偶然地 17．operate vt.& vi. 经营；运转 vi. 做手术 vt. 操作(机器) operator n. 操作员；接线员；经营者 operation n. 手术；企业；经营 18．assist vt. 帮助；援助 assistant n. 助理；助手 assistance n. 帮助；援助 19．memory n.　　 记忆力；回忆 memoriz(s)e vt. 记住；记忆 20．harm n．& vt. 伤害；损害 harmful adj. 有害的 harmfully adv. 有害地 harmless adj. 无害的 21．flexible adj. 灵活的；可变通的 flexibly adv. 灵活地 flexibility n. 灵活性 22．tense adj. 紧张的；(尤指肌肉、身体)拉紧的 n. (动词的)时态 tension n. 紧张关系；紧张；焦虑 重点短语 1．carry sb through sth 帮助某人渡过难关 2．tend to do sth 易于做某事；往往会发生某事 3．a great deal (of) 大量 4．trip over 被……绊倒 5．in tears 流着泪；含着泪 6．in despair 处于绝望中 7．graduate from 从……毕业 8．be responsible for 对……负责 9．in one's lifetime 一生中 10．pass away 去世 11．in memory of 作为对……的纪念 12．be known as 作为……而出名 1.The new People's Republic of China saw Dr Lin Qiaozhi playing a key role.(see意为“见证”时的拟人用法) 新中国的成立见证了林巧稚医生发挥的关键作用。 2. Though Lin Qiaozhi never married，she was known as the “mother of ten thousand babies”，having delivered over 50，000 babies in her lifetime.(having done作状语) 虽然林巧稚终身未婚，但是她被称为“万婴之母”，她一生中接生的婴儿有五万多名。 3．Nothing good can come to a nation whose people only complain and expect others to solve their problems.(whose引导的定语从句) 如果一个国家的人民只会抱怨，而且总是期待别人来解决他们的问题，那么这个国家就不会发生什么好事。 4．After a while，a group of women came along，each balancing a pot of water on her head.(独立主格结构) 过了一会儿，一群妇女走了过来，每个人头上都顶着一罐水。 Mother of Ten Thousand Babies To a person nothing is more precious than their life, which carried Lin Qiaozhi through a life of hard choices.She didn't follow the traditional path of marriage like the majority of girls, which caused her brother to complain when he thought of the high tuition fees.But she responded, “I'd rather stay single to study all my life！” Shortly after getting the Wenhai Scholarship, she was hired as a resident physician.After that she rejected the invitation to stay in the US from her American colleagues.Over the next several decades, she held many important positions.However, her heart was elsewhere.She was more interested in tending patients, publishing medical researches and training the next generation of doctor staff in her department.Dr Lin didn't retire until she died and left her savings to a kindergarten and a fund for new doctors. 万婴之母 对一个人来说，生命是最宝贵的，这支撑着林巧稚走过充满艰难抉择的一生。她没有像大多数女孩那样走上婚姻这一传统道路，使得她哥哥一想到高昂的学费就抱怨。但她回应：“我宁愿一辈子不嫁人也要学习！”在她获得“文海”奖学金后不久，她被聘为住院医师。在那以后，她谢绝美国同行要她留在美国的邀请。在随后的几十年间，她担任许多重要职位。然而，她的心却在别处。她更感兴趣的是治病救人、发表医学研究成果、培养同科室的新一代医务人员。林医生去世前都没有退休，还把积蓄捐给了一家幼儿园和一项为新医生设立的基金。 【高考真题】　 (2024·新高考Ⅰ卷应用文写作)In response to this task, I decided to make a sketch of a beautiful tree with intricate branches and lush leaves.为了完成这个任务，我决定画一张美丽的树的素描，它枝干错综复杂、树叶茂密。 ◎respond to 对……做出回应或反应；答复 ◎in response to 对……做出反应/答复 ◎make a/no response to 对……做出回应/不予回答 【写作语料】　 ◎respond positively to the suggestion 对建议做出积极的回应 ◎receive an immediate response 立即得到回复 ◎in response to the audience's demand 应观众的要求 【语境运用】　完成句子 ①(2024·新高考Ⅰ卷)在课上，我没有对同学们做出回应，因为我完全沉浸在自己的创作过程中。 I during the lesson, as I was fully immersed in my own creative process. ②他眼里含着后悔的泪水回答我说：“我再也不会这样做了。” “I will never do that again，” he ． ③(2020·全国卷Ⅰ)每当我向他寻求建议时，他总是立即给我回复。 Every time I asked him for advice，he would ． 【高考真题】　 (2023·新高考Ⅰ卷读后续写)“You appointed me to take on this challenge, and it changed everything for me，” I said, my voice filled with gratitude.“你任命我来接受这个挑战，这改变了我的一切，”我说，声音里充满了感激之情。 ◎appoint sb as/to be... 任命某人为…… ◎appoint sb to do sth 委派某人做某事 ◎make an appointment with sb 与某人约会 ◎keep an appointment 守约 ◎break an appointment 违约 【写作语料】　 ◎appoint a committee member to deal with the task 任命一名委员会成员去完成这项任务 ◎be appointed as manager被任命为经理 ◎at the appointed time 在约定的时间 【语境运用】　单句填空/完成句子 ①The university appointed a renowned professor (head)the research department, hoping to boost its reputation. ②The (appoint)time for the interview is 2：30 PM; please arrive at least 10 minutes early. ③得知被任命为队长后，他无法克制激动的心情，欢欣鼓舞地进了家门。 Learning he , he couldn't contain his excitement and danced into the house. 【高考真题】　 (浙江7月卷读后续写)When I realized that the bear was coming back to attack us，I was nearly scared to death.当我意识到那头熊又回来攻击我们的时候，我几乎要吓死了。。 ◎scare sb into doing sth 吓得某人做某事 ◎scare...away/off 把……吓跑 ◎be scared to death 吓得要死 ◎be scared to do sth/of doing sth 害怕做某事 【写作语料】　 ◎too scared to speak因太害怕而说不出话来 ◎be scared out of one's wits 被吓得魂不附体 ◎a scary movie with spine­chilling scene一部有令人毛骨悚然场景的恐怖电影 【语境运用】　单句填空/完成句子 ①The loud noise from the construction site scared the birds that usually nested nearby. ②当过山车到达最高点时，我吓得要死，尖叫声不断。 When the roller coaster reached its highest point, I ． ③发生事故后，他害怕开车，好几个月都避免坐到驾驶座上。 After the accident, he and avoided sitting behind the wheel for months. 【高考真题】　 (2024·全国甲卷应用文写作)Traditional bicycles have been largely replaced by shared bicycles, which offer a convenient and eco­friendly way to travel short distances.传统的自行车在很大程度上已经被共享单车所取代，这为人们提供了一种方便和环保的短途旅行方式。 ◎replace...with/by... 用……替换…… ◎replace...as... 取代……而成为…… ◎take the place of sb/sth＝take sb's/sth's place 代替某人/某物 ◎in place of 代替(介词短语，不作谓语) 【写作语料】　 ◎replace the missing pieces of the puzzle 补全拼图中缺失的部分 ◎replace plastic bags with paper bags 用纸袋代替塑料袋 ◎be replaced with/by a modern hotel 被一家现代化的旅馆所取代 【语境运用】　单句填空/一句多译 ①When the boss arrived，the joyful atmosphere was replaced a serious one. ②(2024·全国甲卷)在许多城市，这些共享自行车已经部分取代了私家车，因而减少了交通拥堵，促进了更环保的生活方式。 →These shared bicycles in many cities, reducing traffic congestion and promoting a greener lifestyle. →These shared bicycles in many cities, reducing traffic congestion and promoting a greener lifestyle. 【高考真题】　 (新高考Ⅰ卷读后续写)With the assistance of their father，the twins made it，their faces brimming with happy smiles.在他们爸爸的帮助下，这对双胞胎成功了，脸上洋溢着快乐的笑容。 ◎assist sb to do/in doing sth 帮助某人做某事 ◎assist sb with/in sth 在某方面帮助某人 ◎with the assistance of... 在……的帮助下 ◎come/go to one's assistance 来/去援助某人 【写作语料】　 ◎with the assistance of their father在他们爸爸的帮助下 ◎an assistant to English teacher英语老师的助手 ◎assist your coworkers in the completion of the proje协助同事完成项目 ◎assist the elderly with their daily tasks 帮助老人完成日常任务 【语境运用】　单句填空/完成句子 ①I am writing to convey my sincere gratitude to your shop who came to my when I fainted in your shop.(assist) ②(2021·全国甲卷)我想知道你是否能帮助我选择合适的班会主题。 I'm wondering if you could for the class meeting. ③正是在你的慷慨帮助下，我成功地赢得了选举，并被任命为学生会主席。 I succeeded in winning the election and was appointed as chairman of the student council.(强调句) 【高考真题】　 (2024·新高考Ⅰ卷读后续写)With the money in hand, I hurried to the bus, fighting back tears of gratitude.我手里拿着钱，急忙赶到公共汽车上，强忍着感激的泪水。 ◎in tears 　　　　　　　 流着泪；含着泪 ◎burst into tears 突然大哭起来 ◎fight/hold back tears 强忍住泪水 ◎tear sth apart 撕碎某物 ◎tear sth down 推倒；拆毁(建筑物) ◎tear sth open 把……撕开 【写作语料】　 ◎have difficulties controlling tears of excitement 难以控制激动的泪水 ◎with tears rolling/streaming down his face眼泪从他的脸颊流下来 【语境运用】　完成句子 ①她把包裹撕开，既惊讶又感动，泪水从她的脸颊流下来。 She , amazed and moved, ． ②令我非常吃惊的是，她一读到这封信就哭了起来。 Much to my surprise, she ． ③听到他们的计划，他高兴得跳了起来，眼里涌出幸福和感激的泪水。 Hearing their plan，he jumped for joy， ． 【高考真题】　 (2023·新高考Ⅰ卷读后续写)My teacher cast me an encouraging smile，saying，“In my opinion，there is no harm in entering a writing contest.”我的老师给了我一个鼓励的微笑，说：“在我看来，参加写作比赛并没有什么坏处。” ◎do/cause harm to sb＝do/cause sb harm 对某人造成损害/伤害 ◎There is no harm in doing sth 做某事没有害处 ◎be harmful to... 对……有害 【写作语料】　 ◎harm one's health/image/reputation 损害某人的健康/形象/名誉 ◎cause harm to one's physical health 对某人的身体健康造成伤害 ◎exposure to harmful chemicals and substances 接触有害化学品和物质 【语境运用】　单句填空/一句多译 ①(2023·全国乙卷)There is also research showing that pot plants can clean the air around them by removing (harm) gases，such as carbon dioxide. ②有时我们会难以控制住连续刷剧的冲动，这对我们的学习和生活有害。 →Sometimes we can't resist the urge to binge­watch TV series, ．(定语从句，harmful) →Sometimes we can't resist the urge to binge­watch TV series, ．(分词作状语，harm) 【高考真题】　 (2023·全国甲卷应用文写作)In memory of Confucius, one of the most influential philosophers in Chinese history, we celebrate his profound contributions to ethics and education.为了纪念中国历史上最有影响力的哲学家之一孔子，我们赞美他对伦理和教育的深刻贡献。 【用法归纳】 ◎in honour of　 为了向……表示敬意，为纪念…… ◎in need of 需要 ◎in charge of 负责，管理 ◎in view of 鉴于；考虑到；由于 ◎in search of 寻找 ◎in favour of 赞同，支持 ◎in terms of 就……而言 【写作语料】　 In view of the benefits of labor to students, I suggest that we should regularly take part in a wide range of labor activities so that we can become well­rounded.考虑到劳动对学生的众多好处，我建议我们应该定期参加各种劳动活动，以便实现全面发展。 【语境运用】　完成语段 鉴于我们今天所面临的挑战，我们必须培养这些价值观，以缅怀前人，并纪念他们所传授的经验教训。我们能够掌控自己的行动和决定，但必须采取支持正确和公正的行动。为了建设一个更光明的未来，我们需要那些正直、富有同情心和尊重他人的人。 ① the challenges we face today, it is crucial that we cultivate these values ② those who have come before us and ③ the lessons they have taught.We are all ④ our own actions and decisions, and we must act ⑤ what is right and just.⑥ building a brighter future, we are ⑦ individuals who embody integrity, compassion, and respect for others. 【教材原句】　To a person nothing is more precious than their life...对一个人来说，没有什么比他们的生命更加珍贵了…… 【用法归纳】 表示最高级意义的特殊结构： ◎“否定词＋比较级”意为“没有比……更……；没有……像……一样”，常用的否定词有no、not、never、nothing、nobody、hardly等； eq \b\lc\ \rc\}(\a\vs4\al\co1(◎can/could＋...＋形容词/副词＋enough,　never/not＋...＋too＋形容词/副词)) 再……也不为过 ◎否定词＋so/as＋形容词/副词原级＋as ……不如…… 【写作佳句】　 ①(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)“I have never had a more delicious breakfast than this one！” the mother responded excitedly. “我从来没吃过比这更美味的早餐了！”妈妈激动地回答道。 ②To us，nothing is more important than passing on kindness to those in trouble. 对我们来说，没有什么比向处在困境中的人传递善意更重要的了。 ③When talking with the elderly, you can't be too polite/polite enough. 与老年人谈话时你多礼貌都不为过。 【仿写借鉴】　完成句子 ①就我个人而言，没有什么比提升自己更重要。 As far as I'm concerned, than improving myself. ②直到那时我才突然意识到，没有人比我更幸福了。 It was not until then that I suddenly realized ． ③虽然困难重重， 但是没有什么比通过挑战自己所获得的成就感更有价值了。 Hard though it is, there is the sense of achievement you get from challenging yourself. 【教材原句】　After a while, a group of women came along, each balancing a pot of water on her head.过了一会儿，一群妇女走了过来，每个人头上都顶着一罐水。 【用法归纳】 ◎独立主格结构在句中可表示时间、原因、条件或伴随动作等，在许多情况下相当于一个状语从句或并列句。 ◎独立主格结构的构成：n./pron.＋v.­ing/v.­ed/to do/adj./adv./n./介词短语。 ◎独立主格结构经常与with复合结构互换。 【写作佳句】　 ①Tom threw himself into his mother's arms，tears of shame and embarrassment welling up in his eyes. 汤姆扑在母亲的怀里，眼里涌出羞愧和尴尬的泪水。 ②The team having won the championship, the fans erupted in joyous celebration. 球队赢得冠军，球迷们欢呼雀跃，激动不已。 ③His speech finished, the audience rose to their feet, giving a standing ovation. 他的演讲结束后，观众们起立鼓掌，给予热烈的掌声。 【仿写借鉴】　单句填空/完成句子 ①(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷)My teacher entered the classroom, an infectious smile (spread) on his face. ②(2021·浙江6月卷)Many wonderful works (exhibit)on the exhibition，I firmly believe that everyone will definitely have a good time there. ③我紧张地看着爸爸，双腿颤抖着，心脏狂跳。 I looked at my father nervously， ． （一）多义词辨义 1．sharp A.adj.(增长、下跌等)急剧的　B．adj.锋利的 C．adj.突然转向的　 D.adj.敏锐的 E.adj.尖锐的；刺耳的 ①(2020·浙江7月卷)He exposed his sharp teeth，glaring at us as he ran forward. ②(2020·浙江7月卷)Challenging work might help your brain stay sharp as you age. ③Recently there has been a sharp decline in interest in gardening throughout the town. ④I was approaching a fairly sharp bend that swept downhill to the left. ⑤(2023·浙江1月卷)Suddenly，Ziyad let out a sharp cry.Within seconds，he'd slid down the trunk and was back on the ground. 2．operation eq \x(A.n.手术　B．n.操作　C．n.运转) ①The company's smooth operation depends on effective communication among departments. ②The operation of this machine requires special training. ③The patient underwent a heart operation last month. 3．faint eq \x(A.adj.微弱的　B．adj.快要昏厥　C．adj.模糊的) ①The old photograph had a faint image of a person in the background. ②She began to feel dizzy and faint due to the heat. ③The faint sound of music could be heard from the neighbor's house. 4．court eq \x(A.n.法院　B．n.球场　C．vt.追求) ① The case will be decided in court next week. ②The tennis court was filled with players practicing their serves. ③ He has been courting her for months, hoping to win her affection. （二）构词法猜义——巧借前缀post­推测词义 词根ject：来源于拉丁语，意为“抛”或“投掷” [本单元]reject vt.拒绝接受；不录用→rejection n．拒绝接受；否决 [相关词]①object n．物体，目标 ②subject n．主题；学科；臣民 1．The scientist injected the vaccine into the patient to help build immunity against the virus. [词义]in(进入)＋ject(投掷)→inject 2．The manager projected the company's future growth based on current market trends. [词义]pro(向前)＋ject(投掷)→project 3．The objector raised concerns about the proposed changes during the meeting. [词义]ob(反对)＋ject(投掷)＋or (执行某种动作的人)→objector 4．The projector displayed a clear image on the screen for the audience to see. [词义]pro(向前)＋ject(投掷)＋or (执行某种动作的物)→projector 5．The dejected student walked out of the classroom after failing the difficult exam. [词义]de(向下)＋ject(投掷)＋ed(形容词后缀)→dejected (一)核心词句专练——单句语法填空 1．(2024·新高考Ⅰ卷)The reasons relate to a variety of factors, including reduced concentration, an entertainment mindset (心态) and a (tend) to multitask while consuming digital content. 2．(2022·全国乙卷)He took me to the museum and I responded very strongly what I saw on the walls there. 3．“I was so (scare) that I hurried home in panic without telling him，” Adam said，full of guilt. 4．Some boys are addicted to playing computer games，causing great harm their health. 5．Students should actively involve themselves in after­class activities they can gain experience of social communication. 6．Never have I experienced a (exciting) moment than now. 7．We appointed her (represent) us to send our congratulations at the wedding ceremony. 8．The most (energy) and significant festivals are those that look forward to the end of winter and the coming of spring. (二)阅读词汇猜词——熟词生义、派生 1．I think the moral of the story is to let people mind their own behaviors. 2．When we tear one page from the calendar，it means our life has been shortened by one day. 3．The dog was chained to the leg of one solid garden seat. 4．She replaced the book after reading and fell asleep. 5．The unexpected loss in the championship final dejected the team, causing them to question their strategies and training methods. ◎de­(向下)＋ject(抛)→deject 6．As a cofounder of the successful startup, she played a crucial role in shaping the company's vision and strategy from the very beginning. ◎co­(共同)＋founder(创始人)→cofounder 假定你是李华，一位来中国旅游的美国青年Jack捡到你不慎丢失的手机后及时归还于你。请根据以下要点提示给Jack写一封感谢信，内容包括： 1．表达感谢； 2．陈述过程。 [构建语义场——道德与美德] 1．个人品质 ①integrity 正直；诚信 ②honesty 诚实 ③responsibility 责任感 ④self­discipline 自律 ⑤perseverance 毅力 ⑥humility 谦逊 ⑦resilience 坚韧 ⑧respect 尊重 ⑨loyalty 忠诚 EQ \o\ac(○,10)generosity 慷慨 ⑪forgiveness 宽恕 ⑫gratitude 感恩 2．社会责任 ⑬volunteering 志愿服务 ⑭social justice 社会正义 ⑮environmental protection 环境保护 ⑯community service 社区服务 ⑰sustainable development 可持续发展 3．道德决策 ⑱moral dilemma 道德困境 ⑲value judgment 价值判断 ⑳ethical standards 道德标准 EQ \o\ac(○,21)moral obligations 道德义务 EQ \o\ac(○,22)principle­based decision making 基于原则的决策 EQ \o\ac(○,23)moral courage 道德勇气 4．美德培养 EQ \o\ac(○,24)character education 品格教育 EQ \o\ac(○,25)moral development 道德发展 EQ \o\ac(○,26)virtue ethics 美德伦理学 EQ \o\ac(○,27)role modeling 榜样示范 EQ \o\ac(○,28)moral guidance 道德指导 EQ \o\ac(○,29)character strengths 品格优势 选用本单元所学知识和上述词块翻译句子 第一段：开篇说明写信的目的 1．我写信是为了对您归还遗失手机的善意和正直表示衷心的感谢。 第二段：具体陈述过程 2．当我意识到我的手机不见了，我很害怕，感到头晕，因为它包含了宝贵的信息和记忆。 3．我试图重走已走过的路，但徒劳无功。就在我要放弃希望的时候，你联系了我，确定了归还手机的时间和地点。 4．多亏了你的帮助，我能够找回我的手机而没有任何损害或数据丢失。 5．你的行动使我免于更换设备和处理重要联系人和文件的潜在损失的费用。 6．我真的很感谢你花了时间和精力来应对我的情况并归还手机。再次感谢你的正直，感谢你成为人们心存善良的光辉榜样。 Ⅰ.教材语料背诵 词汇 [情感描写]　dilemma；complain；passive；scared；sharp；in memory of；in tears；in despair；tension [人物描写]　moral；virtue；precious；energetic；flexible；appoint；elect；whisper；pass away；assist；replace 佳句 1．As a five­year­old girl，Lin Qiaozhi was deeply affected by her mother's death.At age 18，instead of following the traditional path of marriage like the majority of girls，she chose to work and study.(人物描写) 佳句 2．She was more interested in tending patients，publishing medical research on care for women and children，and training the next generation of doctors.(动作描写) 3．Early one morning，the king disguised himself and went to a local village.He placed a large stone in the middle of the main street and hid gold coins under the stone.Then he hid behind a huge maple tree and watched.(动作描写) Ⅱ.拓展语料积累 词汇 weep 哭泣；sob 呜咽；shed tears 流泪；be bathed in tears 泪流满面；burst into tears 突然大哭起来；cry one's eyes out 悲痛欲绝；choke back tears/sobs 强忍泪水/哭泣；fight/hold back tears忍住眼泪；tears streaming down one's face 泪水顺着脸颊流下；choke up哽咽；sob/weep with one's face buried in one's hands掩面哭泣 佳句 1.Overwhelmed by grief, he sobbed bitterly, his body shaking with each cry. 悲伤压得他喘不过气来，他痛苦地啜泣着，身体随着哭声不断颤抖着。 佳句 2．His eyes brimmed with tears of regret, reflecting the turmoil within his soul. 他的眼中充满了后悔的泪水，映照出他内心的煎熬。 3．Bill fought back his tears and tried to comfort Sarah's mother. 比尔抑制住泪水，并试图安慰萨拉的母亲。 4．Cecil came round later，crying his eyes out，asking me to forgive him. 赛西尔后来来了，哭得很伤心，请求我原谅他。 Ⅲ.语料综合运用(用上述语料完成续写) [前情提示]　多伦多某组织以匿名方式帮助有经济困难的市民。作者夫妇失业陷入困境，该组织的捐助帮他们渡过难关。他们的儿子从小努力工作攒钱，本不需要申请助学贷款上大学…… [续写构思]　儿子告诉我们真相→承认把积蓄捐了→儿子情绪崩溃→我们深受感动 　　最后，我的儿子非常不情愿地哭着告诉了我们真相。他承认他把他所有的积蓄，相当于一笔可观的钱，都给了这个组织的捐款箱。当他说出这一点时，他崩溃了，抽泣着，脸埋在双手里。我们被他的无私行为惊呆了，并流下了眼泪。很难相信我们的小儿子竟然做出了如此成熟和富有同情心的决定。我们紧紧地拥抱着他，一起哭得泪流满面。 Finally, in tears, and with great unwillingness, my son told us the truth.He confessed that he had given all his savings, which ① , to the organization's donation box.As he revealed this, he ② and sobbed, his face ③ ．We were stunned by his selfless act and ④ ．It was hard to believe that our young son had made such a mature and compassionate decision.We embraced him tightly, ⑤ as we wept together. $